An automatic basket loading machine for edible mushroom spawn bags

Abstract

An automatic basket loading machine for edible mushroom bags belongs to the technical field of edible mushroom bag production. It is characterized in that: it includes a frame, on which a bag feeding device, a bag turning and pushing device, a basket loading device and a basket supplying device are arranged. The bag feeding device can transport horizontally placed mushroom bags to the bag turning and pushing device. The bag turning and pushing device can adjust the mushroom bags to a vertical state and push them into the basket loading device, and the mushroom bags are stacked orderly in the basket loading device. The basket supplying device can separate the material baskets one by one and transport them to the basket loading device, and the basket loading device can load the stacked mushroom bags into the material baskets. The invention has high automation degree, high production efficiency and stable operation, and can significantly reduce labor, labor intensity and comprehensive production cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of edible mushroom spawn bag production, and particularly relates to an automatic basket loading machine for edible mushroom spawn bags. Background Art

[0002] The culture medium of edible mushrooms is usually bottled and bagged, and most of the edible mushroom species are bagged. The prepared finished product of the edible mushroom culture medium is called a spawn bag. In the existing factory production of edible mushrooms, after the spawn bags are filled, a basket loading operation is required to meet the needs of subsequent packaging or stacking and transportation processes.

[0003] Although some of the existing equipment realizes automatic basket loading, when the horizontally placed spawn bags transported on the conveyor line enter the basket loading machine, they cannot be stably and vertically erected. Usually, equipment for erecting the spawn bags is added before basket loading, or equipment for turning the basket is added after basket loading. This increases the cost of production equipment, makes the processing process more complex, and results in a higher failure rate and a lower basket loading production efficiency. In addition, there are also unreasonable designs in the processes of basket separation, basket feeding, and stacking and arranging of spawn bags in the existing equipment, often resulting in problems such as spawn bag breakage or a high failure rate due to overly complex equipment, which brings difficulties to the batch automatic production of spawn bags.

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention designs an automatic basket loading machine for edible mushroom spawn bags to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of these drawbacks of the above-mentioned existing technology, the present invention provides an automatic basket loading machine for edible mushroom spawn bags with reasonable design, high automation degree, high basket loading efficiency, and suitable for factory production of edible mushroom spawn bags.

[0006] The automatic basket loading machine for edible mushroom spawn bags described in the present invention includes a frame, on which a bag feeding device, a bag turning and pushing device, a basket loading device, and a basket supplying device are arranged. The bag feeding device can transport horizontally placed spawn bags to the bag turning and pushing device. The bag turning and pushing device can adjust the spawn bags to an upright state and push them into the basket loading device, and the spawn bags are orderly stacked in the basket loading device. The basket supplying device can separately separate the material baskets one by one and transport them to the basket loading device, and the basket loading device can load the stacked spawn bags into the material baskets.

[0007] Preferably, the basket supplying device includes a basket separation mechanism and a material basket conveying mechanism. The basket separation mechanism and the basket loading device are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the material basket conveying mechanism;

[0008] The basket separation mechanism includes a first mounting vertical plate and a second mounting vertical plate, which are respectively installed on both sides of the front end of the material basket conveying mechanism. A basket storage device is installed on the front side and the rear side of the first mounting plate through support rods respectively. The upper and lower ends of the basket storage device are open, and a stack of material baskets can be stored in the basket storage device.

[0009] Preferably, the basket storage device includes a first long basket guide plate, a first short basket guide plate, a second long basket guide plate, and a second short basket guide plate; the second long basket guide plate and the second short basket guide plate are respectively installed on the front side and the rear side of the second mounting plate through support rods. The first long basket guide plate, the first short basket guide plate, the second long basket guide plate, and the second short basket guide plate are all right-angle plates with an "L"-shaped cross-section, enclosing a support and guiding structure for placing a stack of material baskets.

[0010] Preferably, the basket storage device can also be a square tube-shaped structure with open upper and lower ends.

[0011] Preferably, a first upper basket cylinder is installed on the upper part of the first mounting vertical plate through a basket separation active driving device and a first basket separation guiding device. The telescopic shaft of the first upper basket cylinder is connected to a first upper basket plate. A first lower basket plate is arranged below the first upper basket plate, and the first lower basket plate is installed on the first mounting vertical plate through a first lower basket cylinder; the first upper basket cylinder and the first lower basket cylinder can respectively drive the first upper basket plate and the first lower basket plate to make reciprocating telescopic movements in the horizontal direction; the basket separation active driving device can drive the first upper basket cylinder and the first upper basket plate to move up and down along the basket separation guiding device;

[0012] A second upper basket cylinder is installed on the second mounting vertical plate through a basket separation linkage driving mechanism and a second basket separation guiding device. The telescopic shaft of the second upper basket cylinder is connected to a second upper basket plate. A second lower basket plate is arranged below the second upper basket plate, and the second lower basket plate is installed on the second mounting vertical plate through a second lower basket cylinder; the second upper basket cylinder and the second lower basket cylinder can respectively drive the second upper basket plate and the second lower basket plate to make reciprocating telescopic movements in the horizontal direction;

[0013] The first upper basket plate and / or the first upper basket cylinder are connected to the first upper basket plate and / or the second upper basket cylinder through a basket separation linkage driving mechanism, and the first upper basket plate and the second upper basket plate are driven by the basket separation linkage driving mechanism to move up or down synchronously.

[0014] Preferably, guiding windows are respectively opened on the first mounting vertical plate and the second mounting vertical plate. The first basket separation guiding device and the second basket separation guiding device both include two guiding rods, and the two guiding rods are respectively longitudinally arranged on both sides of the guiding window; both ends of the movable support plate are respectively sleeved on the two guiding rods through linear bearings, and the first upper basket cylinder or the second upper basket cylinder is installed on the movable support plate.

