A transportable biomass carbonization device

Abstract

The present invention relates to a transportable biomass carbonization device, which comprises a pretreatment device, a pyrolysis device and a first feeding conveyor belt; the first feeding conveyor belt is detachably connected to the pretreatment device and the pyrolysis device; the pretreatment device and the pyrolysis device are transported by different vehicles respectively. The present invention realizes the combined use and split transportation of the pretreatment device and the pyrolysis device through the detachable first feeding conveyor belt, overcomes the problem that the biomass carbonization device is too large to be transported, realizes the low-cost transportation of the biomass carbonization device, and solves the problem of high storage and transportation costs of biomass raw materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of biomass, and particularly to a transportable biomass carbonization device. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the transfer of rural labor force, the improvement of energy consumption structure and the application of various alternative raw materials, combined with the reasons such as the high cost, poor economy and low industrialization degree of the comprehensive utilization of biomass raw materials such as straw, there has been a regional, seasonal and structural surplus of biomass raw materials.

[0003] And the production of high-value chemical products from agricultural and forestry waste is a highly economical and sustainable utilization way, which can promote the increase of farmers' income while reducing the dependence on food crops and petrochemical resources in terms of raw materials. However, it is difficult to collect large-scale biomass raw materials such as straw, and it also requires a large amount of cost to transport them from farmland to power plants and feed mills over long distances.

[0004] It can be seen that the direct return to the field treatment method is difficult to achieve the efficient utilization of straw biomass resources, and the increase in farmers' income is also less. While other utilization methods with higher economic benefits face the problem of too high storage and transportation costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a transportable biomass carbonization device to solve the problem of high storage and transportation costs of biomass raw materials through the low-cost transportation of the biomass carbonization device itself.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a transportable biomass carbonization device, which includes: a pretreatment device, a pyrolysis device and a first feed conveyor belt;

[0008] The first feed conveyor belt is detachably connected to the pretreatment device and the pyrolysis device; the pretreatment device and the pyrolysis device are transported by different vehicles respectively.

[0009] Optionally, the pretreatment device includes a second feed conveyor belt, a collection and crusher, a screw feeder, a first fluidized bed, a first cyclone separator and a silo;

[0010] The second feed conveyor belt is used to convey biomass raw materials to the collection and crusher;

[0011] The collection and crusher and the first fluidized bed are connected by a screw feeder;

[0012] The first cyclone separator is located below the first fluidized bed, and the silo is located below the first cyclone separator; the first cyclone separator is connected to the first fluidized bed, the silo is connected to the first cyclone separator, and the silo is also connected to the pyrolysis device through the first feed conveyor belt.

[0013] Optionally, the pyrolysis device includes a pyrolysis feed inlet, a third feed conveyor belt, a second fluidized bed, and a second cyclone separator;

[0014] The pyrolysis feed inlet is connected to the pretreatment device through the first feed conveyor belt, the pyrolysis feed inlet is connected to the second fluidized bed through the third feed conveyor belt, and the second fluidized bed is connected to the second cyclone separator.

[0015] Optionally, the second fluidized bed is a bubbling fluidized bed.

[0016] Optionally, the biomass carbonization device further includes a flue gas filtration device, and the flue gas filtration device is connected to the pyrolysis device;

[0017] The flue gas filtration device is used to filter the pyrolysis steam obtained by pyrolysis of the pyrolysis device.

[0018] Optionally, the flue gas filtration device includes a combustion chamber and a filter;

[0019] The inlet of the combustion chamber is connected to the second cyclone separator of the pyrolysis device, and the outlet of the combustion chamber is connected to the inlet of the filter.

[0020] Optionally, the biomass carbonization device further includes a heat recovery device;

[0021] The inlet of the heat recovery device is connected to the outlet of the filter, and the outlet of the heat recovery device is respectively connected to the first fluidized bed of the pretreatment device and the second fluidized bed of the pyrolysis device.

[0022] Optionally, the heat recovery device includes a blower, a first ventilation pipeline, and a second ventilation pipeline;

[0023] The inlet of the blower is connected to the outlet of the filter, the outlet of the blower is respectively connected to one end of the first ventilation pipeline and one end of the second ventilation pipeline, the other end of the first ventilation pipeline is connected to the air inlet of the first fluidized bed, and the other end of the second ventilation pipeline is connected to the air inlet of the second fluidized bed.

