A YL movable and fixed blade combined rape straw stubble crushing and field returning knife roller

Abstract

The present invention discloses a Y-L movable and fixed blade combined rape straw stubble crushing and returning to the field knife roller, comprising a knife shaft and a Y-L combined movable and fixed blade, a plurality of knife seats and limit plates being welded at equal intervals and staggered on the circumferential surface of the knife shaft, and two limit plates being arranged equidistantly from the knife seat on both sides of each knife seat; the Y-L combined movable and fixed blade comprises a Y-shaped fixed blade and an L-shaped flinging blade, the Y-shaped fixed blade being embedded in the opening of each knife seat, and the L-shaped flinging blades being respectively installed in two clamping grooves formed by the side wall of each knife seat and the two limit plates; the Y-shaped fixed blade, the L-shaped flinging blade, the knife seat and the limit plates are all provided with mounting holes at the same axial straight line position, and the various components are fixed together by screwing nuts with bolts; the Y-shaped fixed blade and the L-shaped flinging blade are both provided with front and rear double-edged blades, and the two L-shaped flinging blades on each knife seat are bent in opposite directions. The present invention solves the problems of low qualified shredding rate, poor shredding effect, difficulty in completely crushing stubble and high power consumption of various existing straw crushing tools for returning to the field.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and more particularly relates to a YL movable and fixed blade combined rape straw stubble crushing and field returning knife roller. Background Art

[0002] The large amount of rapeseed straw, high straw-to-grain ratio, thick stalk diameter, and numerous, long, and extensive root systems make it difficult to bury and decompose after returning rapeseed straw to the fields, prone to congestion, and creating significant resistance. Because rapeseed straw is rich in chemical elements and acts as a natural fertilizer for the soil, returning it to the fields is the optimal treatment method. To address the thick stalks and complex root systems, a composite blade roller is used to pulverize and dispose of the stalks. This process transforms waste into valuable resources, improves resource utilization, and protects the environment by improving soil quality.

[0003] For example, patent application number 201910224423.4 discloses a straw shredding and returning to the field beating knife roller assembly. By providing a spiral barrier and shredding and beating blades, it effectively prevents straw from tangling around the blade shaft and other components, ensuring that tangling is largely eliminated during operation and improving production efficiency. However, this knife roller assembly cannot meet the needs of targeted stubble and straw removal and does not address the fundamental shredding problem.

[0004] For example, the invention patent with application number 201710888237.1 discloses a straw stubble crushing and returning machine to the field, which includes a frame, a power transmission system, a wedge-shaped trenching shovel, a picking and crushing mechanism, and a covering and suppressing system. The machine has a simple structure, is easy to operate, is economical and applicable, and is suitable for crushing straw stubble and returning it to the field. The wedge-shaped trenching shovel in the front can realize the excavation of the stubble, and the picking and crushing mechanism in the back can not only realize the picking and crushing of the straw stubble, but also realize the covering and suppressing system to overturn the crushed stubble, bury it in the soil, and then perform land leveling and suppression. However, the trenching shovel causes the center of gravity of the whole machine to be biased towards the stubble crushing, while ignoring the threshing blade for crushing a large area of straw on the surface. At the same time, the whole machine has a complex structure and high power consumption. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the defects of the above-mentioned prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a YL movable and fixed blade combined rapeseed straw stubble crushing and returning to the field knife roller, which solves the problems of low shredding qualification rate, poor shredding effect, difficulty in crushing the stubble and high power consumption of various existing straw crushing knives of returning to the field machines.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical measures:

[0007] The YL movable and fixed blade combined rape straw stubble crushing and returning knife roller of the present invention comprises a knife shaft and a YL combined movable and fixed knife, a plurality of knife seats and limit plates are welded on the circumferential surface of the knife shaft at equal intervals, and two limit plates are arranged at both sides of each knife seat at equal intervals from the knife seat; the YL combined movable and fixed knife comprises a Y-shaped fixed knife and an L-shaped swing knife, the Y-shaped fixed knife is embedded in the opening of each knife seat, and the L-shaped swing knives are respectively installed in the two clamping grooves formed by the side wall of each knife seat and the two limit plates; the Y-shaped fixed knife, L-shaped swing knife, knife seat and limit plate are all provided with mounting holes in the same axial straight line position, and bolts pass through the limit plate on the right side, the L-shaped swing knife on the right side, the knife seat, the Y-shaped fixed knife, the L-shaped swing knife on the left side and the limit plate on the left side in sequence, and the nuts are screwed together to fix the components together; the Y-shaped fixed knife and the L-shaped swing knife are both provided with front and rear double-edged settings, and the bending directions of the two L-shaped swing knives on each knife seat are opposite.