[0015] Preferably, the basket-dividing active driving device is a cylinder or a linear motor; the basket-dividing linkage driving mechanism includes a linkage shaft, a first crank-link mechanism and a second crank-link mechanism, and both the first crank-link mechanism and the second crank-link mechanism include a crank portion and a connecting rod portion; both ends of the linkage shaft are inserted through the first mounting vertical plate and the second mounting vertical plate by bearings, and the crank portions of the first crank-link mechanism and the second crank-link mechanism are respectively connected to both ends of the linkage shaft. One end of the connecting rod portion is hinged to the crank portion, and the other end of the connecting rod portion is hinged to the movable support plate.

[0016] Preferably, the bag-feeding device includes a mushroom bag conveying mechanism and a feeding and pushing mechanism. A bag-dividing support is arranged above the rear part of the mushroom bag conveying mechanism, and a bag-dividing cylinder is installed on the bag-dividing support. The cylinder shaft of the bag-dividing cylinder is connected to a bag-dividing plate; a transition connecting plate of the feeding and pushing mechanism is connected to the rear end of the mushroom bag conveying mechanism. A detection support is arranged above the transition connecting plate, and more than two detection sensors are installed on the detection support. The detection sensors can automatically detect the number of mushroom bags on the transition connecting plate; a bag-pushing cylinder is arranged on one side of the transition connecting plate, and a pushing plate is installed on the telescopic shaft of the bag-pushing cylinder; a bag-turning and pushing device is connected to the other side of the transition connecting plate.

[0017] Preferably, the bag-turning and pushing device includes a bag-turning mechanism and a bag-turning and pushing mechanism; the bag-turning mechanism includes a bag-turning support, a bag-turning driving motor, an impeller and a bag-turning transmission mechanism. The impeller includes a wheel shaft and four blades. The four blades are radially installed on the wheel shaft, and the included angle between adjacent blades is 90 degrees. Both ends of the wheel shaft are installed on the bag-turning support through bearing seats; the bag-turning driving motor is connected to the end of the wheel shaft through the bag-turning transmission mechanism, and each action of the bag-turning driving motor drives the wheel shaft to rotate 90 degrees; after each action, two non-adjacent blades are in a horizontal position and are respectively located at the front receiving position and the rear pushing position; the blade located at the front receiving position is connected to the bag-feeding device, and the blade located at the rear pushing position is connected to the basket-loading device;

[0018] The bag-turning and pushing mechanism includes a bag-turning and pushing support, a bag-turning and pushing driving device, a bag-turning and pushing guiding device, a bag-turning and pushing plate and a bag-turning and supporting plate. The bag-turning and pushing support is arranged above the impeller, and a bag-turning and pushing driving device is installed on the bag-turning and pushing support. The bag-turning and pushing driving device can drive the bag-turning and pushing plate and the bag-turning and supporting plate along the bag-turning and pushing guiding device to clamp and move the mushroom bag rotated to the vertical state from the rear pushing position to the basket-loading device.

[0019] Preferably, the basket loading device includes a basket loading and pushing mechanism, a bale blocking mechanism, a brush assembly, a bale supporting mechanism, and a bale dropping mechanism. The basket loading and pushing device, the bale blocking mechanism, the brush assembly, and the bale supporting mechanism are sequentially arranged above the bale dropping mechanism along the conveying direction of the basket conveying mechanism. Basket loading guiding plates are respectively fixed on the frames on both sides of the basket loading and pushing device, the bale blocking mechanism, the brush assembly, and the bale supporting mechanism.

[0020] The bale dropping device includes a sliding plate, a linear slide rail assembly, and a bale dropping cylinder. The slider of the linear slide rail assembly is connected to the sliding plate, and the bale dropping cylinder can push the slider and the sliding plate to reciprocate between the bale receiving position and the bale dropping position along the guide rail of the linear slide rail assembly.

[0021] Preferably, the basket loading and pushing mechanism includes a basket loading and pushing cylinder and a basket loading and pushing plate. The basket loading and pushing plate is installed on the telescopic shaft of the basket loading and pushing cylinder, and the basket loading and pushing cylinder can drive the basket loading and pushing plate to reciprocate horizontally.

[0022] Preferably, the bale supporting mechanism includes a bale supporting cylinder, a reset cylinder, bale supporting guide columns, bale supporting sliders, and a basket loading bale supporting plate. Bale supporting guide columns are respectively arranged in parallel on both sides above the bale dropping structure. The two sides of the bale supporting slider are respectively sleeved on the bale supporting guide columns through linear bearings. The bale supporting slider can reciprocate along the bale supporting guide columns. The telescopic shaft of the reset cylinder is connected to the bale supporting slider. The bale supporting cylinder is installed on the bale supporting slider. The telescopic shaft of the bale supporting cylinder is arranged downward and is connected to and fixes the basket loading bale supporting plate. The air inlet interface of the reset cylinder is not connected to the air circuit, and the air outlet interface of the reset cylinder is connected to an air pump through the air circuit. The negative pressure suction of the air pump can drive the telescopic rod of the reset cylinder to retract and reset.

[0023] Preferably, the bale blocking mechanism includes a bale blocking cylinder and a bale blocking plate. The telescopic shaft of the bale blocking cylinder is connected to the bale blocking plate, and the bale blocking cylinder can drive the bale blocking plate to reciprocate vertically. The brush assembly includes a brush mounting plate, and a brush is installed at the lower part of the brush mounting plate. Advantageous Effects

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the advantageous effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0025] 1. The automatic basket loading machine for edible mushroom packages of the present invention includes a bale feeding device, a bale turning and pushing device, a basket supplying device, and a basket loading device. The above devices are arranged in a "field" shape on the frame, and a series of operations such as bale feeding, bale standing, basket supplying, and basket loading can be realized simultaneously, so that the present invention can complete the operations of bale introduction, basket loading, and bale export during the conveying process on the bale conveying line.