[0024] According to the specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0025] The present invention discloses a transportable biomass carbonization device, which comprises a pretreatment device, a pyrolysis device and a first feeding conveyor belt; the first feeding conveyor belt is detachably connected to the pretreatment device and the pyrolysis device; the pretreatment device and the pyrolysis device are transported by different vehicles respectively. The present invention realizes the combined use and split transportation of the pretreatment device and the pyrolysis device through the detachable first feeding conveyor belt, overcomes the problem that the biomass carbonization device is too large to be transported, realizes the low-cost transportation of the biomass carbonization device, and solves the problem of high storage and transportation cost of biomass raw materials.

[0026] The biomass carbonization device of the present invention abandons the traditional carbonization concepts with low production efficiency, such as fixed beds and rotary drums, and adopts a fluidized bed as the key equipment for carbonization. The biomass raw materials are directly put into the fluidized bed for biomass conversion to obtain biomass carbon products.

[0027] The pyrolysis products of the pyrolysis device of the present invention are biochar and combustible gas. The second cyclone separator is used to separate and collect the pyrolysis products to obtain biochar, and the combustible gas is introduced into the combustion chamber for combustion and filtered by a filter to avoid air pollution.

[0028] The present invention uses a blower to transport the gas after combustion filtration to the first fluidized bed and the second fluidized bed, and uses the combustion heat to provide heat for the pyrolysis process to achieve energy self-balance without external heat energy supply. Description of the Drawings

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required to be used in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a transportable biomass carbonization device provided by the present invention;

[0031] Description of the reference numerals:

[0032] 1. Second feeding conveyor belt; 2. Collection and crusher; 3. Screw feeder; 4. First fluidized bed; 5. First feeding conveyor belt; 6. Pyrolysis feeding port; 7. Third feeding conveyor belt; 8. Second fluidized bed; 9. Second cyclone separator; 10. Combustion chamber; 11. Filter; 12. Blower. Detailed Embodiments

[0033] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0034] The object of the present invention is to provide a transportable biomass carbonization device to solve the problem of high storage and transportation costs of biomass raw materials through the low-cost transportation of the biomass carbonization device itself.

[0035] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0036] An embodiment of the present invention provides a transportable biomass carbonization device, as Figure 1 shown. The biomass carbonization device includes a pretreatment device, a pyrolysis device, and a first feed conveyor belt 5; the first feed conveyor belt 5 is detachably connected to the pretreatment device and the pyrolysis device; the pretreatment device and the pyrolysis device are transported by different vehicles respectively. The present invention realizes the combined use and split transportation of the pretreatment device and the pyrolysis device through the detachable first feed conveyor belt 5, overcomes the problem that the biomass carbonization device is too large to be transported, realizes the low-cost transportation of the biomass carbonization device, and solves the problem of high storage and transportation costs of biomass raw materials. The embodiment of the present invention adopts a transportable biomass carbonization device, avoids the high-cost transportation of biomass resources by performing low-cost movement of the equipment, and can realize the large-scale raw material utilization of biomass. At the same time, the biochar prepared by the biomass carbonization device has a wide range of uses and can be used for soil modification, sewage treatment, preparation of activated carbon, etc. And the carbon element in the biochar comes from the atmosphere and is net-zero carbon emission during use, so it can replace the coal required for steel smelting.

[0037] As Figure 1 shown, the pretreatment device includes a second feed conveyor belt 1, a collection crusher 2, a screw feeder 3, a first fluidized bed 4, a first cyclone separator ( Figure 1 not shown in the figure) and a silo ( Figure 1(not shown in the figure) The second feeding conveyor belt 1 is used to convey the biomass raw materials to the collecting crusher 2; the collecting crusher 2 and the first fluidized bed 4 are connected by a screw feeder 3; the first cyclone separator is located below the first fluidized bed 4, and the silo is located below the first cyclone separator; the first cyclone separator is connected to the first fluidized bed 4, the silo is connected to the first cyclone separator, and the silo is also connected to the pyrolysis device through the first feeding conveyor belt 5. The pyrolysis device includes a pyrolysis feeding port 6, a third feeding conveyor belt 7, a second fluidized bed 8 and a second cyclone separator 9; the pyrolysis feeding port 6 is connected to the pretreatment device through the first feeding conveyor belt 5, the pyrolysis feeding port 6 is connected to the second fluidized bed 8 through the third feeding conveyor belt 7, and the second fluidized bed 8 is connected to the second cyclone separator 9. Exemplarily, the second fluidized bed 8 is a bubbling fluidized bed. In the embodiment of the present invention, the first fluidized bed 4 and the second fluidized bed 8 are used as the key equipment for carbon production, improving the production efficiency of carbon production. And the first cyclone separator and the second cyclone separator 9 are used for separating the solid-gas products, realizing the separate treatment and utilization of the solid-gas products, and avoiding the waste of energy and air pollution.

