A lightweight and small-sized high-temperature gas cock valve with continuously adjustable thrust

Abstract

The present invention relates to a lightweight and small-sized high-temperature gas cock valve with continuously adjustable thrust, belonging to the technical field of solid attitude and orbital control engines; a valve cavity heat insulation layer is installed inside the valve housing; a valve stem is installed in the valve housing; one end of the valve stem is located inside the valve cavity, and the other end is connected to a driving device through an adapter, and the controller controls the driving device to drive the valve stem to rotate through a control circuit to realize the opening and closing of the cock valve; a pressing plate is installed on the valve housing through one end of the valve stem; a valve cavity support ring is coaxially installed inside the valve cavity heat insulation layer; there is a first cavity in the valve stem that communicates with the engine combustion chamber, and a second cavity that is perpendicular to and communicates with the first cavity, and gas flows in the cavity, and a nozzle is installed on the valve housing; the present invention overcomes the problems of the existing gas valve throat bolt structure having a relatively large aerodynamic load, a large starting torque, and using a rubber sealing ring, and using more thermal protection structures resulting in a relatively large spatial dimension of the valve and difficult to reduce the mass, which cannot meet the usage requirements of medium and small missiles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of solid attitude and orbit control engines, and relates to a light and small high-temperature gas cock valve with continuously adjustable thrust. Background Art

[0002] Solid attitude and orbit control engines are mainly used to provide power for missile weapons or satellites for orbit change and attitude adjustment. In order to further improve the maneuvering penetration ability of missiles and achieve more complex trajectory control, missile control requires the engine to adjust the thrust size in real time according to combat requirements. The high-temperature gas regulating valve is the key component for the engine to achieve continuous thrust adjustment. Different from ordinary industrial valves, the high-temperature gas regulating valve needs to withstand the erosion of high-temperature gas above 1500 °C, and the internal high-temperature gas pressure can reach above 3 MPa. The widely studied throat plug type regulating valve can effectively achieve thrust adjustment, but to control the movement of the throat plug structure, it is necessary to overcome a large aerodynamic load force, and the starting torque of the driving device is relatively large at the moment of valve opening and closing.

[0003] The throat plug structure usually uses rubber sealing rings to achieve dynamic sealing. In order to ensure the sealing reliability of the rubber sealing structure at a relatively high temperature, the valve usually needs to be designed with multiple layers of heat insulation structures to ensure that the heat transfer temperature at the sealing structure is lower than the rubber seal failure temperature (nearly 200 °C) during the operation of the gas valve. This results in a relatively large valve structure size and mass. The structural characteristics of the throat plug type regulating valve greatly limit its application in medium and small missiles, and it is difficult to meet the requirements of small size space and light weight of missiles. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem solved by the present invention is: overcoming the deficiencies of the prior art, and proposing a light and small high-temperature gas cock valve with continuously adjustable thrust, which overcomes the problems of relatively large aerodynamic load and large starting torque of the existing gas valve throat plug structure, and the use of rubber sealing rings for sealing, resulting in a relatively large valve space size and difficult to reduce the mass, and cannot meet the use requirements of medium and small missiles.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the problem is:

[0006] A light and small high-temperature gas cock valve with continuously adjustable thrust, comprising a valve housing, a valve cavity thermal insulation layer, a nozzle, a valve cavity support ring, a valve rod, a sealing gasket, a pressing plate, a connecting piece, a driving device, a first cavity, a second cavity, a control circuit and a controller; the valve housing is installed on the engine combustion chamber housing;

[0007] Among them, a valve cavity is provided inside the valve housing; a valve cavity heat insulation layer is installed inside the valve cavity, and the valve stem passes through the valve cavity heat insulation layer, the valve housing, the gasket and the interface on the pressing plate in sequence and is installed in the valve housing; one end of the valve stem is located inside the valve cavity, and the other end of the valve stem is connected to the driving device through an adapter. The controller controls the driving device to drive the valve stem to rotate through a control circuit to realize the opening and closing of the plug valve. The valve stem and the valve housing adopt a gasket made of high-temperature resistant graphite material to achieve dynamic sealing. The pressing plate passes through one end of the valve stem and is installed on the valve housing. The pressing plate applies pressure to deform the graphite gasket and achieve dynamic sealing with the valve stem wall surface. The valve cavity support ring is coaxially installed inside the valve cavity heat insulation layer. A gas inlet is provided inside the valve cavity support ring. There is a first cavity in the valve stem that communicates with the engine combustion chamber, and a second cavity that is perpendicular to and communicates with the first cavity. The gas flows in the cavity. The nozzle is installed on the valve housing and is provided with a high-temperature gas passage inside, connected to the valve cavity at one end and communicating with the external atmosphere at the other end.