[0026] 2. The bale turning and pushing device adopts a design form of controlling the servo motor to drive the impeller to rotate 90° each time, and can simultaneously perform vertical bale standing operations on multiple bales, without damaging the packaging bags, with simple structure, and the process of rotating and moving the bales is stable and smooth.

[0027] 3. The basket-sorting mechanism in the basket supply device has the characteristics of simple form and reliable basket-sorting action. Only one set of active driving devices and one set of linkage devices can synchronously drive the two sides to perform the basket-sorting action, with a low synchronization rate and cost savings in manufacturing. Batch tests have confirmed that this structure is not only more compact but also has a low failure rate.

[0028] 4. The present invention has a high degree of automation, high production efficiency, and stable operation, and can significantly reduce labor, lower labor intensity, and reduce comprehensive production costs. Description of the Drawings

[0029] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 is a top view of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 is Figure 2 a bottom view of

[0032] Figure 4 is Figure 3 a right view of

[0033] Figure 5 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the bag-feeding device;

[0034] Figure 6 is a top view of the bag-feeding device;

[0035] Figure 7 is one of the three-dimensional structural schematic diagrams of the bag-turning and pushing device;

[0036] Figure 8 is the second three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the bag-turning and pushing device;

[0037] Figure 9 is a top view of the bag-turning and pushing device;

[0038] Figure 10 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the impeller;

[0039] Figure 11 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the basket conveying mechanism;

[0040] Figure 12 is a front view of the basket conveying mechanism;

[0041] Figure 13 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the basket-sorting mechanism;

[0042] Figure 14 is Figure 13 an enlarged view of the structure of part A of (i.e., a schematic diagram of the separated state of the second upper basket-sorting plate and the first upper basket-sorting plate);

[0043] Figure 15 For Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the state where the second upper bin-dividing plate and the first upper bin-dividing plate are brought together as shown;

[0044] Figure 16 Top view of the bin-dividing mechanism;

[0045] Figure 17 For Figure 16 Bottom view of

[0046] Figure 18 For Figure 17 Schematic diagram of the structure in the B-B direction of

[0047] Figure 19 For Figure 17 Right view of (i.e., schematic diagram of the state when the first upper bin-dividing cylinder is at the upper limit position);

[0048] Figure 20 Schematic diagram of the state when the first upper bin-dividing cylinder is at the lower limit position;

[0049] Figure 21 Schematic diagram of the initial state of the bin-dividing mechanism;

[0050] Figure 22 Schematic diagram of the state of the bin-dividing mechanism after completing a bin-dividing action;

[0051] Figure 23 Schematic diagram of the structure of the bin-loading device;

[0052] Figure 24 Stereoscopic structure diagram of the bin-loading pushing and bagging mechanism and the bag-dropping mechanism installed on the bin conveyor mechanism;

[0053] Figure 25 Front view of the bin-loading pushing and bagging mechanism and the bag-dropping mechanism installed on the bin conveyor mechanism;

[0054] Figure 26 For Figure 25 Top view of ;

[0055] Figure 27 Stereoscopic structure diagram of the bag-blocking mechanism;

[0056] Figure 28 Stereoscopic structure diagram of the brush assembly;

[0057] Figure 29 Stereoscopic structure diagram of the bag-supporting mechanism;

[0058] Figure 30 Top view of the bag-supporting mechanism.

[0059] In the figure:

[0060] 1. Bag feeding device; 101. Mushroom bag conveying mechanism; 102. Bag sub-packaging support; 103. Bag sub-packaging cylinder; 104. Bag sub-packaging plate; 105. Transition connecting plate; 106. Detection sensor; 107. Detection support; 108. Push plate; 109. Push plate guide device; 110. Bag pushing cylinder;

[0061] 2. Bag turning and pushing device; 201. Bag turning and pushing driving device; 202. Bag turning driving motor; 203. Bag turning and pushing bracket; 204. Bag turning and pushing plate; 205. Bag turning and pushing guide device; 206. Impeller; 207. Bag turning and supporting plate; 208. Right guide plate; 209. Front receiving position; 210. Left guide plate; 211. Bag turning bracket; 212. Bag blocking channel plate; 213. Rear pushing position; 214. Passive gear; 215. Driving gear; 216. Wheel shaft; 217. Blade;

[0062] 3. Basket supply device; 301. Second mounting plate; 302. Guide window; 303. Second upper sub-basket cylinder; 304. Second long-storage basket guide plate; 305. Second upper sub-basket plate; 306. Connecting rod assembly; 307. First long-storage basket guide plate; 308. First mounting plate; 309. Upper support plate; 310. Movable support plate; 311. Lower support plate; 312. Connecting rod; 313. Sub-basket active drive device; 314. Crank; 315. Guide rod; 316. Linear bearing; 317. First short Basket storage guide plate; 318, linkage shaft; 319, second lower sub-basket plate; 320, second short basket storage guide plate; 321, second lower sub-basket cylinder; 322, first upper sub-basket plate; 323, first upper sub-basket cylinder; 324, first lower sub-basket plate; 325, first sub-basket lower cylinder; 326, first sub-basket guide device; 327, first crank-connecting rod mechanism; 328, second crank-connecting rod mechanism; 329, second sub-basket guide device; 330, basket conveying mechanism; 331, basket blocking cylinder; 332, basket blocking lifting rod;

[0063] 4. Basket loading device; 401. Basket loading package pushing mechanism; 402. Basket loading package pushing plate; 403. Basket loading package pushing cylinder; 404. Package dropping mechanism; 405. Package blocking mechanism; 406. Brush assembly; 407. Package supporting mechanism; 408. Linear guide assembly; 409. Basket loading package supporting plate; 410. Slide plate; 411. Package blocking cylinder; 412. Package blocking plate; 413. Brush mounting plate; 414. Brush; 415. Buffer block; 416. Rear guide post mounting plate; 417. Package supporting guide post; 418. Package supporting cylinder; 419. Reset cylinder; 420. Front guide post mounting plate; 421. Package supporting slider; 422. Basket loading guide plate;

[0064] 5. Mushroom bag; 6. Rack; 7. Material basket; 8. Export conveyor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and aims to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention pertains.