[0008] Furthermore, the Y-shaped fixed knife is structurally divided into an upper bent part, a middle straight knife part, and a bottom fixed part. The Y-shaped fixed knife is nested in the knife seat through its bottom fixed part. The upper bent part of the Y-shaped fixed knife adopts a double-edged fine-bladed setting, and the middle straight knife part adopts a double-edged coarse-bladed setting; the thickness of the Y-shaped fixed knife increases in width and thickness from top to bottom.

[0009] Preferably, the L-shaped swing knife is structurally divided into an upper bent part, a middle straight knife part, and a bottom fixed part. The upper bent part of the L-shaped swing knife is sharpened by a double-edged fine-edged method, and the middle straight knife part is a double-edged coarse-edged blunt blade; the upper bent part of the L-shaped swing knife is thinner than the middle straight knife part.

[0010] Furthermore, the bending angle of the Y-shaped fixed knife is greater than the bending angle of the L-shaped swinging knife, and the length of the Y-shaped fixed knife is shorter than the length of the L-shaped swinging knife.

[0011] Furthermore, the thickness of the upper bent portion of the Y-shaped fixed knife is greater than the thickness of the upper bent portion of the L-shaped swinging knife.

[0012] Preferably, the tool holder and YL combined movable and fixed tools are arranged in three rows along the axial direction of the tool shaft on the circumferential surface of the tool shaft, and the angle between two adjacent rows is 120°; the distance between two adjacent tool holders in each row is 150 mm, and the distance between two adjacent tool holders in different rows in the axial direction is 75 mm.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and effects:

[0014] Firstly, the design of the YL combined movable and fixed cutters draws on the chopping characteristics of the crushing flail for straw and the crushing effect of the rotary tillage knife on the underground stubble. It can crush the surface straw and underground stubble of crops in one operation, effectively avoiding the phenomenon of the tillage machine working multiple times.

[0015] Secondly, the tool thickness, blade sharpening method, working width, deflection angle and other parameters are improved based on traditional tools, overcoming the shortcomings of traditional tools such as missing stubble and straw, and straw being drawn into the tool gap. The front and rear double-bladed design realizes the straw cutting, throwing and cutting processes, improves the crushing effect, and reduces the resistance to returning straw to the field.

[0016] Third, the YL combined movable and fixed cutters draw on the data obtained from the biological characteristics measurement test of rapeseed straw, and adopt an equidistant and staggered arrangement of cutters to achieve gap-free and full-coverage crushing within the radial working range of the cutter roller. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the YL movable and fixed blade combined rape straw stubble crushing and field returning knife roller of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the YL combined movable and fixed tool of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the L-shaped flail knife of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the Y-shaped fixed knife of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the arrangement of the YL combined movable and fixed cutting tools of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a sampling diagram of rapeseed stems and roots.

[0023] In the figure: 1- knife shaft; 2- nut; 3- bolt; 4- Y-type fixed knife; 5- L-type swing knife; 6- limit plate; 7- knife holder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] like Figures 1 to 6As shown, the YL combined movable and fixed blade rapeseed straw stubble pulverizing and returning blade roller of the present invention includes a blade shaft 1, a YL combined movable and fixed blade, a blade holder 7, and a limit plate 6. Multiple blade holders 7 and limit plates 6 are welded to the circumferential surface of the blade shaft 1 in an evenly spaced and staggered manner. The limit plates 6 are evenly welded on both sides of each blade holder 7. The YL combined movable and fixed blade includes a Y-shaped fixed blade 4 and an L-shaped swinging blade 5. During installation, the Y-shaped fixed blade 4 is embedded in the opening of the blade holder 7, and the L-shaped flinging blade 5 is respectively installed in the clamping groove formed by the two side surfaces of the blade holder 7 and the two limit plates 6. The Y-shaped fixed blade 4, L-shaped flinging blade 5, blade holder 7 and limit plates 6 all have mounting holes in the same axial straight line position. The Y-shaped fixed blade 4, L-shaped flinging blade 5, blade holder 7 and limit plates 6 all have mounting holes in the same axial straight line position. The bolt 3 passes through the limit plate on the right, the L-shaped flinging blade on the right, the blade holder 7, the Y-shaped fixed blade 4, the L-shaped flinging blade on the left, and the limit plate on the left, and the nut 2 is screwed together to fix the various components together. The fixing method of the cutting tool on the cutter shaft 1 can realize the function of quickly replacing other types of cutting tools for different crops. The cutter shaft 1 is welded with the cutter holder 7 and limit plates 6 to allow different types of cutting tools to be installed, so that the cutting tool can be used for different types of crop straw.