[0008] In the above-mentioned lightweight and small-sized high-temperature gas plug valve with continuously adjustable thrust, the controller controls the driving device to rotate the valve stem. When the valve stem rotates to make the second cavity communicate with the gas passage of the nozzle, the plug valve opens, and the high-temperature gas is accelerated and ejected through the Laval nozzle to generate thrust; when the valve stem rotates a certain angle and the second cavity forms a seal with the inner wall surface of the valve cavity support ring, the plug valve closes, and the high-temperature gas plug valve does not generate thrust.

[0009] In the above-mentioned lightweight and small-sized high-temperature gas plug valve with continuously adjustable thrust, the driving device is connected to the valve stem through an adapter and drives the valve stem to rotate around the rod axis. By continuously changing the gas flow area through which the second cavity of the valve stem communicates with the gas passage of the nozzle, the opening degree of the plug valve can be continuously adjusted; when the gas flow area is the largest, the plug valve is fully open and the thrust is the largest; when the valve stem rotates to make the second cavity form a seal with the inner wall surface of the valve cavity support ring, the flow area is zero, the plug valve is completely closed, and no thrust is generated.

[0010] In the above-mentioned lightweight and small-sized high-temperature gas plug valve with continuously adjustable thrust, the valve housing is provided with a combustion chamber housing installation port, a nozzle connection port, a valve stem connection port, a sealing structure and a pressing plate connection port; a valve cavity is provided inside the valve housing, and the valve cavity communicates with the engine combustion chamber.

[0011] In the above-mentioned lightweight and small-sized high-temperature gas plug valve with continuously adjustable thrust, the valve cavity heat insulation layer is a carbon fiber molded product, which has the ability to resist the erosion of solid high-temperature gas at 1500°C and is resistant to ablation. During the operation of the plug valve, it can effectively isolate high-temperature heat transfer and protect the reliability of the thermal structure strength of the plug valve.

[0012] In the above-mentioned lightweight and continuously adjustable thrust high-temperature gas cock valve, the valve cavity support ring is coaxially installed inside the valve cavity heat insulation layer. A gas inlet and a gas outlet communicating with the gas passage of the nozzle are provided inside the valve cavity support ring, and the outer wall surface of the valve cavity support ring fits with the inner wall surface of the valve cavity heat insulation layer.

[0013] In the above-mentioned lightweight and continuously adjustable thrust high-temperature gas cock valve, the valve stem is coaxially installed inside the valve cavity support ring. When the valve stem rotates to a position where the second cavity does not communicate with the gas passage of the nozzle, a sealing pair is formed between the outer wall surface of the valve stem and the inner wall surface of the valve cavity support ring, and the cock valve is closed.

[0014] In the above-mentioned lightweight and continuously adjustable thrust high-temperature gas cock valve, a sealing groove structure is provided on the valve body. The high-temperature resistant graphite gasket is installed through the valve stem in the sealing groove, and the pressing plate is installed on the valve body through one end of the valve stem. The pressing plate applies pressure to deform the graphite gasket, forming a static seal with the wall surface of the valve body on the one hand, and achieving a dynamic seal with the wall surface of the valve stem on the other hand. That is, when the valve stem rotates around its axis, the gasket remains stationary, and during the reciprocating rotation of the valve stem relative to the gasket, a dynamic seal between the valve stem and the valve body is achieved.

[0015] In the above-mentioned lightweight and continuously adjustable thrust high-temperature gas cock valve, the external pneumatic load acts on the windward surface of the cock valve and is transmitted to the driving device through the valve stem. The driving device has the ability to absorb overload shocks.

[0016] In the above-mentioned lightweight and continuously adjustable thrust high-temperature gas cock valve, gaps are provided between the surface of the valve stem and the inner wall surfaces of the valve cavity heat insulation layer and the valve cavity support ring. The valve stem is only subjected to pneumatic load force inside the valve cavity, and there is no frictional force acting on the inner wall surfaces of the valve cavity heat insulation layer and the valve cavity support ring, reducing the driving force requirement of the cock valve.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention compared with the prior art are as follows:

[0018] (1) For the cock valve of the present invention, the adjustment of the valve opening is achieved by driving the valve stem to rotate a certain angle around the axis of the valve stem by the driving device. The main pneumatic load on the valve stem comes from the gas flow on the windward surface of the valve stem, and this pneumatic load is transmitted along the axis of the valve stem to the driving device, with the direction perpendicular to the plane of the driving torque. Therefore, the driving torque of the valve stem does not need to overcome this large pneumatic load, reducing the driving force required to control the valve opening compared with the throat bolt type regulating valve, and reducing the starting torque at the moment of valve opening and closing.

[0019] (2) Gaps are provided between the surface of the valve stem installed inside the valve cavity and the inner wall surfaces of the valve cavity heat insulation layer and the valve cavity support ring. The valve stem is only subjected to pneumatic load force inside the valve cavity, and there is no frictional force acting on the inner wall surfaces of the valve cavity heat insulation layer and the valve cavity support ring, reducing the driving force requirement of the valve, lowering the maximum power of the driving device, and thus reducing the structural size of the driving control device.