[0066] As Figure 1 、 2 、3 and 4 show, an automatic basket loading machine for edible mushroom bags according to the present invention includes a frame 6, and a bag feeding device 1, a bag turning and pushing device 2, a basket loading device 4 and a basket supplying device 3 are arranged on the frame 6. In this embodiment, the bag feeding device 1, the bag turning and pushing device 2, the basket loading device 4 and the basket supplying device 3 are arranged in a "field" shape on the frame 6. The bag feeding device 1 can quantitatively convey the horizontally placed mushroom bags 5 to the bag turning and pushing device 2, the bag turning and pushing device 2 can adjust the grouped mushroom bags 5 to the upright state and push them into the basket loading device 4, and the mushroom bags 5 are orderly stacked in the basket loading device 4 to form a square array. The basket supplying device 3 can separately separate the stacked material baskets 7 one by one and convey them to the basket loading device 4, and the basket loading device 4 then loads the stacked mushroom bags 5 into the material basket 7.

[0067] As Figure 5 and 6 shown, the bag feeding device 1 includes a mushroom bag conveying mechanism 101 and a feeding and pushing mechanism. A bag separating bracket 102 is arranged above the rear part of the mushroom bag conveying mechanism 101, a bag separating cylinder 103 is installed on the bag separating bracket 102, and the cylinder shaft of the bag separating cylinder 103 is connected to a bag separating plate 104. The mushroom bag conveying mechanism 101 is a flat belt conveyor, and the mushroom bags 5 are placed horizontally on the mushroom bag conveying mechanism 101, and the position of the bag separating bracket 102 is adjusted to control the number of mushroom bags 5 flipped each time.

[0068] At the rear end of the mushroom bag conveying mechanism 101, a transition connecting plate 105 of the feeding and pushing mechanism is connected. A detection bracket 107 is arranged above the transition connecting plate 105, and two or more detection sensors 106 are installed on the detection bracket 107. The detection sensors 106 can automatically detect the number of mushroom bags on the transition connecting plate 105; a pushing cylinder 110 is arranged on one side of the transition connecting plate 105, a pushing plate 108 is installed on the telescopic shaft of the pushing cylinder 110, and the pushing cylinder 110 can drive the pushing plate 108 to move back and forth under the guiding action of a pushing plate guiding device 109; on the other side of the transition connecting plate 105, the bag turning and pushing device 2 is connected. The pushing plate guiding device 109 is a slider rail guiding mechanism or a slider chute guiding mechanism.

[0069] As Figure 7 、 8, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the bag turning and pushing device 2 includes a bag turning mechanism and a bag turning and pushing mechanism; the bag turning mechanism includes a bag turning support 211, a bag turning drive motor 202, an impeller 206 and a bag turning transmission mechanism. The impeller 206 includes a shaft 216 and four blades 217. The four blades 217 are radially installed on the shaft 216, and the included angle between adjacent blades 217 is 90 degrees. Both ends of the shaft 216 are installed on the bag turning support 211 through bearing seats. The bag turning transmission mechanism can be structures such as sprocket and chain drive, synchronous belt and synchronous pulley drive or gear and rack drive, etc. In this embodiment, the form of gear meshing drive is selected. A passive gear 214 is installed at one end of the rotating shaft, and an active gear 215 is installed at the output end of the bag turning drive motor 202. The active gear 215 meshes with the passive gear 214 to drive each other, so as to realize the rotation control of the impeller 206 by the bag turning drive motor 202. Each action of the bag turning drive motor 202 drives the shaft 216 to rotate 90 degrees; after each action, two non-adjacent blades 217 are in the horizontal position and are respectively located at the front receiving position 209 and the rear pushing position 213; the blade 217 at the front receiving position 209 is connected with the bag feeding device 1. To ensure that the bacteria are placed stably and neatly on the blade 217 at the front receiving position 209, a left guide plate 210 and a right guide plate 208 are respectively arranged on the bag turning support 211 on both sides of the front receiving position 209. The blade 217 at the rear pushing position 213 is connected with the basket loading device 4. In this embodiment, the bag turning drive motor 202 is a combined drive structure of a servo motor and a worm and worm gear reducer.

[0070] The bag turning and pushing mechanism includes a bag turning and pushing support 203, a bag turning and pushing drive device 201, a bag turning and pushing guiding device 205, a bag turning and pushing plate 204 and a bag turning and supporting plate 207. The bag turning and pushing support 203 is arranged above the impeller 206. A bag turning and pushing drive device 201 is installed on the bag turning and pushing support 203. The bag turning and pushing drive device 201 can drive the bag turning and pushing plate 204 and the bag turning and supporting plate 207 along the bag turning and pushing guiding device 205 to clamp and move the mushroom bag 5 rotated to the vertical state from the rear pushing position 213 to the basket loading device 4. To prevent the mushroom bag 5 turned to the vertical state from tipping and displacing, a baffle channel plate 212 is vertically fixed on the frame 6 or the pushing support above the rear pushing position 213. The baffle channel plate 212 and the upper blade 217 in the vertical state clamp to form a pushing channel. In this embodiment, the bag turning and pushing guiding device 205 is a linear slide rail assembly. One end of the guiding slide rail of the linear slide rail assembly is located above the impeller 206, and the other end extends into the basket loading device 4; both ends of the slider of the linear slide rail assembly are respectively installed with the bag turning and pushing plate 204 and the bag turning and supporting plate 207. The bag turning and pushing drive device 201 is a cylinder, and the telescopic shaft of the cylinder is connected with the slider of the linear slide rail assembly.

[0071] The basket supply device 3 includes a basket separation mechanism and a basket conveyor mechanism 330. The basket separation mechanism and the basket loading device 4 are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the basket conveyor mechanism 330.

