A sputum collector

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of medical device technology, and specifically to a sputum collector, including: a collection jar, an inner cover, a middle cover, and a top cover. The present invention adopts a combined cover assembly mode of the top cover, the middle cover, and the inner cover, which can quickly switch between the connected and blocked states by rotating, so that the collection jar can always be used as a sputum suction collection container, which is convenient and fast to operate, convenient and practical. The sleeve connection between the top cover and the middle cover is a detachable structural design. After the final negative pressure suction sputum operation is completed, the through hole I is directly opposite to the rotating shaft clamp, and the top cover can be detached by pulling hard. When the suction is completed, the top cover can be removed. At this time, the middle cover and the inner cover are also in a blocked state. The steps are simple and the operation is convenient. At the same time, the middle cover always blocks the inner cover, and the sputum will not leak and cause pollution. The entire process can ensure the maximum degree of safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to a sputum collector. Background Art

[0002] In medical work, bacterial culture and drug sensitivity testing of sputum is an important means to find the types of respiratory bacterial infections and guide clinical treatment plans. The correctness of clinical sputum culture specimen collection will directly affect the accuracy of the test results. Most patients who are generally conscious can cough sputum into the specimen container on their own. Patients with impaired consciousness, weak cough, loss of cough reflex, endotracheal intubation or tracheotomy cannot cough up sputum on their own due to decreased ability to clear the respiratory tract. Negative pressure suction devices are usually used to suction sputum to keep the respiratory tract open. There are also corresponding collectors for the collection of sputum culture specimens from such patients.

[0003] At present, the existing sputum collector products have the following problems:

[0004] 1. Ineffective sealing: When the sputum is collected, the top cover needs to be opened. At this time, the specimen is in direct contact with the outside air, increasing the risk of cross-contamination between the specimen and the environment;

[0005] 2. Inconvenient operation: After suctioning, first rotate and remove the top cover, then remove it, and finally close the container mouth with the original lower cover. The cover needs to be rotated 3 times;

[0006] 3. The sputum collection container and the sputum suction connector are separate and require two hands to hold and operate respectively;

[0007] 4. There is no protective cover, gloves need to be worn during operation, and the tube body is exposed and easily contaminated. Summary of the invention

[0008] To solve the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a sputum collector.

[0009] The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0010] The present invention provides a sputum collector, comprising: a collection jar, an inner cover, a middle cover, and a top cover;

[0011] The inner cover is detachably arranged on the mouth of the collection jar; an elastic clamp is arranged at the center of the upper end surface of the inner cover; two through holes are arranged on the inner cover at 180° with the elastic clamp as the center, which are respectively a sputum suction hole and an air inlet hole; two hemispherical concave surfaces are arranged on the upper end surface of the inner cover at 180° with the elastic clamp as the center, and two rotating shaft clamps are arranged at 180° with the elastic clamp as the center;

[0012] A pin hole is provided at the center of the middle cover; two through holes are provided on the middle cover at 180° with the pin hole as the center, and two slide grooves I are provided at 180° with the pin hole as the center; two hemispherical convex surfaces are provided on the lower end surface of the middle cover at 180° with the pin hole as the center, and two fixing pins are provided on the upper end surface of the middle cover at 180° with the pin hole as the center; the end of the slide groove I is provided with a through hole I;

[0013] A clearance hole is provided at the center of the top cover; two through holes are provided on the top cover at 180° with the clearance hole as the center, which are the air inlet pipe interface and the sputum suction pipe interface respectively; two fixing holes are provided on the top cover at 180° with the clearance hole as the center, and two slide grooves II are provided at 180° with the clearance hole as the center; the end of the slide groove I is set as a through hole II;

[0014] During installation, the inner cover, the middle cover and the top cover are stacked from bottom to top in sequence. The elastic clamp passes through the pin hole and is accommodated in the clearance hole. The fixing pin passes through the fixing hole. The slide groove I and the through hole I correspond to the slide groove II and the through hole II respectively. The shaft clamp passes through the through hole I and the through hole II and can slide freely in the slide groove I and the slide groove II.

[0015] When the shaft clamp is located in the first position of slide groove I and slide groove II, the through hole of the middle cover faces the hemispherical concave surface of the upper end face of the inner cover, and the through hole of the inner cover faces the lower end face of the middle cover, and the middle cover and the inner cover are in a non-connected blocked state; after the shaft clamp rotates a preset angle in slide groove I and slide groove II, the through hole of the middle cover faces the through hole of the inner cover, and the hemispherical convex surface of the lower end face of the middle cover faces the hemispherical concave surface of the upper end face of the inner cover, and the middle cover and the inner cover are in a connected sputum suction state.

[0016] Furthermore, a mark I is provided on the inner cover, the arcs of the slide grooves I and II are 120°, and marks II, III, and IV are provided on the top cover corresponding to the beginning, end, and middle of the slide groove II, respectively, and the intervals of marks II, III, and IV are 60° in sequence;

[0017] When the shaft clamp is located at mark Ⅰ corresponding to mark Ⅱ, the through hole of the middle cover faces the hemispherical concave surface of the upper end face of the inner cover, the through hole of the inner cover faces the lower end face of the middle cover, and the middle cover and the inner cover are in a blocked state without connection; when the shaft clamp is rotated to mark Ⅰ corresponding to mark Ⅲ, the through hole of the middle cover faces the through hole of the inner cover, the hemispherical convex surface of the lower end face of the middle cover faces the hemispherical concave surface of the upper end face of the inner cover, and the middle cover and the inner cover are in a connected sputum suction state; when the shaft clamp is rotated to mark Ⅰ corresponding to mark Ⅳ, the through hole of the middle cover faces the upper end face of the inner cover, and the middle cover and the inner cover are in a blocked state without connection.

[0018] Furthermore, the line connecting the two rotating shaft clamps in the inner cover is perpendicular to the line connecting the two through holes thereon; the line connecting the two hemispherical concave surfaces is 30° apart from the line connecting the two rotating shaft clamps; the two fixing pins in the middle cover are distributed in a straight line with the two through holes thereon, and the slide groove I is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the center of the line connecting the two through holes in the middle cover; the mark I is arranged in an upper and lower position corresponding to one of the rotating shaft clamps.

[0019] Furthermore, a mark I is provided on the inner cover, the arc of the slide groove I and the slide groove II is 60°, and a mark V and a mark VI are provided on the top cover at the beginning and the end of the slide groove II, respectively, and the interval between V and VI is 60°;

[0020] When the shaft clamp is located at mark Ⅰ corresponding to mark Ⅴ, the through hole of the middle cover faces the through hole of the inner cover, the hemispherical convex surface of the lower end face of the middle cover faces the hemispherical concave surface of the upper end face of the inner cover, and the middle cover and the inner cover are in a connected sputum suction state; when the shaft clamp is rotated to mark Ⅰ corresponding to mark Ⅵ, the through hole of the middle cover faces the upper end face of the inner cover, and the middle cover and the inner cover are in a non-connected blocked state.

