Intelligent device for real-time monitoring of diesel engine state

Abstract

The application discloses an intelligent device for real-time monitoring of a diesel engine state, a first inclined channel is formed through a side wall of a cylinder body of the diesel engine and is communicated with a sealed cavity, a first opening is formed at an inner side end of a circular annular channel, the first inclined channel is communicated with the circular annular channel through the first opening, the circular annular channel at one side of the first opening is closed by a baffle, a second opening is formed at the circular annular channel at the other side of the baffle, the second opening is outwardly open, the diameters of the first opening and the second opening are smaller than the inner diameter of the circular annular channel, a plurality of steel balls are slidably arranged in the circular annular channel at the opposite side of the first opening, the diameters of the steel balls are consistent with the diameter of the circular annular channel, the steel balls are continuously arranged, a reading head is fixedly sleeved at the outer periphery of a skirt edge at the opposite side of the first opening, the reading head is connected with a monitoring device, and the steel balls relatively move in the channel at the inner side of the reading head. The application solves the technical problem of insufficient monitoring of the running state of a crankshaft of the diesel engine.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of intelligent monitoring of diesel engine operating state, and particularly relates to an intelligent device for real-time monitoring of diesel engine state. BACKGROUND

[0002] There are various kinds of rotating machines, such as rotating machining platforms, diesel engines, steam turbines, water pumps, motors, and fans. The main functions of these machines are all completed by rotating actions. Diesel engine failure refers to the malfunction of the machine, i.e., the deterioration of its dynamic performance, which does not meet the dynamic technical requirements. For example, the machine runs unstably, abnormal vibration and noise occur, the output power of the working speed changes, and the temperature, pressure, and flow of the medium are abnormal. The generated information is also different. According to the machine-specific information, the machine failure can be diagnosed. However, the causes of machine failure are often not a single factor, especially for rotating failures in mechanical systems, which are often the result of multiple failure factors. Therefore, the state of the machine is monitored, and early warning is given for possible failures.

[0003] However, in the prior art, there are few devices for effectively monitoring the operating state of the diesel engine, especially for high-speed rotating diesel engines. Typically, in high-speed rotating machines, the crankshaft is fixed in the axial direction in advance to improve efficiency. However, with the continuous operation of the crankshaft, combined with the continuous operation and vibration of the diesel engine, the crankshaft will loosen in the axial direction. With the passage of time, the axial movement of the crankshaft gradually increases, causing the vibration of the entire diesel engine to increase, resulting in unstable operation, and in severe cases, causing friction damage to the sealing elements and friction collision between the crankshaft and the diesel engine cylinder or peripheral components.

[0004] In the prior art, application No. CN202210372767.1 discloses a diesel generator set based on intelligent control, but the mechanism monitors the volume change of the inner hole cavity, and the measurement accuracy is not high. SUMMARY

[0005] An object of the present application is to solve at least the above problems and to provide at least the advantages to be described later.

[0006] The present application aims to provide an intelligent device for real-time monitoring of diesel engine state, which monitors the operating state of the rotating crankshaft in the diesel engine cylinder. Specifically, the device effectively monitors the operating state of the diesel engine remotely, and detects the change in the sealed gas pressure caused by the axial movement of the crankshaft through the angular displacement ball grid ruler, thereby effectively monitoring the axial movement of the crankshaft in real time and avoiding further failures caused by the axial movement of the crankshaft. The present application solves the technical problem of insufficient monitoring of the operating state of the diesel engine crankshaft.

[0007] In order to achieve the objects and other advantages according to the present application, there is provided an intelligent device for real-time monitoring of diesel engine state, comprising:

[0008] A diesel engine cylinder body having a closed cavity for accommodating a crankshaft, the crankshaft being rotatably mounted in the closed cavity through bearings on both sides of the crankshaft;

[0009] A first end cover sealingly covering an axial first end of the diesel engine cylinder body, an outer periphery of the first end cover being provided with a skirt, the skirt protruding from an outer periphery of the diesel engine cylinder body by a certain distance, and a circular annular channel being formed in the skirt;

[0010] A second end cover sealingly covering an axial second end of the diesel engine cylinder body;