[0072] As Figure 11 and 12 shown, the basket conveyor mechanism 330 is a flat belt conveyor. A basket blocking cylinder 331 is installed on the frame 6 at the end of the basket conveyor mechanism 330. The telescopic rod of the basket blocking cylinder 331 is arranged upward and connected to and fixed to the basket blocking lifting rod 332. When the basket blocking lifting rod 332 is at the upper limit position, it can block the basket 7 on the basket conveyor mechanism 330, making it stationary at the end of the basket conveyor mechanism 330 and waiting for the basket loading operation. After the basket loading operation is completed, the basket blocking lifting rod 332 is at the lower limit position, and the basket conveyor mechanism 330 can convey the basket filled with the mushroom packages 5 to the export conveyor 8 connected at the rear end.

[0073] As Figures 13 to 22 shown, the basket separation mechanism includes a first mounting vertical plate 308 and a second mounting vertical plate 301. The first mounting vertical plate 308 and the second mounting vertical plate 301 are respectively installed on both sides of the front end of the basket conveyor mechanism 330. The first mounting vertical plate 308 and the second mounting vertical plate 301 are connected by a connecting rod assembly 306 to keep the two plate bodies parallel and fixed to each other. A first long basket guide plate 307 and a first short basket guide plate 317 are respectively installed on the front side and the rear side of the first mounting plate through support rods, and a second long basket guide plate 304 and a second short basket guide plate 320 are respectively installed on the front side and the rear side of the second mounting plate through support rods. The first long basket guide plate 307, the first short basket guide plate 317, the second long basket guide plate 304, and the second short basket guide plate 320 are all right-angled plates with an "L"-shaped cross-section, enclosing a supporting and guiding structure for placing the stacked basket group.

[0074] At the upper part of the first mounting vertical plate 308, a first upper bin-dividing cylinder 323 is installed through a bin-dividing active driving device 313 and a first bin-dividing guiding device 326. The telescopic shaft of the first upper bin-dividing cylinder 323 is connected to a first upper bin-dividing plate 322. A first lower bin-dividing plate 324 is arranged below the first upper bin-dividing plate 322, and the first lower bin-dividing plate 324 is installed on the first mounting vertical plate 308 through a first lower bin-dividing cylinder. The first upper bin-dividing cylinder 323 and a first lower bin-dividing cylinder 325 can respectively drive the first upper bin-dividing plate 322 and the first lower bin-dividing plate 324 to make reciprocating telescopic movements in the horizontal direction. The bin-dividing active driving device 313 can drive the first upper bin-dividing cylinder 323 and the first upper bin-dividing plate 322 to move up and down along the bin-dividing guiding device. On the second mounting vertical plate 301, a second upper bin-dividing cylinder 303 is installed through a bin-dividing linkage driving mechanism and a second bin-dividing guiding device 329. The telescopic shaft of the second upper bin-dividing cylinder 303 is connected to a second upper bin-dividing plate 305. A second lower bin-dividing plate 319 is arranged below the second upper bin-dividing plate 305, and the second lower bin-dividing plate 319 is installed on the second mounting vertical plate 301 through a second lower bin-dividing cylinder 321. The second upper bin-dividing cylinder 303 and a second lower bin-dividing cylinder can respectively drive the second upper bin-dividing plate 305 and the second lower bin-dividing plate 319 to make reciprocating telescopic movements in the horizontal direction. The first upper bin-dividing plate 322 and / or the first upper bin-dividing cylinder 323 are connected to the first upper bin-dividing plate 322 and / or the second upper bin-dividing cylinder 303 through a bin-dividing linkage driving mechanism. The first upper bin-dividing plate 322 and the second upper bin-dividing plate 305 are driven by the bin-dividing linkage driving mechanism to rise or fall synchronously.

[0075] Guiding windows 302 are respectively opened on the first mounting vertical plate 308 and the second mounting vertical plate 301. Both the first bin-dividing guiding device 326 and the second bin-dividing guiding device 329 include two guiding rods 315. The two guiding rods 315 are respectively longitudinally arranged on both sides of the guiding window 302, and the upper ends of the two guiding rods 315 are fixed to the upper part of the guiding window 302 through an upper supporting plate 309, and the lower ends of the two guiding rods 315 are fixed to the lower part of the guiding window 302 through a lower supporting plate 311. Both ends of a movable supporting plate 310 are respectively sleeved on the two guiding rods 315 through linear bearings 316. The first upper bin-dividing cylinder 323 or the second upper bin-dividing cylinder 303 is installed on the movable supporting plate 310, and a first lower bin-dividing cylinder or a second lower bin-dividing cylinder 321 is installed on the lower supporting plate 311.

[0076] The basket-dividing linkage driving mechanism includes a linkage shaft 318, a first crank-link mechanism 327, and a second crank-link mechanism 328. Both the first crank-link mechanism 327 and the second crank-link mechanism 328 include a crank portion 314 and a connecting rod portion 312. The two ends of the linkage shaft 318 are inserted through the first mounting vertical plate 308 and the second mounting vertical plate 301 by means of bearings. The crank portions 314 of the first crank-link mechanism 327 and the second crank-link mechanism 328 are respectively connected to the two ends of the linkage shaft 318. The crank portion 314 is hingedly connected to one end of the connecting rod portion 312, and the other end of the connecting rod portion 312 is hingedly connected to the movable support plate 310.

[0077] As Figure 23 shown, the basket loading device 4 includes a basket loading and pushing mechanism 401, a bale blocking mechanism 405, a brush assembly 406, a bale supporting mechanism 407, and a bale dropping mechanism 404. The basket loading and pushing device, the bale blocking mechanism 405, the brush assembly 406, and the bale supporting mechanism 407 are sequentially arranged on the frame 6 above the bale dropping mechanism 404 along the conveying direction of the basket conveying mechanism 330. Basket loading guide plates 422 are respectively fixed on the frame 6 on both sides of the basket loading and pushing device, the bale blocking mechanism 405, the brush assembly 406, and the bale supporting mechanism 407.