[0038] In the embodiment of the present invention, a flue gas filtering device is further provided to avoid air pollution caused by flue gas, and a heat recovery device is provided to avoid waste of heat generated during the flue gas treatment process, and to achieve energy self-balance inside the biomass carbonization device.

[0039] Among them, the flue gas filtering device is connected to the pyrolysis device; the flue gas filtering device is used to filter the pyrolysis steam obtained by pyrolysis of the pyrolysis device. Exemplarily, the flue gas filtering device includes a combustion chamber 10 and a filter 11; the inlet of the combustion chamber 10 is connected to the second cyclone separator 9 of the pyrolysis device, and the outlet of the combustion chamber 10 is connected to the inlet of the filter 11.

[0040] The heat recovery device includes a blower 12, a first ventilation pipeline and a second ventilation pipeline; the inlet of the blower 12 is connected to the outlet of the filter 11, the outlet of the blower 12 is respectively connected to one end of the first ventilation pipeline and one end of the second ventilation pipeline, the other end of the first ventilation pipeline is connected to the air inlet of the first fluidized bed 4, and the other end of the second ventilation pipeline is connected to the air inlet of the second fluidized bed 8.

[0041] The working principle of the biomass carbonization device of the present invention is as follows:

[0042] 1. Pretreatment process: The collected biomass raw materials are directly placed on the second feeding conveyor belt 1. After being crushed by the collection crusher 2, the crushed biomass raw materials are sent into the first fluidized bed through the screw feeder 3. The biomass is dried by introducing air (200 - 300 °C). The dried biomass is separated by the first cyclone separator and falls into the silo below. Subsequently, the biomass in the silo is transported at a low speed by the first feeding conveyor belt 5 (driven by the first feeding motor to run the first feeding conveyor belt 5 at a low speed), controlling the raw materials to enter the pyrolysis feeding port 6; the third feeding conveyor belt 7 runs at a high speed (driven by the second feeding motor to run the third feeding conveyor belt 7 at a high speed), ensuring that the biomass materials enter the second fluidized bed.

[0043] 2. Carbonization stage: After the materials enter the second fluidized bed (bubbling fluidized bed), air at a temperature of 500 - 600 °C is introduced. At this time, the materials will undergo pyrolysis. The biochar leaves the pyrolysis furnace along with the pyrolysis steam and enters the downstream second cyclone separator 9 to separate and collect the product biochar. The pyrolysis steam contains macromolecular organic matter steam and small molecular combustible gases (H2, CH4, CO). The unreacted gases are introduced into the burner to burn and release heat.

[0044] 3. After the reburning gas passes through the filter 11, the high-temperature flue gas is sent into the first fluidized bed 4 and the second fluidized bed 8 again through the blower 12, realizing the reuse of the heat energy generated during the pyrolysis process and avoiding the emission of pollutants.

[0045] In the whole reaction process of the biomass carbonization device according to the embodiment of the present invention, no external energy supply is required. The combustible gas generated by pyrolysis in the carbonization furnace burns fully in the combustion chamber 10. The hot air is blown into the first fluidized bed 4 and the second fluidized bed 8 through the blower 12 to maintain the reaction. The biomass raw materials here can be straw, rice husks, and all other combustible agricultural and forestry waste.