[0011] Wherein, a first inclined channel is formed in a side wall of the diesel engine cylinder body and communicates with the closed cavity, a first opening is formed in an inner side of the circular annular channel, the first inclined channel communicates with the circular annular channel through the first opening, the circular annular channel on one side of the first opening is closed by a baffle, the circular annular channel on the other side of the baffle is provided with a second opening which is open to the outside, and the diameters of the first opening and the second opening are smaller than an inner diameter of the circular annular channel;

[0012] A plurality of steel balls are slidingly arranged in the circular annular channel on the opposite side of the first opening, the diameters of the steel balls are consistent with the diameter of the circular annular channel, the steel balls are arranged continuously, an outer periphery of the skirt on the opposite side of the first opening is fixedly sleeved with a reading head, the reading head is connected with a monitoring device, and the steel balls relatively move in a channel inside the reading head.

[0013] Preferably, the first end cover is mounted on an axial first end side wall of the diesel engine cylinder body, a first circular limiting protrusion is arranged on an inner side wall of the first end cover, a first circular step is formed in an inner periphery wall of the axial first end of the diesel engine cylinder body, and an outer diameter of the first circular limiting protrusion is the same as an outer diameter of the first circular step.

[0014] Preferably, a second circular limiting protrusion is arranged on an outer periphery of an axial first end of the crankshaft, an outer diameter of the second circular limiting protrusion is between an inner diameter of the first circular limiting protrusion and an outer diameter of the crankshaft, and a first bearing is arranged on the outer periphery of the axial first end of the crankshaft.

[0015] Preferably, the axial first end of the first bearing is limited by the first and second circular limiting protrusions, the axial second end of the first bearing is mounted on the first circular step, the outer periphery of the first bearing is arranged in abutment with the inner periphery wall of the first circular step, the inner periphery of the first bearing is in abutment with the side wall of the crankshaft, and the inner and outer peripheries of the first bearing are sealed by grease and corresponding contact surfaces.

[0016] Preferably, the second end cover is mounted on the axial second end side wall of the diesel engine cylinder body, a third circular limiting protrusion is arranged on the inner side wall of the second end cover, and a second circular step is formed on the inner periphery wall of the axial second end of the diesel engine cylinder body, wherein the outer diameter of the third circular limiting protrusion is the same as the outer diameter of the second circular step.

[0017] Preferably, a circular limiting disc is arranged on the outer periphery of the axial second end of the crankshaft, and the diameter of the circular limiting disc is greater than the diameter of the crankshaft.

[0018] Preferably, the axial second end of the second bearing is limited by the third circular limiting protrusion and the circular limiting disc, the axial first end of the second bearing is mounted on the second circular step, the outer periphery of the second bearing is arranged in abutment with the inner periphery wall of the second circular step, the inner periphery of the second bearing is in abutment with the side wall of the crankshaft, and the inner and outer peripheries of the second bearing are sealed by grease and corresponding contact surfaces.

[0019] Preferably, an extension shaft is arranged on the axial second end of the crankshaft, a shaft hole is formed in the center of the second end cover, the extension shaft is led out from the shaft hole, the circular limiting disc is detachably mounted on the extension shaft of the axial second end of the crankshaft, and the extension shaft is arranged in sealed rotation with the inner periphery wall of the shaft hole.

[0020] The diameter of the extension shaft is less than the diameter of the crankshaft, the extension shaft is led out from the shaft hole, and the led-out end of the extension shaft is connected with the camshaft through a synchronous belt and outputs power externally.

[0021] The diameter of the extension shaft is not less than 5 times the diameter of the longitudinal section of the circular annular channel.

[0022] Preferably, a lubricant is arranged on the inner wall of the circular annular channel, and the longitudinal section of the outer periphery of the steel ball is in sliding abutment with the inner wall of the circular annular channel; the connected distribution arc of the steel ball is half the circumference of the circular annular channel, and in the initial state, the steel balls are symmetrically distributed in the circular annular channel on opposite sides of the first opening.