[0078] As Figure 24 、 25 and shown in FIG. 26, the bale dropping device includes a sliding plate 410, a linear slide rail assembly 408, and a bale dropping cylinder. The two guiding slide rails of the linear slide rail assembly 408 are respectively arranged on the left and right sides above the rear end of the basket conveying mechanism 330. The slider of the linear slide rail assembly 408 can reciprocate along the guiding slide rails on both sides, and the slider is connected to the sliding plate 410. The bale dropping cylinder can push the slider and the sliding plate 410 to reciprocate along the guide rail of the linear slide rail assembly 408 between the bale receiving position and the bale dropping position.

[0079] As Figure 23 shown, the basket loading and pushing mechanism 401 includes a basket loading and pushing cylinder 403 and a basket loading and pushing plate 402. The basket loading and pushing cylinder 403 is installed on the frame 6, and the basket loading and pushing plate 402 is installed on the telescopic shaft of the basket loading and pushing cylinder 403. The basket loading and pushing cylinder 403 can drive the basket loading and pushing plate 402 to reciprocate horizontally.

[0080] As Figure 27 shown, the bale blocking mechanism 405 includes a bale blocking cylinder 411 and a bale blocking plate 412. The telescopic shaft of the bale blocking cylinder 411 is connected to the bale blocking plate 412. The bale blocking cylinder 411 can drive the bale blocking plate 412 to reciprocate vertically. As Figure 28 shown, the brush assembly 406 includes a brush mounting plate 413, and a brush 414 is installed at the lower part of the brush mounting plate 413.

[0081] As Figure 29And Figure 30 As shown in Figure 30 , the bag supporting mechanism 407 includes a bag supporting cylinder 418, a reset cylinder 419, bag supporting guide posts 417, bag supporting sliders 421 and a basket loading bag supporting plate 409. On the frame 6 above the bag dropping structure, a front guide post mounting plate 420 and a rear guide post mounting plate 416 are respectively arranged. The two ends of the two bag supporting guide posts 417 are respectively mounted on the front guide post mounting plate 420 and the rear guide post mounting plate 416. The two sides of the bag supporting slider 421 are respectively sleeved on the bag supporting guide posts 417 through linear bearings, and the bag supporting slider 421 can reciprocate along the bag supporting guide posts 417. The reset cylinder 419 is mounted on the front guide post mounting plate 420, the telescopic shaft of the reset cylinder 419 is connected to the bag supporting slider 421, and the bag supporting cylinder 418 is mounted on the bag supporting slider 421. The telescopic shaft of the bag supporting cylinder 418 is arranged downward and is connected to and fixes the basket loading bag supporting plate 409. The air inlet interface of the reset cylinder 419 is not connected to the air circuit, and the air outlet interface of the reset cylinder 419 is connected to an air pump through an air circuit. The negative pressure suction of the air pump can drive the telescopic rod of the reset cylinder 419 to retract and reset. A buffer block 415 is fixed on the rear guide post mounting plate 416.

[0082] The specific working process of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0083] (1) Feeding

[0084] The mushroom bags 5 are horizontally placed on the mushroom bag conveying device. When they are transported to the transition connecting plate 105 through the mushroom bag conveying device, the detection inductor 106 fixed on the detection bracket 107 detects that the number of mushroom bags reaches the preset value, and then a transmission signal can be sent to make the sub-packaging cylinder 103 drive the sub-packaging plate 104 to drop, intercepting the next batch of mushroom bags. Then, the pushing bag cylinder 110 arranged on one side of the transition plate drives the pushing plate 108 to push the mushroom bag group onto the impeller 206 of the bag turning and pushing device 2 under the guiding action of the pushing plate guiding device 109 until the mushroom bag group is completely located on the horizontal blades 217 at the front-side receiving position 209.

[0085] (2) Bag turning and feeding

[0086] Start the bag turning drive motor 202, which can drive the impeller 206 to turn 90 degrees, thereby driving the mushroom bag 5 to rotate from the front-side receiving position 209 to the rear-side pushing position 213. At this time, the mushroom bag 5 turns 90 degrees and is in a vertical state, and each mushroom bag 5 is located between the bag turning and pushing plate 204 and the bag turning and supporting plate 207. Then, start the bag turning and pushing drive device 201, and its telescopic shaft can extend outwards and push the slider of the linear slide rail assembly to move along the guiding slide rail until the bag turning and pushing plate 204 and the bag turning and supporting plate 207 clamp the mushroom bag group and move it along the pushing channel into the basket loading device 4.

[0087] (3) Basket dividing and basket supplying

[0088] The operation method of the basket separating mechanism is as follows: Stack the respective baskets into groups, and let the first long basket guide plate 307, the first short basket guide plate 317, the second long basket guide plate 304, and the second short basket guide plate 320 embrace and fix the stacked basket group from the four corners of each basket 7, actually forming the storage space for the baskets. In the initial state, the first upper basket separating cylinder 323, the first lower basket separating cylinder, the second upper basket separating cylinder 303, and the second lower basket separating cylinder 321 are all in the retracted state, that is, the first upper basket separating plate 322, the first lower basket separating plate 324, the second upper basket separating plate 305, and the second lower basket separating plate 319 are all in the retracted state, and both the first upper basket separating plate 322 and the second upper basket separating plate 305 are in the lower limit position.