[0046] According to the specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the following technical effects are disclosed by the present invention:

[0047] The biomass carbonization device provided by the embodiments of the present invention facilitates large-scale raw material utilization of biomass by enabling low-cost movement of the equipment and avoiding high-cost transportation of resources such as biomass. This realizes a new comprehensive utilization model with low cost, low energy consumption, low emissions, and high efficiency, and also has broad market potential and commercial value. The equipment is miniaturized. A carbonization device that processes 80 tons of biomass resources per day can be entirely moved using two trucks, enabling transfer between different raw material sites. The calorific value of the prepared biomass carbon reaches 25 MJ / kg, higher than 15 MJ / kg of biomass compressed pellets and 24 MJ / kg of honeycomb coal. At the same time, the sulfur content of the product is low, only 0.1%, while that of coke is 0.7%. It can be applied to aspects such as iron and steel smelting, thermal power generation, activated carbon preparation, and sewage treatment, with a wide range of uses.

[0048] Moreover, the biomass carbonization device provided by the embodiments of the present invention also has the following advantages:

[0049] 1) The device achieves energy self-balance without additional fuel costs.

[0050] 2) It has strong raw material adaptability. The biomass carbonization device provided by the embodiments of the present invention can process biomass raw materials such as fruit shells and wood chips in addition to biomass waste in farmland.

[0051] 3) The equipment is compact, efficient, and movable. The biomass carbonization device provided by the embodiments of the present invention has a processing capacity of 3 - 4 tons of biomass per hour and occupies an area of 80 m 2 . The entire set of equipment can be transported by two large trucks, enabling transfer between different raw material sites, thus effectively reducing the transportation cost of biomass raw materials and realizing large-scale collection and utilization of biomass raw materials.

[0052] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments, and the same or similar parts among the embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0053] Specific examples are used in this article to elaborate on the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core idea; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scopes according to the idea of the present invention. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims

1. A transportable biomass carbonization device, characterized in that, The biomass carbonization device includes: a pretreatment device, a pyrolysis device, and a first feeding conveyor belt; The first feeding conveyor belt is detachably connected to the pretreatment device and the pyrolysis device; the pretreatment device and the pyrolysis device are transported by different vehicles respectively; The pretreatment device includes a second feeding conveyor belt, a collection crusher, a screw feeder, a first fluidized bed, a first cyclone separator, and a silo; The second feeding conveyor belt is used to transport biomass raw materials to the collection crusher; The collection crusher and the first fluidized bed are connected by a screw feeder; The first cyclone separator is located below the first fluidized bed, and the silo is located below the first cyclone separator; the first cyclone separator is connected to the first fluidized bed, the silo is connected to the first cyclone separator, and the silo is also connected to the pyrolysis device through the first feeding conveyor belt; The pyrolysis device includes a pyrolysis feeding port, a third feeding conveyor belt, a second fluidized bed, and a second cyclone separator; The pyrolysis feeding port is connected to the pretreatment device through the first feeding conveyor belt, the pyrolysis feeding port is connected to the second fluidized bed through the third feeding conveyor belt, and the second fluidized bed is connected to the second cyclone separator; The second fluidized bed is a bubbling fluidized bed.

2. The transportable biomass carbonization device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The biomass carbonization device further includes a flue gas filtering device, and the flue gas filtering device is connected to the pyrolysis device; The flue gas filtering device is used to filter the pyrolysis steam obtained by pyrolyzing the pyrolysis device.

3. The transportable biomass carbonization device according to claim 2, wherein, The flue gas filtering device includes a combustion chamber and a filter; The inlet of the combustion chamber is connected to the second cyclone separator of the pyrolysis device, and the outlet of the combustion chamber is connected to the inlet of the filter.

4. The transportable biomass carbonization device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The biomass carbonization device further includes a heat recovery device; The inlet of the heat recovery device is connected to the outlet of the filter, and the outlet of the heat recovery device is respectively connected to the first fluidized bed of the pretreatment device and the second fluidized bed of the pyrolysis device.

5. The transportable biomass carbonization device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The heat recovery device includes a blower, a first ventilation pipeline, and a second ventilation pipeline; The inlet of the blower is connected to the outlet of the filter, the outlet of the blower is respectively connected to one end of the first ventilation pipeline and one end of the second ventilation pipeline, the other end of the first ventilation pipeline is connected to the air inlet of the first fluidized bed, and the other end of the second ventilation pipeline is connected to the air inlet of the second fluidized bed.

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