[0021] Furthermore, the two rotating shaft clamps in the inner cover are distributed in a straight line with the two hemispherical concave surfaces, and the line connecting the two rotating shaft clamps and the line connecting the two through holes in the inner cover are 60° apart; the two fixing pins in the middle cover are distributed in a straight line with the two through holes thereon, and the slide groove I is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the center of the line connecting the two through holes in the middle cover; the mark I is arranged in an upper and lower position corresponding to one of the rotating shaft clamps.

[0022] Furthermore, mark I is an equilateral triangle structure, and marks II, III, IV, V, and VI are inverted triangle structures.

[0023] Furthermore, a locking ring strip is provided on the inner cover, a retaining edge is provided at the lower end port of the middle cover, and a ring groove is provided on the circumferential inner wall of the middle cover; when the middle cover is sleeved on the outside of the inner cover, the ring groove is matched with the locking ring strip; a notch groove is provided inwardly from the circumferential wall of the middle cover at the port.

[0024] Furthermore, the elastic clamp is a hemispherical mushroom head fixed on the upper end of the overall cylindrical structure, and is divided into two parts from the middle position, with a thin gap between the two halves from the top part to the root.

[0025] Furthermore, the sputum suction hole and the air inlet hole are respectively provided with a sputum suction inner joint and an air inlet inner joint downwardly on the inner bottom surface of the inner cover, and a sealing convex strip is provided on the inner bottom surface of the inner cover.

[0026] Furthermore, an upwardly protruding arc-shaped reinforcement rib is provided at the edge of the upper end of the slide groove II, and the arc-shaped reinforcement rib gradually decreases until it disappears near the position of the through hole II; a boss is provided in the middle position of the upper end surface of the top cover, and two through holes connected to the through holes of the top cover are provided on the boss, and a tightening sleeve clamp is connected to one of the through holes of the boss, and the upper end of the tightening sleeve clamp is a sputum suction pipe joint, and the other through hole of the boss is an air intake pipe joint.

[0027] The sputum collector of the present invention adopts a combined cover assembly mode of a top cover, a middle cover, and an inner cover, which can quickly switch between the connected and blocked states by rotating, so that the collection jar can always be used as a sputum suction collection container, which is convenient and fast to operate, convenient and practical. The sleeve connection between the top cover and the middle cover is a detachable structural design. After the final negative pressure suction sputum operation is completed, the through hole I is directly opposite to the rotating shaft clamp, and the top cover can be separated by pulling hard. When the suction is completed, the top cover can be removed. At this time, the middle cover and the inner cover are also in a blocked state. The steps are simple and the operation is convenient. At the same time, the middle cover always blocks the inner cover, and the sputum will not leak and cause pollution. The whole process can ensure the maximum degree of safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0029] Figure 1 This is the overall structure diagram of the sputum collector technical solution 1 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a structural exploded view of the sputum collector technical solution 1 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the sputum collector in the technical solution 1 of the present invention when the mark I is rotated to the mark II state;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the sputum collector in the technical solution 1 of the present invention when the mark I is rotated to the mark III state;

[0033] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the sputum collector in the technical solution 1 of the present invention when the mark I is rotated to the mark IV state;

[0034] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional view of the combined cover in the technical solution 1 of the sputum collector of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Exploded view of the structure;

[0036] Figure 8 It is a structural diagram of a top cover at one angle in the technical solution 1 of the sputum collector of the present invention;

[0037] Fig. 9 It is a structural diagram of another angle of the top cover in the technical solution 1 of the sputum collector of the present invention;

[0038] Fig.10 It is a structural diagram of a middle cover at one angle in the technical solution 1 of the sputum collector of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.11 It is a structural diagram of another angle of the middle cover in the technical solution 1 of the sputum collector of the present invention;

[0040] Fig.12 It is a cross-sectional view of the inner cover in the technical solution 1 of the sputum collector of the present invention;

[0041] Fig.13 It is a structural diagram of the inner cover in the technical solution 1 of the sputum collector of the present invention;

[0042] Fig.14 This is a top view of the inner cover in the first technical solution of the sputum collector of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.15 This is a bottom-up perspective view of the middle cover in the first technical solution of the sputum collector of the present invention;

[0044] Fig.16 This is the overall structure diagram of the second technical solution of the sputum collector of the present invention;

[0045] Fig.17 It is an exploded view of the combined cover in the second technical solution of the sputum collector of the present invention;

[0046] Fig.18 It is a structural diagram of the top cover in the second technical solution of the sputum collector of the present invention;

[0047] Fig.19 This is a top view of the inner cover in the second technical solution of the sputum collector of the present invention;

[0048] Fig. 20 This is a bottom-up perspective view of the middle cover in the second technical solution of the sputum collector of the present invention;

[0049] The figures are marked as follows: 1. Collection can; 2. Inner cover; 3. Middle cover; 4. Top cover; 5. Elastic clamp; 6. Through hole; 7. Hemispherical concave surface; 8. Shaft clamp; 9. Pin hole; 10. Slide groove I; 11. Hemispherical convex surface; 12. Fixing pin; 13. Through hole I; 14. Clearance hole; 15. Air inlet pipe interface; 16. Suction tube interface; 17. Fixing hole; 18. Slide groove II; 19. Through hole II; 20. Mark Ⅰ; 21. Mark Ⅱ; 22. Mark Ⅲ; 23. Mark Ⅳ; 24. Mark Ⅴ; 25. Mark Ⅵ; 26. Positioning ring strip; 27. Stop edge; 28. Ring groove; 29. ​​Notch groove; 30. Suction internal joint; 31. Inlet internal joint; 32. Sealing convex strip; 33. Arc edge reinforcement rib; 34. Boss; 35. Tightening sleeve clamp; 36. Suction pipe joint; 37. Inlet pipe joint; 38. Strengthening oblique rib. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] like Figures 1 to 20 As shown, a sputum collector according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a collection jar 1, an inner cover 2, a middle cover 3, and a top cover 4;

[0052] The inner cover 2 is detachably arranged on the mouth of the collection jar 1; an elastic clamp 5 is arranged at the center of the upper end surface of the inner cover 2; two through holes 6 are provided on the inner cover 2 at 180° with the elastic clamp 5 as the center, which are respectively a sputum suction hole and an air inlet hole; two hemispherical concave surfaces 7 are arranged on the upper end surface of the inner cover 2 at 180° with the elastic clamp 5 as the center, and two rotating shaft clamps 8 are arranged at 180° with the elastic clamp 5 as the center;

[0053] A pin hole 9 is provided at the center of the middle cover 3; two through holes 6 are provided on the middle cover 3 at 180° with the pin hole 9 as the center, and two slide grooves Ⅰ10 are provided at 180° with the pin hole 9 as the center; two hemispherical convex surfaces 11 are provided on the lower end surface of the middle cover 3 at 180° with the pin hole 9 as the center, and two fixing pins 12 are provided on the upper end surface of the middle cover 3 at 180° with the pin hole 9 as the center; the end of the slide groove Ⅰ10 is provided with a through hole Ⅰ13;