[0023] Preferably, a circular annular groove is formed on the axial first end side wall of the diesel engine cylinder block, the inner side of the circular annular groove is communicated with the first inclined channel, the outer side of the circular annular groove is closed by the inner side wall of the first end cover, a second inclined channel is formed in the skirt, the first end of the second inclined channel is communicated with the circular annular channel, a third opening is formed on the inner side wall of the first end cover, the third opening is butted with the circular annular groove, and the second end of the second inclined channel is communicated with the third opening.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the beneficial effects that:

[0025] 1. The angular displacement ball grid ruler system is constructed by using the structure of the diesel engine cylinder block, the crankshaft displacement is accurately detected through the angular displacement ball grid ruler system, and the measurement accuracy can reach microns;

[0026] 2. The volume change caused by the axial movement of the crankshaft is amplified through expansion and contraction of the measured volume, the angular displacement after the stroke amplification of the volume change is measured to measure the axial displacement of the crankshaft, and the measurement accuracy of the axial displacement of the crankshaft is further improved;

[0027] 3. The axial displacement of the crankshaft is remotely monitored and early warning is made in time, so that the failure caused by the displacement of the crankshaft is avoided, and the reliability of stable operation of the diesel engine is improved.

[0028] Other advantages, objects and features of the present application will be partly embodied in the following description, and partly understood by those skilled in the art through research and practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 is a diesel engine cylinder block internal transverse cross-sectional view;

[0030] Figure 2 is a diesel engine cylinder block transverse cross-sectional view;

[0031] Figure 3 is a first end cover longitudinal sectional view;

[0032] Figure 4 is a first end cover sectional view along A-A line;

[0033] Figure 5 is a second end cover sectional view. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can implement the present application according to the description.

[0035] As shown in the accompanying drawings, Figures 1-5As shown, the present application provides an intelligent device for real-time monitoring of diesel engine state. A closed cavity 210 accommodating a crankshaft 500 is formed in a diesel engine cylinder 200. A piston moves up and down in the upper space of the closed cavity 210, and the crankshaft 500 rotates in the lower space of the closed cavity 210. The piston drives the crankshaft 500 to rotate in the diesel engine cylinder 200. The crankshaft 500 is rotatably installed on the lower ends of the diesel engine cylinder 200 through bearings. It should be understood that the both ends of the crankshaft 500 are cylindrical, which facilitates the installation of the crankshaft 500 on the diesel engine cylinder 200 through bearings. The main structure of the crankshaft 500 is located in the closed cavity 210.

[0036] A first end cover 100 is arranged at the axial first end of the diesel engine cylinder 200. Specifically, the outer peripheral sidewall of the first end cover 100 is installed on the axial first end sidewall of the diesel engine cylinder 200. A first circular limiting protrusion 150 is arranged on the inner sidewall of the first end cover 100. A first circular step 220 is formed on the inner peripheral wall of the axial first end of the diesel engine cylinder 200. The outer diameter of the first circular limiting protrusion 150 is the same as the outer diameter of the first circular step 220.

[0037] A second circular limiting protrusion 520 is arranged on the axial first end of the crankshaft 500. The second circular limiting protrusion 520 is an integral structure with the crankshaft 500. The outer diameter of the second circular limiting protrusion 520 is between the inner diameter of the first circular limiting protrusion 150 and the outer diameter of the crankshaft 500. A first bearing 410 is arranged on the axial first end of the crankshaft 500. The axial first end of the first bearing 410 is limited by the first circular limiting protrusion 150 and the second circular limiting protrusion 520. The axial second end of the first bearing 410 is installed on the first circular step 220, thereby limiting the installation of the first bearing 410. The outer periphery of the first bearing 410 is arranged in close contact with the inner peripheral wall of the first circular step 220. The inner periphery of the first bearing 410 is in close contact with the sidewall of the crankshaft 500. The axial first end of the crankshaft 500 rotates in the axial first end of the diesel engine cylinder 200 through the first bearing 410. At the same time, the inner and outer peripheries of the first bearing 410 are sealed by grease and the corresponding contact surfaces, thereby ensuring the sealing of the closed cavity 210.

[0038] A second end cover 300 is arranged at the axial second end of the diesel engine cylinder 200. The outer peripheral sidewall of the second end cover 300 is installed on the axial second end sidewall of the diesel engine cylinder 200. A third circular limiting protrusion 320 is arranged on the inner sidewall of the second end cover 300. A second circular step 230 is formed on the inner peripheral wall of the axial second end of the diesel engine cylinder 200. The outer diameter of the third circular limiting protrusion 320 is the same as the outer diameter of the second circular step 230.