[0089] When a certain number of baskets 7 are stored in the basket separating device, the first upper basket separating plate 322, the first lower basket separating plate 324, the second upper basket separating plate 305, and the second lower basket separating plate 319 simultaneously extend and are inserted from both sides between the annular edges of the upper and lower two baskets 7 to be separated. Start the basket separating active driving device 313 (in this embodiment, the basket separating active driving device 313 is a cylinder). The movable support plate 310 of the first basket separating guiding device 326 drives the first upper basket separating cylinder 323 to move upward, and then the first upper basket separating plate 322 moves upward; at the same time, the movable support plate 310 drives the connecting rod part 312 of the first crank connecting rod mechanism 327 to move upward. The connecting rod part 312 of the first crank connecting rod mechanism 327 drives the linkage shaft 318 to rotate through the crank part 314, and then drives the crank part 314 of the second crank connecting rod mechanism 328 to rotate, making the connecting rod part 312 of the second crank connecting rod mechanism 328 move upward, driving the movable support plate 310 of the second basket separating guiding device 329 and the second upper basket separating cylinder 303 to move upward. Thus, it is realized that the first upper basket separating plate 322 and the second upper basket separating plate 305 synchronously drive the upper basket and the stacked basket group to move upward, and the first lower basket separating plate 324 and the second lower basket separating plate 319 always remain stationary, passively separating the lowermost basket from the upper basket until the lowermost basket falls to the front end of the basket conveying mechanism 330.

[0090] The basket conveying mechanism 330 can convey the basket 7 to the rear end and be located below the slide plate 410. At this time, the basket 7 is stopped by the basket blocking lifting rod 332 at the upper limit position, waiting for the operation of dropping and loading the mushroom bags into the basket.

[0091] (4) Loading into the basket

[0092] When a group of mushroom spawn bags 5 are pushed from the bag - turning and pushing device 2 into the basket - loading device 4, the slide plate 410 is at the initial position above the material basket 7 and supports and pushes the incoming group of mushroom spawn bags. At this time, the basket - loading and bag - pushing plate 402 of the basket - loading and bag - pushing mechanism 401 is in the retracted position, while the bag - blocking plate 412 of the bag - blocking mechanism 405 moves down to the lower limit position, and an entry channel is formed by clamping between the basket - loading and bag - pushing plate 402 and the bag - blocking plate 412. When the mushroom spawn bags 5 completely enter this channel, the bag - blocking plate 412 moves up, and the basket - loading and bag - pushing plate 402 extends outwards, pushing this group of mushroom spawn bags 5 together under the brush assembly 406. Each brush 414 elastically presses and fixes this group of mushroom spawn bags 5 to prevent them from toppling. When a new group of mushroom spawn bags 5 enters the basket - loading device 4, the above - mentioned bag - pushing action is repeated. The newly arrived group of mushroom spawn bags pushes the previous group of mushroom spawn bags forward, and the new group of mushroom spawn bags takes over its position under the brush assembly 406. During the process of advancing and stacking the group of mushroom spawn bags, the basket - loading and bag - supporting plate 409 is always at the lower limit position and supports the first - entered group of mushroom spawn bags to keep them moving forward in a vertical state. Repeating this process, after stacking a preset number of mushroom spawn bags on the slide plate 410 of the blanking mechanism, as Figure 24 shown, at this time, the basket - loading and bag - pushing plate 402, the bag - supporting plate, and the basket - loading guiding plates 422 on both sides enclose the group of mushroom spawn bags, forming a square array of mushroom spawn bags. The slide plate 410 is driven by the bag - dropping cylinder to translate, so that the mushroom spawn bags 5 on the slide plate 410 vertically fall into the material basket 7 waiting below the slide plate 410, completing the basket - loading operation.

[0093] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An automatic basket loading machine for edible mushroom bags, characterized in that: It includes a frame, on which a bag feeding device, a bag turning and pushing device, a basket loading device and a basket supplying device are arranged. The bag feeding device can convey mushroom bags to the bag turning and pushing device, and the bag turning and pushing device can adjust the mushroom bags to an upright state and push them into the basket loading device, where the mushroom bags are stacked orderly; the basket supplying device can separate the material baskets one by one and convey them to the position of the basket loading device, and the basket loading device can load the stacked mushroom bags into the material baskets; The basket supplying device includes a basket separating mechanism and a material basket conveying mechanism. The basket separating mechanism and the basket loading device are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the material basket conveying mechanism; The basket separating mechanism includes a first mounting vertical plate and a second mounting vertical plate, which are respectively mounted on both sides of the front end of the material basket conveying mechanism; a basket storage device is mounted on the front side and the rear side of the first mounting plate through support rods. The upper and lower ends of the basket storage device are open, and a stack of material baskets can be stored in the basket storage device; A first upper basket separating cylinder is mounted on the upper part of the first mounting vertical plate through a basket separating driving device and a first basket separating guiding device. The telescopic shaft of the first upper basket separating cylinder is connected to a first upper basket separating plate. A first lower basket separating plate is arranged below the first upper basket separating plate and is mounted on the first mounting vertical plate through a first lower basket separating cylinder; the first upper basket separating cylinder and the first lower basket separating cylinder can respectively drive the first upper basket separating plate and the first lower basket separating plate to make reciprocating telescopic movements in the horizontal direction; the basket separating driving device can drive the first upper basket separating cylinder and the first upper basket separating plate to move up and down along the basket separating guiding device; A second upper basket separating cylinder is mounted on the second mounting vertical plate through a basket separating linkage driving mechanism and a second basket separating guiding device. The telescopic shaft of the second upper basket separating cylinder is connected to a second upper basket separating plate. A second lower basket separating plate is arranged below the second upper basket separating plate and is mounted on the second mounting vertical plate through a second lower basket separating cylinder; the second upper basket separating cylinder and the second lower basket separating cylinder can respectively drive the second upper basket separating plate and the second lower basket separating plate to make reciprocating telescopic movements in the horizontal direction; The first upper basket separating plate and / or the first upper basket separating cylinder are connected to the first upper basket separating plate and / or the second upper basket separating cylinder through a basket separating linkage driving mechanism, and the first upper basket separating plate and the second upper basket separating plate are driven by the basket separating linkage driving mechanism to rise or fall synchronously; The basket separating linkage driving mechanism includes a linkage shaft, a first crank - connecting rod mechanism and a second crank - connecting rod mechanism. Both the first crank - connecting rod mechanism and the second crank - connecting rod mechanism include a crank part and a connecting rod part; both ends of the linkage shaft are inserted through the first mounting vertical plate and the second mounting vertical plate in a through - type manner through bearings. The crank parts of the first crank - connecting rod mechanism and the second crank - connecting rod mechanism are respectively connected to both ends of the linkage shaft. One end of the connecting rod part is hinged to the crank part, and the other end of the connecting rod part is hinged to a movable support plate; The basket loading device includes a basket loading and bag pushing mechanism, a bag blocking mechanism, a brush assembly, a bag supporting mechanism and a bag dropping mechanism. The basket loading and bag pushing device, the bag blocking mechanism, the brush assembly and the bag supporting mechanism are sequentially arranged above the bag dropping mechanism along the conveying direction of the material basket conveying mechanism; basket loading guiding plates are respectively fixed on the frames on both sides of the basket loading and bag pushing device, the bag blocking mechanism, the brush assembly and the bag supporting mechanism; The bag dropping mechanism includes a slide plate, a linear slide rail assembly, and a bag dropping cylinder. The slider of the linear slide rail assembly is connected to the slide plate, and the bag dropping cylinder can push the slider and the slide plate to reciprocate between the bag receiving position and the bag dropping position along the guide rail of the linear slide rail assembly. The bag supporting mechanism includes a bag supporting cylinder, a reset cylinder, a bag supporting guide post, a bag supporting slider, and a basket loading bag supporting plate. Bag supporting guide posts are arranged in parallel on both sides above the bag dropping mechanism. The two sides of the bag supporting slider are respectively sleeved on the bag supporting guide posts through linear bearings. The bag supporting slider can reciprocate along the bag supporting guide posts. The telescopic shaft of the reset cylinder is connected to the bag supporting slider. The bag supporting cylinder is installed on the bag supporting slider. The telescopic shaft of the bag supporting cylinder is arranged downward and is connected to and fixes the basket loading bag supporting plate. The air inlet interface of the reset cylinder is not connected to the air circuit, and the air outlet interface of the reset cylinder is connected to an air pump through the air circuit. The negative pressure suction of the air pump can drive the telescopic rod of the reset cylinder to retract and reset.