[0054] A clearance hole 14 is provided at the center of the top cover 4; two through holes 6 are provided on the top cover 4 at 180° with the clearance hole 14 as the center, which are respectively an air inlet pipe interface 15 and a sputum suction pipe interface 16; two fixing holes 17 are provided on the top cover 4 at 180° with the clearance hole 14 as the center, and two slide grooves II 18 are provided at 180° with the clearance hole 14 as the center; the end of the slide groove I 10 is set as a through hole II 19;

[0055] During installation, the inner cover 2, the middle cover 3, and the top cover 4 are stacked from bottom to top in sequence, the elastic clamp 5 passes through the pin hole 9 and is accommodated in the clearance hole 14, the fixing pin 12 passes through the fixing hole 17, the slide groove Ⅰ10 and the through hole Ⅰ13 correspond to the slide groove Ⅱ18 and the through hole Ⅱ19 respectively, and the shaft clamp 8 passes through the through hole Ⅰ13 and the through hole Ⅱ19 and can slide freely in the slide groove Ⅰ10 and the slide groove Ⅱ18;

[0056] When the shaft clamp 8 is located in the position of slide groove Ⅰ10 and slide groove Ⅱ18, the through hole 6 of the middle cover 3 is opposite to the hemispherical concave surface 7 on the upper end surface of the inner cover 2, and the through hole 6 of the inner cover 2 is opposite to the lower end surface of the middle cover 3, and the middle cover 3 and the inner cover 2 are in a non-connected blocked state; after the shaft clamp 8 rotates by a preset angle in the slide groove Ⅰ10 and slide groove Ⅱ18, the through hole 6 of the middle cover 3 is opposite to the through hole 6 of the inner cover 2, and the hemispherical convex surface 11 on the lower end surface of the middle cover 3 is opposite to the hemispherical concave surface 7 on the upper end surface of the inner cover 2, and the middle cover 3 and the inner cover 2 are in a connected sputum suction state.

[0057] The sputum collector of the present invention adopts a combined cover assembly mode of the top cover 4, the middle cover 3, and the inner cover 2, which can quickly switch between the connected and blocked states by rotating, so that the collection jar 1 can always be used as a sputum suction collection container, which is convenient and fast to operate, convenient and practical. The sleeve connection of the top cover 4 and the middle cover 3 is a detachable structural design. After the final negative pressure suction sputum operation is completed, the through hole Ⅰ13 is directly opposite to the rotating shaft clamp 8, and it can be separated from the top cover 4 by pulling hard. When the suction is completed, the top cover 4 can be removed. At this time, the middle cover 3 and the inner cover 2 are also in a blocked state. The steps are simple and the operation is convenient. At the same time, the middle cover 3 always blocks the inner cover 2, and the sputum will not leak and cause pollution. The whole process can ensure the maximum degree of safety.

[0058] Among them, the inner cover 2 is provided with a mark Ⅰ20, the arc of the slide groove Ⅰ10 and the slide groove Ⅱ18 is 120°, and the top cover 4 is provided with a mark Ⅱ21, a mark Ⅲ22, and a mark Ⅳ23 at the beginning, end, and middle of the slide groove Ⅱ18, respectively, and the marks Ⅱ21, Ⅲ22, and Ⅳ23 are arranged at intervals of 60° in sequence;

[0059] When the shaft clamp 8 is located at the mark Ⅰ20 corresponding to the mark Ⅱ21, the through hole 6 of the middle cover 3 is opposite to the hemispherical concave surface 7 on the upper end surface of the inner cover 2, and the through hole 6 of the inner cover 2 is opposite to the lower end surface of the middle cover 3, and the middle cover 3 and the inner cover 2 are in a blocked state without communication; when the shaft clamp 8 is rotated to the mark Ⅰ20 corresponding to the mark Ⅲ22, the through hole 6 of the middle cover 3 is opposite to the through hole 6 of the inner cover 2, and the hemispherical convex surface 11 on the lower end surface of the middle cover 3 is opposite to the hemispherical concave surface 7 on the upper end surface of the inner cover 2, and the middle cover 3 and the inner cover 2 are in a connected sputum suction state; when the shaft clamp 8 is rotated to the mark Ⅰ20 corresponding to the mark Ⅳ23, the through hole 6 of the middle cover 3 is opposite to the upper end surface of the inner cover 2, and the middle cover 3 and the inner cover 2 are in a blocked state without communication.

[0060] Among them, the connecting line of the two rotating shaft clamps 8 in the inner cover 2 is perpendicular to the connecting line of the two through holes 6 thereon; the connecting line of the two hemispherical concave surfaces 7 is 30° away from the connecting line of the two rotating shaft clamps 8; the two fixing pins 12 in the middle cover 3 are distributed in a straight line with the two through holes 6 thereon, and the slide groove Ⅰ10 is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the connecting line of the two through holes 6 in the middle cover 3; the mark Ⅰ20 is arranged in an upper and lower position corresponding to one of the rotating shaft clamps 8.

[0061] Among them, the inner cover 2 is provided with a mark Ⅰ20, the arc of the slide groove Ⅰ10 and the slide groove Ⅱ18 is 60°, and the top cover 4 is provided with a mark Ⅴ24 and a mark Ⅵ25 at the beginning and end of the slide groove Ⅱ18, respectively, and the interval between V and the mark Ⅵ25 is 60°;

[0062] When the shaft clamp 8 is located at the mark Ⅰ20 corresponding to the mark Ⅴ24, the through hole 6 of the middle cover 3 is opposite to the through hole 6 of the inner cover 2, the hemispherical convex surface 11 of the lower end surface of the middle cover 3 is opposite to the hemispherical concave surface 7 of the upper end surface of the inner cover 2, and the middle cover 3 and the inner cover 2 are in a connected sputum suction state; when the shaft clamp 8 is rotated to the mark Ⅰ20 corresponding to the mark Ⅵ25, the through hole 6 of the middle cover 3 is opposite to the upper end surface of the inner cover 2, and the middle cover 3 and the inner cover 2 are in a non-connected blocked state.

[0063] Among them, the two rotating shaft clamps 8 in the inner cover 2 are distributed in a straight line with the two hemispherical concave surfaces 7, and the line connecting the two rotating shaft clamps 8 and the line connecting the two through holes 6 in the inner cover 2 are spaced 60° apart; the two fixing pins 12 in the middle cover 3 are distributed in a straight line with the two through holes 6 thereon, and the slide groove Ⅰ10 is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the line connecting the two through holes 6 in the middle cover 3; the mark Ⅰ20 is arranged in an upper and lower position corresponding to one of the rotating shaft clamps 8.

[0064] Among them, the mark Ⅰ20 is an equilateral triangle structure, and the mark Ⅱ21, the mark Ⅲ22, the mark Ⅳ23, the mark Ⅴ24, and the mark Ⅵ25 are inverted triangle structures.

[0065] Among them, a locking ring strip 26 is arranged on the inner cover 2, a retaining edge 27 is arranged at the lower end port of the middle cover 3, and an annular groove 28 is arranged on the circumferential inner wall of the middle cover 3; when the middle cover 3 is sleeved on the outside of the inner cover 2, the annular groove 28 is matched with the locking ring strip 26; the middle cover 3 is provided with a notch groove 29 from the circumferential wall at the port inward.