[0039] The axial second end of the crankshaft 500 is provided with a circular limiting disc 530, the diameter of the circular limiting disc 530 is greater than the diameter of the crankshaft 500, the axial second end of the crankshaft 500 is provided with a second bearing 420, the axial second end of the second bearing 420 is limited by the third circular limiting protrusion 320 and the circular limiting disc 530, the axial first end of the second bearing 420 is mounted on the second circular step 230, thereby limiting the installation of the second bearing 420, the outer periphery of the second bearing 420 is arranged in close contact with the inner periphery wall of the second circular step 230, the inner periphery of the second bearing 420 is in close contact with the side wall of the crankshaft 500, the axial second end of the crankshaft 500 rotates in the axial second end of the diesel engine cylinder block 200 through the second bearing 420, at the same time, the inner and outer peripheries of the second bearing 420 are sealed by grease and the corresponding contact surfaces, thereby ensuring the sealing performance of the sealed cavity 210.

[0040] The axial second end of the crankshaft 500 is provided with an extension shaft 510, the central part of the second end cover 300 is provided with a shaft hole 310, the extension shaft 510 is led out from the shaft hole 310, the circular limiting disc 530 is detachably mounted on the extension shaft 510 at the axial second end of the crankshaft 500, when the crankshaft 500 is installed or overhauled, the circular limiting disc 530 can be detached, after the crankshaft 500 is installed in place, the circular limiting disc 530 is tightened, the extension shaft 510 and the inner periphery wall of the shaft hole 310 are arranged in sealed rotation. The shaft hole 310 is extended for a certain distance, which increases the contact distance and contact area of the extension shaft 510 and the shaft hole 310 at the position, the contact surface is sealed by grease, thereby finally enhancing the sealing performance of the sealed cavity.

[0041] The diameter of the extension shaft 510 is smaller than the diameter of the crankshaft 500, the extension shaft 510 is led out from the shaft hole 310, the leading end of the extension shaft 510 is connected with the camshaft through a synchronous belt and is connected with the camshaft in linkage, thereby outputting power externally. It can be seen that the two ends of the diesel engine cylinder block 200 are sealed by the first end cover 100 and the second end cover 300, the crankshaft 500 is led out from the second end cover 300 through the extension shaft 510 and outputs power externally, and the main body structure of the crankshaft 500 rotates in the sealed cavity 210.

[0042] In the initial state, the crankshaft 500 is fixed in the axial position of the diesel engine cylinder body 200 through the bearings on both sides, effectively avoiding axial movement, but as the continuous running time of the crankshaft 500 increases, the volume change caused by the increase in speed and the change in temperature of the crankshaft 500, combined with the continuous running and vibration of the entire diesel engine, the crankshaft 500 will loosen in the axial direction, and over time, the crankshaft 500 will also move in the axial direction, and the amount of movement will gradually increase. Therefore, the device of the present application mainly monitors and diagnoses the axial movement amount effectively, and avoids faults in time.

[0043] After long-term operation, as the crankshaft 500 moves / shifts in the axial direction, the volume and air pressure in the sealed cavity will change correspondingly as the crankshaft 500 moves in the axial direction due to the sealed setting of the sealed cavity.

[0044] Specifically, when the crankshaft 500 moves to the first side in the axial direction, the outer extension shaft 510 moves into the sealed cavity 210, compressing the space in the sealed cavity 210 and increasing the air pressure; similarly, if the crankshaft 500 moves to the second side in the axial direction, the air pressure in the sealed cavity 210 decreases, and the change in air pressure is proportional to the amount of axial movement of the crankshaft 500. Therefore, monitoring the change in air pressure in the sealed cavity 210 can measure the amount of axial movement of the crankshaft 500.

[0045] In order to accurately measure the change in air pressure in the sealed cavity, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0046] In the present application, a skirt 110 is provided on the outer periphery of the first end cover 100, the skirt 110 protrudes from the outer periphery of the diesel engine cylinder body 200 by a certain distance, and a circular annular channel 120 is formed in the skirt 110; at the same time, a first inclined channel 250 is formed in the side wall of the diesel engine cylinder body 200, which communicates with the sealed cavity, a first opening is formed at the inner side of the circular annular channel 120, and the first inclined channel 250 communicates with the circular annular channel 120 through the first opening.