[0025] See Figure 3 and Figure 4 The L-shaped fling knife 5 can be structurally divided into three sections, namely the upper bent part, the middle straight knife part, and the bottom fixed part. There is one L-shaped fling knife 5 on the left and right sides of each knife seat 7. The two L-shaped fling knives 5 have opposite bending directions and are fixed on the knife shaft 1. The upper bent part of the L-shaped fling knife 5 is sharpened with a double-edged fine edge, which is relatively sharp and conducive to obtaining a better straw cutting effect. The middle straight knife part is a blunt blade with a double-edged rough edge, which is conducive to obtaining a larger hammering impact force. In terms of tool thickness, the upper bent part of the L-shaped fling knife 5 is thinner than the middle straight knife part of the L-shaped fling knife 5 to avoid tool failure.

[0026] The Y-shaped fixed blade 4 is structurally divided into three sections: an upper curved portion, a middle straight blade portion, and a bottom fixed portion. There is only one Y-shaped fixed blade 4 in each blade holder 7, located between the two L-shaped swinging blades 5. The Y-shaped fixed blade 4 is nested in the blade holder 7 via its bottom fixed portion. The upper curved portion of the Y-shaped fixed blade 4 adopts a double-edged fine-edge design, which is sharper and facilitates better root stubble cutting. The middle straight blade portion adopts a double-edged coarse-edge design, which facilitates better hammering of root stubble. The thickness of the Y-shaped fixed blade 4 increases from top to bottom to prevent blade failure.

[0027] like Figure 1As shown, the Y-shaped fixed knife 4 and the L-shaped swing knife 5 both adopt a front and rear double-edged design, which avoids the problem of changing the knife direction when the knife shaft 1 rotates forward and reverse. It not only realizes the full coverage of straw return to the field without missing any stubble, but also realizes the secondary crushing of rapeseed straw in space and time. According to the different cutting parts of the two knives, the bending part is fine-edged and the straight knife part is coarse-edged. This design not only improves the working effect, but also reduces knife wear and increases knife life.

[0028] The Y-shaped fixed knife 4 and the L-shaped swing knife 5 are designed so that the thickness of the bent portion is smaller than that of the straight knife portion, so as to ensure that the impact hammering action of the straight knife during operation does not cause the tool to fail.

[0029] In addition, the bending angle of the Y-shaped fixed blade 4 is greater than that of the L-shaped fling blade 5, and the blade length of the Y-shaped fixed blade 4 is shorter than that of the L-shaped fling blade 5. This design objective is to ensure that the Y-shaped fixed blade 4 primarily cuts stubble and secondary stalks, while the L-shaped fling blade 5 primarily cuts stubble and secondary stubble, with the two blades having clear divisions of labor, achieves simultaneous stubble and straw crushing. The thickness of the upper curved portion of the Y-shaped fixed blade 4 is greater than that of the upper curved portion of the L-shaped fling blade 5, which facilitates smoother soil insertion of the Y-shaped fixed blade 4 and more significant cutting effect of the L-shaped fling blade 5.

[0030] The working width of the Y-shaped fixed blade 4 is smaller than that of the L-shaped swinging blade 5, which can further highlight the cutting effect and scattering effect of the L-shaped swinging blade 5 on the lying straw.

[0031] The Y-shaped fixed blade 4 and the L-shaped swinging blade 5 are made of the same material and have the same working parameters. They also have a front and rear double-edged design. The straight blades of the two have the same thickness, blade angle, and installation dimensions and methods. The edge of the L-shaped swinging blade 5 at the upper bend is sharper than that of the Y-shaped fixed blade 4. This blade sharpening method ensures that both tools perform effectively in their respective jobs, cutting stably and reducing power consumption. The front and rear double-edged design ensures that the blade shaft can work in both forward and reverse directions without repeated disassembly and assembly. On the other hand, when straw is thrown into the air, the edge of the non-working surface can achieve repeated crushing of the straw, ensuring the crushing effect.

[0032] According to the rape straw measurement test, the average column spacing is 7.18 cm, the average diameters at 0, 15, and 30 cm from the ground are 1.89, 1.70, and 1.48 cm respectively, the average root length is 18.40 cm, and the average main root thickness is 1.79 cm. In order to meet the straw return operation supported by the above parameters, the YL movable and fixed knife combined rape straw stubble crushing and returning knife roller of the present invention adopts an equidistant and staggered knife arrangement. The knife seat 7 and the YL combined movable and fixed knife are arranged in three rows along the axial direction of the knife shaft 1 on the circumferential surface of the knife shaft 1, and the angle between two adjacent rows is 120°. The distance between two adjacent knife seats 7 in each row is 150 mm, and the interval between two adjacent knife seats 7 in different rows in the axial direction is 75 mm.