[0066] The elastic clamp 5 is an integral cylindrical structure with a hemispherical mushroom head fixed on the upper end, and is divided into two halves from the middle position, with a thin gap between the two halves from the top part to the root.

[0067] The sputum suction hole and the air inlet hole are respectively provided with a sputum suction inner joint 30 and an air inlet inner joint 31 facing downward on the inner bottom surface of the inner cover 2 , and a sealing convex strip 32 is provided on the inner bottom surface of the inner cover 2 .

[0068] Among them, an upwardly protruding arc-shaped edge reinforcement rib 33 is provided at the edge position of the upper end of the slide groove Ⅱ18, and the arc-shaped edge reinforcement rib 33 gradually decreases until it disappears near the position of the through hole Ⅱ19; a boss 34 is provided at the middle position of the upper end surface of the top cover 4, and the boss 34 is provided with two through holes 6 connected to the through hole 6 of the top cover 4, and a tightening sleeve clamp 35 is connected to one of the through holes 6 of the boss 34, and the upper end of the tightening sleeve clamp 35 is a sputum suction pipe joint 36, and the other through hole 6 of the boss 34 is an air intake pipe joint 37.

[0069] The sputum collector of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0070] There are two main schemes for symmetrically setting the sputum collector of the present invention, namely 120 degree rotation adjustment and 60 degree rotation adjustment. The overall structure of the sputum collectors with 120 degree rotation adjustment and 60 degree rotation adjustment is similar. The sputum collector with 120 degree rotation adjustment is preferably introduced and described, and this is scheme 1.

[0071] This solution is mainly divided into a collection tank 1, a combination cover, a sputum suction tube, an air inlet pipe, and related joints connected to the sputum suction tube and the air inlet pipe. The collection tank 1 is a cylindrical tank body, and an external thread structure is arranged at the outer periphery of the upper port. The external thread structure is a multi-thread external thread structure. This solution adopts a three-thread thread structure, and the collection tank 1 tank body has a certain depth. A combination cover structure is screwed on the upper part of the collection tank 1 tank body. The combination cover specifically includes an inner cover 2, a middle cover 3, and a top cover 4, which are stacked in sequence from bottom to top.

[0072] The inner cover 2 is in the shape of a cylindrical cover as a whole. A circumferential knurling section protruding outward from the outer wall is arranged on the outer circumference of the circumferential cover opening below the inner cover 2. The overall circumference of the circumferential knurling section is a conical structure with a larger top and a smaller bottom. A circumferential vertical knurling is arranged on the outer side of the circumference. The circumferential outer wall above the knurling section of the inner cover 2 is a straight cylindrical section structure, and a circular ring-shaped retaining ring strip 26 protruding outward is integrally arranged on the circumferential outer wall of the circumferential section. The cross section of the retaining ring strip 26 is a right-angled triangle annular horn structure, the horn is inclined downward, and the bottom edge of the horn is perpendicular to the circumferential outer wall of the inner cover 2. The retaining ring strip 26 acts as a one-way limit.

[0073] An elastic clamp 5 is vertically fixed in the center of the upper end surface of the inner cover 2. The elastic clamp 5 is a hemispherical mushroom head with a larger outer diameter fixed on the upper end of the overall cylindrical structure, and is divided into two from the middle position. From the top to the root, there is a slit of a certain width in the middle of the two halves. The existence of the slit from top to bottom in the middle position gives the elastic clamp 5 a certain elastic property and is used as a fixed clamping position. On the upper end surface of the inner cover 2, outside the elastic clamp 5, two through holes 6 are symmetrically distributed 180 degrees with the elastic clamp 5 as the center. The two through holes 6 run through the inner cover 2 from top to bottom. One of the two through holes 6 is used as a sputum suction hole and the other is used as an air inlet. The sputum suction hole and the air inlet are respectively provided with downwardly protruding cylindrical channels on the inner bottom surface of the inner cover 2. The cylindrical channel of the sputum suction hole is a sputum suction inner joint 30, and the cylindrical channel of the air inlet is an air inlet inner joint 31. The downward axial length of the sputum suction internal joint 30 is longer than that of the air intake internal joint 31 , and the lower end of the sputum suction internal joint 30 is designed to be a conical structure.

[0074] On the upper end surface of the inner cover 2, a hemispherical concave surface 7 is provided at a position rotated 60 degrees counterclockwise from the through hole 6. The hemispherical concave surface 7 is a spherical curved concave with a certain depth. Two hemispherical concave surfaces 7 are also provided symmetrically at 180 degrees. At the center point of the inner cover 2 with the elastic clamp 5 as the center of the circle, the radial distance between the hemispherical concave surface 7 and the elastic clamp 5 is equal to the radial distance between the through hole 6 and the elastic clamp 5. A rotating shaft clamp 8 is fixedly provided at the upper end surface position of the inner cover 2 where the through hole 6 is rotated 90 degrees with the elastic clamp 5 as the center. The radial distance between the rotating shaft clamp 8 and the elastic clamp 5 is greater than the radial distance between the through hole 6 and the elastic clamp 5. The rotating shaft clamp 8 is a cylinder with a certain axial length, and a mushroom-shaped clamp with a larger outer diameter is fixedly provided at the upper end.

[0075] A ring of sealing convex strips 32 is fixedly provided on the bottom surface inside the inner cover 2, and the lower outer end surface of the sealing convex strips 32 is designed to be conical, so that when the inner cover 2 is screwed on the collection tank 1, the sealing convex strips 32 of the ring structure can be expanded and closed at the inner opening of the collection tank 1, achieving a good sealing effect. Multiple vertical knurling positions form a conical circumferential knurling structure, the outer diameter of the conical circumferential knurling structure is larger than the outer diameter of the circumferential wall of the inner cover 2, and the conical circumferential knurling structure is a conical structure with a larger outer diameter at the top and a smaller outer diameter at the bottom. A protruding equilateral triangle structure is fixedly provided on the circumferential cone surface on one side of the conical circumferential knurling, and the protruding equilateral triangle structure is marked as I20.

[0076] The middle cover 3 is sleeved on the outside of the inner cover 2 from above. The middle cover 3 is also in the shape of a round cover. A retaining edge 27 with a flange structure is arranged radially outward at the outer wall of the lower end of the middle cover 3, which is convenient for strengthening the overall structure of the port of the middle cover 3. When the middle cover 3 is sleeved on the outside of the inner cover 2, the lower end of the retaining edge 27 of the middle cover 3 is just located at the upper edge of the knurling section of the inner cover 2. An annular groove 28 is arranged on the inner wall of the circumference of the middle cover 3. The cross section of the annular groove 28 is consistent with the cross section of the retaining ring strip 26 on the inner cover 2. When the middle cover 3 is sleeved on the outside of the inner cover 2, the cooperation of the annular groove 28 and the retaining ring strip 26 can make it easy to put on the middle cover 3, and after being put on, it can play the effect of being unable to be separated from the inner cover 2. A narrow notch groove 29 is provided in the circumferential wall from the port along the axial direction, and a plurality of groups of notch grooves 29 are evenly distributed at the circumferential port of the middle cover 3. The notch groove 29 is provided on the circumferential wall along the axial direction upward to pass over the inner wall annular groove 28 of the circumferential wall. The notch groove 29 can make the circumferential wall of the inner cover 2 have a certain elasticity, so that when the inner cover 2 is sleeved and inserted inside the middle cover 3, the locking ring strip 26 of the circumferential outer wall of the inner cover 2 can be easily inserted into the annular groove 28 of the middle cover 3.