[0047] Specifically, the first end side wall of the diesel engine cylinder body 200 is provided with a circular annular groove 240, the inner side of the circular annular groove 240 is communicated with one end of the first inclined channel 250, the other end of the first inclined channel 250 is communicated with the closed cavity 210, the outer side of the circular annular groove 240 is closed by the inner side wall of the first end cover 100, and a second inclined channel 160 is formed in the skirt 110, the first end of the second inclined channel 160 is communicated with the first opening of the circular annular channel 120, a third opening is formed in the inner side wall of the first end cover 100, the second end of the second inclined channel 160 is communicated with the third opening, the third opening is butt-jointed with the circular annular groove 240, that is, the opening radius of the circular annular groove 240 is the same as the radius of the third opening, when the first end cover 100 is installed on the axial first end side wall of the diesel engine cylinder body 200, the third opening is always butt-jointed with the circular annular groove 240, so that the circular annular channel 120 is communicated with the closed cavity 210 through the first opening, the second inclined channel 160, the third opening, the circular annular groove 240 and the first inclined channel 250 in sequence.

[0048] The circular annular channel 120 on the side of the first opening is closed by a baffle 121, the circular annular channel 120 on the other side of the baffle 121 is provided with a second opening 122, the second opening 122 is outwardly open, and the diameters of the first opening and the second opening 122 are smaller than the inner diameter of the circular annular channel 120.

[0049] A plurality of steel balls 130 are slidingly arranged in the circular annular channel 120 on the opposite side of the first opening, the diameters of the steel balls 130 are consistent with the diameter of the circular annular channel 120, each steel ball 130 is continuously arranged, and a reading head 140 is fixedly sleeved on the outer periphery of the skirt 110 on the opposite side of the first opening, the convex setting of the skirt 110 also facilitates the installation of the reading head 140 and ensures that the reading head 140 is enveloped on the outer periphery of the circular annular channel 120.

[0050] The reading head 140 is connected with a monitoring device, and the relative movement of the steel balls 130 is in the channel on the inner side of the reading head 140.

[0051] In the embodiment, the diameter of the extension shaft 510 is not less than 5 times the longitudinal section diameter of the circular annular channel 120, and the diameter of the extension shaft 510 can be as large as possible, because when the crankshaft 500 axially moves, the extension shaft 510 will move, the axial movement of the extension shaft 510 determines the change amount of the pressure in the closed cavity 210, the larger the diameter of the extension shaft 510, the greater the change amount of the air pressure, the larger the monitoring amount, and the higher the position movement monitoring accuracy.

[0052] The inner wall of the circular channel 120 is provided with lubricant, and the outer periphery of the longitudinal section of the steel ball 130 is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the circular channel 120; the distribution arc of the connected steel ball 130 is half of the circumference of the circular channel 120, and in the initial state, the steel ball 130 is symmetrically distributed in the circular channel 120 on the opposite side of the first opening.

[0053] When the closed cavity is empty, the closed cavity enters the circular channel 120 from the first opening through the first inclined channel 250, and after passing through the entire circular channel 120, it is contacted outward from the second opening 122.

[0054] A plurality of steel balls 130 are slidingly arranged in the circular channel 120 on the opposite side of the first opening, and the diameter of the steel ball 130 is consistent with the diameter of the circular channel 120, so as to prevent the steel ball 130 from leaking out of the opening. Each steel ball 130 is continuously arranged, so that each steel ball 130 synchronously slides in the circular channel 120. The inner wall of the circular channel 120 is provided with lubricant to increase the lubricity of the contact surface between the steel ball 130 and the inner wall of the circular channel 120, facilitate the movement of the steel ball 130 in the circular channel 120, reduce the moving resistance, and at the same time, increase the sealing performance between the steel ball 130 and the inner wall of the circular channel 120, that is, the second opening 122 of the circular channel 120 is effectively closed by the steel ball 130, so as to avoid gas leakage on the contact surface between the steel ball 130 and the inner wall of the circular channel 120, and affect the air tightness of the closed cavity and the circular channel 120.

[0055] The distribution arc of the connected steel ball 130 is half of the circumference of the circular channel 120, and in the initial state, the steel ball 130 is symmetrically distributed in the circular channel 120 on the opposite side of the first opening. When the crankshaft 500 moves to the second side in the axial direction, the gas pressure in the closed cavity decreases, and the steel ball 130 moves to the first opening; when the crankshaft 500 moves to the first side in the axial direction, the gas pressure in the closed cavity increases, and the steel ball 130 moves to the second opening 122.