[0033] Below, refer to Figures 1 to 5 Combined with the description of the above structural features, the working principle of the YL movable and fixed blade combined rape straw stubble crushing and returning blade roller of the present invention is briefly described:

[0034] During operation, one end of the cutter shaft 1 is connected to the output shaft of the gearbox, and the cutter shaft 1 is driven to rotate by the external drive gearbox. Due to the locking effect of the bolt 3 and the nut 2, the Y-shaped fixed blade 4 is perpendicular to the contact plane with the cutter shaft 1 and rotates with the cutter shaft 1. The L-shaped swing blade 5 is also perpendicular to the contact plane with the cutter shaft 1 and rotates with the cutter shaft 1 due to the action of rotational inertia. The bent part of the cutter head of the Y-shaped fixed blade 4 is buried in the soil. When in contact with the soil, the L-shaped swing blade 5 is dragged on the surface due to the contact force with the soil. When the cutter shaft 1 rotates until the L-shaped swing blade 5 is separated from the ground, the L-shaped swing blade 5 returns to a state of being perpendicular to the contact surface of the cutter shaft 1; in the above working process, the Y-shaped fixed blade 4 cuts upright and fallen straw on the surface when it is not buried in the soil, and cuts stubble when it is buried in the soil; the L-shaped swing blade 5 cuts upright straw on the surface when it is not in contact with the ground, and cuts fallen straw and shallow stubble on the surface after contacting the soil. The design of this invention effectively realizes the division of labor and crushing of crop straw and stubble, maximizes the function of the tool, and thus optimizes the crushing effect.

[0035] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be understood by anyone familiar with the technology within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A YL combined movable and fixed blade rape straw stubble crushing and returning to the field knife roller, comprising a knife shaft and a YL combined movable and fixed blade, characterized by: A plurality of tool seats and limit plates are welded on the circumferential surface of the tool shaft in an equidistant and staggered manner, and two limit plates are provided on both sides of each tool seat at an equidistant distance from the tool seat; The YL combined movable fixed tool comprises a Y-shaped fixed knife and an L-shaped swinging knife, the Y-shaped fixed knife is embedded in the opening of each knife seat, and the L-shaped swinging knife is respectively installed in the two clamping grooves formed by the side wall of each knife seat and the two limiting plates; the Y-shaped fixed knife, L-shaped swinging knife, knife seat and limiting plate are all provided with mounting holes in the same axial straight line position, and bolts pass through the limiting plate on the right side, the L-shaped swinging knife on the right side, the knife seat, the Y-shaped fixed knife, the L-shaped swinging knife on the left side, and the limiting plate on the left side in sequence, and the nuts are screwed in to fix the components together; The Y-shaped fixed knife and L-shaped swing knife are both equipped with front and back double-edged blades, and the two L-shaped swing knives on each knife seat are bent in opposite directions; The Y-shaped fixed knife is structurally divided into an upper bent portion, a middle straight knife portion, and a bottom fixed portion. The Y-shaped fixed knife is nested in the knife seat through its bottom fixed portion. The upper bent portion of the Y-shaped fixed knife adopts a double-edged fine edge setting, and the middle straight knife portion adopts a double-edged coarse edge setting. The thickness of the Y-shaped fixed knife increases in width and thickness from top to bottom. The L-shaped fling knife is structurally divided into an upper bent portion, a middle straight blade portion, and a bottom fixed portion. The upper bent portion of the L-shaped fling knife is sharpened with a double-edged fine edge, while the middle straight blade portion is a double-edged rough edge blunt edge. The upper bent portion of the L-shaped fling knife is thinner than the middle straight blade portion. The bending angle of the Y-shaped fixed knife is greater than the bending angle of the L-shaped swing knife, and the length of the Y-shaped fixed knife is shorter than the length of the L-shaped swing knife.

2. The YL movable and fixed blade combined rape straw stubble crushing and returning to the field blade roller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the upper bent portion of the Y-shaped fixed knife is greater than the thickness of the upper bent portion of the L-shaped swinging knife.

3. The YL movable and fixed blade combined rape straw stubble crushing and returning to the field blade roller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool holders and YL combined movable and fixed tools are arranged in three rows along the axial direction of the tool shaft on the circumferential surface of the tool shaft, and the angle between two adjacent rows is 120°; the distance between two adjacent tool holders in each row is 150 mm, and the distance between two adjacent tool holders in different rows in the axial direction is 75 mm.

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