[0077] A circular pin hole 9 is provided at the center of the upper end face of the middle cover 3. The pin hole 9 is used to engage in a clamping action with the elastic clamp head 5 at the center of the upper end face of the inner cover 2, so that the middle cover 3 and the inner cover 2 can rotate relative to each other along the axis, and at the same time, it is convenient for assembly and plays a role of being unable to separate, which is convenient for the stability of the structure after assembly. The pin hole 9 is the center of the middle cover 3, and two through holes 6 are distributed at an angle of 180 on the end face. The radial distance of the two through holes 6 of the middle cover 3 from the center of the end face of the middle cover 3 is the same as the radial distance of the two through holes 6 of the inner cover 2 from the center, and the inner diameter of the holes is also consistent, so that when the inner cover 2 and the middle cover 3 are sleeved, the through holes 6 of the middle cover 3 and the inner cover 2 can overlap in the axial direction.

[0078] A fixing pin 12 is fixedly arranged on the end surface of the through hole 6 at a certain distance outside the middle cover 3 in the same radial direction. The fixing pin 12 is a columnar pin protruding to a certain height. The upper end of the fixing pin 12 is a hemispherical structure. There are also two fixing pins 12 distributed at an angle of 180 degrees from the center of the end surface of the middle cover 3, so that the two through holes 6 are both provided with a fixing pin 12 on the same radial outer side. The end surfaces on both sides of the through hole 6 of the middle cover 3 are provided with arc-shaped slide grooves Ⅰ10 of the same structure. There are also two slide grooves Ⅰ10 distributed at 180 degrees from the center of the end surface. The slide groove Ⅰ10 is an arc-shaped groove, with the arc center at the end surface of the middle cover 3 as the center of the circle. The arc angle of the slide groove Ⅰ10 is 120 degrees. The groove width of the slide groove Ⅰ10 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the cylindrical section of the rotating shaft clamp 8 on the inner cover 2, so that the cylindrical section of the rotating shaft clamp 8 can slide in the slide groove Ⅰ10.

[0079] A through hole Ⅰ13 is provided at the counterclockwise end of the slide groove Ⅰ10. The inner diameter of the through hole Ⅰ13 is larger than the width of the slide groove Ⅰ10, and the inner diameter of the through hole Ⅰ13 is larger than the outer diameter of the mushroom head of the rotating shaft clamp 8 at the upper end of the inner cover 2, so that the mushroom head of the rotating shaft clamp 8 can pass through the through hole Ⅰ13. Two hemispherical convex surfaces 11 structures distributed 180 degrees from the center of the end surface are provided on the inner end surface of the middle cover 3. The radial distance between the hemispherical convex surface 11 and the center of the end surface of the middle cover 3 is equal to the distance between the through hole 6 and the center of the end surface of the middle cover 3, and the hemispherical convex surface 11 is located at an angle position rotated 60 degrees counterclockwise from the through hole 6. The hemispherical convex surface 11 is a spherical curved surface convex structure with a certain depth relative to the through hole 6. The hemispherical convex surface 11 on the inner end surface of the middle cover 3 and the hemispherical concave surface 7 on the upper end surface of the inner cover 2 can achieve convex-concave matching when they are rotated to the upper and lower overlapping positions.

[0080] The top cover 4 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the middle cover 3. The top cover 4 is sleeved on the outside of the middle cover 3 from above the middle cover 3. The end face of the top cover 4 is also provided with a vertically penetrating chute Ⅱ18 and a through hole Ⅱ19. The chute Ⅱ18 is consistent with the groove profile of the chute Ⅰ10 of the middle cover 3. The through hole Ⅱ19 is consistent with the hole inner diameter of the through hole Ⅰ13. The through hole Ⅱ19 is also provided at the end of the counterclockwise side of the chute Ⅱ18. The two chute Ⅱ18 are also symmetrically distributed at an angle of 180 degrees from the center of the end face of the top cover 4. An upwardly protruding arc-shaped reinforcement rib 33 is provided at the upper edge of the chute Ⅱ18. The arc-shaped reinforcement rib 33 gradually decreases until it disappears near the position of the through hole Ⅱ19. The arc-shaped reinforcement rib 33 is used to ensure the overall strength of the end face of the top cover 4 and prevent the top cover 4 from being deformed due to force.

[0081] A boss 34 of a certain height is protruded in the middle position of the upper end surface of the top cover 4, and the end surface of the boss 34 is an oblong structure as a whole. The long ends of the boss 34 on both sides point to the end gaps of the two slide grooves Ⅱ18, and two through holes 6 structures are vertically opened at the two centers of the oblong end surface of the boss 34. The radial distance of the two through holes 6 structures is consistent with the radial distance of the through holes 6 of the middle cover 3 and the inner cover 2. When the inner cover 2, the middle cover 3, and the top cover 4 are successively mounted and fixed with the same axial angle, the three groups of through holes 6 structures are all matched and connected from top to bottom. A cylindrical sleeve-shaped tightening sleeve clamping platform 35 is integrally connected to one of the through holes 6 on the end face of the boss 34 of the top cover 4. The upper end of the tightening sleeve clamping platform 35 is a sputum suction pipe joint 36, and the other through hole 6 is an air intake pipe joint 37, so that the sputum suction pipe joint 36 of the top cover 4 matches the sputum suction inner joint 30 of the inner cover 2, and the air intake pipe joint 37 of the top cover 4 matches the air intake inner joint 31 of the inner cover 2. On the outside of the boss 34 of the top cover 4, two fixing holes 17 with circular hole structures are symmetrically arranged on the end face of the top cover 4 along the long axis direction. The radial distance between the fixing hole 17 and the center is equal to the distance between the fixing pin 12 on the middle cover 3 and the center, and the aperture of the fixing hole 17 matches the outer diameter of the fixing pin 12.

[0082] A reinforcing oblique rib 38 is fixedly arranged between the side walls of the long sides of the boss 34 on the top cover 4, which is perpendicular to the arc-edge reinforcing rib 33. The reinforcing oblique rib 38 is a triangular structure as a whole. The reinforcing oblique rib 38 is used to strengthen and stabilize the upper end surface of the top cover 4 to prevent deformation. A uniformly distributed vertical anti-skid knurling structure is arranged on the circumferential outer wall of the top cover 4, and three inverted triangle-shaped marks II21, III22, and IV23 are distributed on the circumferential outer wall. The three inverted triangle marks are used to match the regular triangle mark I20 of the inner cover 2. The top angle of the mark I20 faces upward, and the top angles of the three inverted triangles of the top cover 4 face downward, which has good angle directivity. And the counterclockwise angle intervals of the marks II21, III22, and IV23 are 60 degrees respectively. A certain depth of clearance hole 14 is arranged upward at the center of the inner end surface of the top cover 4, which is used to make way for the elastic clamp 5 of the inner cover 2.