[0056] When the axial movement of the crankshaft 500 causes the change of the gas pressure in the closed cavity, the steel ball 130 can be driven to move back and forth in the circular channel 120 to offset the overall change of the gas pressure in the closed cavity, that is, the amount of change of the gas pressure caused by the movement of the steel ball 130 is consistent with the amount of change of the gas pressure in the closed cavity caused by the axial movement of the crankshaft 500. At this time, since the inner diameter of the circular channel 120 is fixed and known, the amount of axial movement of the crankshaft 500 can be monitored by monitoring the angular displacement of the steel ball 130.

[0057] In order to accurately measure the angular displacement of the steel ball 130, a reading head 140 is fixedly sleeved on the outer periphery of the skirt 250 on the opposite side of the first opening, and the relative movement of the steel ball 130 is in the channel inside the reading head 140. The circular annular channel 120, the steel ball 130 and the reading head 140 form an angular displacement ball grid displacement measurement system, and the angular displacement ball grid ruler is used to accurately detect the crankshaft displacement, and the measurement accuracy can reach microns; with the axial movement of the crankshaft 500, the steel ball 130 is driven to move relatively in the reading head 140 inside, a relative displacement is generated, the reading head 140 is connected with a monitoring device, and the angular displacement of the steel ball 130 is monitored in real time, and finally the real-time accurate measurement of the axial movement of the crankshaft 500 is completed.

[0058] In the above technical solution, in order to improve the measurement accuracy of the axial displacement of the crankshaft 500, the present application designs the inner diameter ratio of the circular annular channel 120, specifically, the diameter of the crankshaft 500 is not less than 5 times the diameter of the longitudinal section of the circular annular channel 120, and the diameter of the extension shaft 510 can be as large as possible, because when the crankshaft 500 axially moves, the extension shaft 510 will move, and the axial movement of the extension shaft 510 determines the change of the pressure in the sealed cavity 210. That is, when the axial movement of the crankshaft 500 causes the change of the air pressure in the sealed cavity, the angular displacement of the steel ball 130 in the circular annular channel 120 is more than 20 times the axial displacement of the crankshaft 500, so that the axial displacement of the crankshaft 500 is effectively amplified for accurate measurement and monitoring, and when the angular displacement of the steel ball 130 exceeds the set threshold, a warning is sent in time to avoid failure.

[0059] The shaft hole 310 extends for a certain distance, increases the contact distance and contact area of the extension shaft 510 with the shaft hole 310 at the position, and the sealing performance of the sealed cavity is ensured in time through the grease on the contact surface when the extension shaft moves.

[0060] As described above, the present application uses the structure of the diesel engine cylinder body to form an angular displacement ball grid ruler measurement system, accurately detects the crankshaft displacement through the angular displacement ball grid ruler, and the measurement accuracy can reach microns; at the same time, the volume change caused by the axial movement of the crankshaft is amplified by measuring the expansion and contraction of the volume, and the axial displacement of the crankshaft is measured by measuring the angular displacement after the amplification of the volume change stroke, which further improves the measurement accuracy of the axial displacement of the crankshaft; further, the axial displacement of the crankshaft is monitored remotely in time to avoid failure caused by the axial displacement of the crankshaft, and the reliability of the stable operation of the diesel engine is improved.