2. The automatic basket loading machine for edible mushroom bags according to claim 1, wherein: Guide windows are respectively opened on the first installation vertical plate and the second installation vertical plate. Both the first basket dividing and guiding device and the second basket dividing and guiding device include two guide rods, and the two guide rods are respectively arranged longitudinally on both sides of the guide window. The two ends of the movable support plate are respectively sleeved on the two guide rods through linear bearings. The first upper basket dividing cylinder or the second upper basket dividing cylinder is installed on the movable support plate.

3. The automatic basket loading machine for edible mushroom bags according to claim 2, wherein: The basket dividing active driving device is a cylinder or a linear motor.

4. The automatic basket loading machine for edible mushroom spawn bags according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bag feeding device includes a mushroom bag conveying mechanism and a feeding pushing mechanism. A bag dividing support is arranged above the rear part of the mushroom bag conveying mechanism. A bag dividing cylinder is installed on the bag dividing support. The cylinder shaft of the bag dividing cylinder is connected to a bag dividing plate. A transition connecting plate of the feeding pushing mechanism is connected to the rear end of the mushroom bag conveying mechanism. A detection support is arranged above the transition connecting plate. Two or more detection sensors are installed on the detection support. The detection sensors can automatically detect the number of mushroom bags on the transition connecting plate. A pushing bag cylinder is arranged on one side of the transition connecting plate. A pushing plate is installed on the telescopic shaft of the pushing bag cylinder. A bag turning and pushing device is connected to the other side of the transition connecting plate.

5. An automatic basket loading machine for edible mushroom spawn bags, characterized in that: The bag turning and pushing device includes a bag turning mechanism and a bag turning and pushing mechanism. The bag turning mechanism includes a bag turning support, a bag turning driving motor, an impeller, and a bag turning transmission mechanism. The impeller includes a wheel shaft and four blades. The four blades are radially installed on the wheel shaft. The included angle between adjacent blades is 90 degrees. The two ends of the wheel shaft are installed on the bag turning support through bearing seats. The bag turning driving motor is connected to the end of the wheel shaft through the bag turning transmission mechanism. Each action of the bag turning driving motor drives the wheel shaft to rotate 90 degrees. After each action, two non-adjacent blades are in the horizontal position and are respectively located at the front side receiving position and the rear side pushing position. The blade located at the front side receiving position is connected to the bag feeding device, and the blade located at the rear side pushing position is connected to the basket loading device. The bag turning and pushing mechanism includes a bag turning and pushing support, a bag turning and pushing driving device, a bag turning and pushing guiding device, a bag turning and pushing plate, and a bag turning and supporting plate. The bag turning and pushing support is arranged above the impeller, and the bag turning and pushing driving device is installed on the bag turning and pushing support. The bag turning and pushing driving device can drive the bag turning and pushing plate and the bag turning and supporting plate along the bag turning and pushing guiding device to clamp and move the mushroom bag rotated to the vertical state from the rear pushing position to the basket loading device.

6. The automatic basket loading machine for edible mushroom spawn bags according to claim 1, wherein: The basket loading and pushing mechanism includes a basket loading and pushing cylinder and a basket loading and pushing plate. The basket loading and pushing plate is installed on the telescopic shaft of the basket loading and pushing cylinder, and the basket loading and pushing cylinder can drive the basket loading and pushing plate to reciprocate horizontally.

7. An automatic basket loading machine for edible mushroom spawn bags, characterized in that: The bag blocking mechanism includes a bag blocking cylinder and a bag blocking plate. The telescopic shaft of the bag blocking cylinder is connected to the bag blocking plate, and the bag blocking cylinder can drive the bag blocking plate to reciprocate vertically; the brush assembly includes a brush mounting plate, and a brush is installed at the lower part of the brush mounting plate.

Images