[0083] The assembly cooperation of the combined cover is now analyzed in detail. When the top cover 4 and the middle cover 3 are sleeved, the fixing pin 12 of the middle cover 3 is inserted into the fixing hole 17 of the top cover 4, so that the middle cover 3 rotates synchronously when the top cover 4 rotates. The slide groove Ⅰ10 of the middle cover 3 and the slide groove Ⅱ18 of the top cover 4 are connected vertically, and the shaft clamp 8 of the inner cover 2 is inserted through the through hole Ⅰ13 and the through hole Ⅱ19. The mushroom head end face of the shaft clamp 8 is slightly higher than the end face of the top cover 4, so that the shaft clamp 8 can slide in the groove of the slide groove Ⅰ10 and the slide groove Ⅱ18, so that the middle cover 3 and the top cover 4 rotate relative to the inner cover 2 synchronously. When the middle cover 3 is sleeved on the outside of the inner cover 2, the elastic clamp 5 at the center of the upper end of the inner cover 2 passes through the pin hole 9 at the center of the middle cover 3, and the air inlet pipe joint 37 and the sputum suction pipe joint 36 of the top cover 4 are respectively connected with the two through holes 6 of the middle cover 3. The middle cover 3 and the inner cover 2 will not be separated after being sleeved by the elastic clamp 5, thereby ensuring the stability of the overall joint.

[0084] Now, the states of the combined cover when it is rotated to different relative angles are described in detail. When the three marks of the top cover 4 are rotated to the marked positions of the inner cover 2, the relative angle states and the sealing and blocking states of the combined cover.

[0085] 1. When the mark II21 of the top cover 4 and the mark I20 of the inner cover 2 are in the same pointing position, the shaft clamp 8 of the inner cover 2 is located in the groove at the counterclockwise side port of the slide groove I10 and the slide groove II18. At this time, the through hole 6 of the middle cover 3 is facing the hemispherical concave surface 7 on the upper end surface of the inner cover 2, and the through hole 6 of the inner cover 2 is facing the lower end surface of the middle cover 3. At this time, the middle cover 3 and the inner cover 2 are in a blocked state without communication. At this time, the inside of the collection jar 1 is in a blocked and closed state, and the collection jar 1 is not in a sputum suction state.

[0086] 2. When the top cover 4 rotates 60 degrees clockwise so that the mark III22 of the top cover 4 and the mark I20 of the inner cover 2 are in the same pointing position, the shaft clamp 8 of the inner cover 2 is located in the middle section of the slide groove I10 and the slide groove II18. At this time, the through hole 6 of the middle cover 3 is opposite to the through hole 6 of the inner cover 2, the through hole 6 of the combined cover is in a through state, and the collection can 1 is in a sputum suction state. And in this state, the hemispherical convex surface 11 on the lower end face of the middle cover 3 and the hemispherical concave surface 7 on the upper end face of the inner cover 2 are directly opposite to each other, and are in a state of concave-convex matching, so that when the middle cover 3 and the inner cover 2 are rotated to this relative position at this angle, the hemispherical convex surface 11 and the hemispherical concave surface 7 coincide with each other, so that when the middle cover 3 is rotated to this position, it can be obviously locked and fixed, thereby reminding medical staff that the middle cover 3 and the top cover 4 are rotated 60 degrees relative to the inner cover 2, and the collection canister 1 is in a connected state. The coincidence of the concave and convex can make the middle cover 3 and the inner cover 2 in a relatively fixed state. Under the action of non-obvious external force, the middle cover 3 and the inner cover 2 will not rotate at a relative angle, thereby making the connected sputum suction state of the collection canister 1 stable.

[0087] 3. When the top cover 4 is rotated clockwise for another 60 degrees, so that the mark IV23 on the top cover 4 and the mark I20 on the inner cover 2 are in the same pointing position, the through hole 6 of the middle cover 3 is opposite to the upper end surface of the inner cover 2, and the lower end surface of the middle cover 3 is opposite to the upper end surface of the inner cover 2. At this time, the inside of the collection jar 1 is in a sealed and closed state, and the collection jar 1 is not in a sputum suction state.

[0088] The replacement scheme is a sputum collector with 60-degree rotation adjustment, which is scheme 2 here. 60 degrees is basically the same as the structure of the sputum collector with 120-degree rotation adjustment mentioned above. In scheme 1, the arc angle of the slide groove Ⅰ10 of the middle cover 3 and the slide groove Ⅱ18 of the top cover 4 is 120 degrees. The arc angle of the slide groove Ⅰ10 and the slide groove Ⅱ18 of the middle cover 3 and the top cover 4 corresponding to scheme 2 is 60 degrees. Compared with the slide groove Ⅰ10 and the slide groove Ⅱ18 of scheme 1, the arc angle of the slide groove Ⅰ10 and the slide groove Ⅱ18 at the beginning and end of scheme 1 is reduced by 30 degrees. In addition, the other structures of the middle cover 3 and the top cover 4 of scheme 2 are consistent with scheme 1. The shaft clamp 8 of the inner cover 2 of the second solution is located 30 degrees clockwise compared to the shaft clamp 8 of the first solution, so that the shaft clamp 8 is located outside the hemispherical concave surface 7 on the upper end surface of the inner cover 2 in the same radial direction of the end surface, and the radial distance between the shaft clamp 8 of the second solution and the center is equal to the radial distance from the center of the first solution. At the same time, the knurling section of the circumferential wall of the top cover 4 of the second solution is provided with a mark V24 and a mark VI25 (not shown in the figure), and the mark V24 and the mark VI25 are also the raised inverted triangle structure of the mark I20-III in the first solution, and the counterclockwise angle interval between the center of the mark V24 and the mark VI25 is 60 degrees.

[0089] The assembly cooperation of the combined cover of the second scheme is basically the same as that of the first scheme, and will not be described in detail. Here, the state of the combined cover when it is rotated to different relative angles is mainly described in detail.

[0090] 1. When the mark V24 of the top cover 4 and the mark I20 of the inner cover 2 are in the same pointing position, the shaft clamp 8 of the inner cover 2 is located in the counterclockwise end position slot of the second slide slot. At this time, the through hole 6 of the middle cover 3 is opposite to the through hole 6 of the inner cover 2, the through hole 6 of the combined cover is in a through state, and the collection can 1 is in a sputum suction state.