[0061] While embodiments of the application have been disclosed in connection with the above specification and drawings this description is not intended to limit the scope of the application and many modifications, enhancements, alternatives, and variations will become apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure. Accordingly, it is intended that the application not be limited to the described embodiments, but that it include all variations falling within the scope of the claims, and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An intelligent device for real-time monitoring of diesel engine status, characterized in that, include: A diesel engine cylinder block has a sealed cavity for accommodating a crankshaft, and the crankshaft is rotatably mounted in the sealed cavity on both sides via bearings; The first end cover has a sealing cover located at the first axial end of the diesel engine cylinder block. A skirt is provided on the outer periphery of the first end cover. The skirt protrudes a certain distance from the outer periphery of the diesel engine cylinder block, and an annular channel is opened in the skirt. The second end cap, whose sealing cover is provided at the second axial end of the diesel engine cylinder block; The diesel engine cylinder block has a first inclined channel that connects to the sealed cavity through the side wall. The annular channel has a first opening at its inner end. The first inclined channel is connected to the annular channel through the first opening. The annular channel on one side of the first opening is closed by a baffle. The annular channel on the other side of the baffle has a second opening that opens outward. The diameters of the first opening and the second opening are smaller than the inner diameter of the annular channel. A plurality of steel balls are slidably disposed in the annular channel on the opposite side of the first opening. The diameter of the steel balls is the same as the diameter of the annular channel. The steel balls are continuously disposed. A reading head is fixedly sleeved on the outer periphery of the skirt on the opposite side of the first opening. The reading head is connected to the monitoring device. The steel balls move relative to each other in the channel inside the reading head. The first end cover is installed on the axial first end sidewall of the diesel engine cylinder block. A first circular limiting protrusion is provided on the inner sidewall of the first end cover. A first circular step is formed on the inner peripheral wall of the axial first end of the diesel engine cylinder block. The outer diameter of the first circular limiting protrusion is the same as the outer diameter of the first circular step. A second circular limiting protrusion is provided on the outer periphery of the axial first end of the crankshaft. The outer diameter of the second circular limiting protrusion is between the inner diameter of the first circular limiting protrusion and the outer diameter of the crankshaft. A first bearing is provided on the outer periphery of the axial first end of the crankshaft. The first axial end of the first bearing is limited by the first circular limiting protrusion and the second circular limiting protrusion. The second axial end of the first bearing is mounted on the first circular step. The outer circumference of the first bearing is fitted with the inner circumferential wall of the first circular step. The inner circumference of the first bearing is fitted with the side wall of the crankshaft. The inner and outer circumferences of the first bearing are sealed with grease to the corresponding contact surfaces. The second end cover is mounted on the side wall of the second axial end of the diesel engine cylinder block. A third circular limiting protrusion is provided on the inner side wall of the second end of the second end cover. A second circular step is formed on the inner circumferential wall of the second axial end of the diesel engine cylinder block. The outer diameter of the third circular limiting protrusion is the same as the outer diameter of the second circular step. A circular limiting disc is provided on the outer periphery of the second axial end of the crankshaft. The diameter of the circular limiting disc is larger than the diameter of the crankshaft. A second bearing is provided on the outer periphery of the second axial end of the crankshaft. The second axial end of the second bearing is limited by the third circular limiting protrusion and the circular limiting disc. The first axial end of the second bearing is mounted on the second circular step. The outer periphery of the second bearing is fitted against the inner circumferential wall of the second circular step, and the inner periphery of the second bearing is fitted against the side wall of the crankshaft. The inner and outer peripheries of the second bearing are sealed with grease to the corresponding contact surfaces. An extended shaft extends from the second axial end of the crankshaft. A shaft hole is formed through the center of the second end cover. The extended shaft extends outward from the shaft hole. A circular limiting plate is detachably mounted on the extended shaft at the second axial end of the crankshaft. The extended shaft is rotatably sealed with the inner circumferential wall of the shaft hole. The diameter of the extended shaft is smaller than the diameter of the crankshaft. The extended shaft extends outward through the shaft hole. The lead-out end of the extended shaft is linked to the camshaft via a synchronous belt to output power. The diameter of the extended shaft is not less than 5 times the longitudinal section diameter of the annular channel.

2. The intelligent device for real-time monitoring of diesel engine status as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the annular channel is provided with lubricant, and the outer periphery of the longitudinal section of the steel ball slides against the inner wall of the annular channel; the arc of the continuous distribution of the steel ball is half the circumference of the annular channel, and in the initial state, the steel ball is symmetrically distributed in the annular channel on the opposite side of the first opening.

3. The intelligent device for real-time monitoring of diesel engine status as described in claim 2, characterized in that, An annular groove is formed on the first axial end sidewall of the diesel engine cylinder block. The inner side of the annular groove is connected to the first inclined channel. The outer side of the annular groove is closed by the inner sidewall of the first end cover. A second inclined channel is formed in the skirt. The first end of the second inclined channel is connected to the annular channel. A third opening is formed on the inner sidewall of the first end cover. The third opening is connected to the annular groove. The second end of the second inclined channel is connected to the third opening.

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