[0091] 2. When the top cover 4 rotates 60 degrees clockwise relative to each other, so that the mark VI25 and the mark I20 of the inner cover 2 are in the same pointing position, the through hole 6 of the middle cover 3 is opposite to the upper end face of the inner cover 2, and the lower end face of the middle cover 3 is opposite to the upper end face of the inner cover 2. At this time, the inside of the collection jar 1 is in a blocked and sealed state, and the collection jar 1 is not in a sputum suction state. At this time, the hemispherical convex surface 11 of the lower end face of the middle cover 3 and the hemispherical concave surface 7 of the upper end face of the inner cover 2 are opposite to each other up and down, and are in a concave-convex overlap locking state, which can make the middle cover 3 and the inner cover 2 in a relatively fixed state. Under the action of non-obvious external force, the middle cover 3 and the inner cover 2 will not rotate at a relative angle, so that the blocked and sealed state of the collection jar 1 can be in a stable state.

[0092] When it is necessary to use solution 1, that is, a sputum collector with 120-degree rotation adjustment to perform sputum suction on the patient, the endotracheal tube connector is connected to the endotracheal tube, and the endotracheal tube is inserted from the patient's throat to the trachea, and at the same time, a negative pressure suction device is externally connected to the air inlet connector. When sputum suction is required, the top cover 4 is rotated to the same angle as the mark III22 and the mark I20 of the inner cover 2, so that the collection tank 1 is fully connected with the sputum suction tube and the air inlet pipe, and the air inlet pipe sucks the inside of the collection tank 1 to a negative pressure state through the negative pressure suction device, and the sputum suction tube simultaneously sucks the sputum inside the patient's trachea through the endotracheal tube. All the sucked sputum is collected inside the collection tank 1. When it is necessary to terminate the negative pressure sputum suction state, the top cover 4 is rotated clockwise to the position at the end of the groove, so that the through hole I13 is opposite to the rotating shaft clamp 8, so that the collection tank 1 can be sealed and sealed at the combined cover, thereby achieving the effect of quickly terminating the negative pressure sputum suction state.

[0093] When it is necessary to use the second solution, i.e. the sputum collector with 60-degree rotation adjustment, to suction the patient, the endotracheal tube connector is connected to the endotracheal tube, and the endotracheal tube is inserted from the patient's throat to the trachea, and at the same time, a negative pressure suction device is externally connected to the air inlet connector. When suction is required, the mark V24 of the top cover 4 is pointed to the mark I20 of the inner cover 2, and the collection tank 1 is connected to a negative pressure state for suction. When it is necessary to terminate the negative pressure suction state, rotate 60 degrees clockwise relative to each other, so that the mark VI25 and the mark I20 of the inner cover 2 are in the same pointing position, so that the through hole I13 is facing the rotating shaft clamp 8, so that the collection tank 1 can be sealed at the combined cover, thereby achieving the effect of quickly terminating the negative pressure suction state.

[0094] When it is necessary to use suction tube Ⅰ to suction the patient, the endotracheal tube is also inserted into the trachea, and the sealing joint Ⅰ is connected to the negative pressure suction device. When negative pressure suction is performed, the medical staff presses the sealing cap with their thumb to seal the vent, and the sputum is sucked from the endotracheal tube and sucked out from the joint of sealing joint Ⅰ through the suction tube. When the finger is lifted from the pressing state, the sealing cap bounces up and detaches from the vent under the action of elastic recovery. At this time, the negative pressure environment in the suction tube is released, thereby achieving the effect of quickly terminating the negative pressure suction state. When the sealing swivel of suction tube Ⅱ is turned, when vent Ⅰ is sealed and blocked, the suction operation begins. When vent Ⅰ is connected with vent Ⅱ, the negative pressure suction operation ends.

[0095] The innovative technical points and beneficial effects of the present invention are at least:

[0096] 1. Scheme 1 and Scheme 2 adopt a combined cover assembly mode of the top cover 4, the middle cover 3, and the inner cover 2, which can quickly switch the connected and blocked states by rotating. At the same time, a dual-pipeline connection design for suction and negative pressure suction is adopted, so that the collection can 1 can always be used as a suction collection container, which is convenient and quick to operate.

[0097] 2. The middle cover 3 and top cover 4 of the scheme 1 adopt a structure of a large through hole connected by a slide groove, which not only ensures that the middle cover 3 and top cover 4 can have a maximum rotation stroke limit when rotating relative to the inner cover 2, but also the large through hole structure can easily ensure that the mushroom head joint of the shaft clamp 8 passes through during assembly. In conjunction with the hemispherical convex surface 11 of the middle cover 3 and the hemispherical concave surface 7 of the inner cover 2, within the 120-degree rotation stroke, in addition to the stroke limit at both ends, at the middle 60-degree angle position, the relative angle position of the combined cover can be in a stable state in the relatively fixed state where the concave and convex overlap. Thus, the scheme 1 combined cover can be quickly rotated and positioned in the three states of the first, middle and tail relative rotation angles, the middle is the through suction state, and the closing and tail are the blocked and sealed states. In the suction state, the top cover 4 can be rotated to any direction to the maximum angle position of the rotation stroke, and can quickly switch from the negative pressure suction state to the termination of the negative pressure suction state, which is easy to operate, simple in steps, stable in state, and will not cause misoperation.

[0098] 3. The three marks of Scheme 1 are spaced 60 degrees apart, and the inverted triangle structure cooperates with the mark of the regular triangle structure of the inner cover 2. The upper and lower inverted triangles and regular triangles face each other, and have precise directionality for the rotation angle, and can intuitively point to the three relative angle positions of the combined cover. Through the upper and lower marks, it can be clearly and intuitively seen that the device is currently in a negative pressure suction or closed blocking state. Accurate pointing can ensure that there will be no deviation in the state. At the same time, the mark of Scheme 2 has the same function. It further ensures that there will be no misoperation and misjudgment when the combined cover is relatively rotated, ensuring the safety of the suction process.

[0099] 4. In the second scheme, the 60-degree angle slide and the two relative angle rotation strokes at the head and tail correspond to the two states of the combined cover being through or closed. One side is through and the other side is the tube wall. Similarly, the markings are easy to understand and distinguish, easy to operate, simple in steps, stable in state, and will not cause misoperation.

[0100] 5. The elastic clamp 5 of the inner cover 2 is a two-petal type and the upper mushroom head type cooperates with the pin hole 9 of the middle cover 3. The clamping ring strip 26 of the circumferential wall of the inner cover 2 cooperates with the ring groove 28 of the middle cover 3. The double one-way blocking structure from the center to the circumference prevents the middle cover 3 from separating from the inner cover 2, which can ensure the stability of the combined cover after assembly and ensure the safety of the overall structure.

[0101] 6. The sleeve connection between the top cover 4 and the middle cover 3 is designed to be a detachable structure. After the final negative pressure suction of sputum is completed, the through hole Ⅰ13 is opposite to the rotating shaft clamp 8, and the top cover 4 can be detached by pulling it hard. When the suction is completed, the top cover 4 can be removed. At this time, the middle cover 3 and the inner cover 2 are also in a blocked state. The steps are simple and the operation is convenient. At the same time, the middle cover 3 always blocks the inner cover 2, and the sputum will not leak and cause pollution. The whole process can ensure maximum safety.

[0102] 7. The arc-shaped reinforcing ribs 33 and the triangular reinforcing oblique ribs 38 provided on the outer end of the slide groove II 18 of the top cover 4 are used to strengthen and stabilize the top cover 4, thereby strengthening and stabilizing the combined cover and ensuring the stability of the integrated structure.

[0103] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sputum collector, characterized in that: include: Collection tank, inner cover, middle cover, top cover; The inner cover is detachably arranged on the mouth of the collection jar; an elastic clamp is arranged at the center of the upper end surface of the inner cover; two through holes are provided on the inner cover at 180° with the elastic clamp as the center, which are respectively a sputum suction hole and an air inlet hole; two hemispherical concave surfaces are arranged on the upper end surface of the inner cover at 180° with the elastic clamp as the center, and two rotating shaft clamps are arranged at 180° with the elastic clamp as the center; A pin hole is provided at the center of the middle cover; two through holes are provided on the middle cover at 180° with the pin hole as the center, and two slide grooves I are provided at 180° with the pin hole as the center; two hemispherical convex surfaces are provided on the lower end surface of the middle cover at 180° with the pin hole as the center, and two fixing pins are provided on the upper end surface of the middle cover at 180° with the pin hole as the center; the end of the slide groove I is provided with a through hole I; A clearance hole is provided at the center of the top cover; two through holes are provided on the top cover at 180° with the clearance hole as the center, which are respectively an air inlet pipe interface and a sputum suction pipe interface; two fixing holes are provided on the top cover at 180° with the clearance hole as the center, and two slide grooves II are provided at 180° with the clearance hole as the center; the end of the slide groove II is set as a through hole II; During installation, the inner cover, the middle cover and the top cover are stacked in sequence from bottom to top, the elastic clamp passes through the pin hole and is accommodated in the clearance hole, the fixing pin passes through the fixing hole, the slide groove I and the through hole I correspond to the slide groove II and the through hole II respectively, and the shaft clamp passes through the through hole I and the through hole II and can slide freely in the slide groove I and the slide groove II; When the shaft clamp is located at the first position of the slide groove I and the slide groove II, the through hole of the middle cover faces the hemispherical concave surface of the upper end surface of the inner cover, the through hole of the inner cover faces the lower end surface of the middle cover, and the middle cover and the inner cover are in a non-connected blocking state; after the shaft clamp rotates by a preset angle in the slide groove I and the slide groove II, the through hole of the middle cover faces the through hole of the inner cover, the hemispherical convex surface of the lower end surface of the middle cover faces the hemispherical concave surface of the upper end surface of the inner cover, and the middle cover and the inner cover are in a connected sputum suction state; The collecting tank is a cylindrical tank body.

2. The sputum collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner cover is provided with a mark I, the arcs of the slide grooves I and II are 120°, and the top cover is provided with marks II, III, and IV at the beginning, end, and middle of the slide groove II, respectively, and the marks II, III, and IV are spaced 60° apart in sequence; The mark Ⅰ is an equilateral triangle structure, the mark Ⅱ, mark Ⅲ, mark Ⅳ is an inverted triangle structure; When the shaft clamp is located at the position where the mark I corresponds to the mark II, the through hole of the middle cover faces the hemispherical concave surface of the upper end surface of the inner cover, the through hole of the inner cover faces the lower end surface of the middle cover, and the middle cover and the inner cover are in a non-connected blocked state; when the shaft clamp is rotated to the position where the mark I corresponds to the mark III, the through hole of the middle cover faces the through hole of the inner cover, the hemispherical convex surface of the lower end surface of the middle cover faces the hemispherical concave surface of the upper end surface of the inner cover, and the middle cover and the inner cover are in a connected sputum suction state; when the shaft clamp is rotated to the position where the mark I corresponds to the mark IV, the through hole of the middle cover faces the upper end surface of the inner cover, and the middle cover and the inner cover are in a non-connected blocked state.

3. The sputum collector according to claim 2, characterized in that: The line connecting the two rotating shaft clamps in the inner cover is perpendicular to the line connecting the two through holes thereon; the line connecting the two hemispherical concave surfaces is 30° apart from the line connecting the two rotating shaft clamps; the two fixing pins in the middle cover are distributed in a straight line with the two through holes thereon, and the slide groove I is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the center of the line connecting the two through holes in the middle cover; the mark I is arranged in an upper and lower position corresponding to one of the rotating shaft clamps.

4. The sputum collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner cover is provided with a mark I, the arc of the slide groove I and the slide groove II is 60°, and the top cover is provided with a mark V and a mark VI at the beginning and the end of the slide groove II, respectively, and the interval between the mark V and the mark VI is 60°; The mark Ⅰ is an equilateral triangle structure, the mark Ⅴ, mark Ⅵ is an inverted triangle structure; When the rotating shaft clamp is located at the position where the mark I corresponds to the mark V, the through hole of the middle cover is opposite to the through hole of the inner cover, the hemispherical convex surface of the lower end surface of the middle cover is opposite to the hemispherical concave surface of the upper end surface of the inner cover, and the middle cover and the inner cover are in a connected sputum suction state; when the rotating shaft clamp is rotated to the position where the mark I corresponds to the mark VI, the through hole of the middle cover is opposite to the upper end surface of the inner cover, and the middle cover and the inner cover are in a non-connected blocked state.

5. The sputum collector according to claim 4, characterized in that: The two rotating shaft clamps in the inner cover are distributed in a straight line with the two hemispherical concave surfaces, and the line connecting the two rotating shaft clamps and the line connecting the two through holes in the inner cover are 60° apart; the two fixing pins in the middle cover are distributed in a straight line with the two through holes thereon, and the slide groove I is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the center of the line connecting the two through holes in the middle cover; the mark I is arranged in an upper and lower position corresponding to one of the rotating shaft clamps.

6. The sputum collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner cover is provided with a retaining ring strip, the lower end port of the middle cover is provided with a retaining edge, and the inner circumferential wall of the middle cover is provided with an annular groove; when the middle cover is sleeved on the outside of the inner cover, the annular groove is matched with the retaining ring strip; the middle cover is provided with a notch groove inward from the circumferential wall of the port.

7. The sputum collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic clamp is an integral cylindrical structure with a hemispherical mushroom head fixed on the upper end, and is divided into two parts from the middle position, with a fine gap between the two halves from the top part to the root.

8. The sputum collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sputum suction hole and the air inlet hole are respectively provided with a sputum suction inner joint and an air inlet inner joint downwardly on the inner bottom surface of the inner cover, and a sealing convex strip is provided on the inner bottom surface of the inner cover.

9. The sputum collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: An upwardly protruding arc-shaped reinforcement rib is arranged at the edge of the upper end of the slide groove II, and the arc-shaped reinforcement rib gradually decreases until it disappears near the position of the through hole II; a boss is arranged in the middle position of the upper end surface of the top cover, and two through holes connected to the through holes of the top cover are provided on the boss, and a tightening sleeve clamp is connected to one of the through holes of the boss, and the upper end of the tightening sleeve clamp is a sputum suction pipe joint, and the other through hole of the boss is an air intake pipe joint.

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