[0020] (3) The present invention uses a flexible graphite gasket as the dynamic sealing structure material between the valve stem and the valve housing. Since the inside of the valve is high-temperature (above 1500 °C) and high-pressure (above 3 MPa) gas, a multi-layer thermal protection structure design is required inside a conventional throat bolt valve to ensure that the temperature at the rubber sealing structure of the valve stem is lower than the rubber sealing failure temperature;

[0021] (4) The graphite gasket dynamic sealing structure adopted by the present invention has high temperature resistance, reduces the thermal protection requirements of the valve stem sealing structure, reduces the spatial size of the valve, reduces the mass of the inert structure, and makes the valve lightweight and miniaturized; at the same time, flexible graphite has self-lubricating properties, reducing the frictional load when the valve stem rotates. Description of the Drawings

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the high-temperature gas cock valve of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0023] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments.

[0024] The present invention provides a lightweight and miniaturized high-temperature gas cock valve with continuously adjustable thrust, which is applicable to medium and small solid attitude and orbit control engines. The controller controls the drive device to drive the valve stem to rotate. When the second cavity inside the valve stem communicates with the gas passage pipe of the nozzle, the valve opens, and the gas flow area is regulated by adjusting the rotation angle of the valve stem, thereby regulating the high-temperature gas flow rate and the engine thrust; when the valve stem rotates to the critical angle and there is no communication area between the second cavity and the nozzle gas passage, the valve closes and the thrust is zero. A thrust regulation strategy can be designed for thrust regulation.

[0025] The lightweight and miniaturized high-temperature gas cock valve with continuously adjustable thrust, as Figure 1 shown, specifically includes a valve housing 1, a valve cavity thermal insulation layer 2, a nozzle 3, a valve cavity support ring 4, a valve stem 5, a sealing gasket 6, a pressing plate 7, a connecting piece 8, a drive device 9, a first cavity 10, a second cavity 11, a control circuit 12, and a controller 13; the valve housing 1 is installed on the engine combustion chamber housing.

[0026] Among them, a valve cavity is provided inside the valve housing 1; the valve cavity thermal insulation layer 2 is installed inside the valve cavity, the valve stem 5 passes through the valve cavity thermal insulation layer 2, the valve housing 1, the sealing gasket 6 and the interfaces on the pressing plate 7 in sequence and is installed in the valve housing 1; one end of the valve stem 5 is located inside the valve cavity, and the other end of the valve stem 5 is connected to the driving device 9 through the adapter 8. The controller 13 controls the driving device 9 through the control circuit 12 to drive the valve stem 5 to rotate to realize the opening and closing of the plug valve. The valve stem 5 and the valve housing 1 use a sealing gasket 6 made of high-temperature resistant graphite material to achieve dynamic sealing. The pressing plate 7 passes through one end of the valve stem 5 and is installed on the valve housing 1. The pressing plate 7 applies pressure to deform the graphite sealing gasket 6 and achieve dynamic sealing with the wall surface of the valve stem 5. The valve cavity support ring 4 is coaxially installed inside the valve cavity thermal insulation layer 2. A gas inlet is provided inside the valve cavity support ring 4. There is a first cavity 10 in the valve stem 5 that communicates with the engine combustion chamber, and a second cavity 11 that is perpendicular to and communicates with the first cavity 10. The gas flows in the cavity. The nozzle 3 is installed on the valve housing 1 and is provided with a high-temperature gas passage inside, connected to the valve cavity at one end and communicating with the external atmosphere at the other end.

[0027] The controller 13 controls the driving device 9 to rotate the valve stem 5. When the valve stem 5 rotates until the second cavity 11 communicates with the gas passage of the nozzle 3, the plug valve opens, and the high-temperature gas is accelerated and ejected through the Laval nozzle to generate thrust; when the valve stem 5 rotates a certain angle and the second cavity 11 forms a seal with the inner wall surface of the valve cavity support ring 4, the plug valve closes, and the high-temperature gas plug valve does not generate thrust.

[0028] The valve housing is installed on the engine combustion chamber. A valve cavity is provided inside the valve. The nozzle is installed on the valve housing. A gas passage is provided inside the nozzle, connected to the valve cavity at one end and communicating with the external environment at the other end. The valve cavity thermal insulation layer is coaxially installed inside the valve cavity. A single round hole communicating with the gas passage of the nozzle is provided on the side wall of the valve cavity thermal insulation layer. The round hole on the side wall of the valve cavity thermal insulation layer faces the gas passage of the nozzle and is coaxial with it. The valve cavity support ring is coaxially installed inside the valve cavity thermal insulation layer. The outer wall surface of the valve cavity support ring fits with the inner wall surface of the valve cavity thermal insulation layer. A single through hole coaxial with the inner gas passage of the nozzle is provided on the side wall surface of the valve cavity support ring. The installation direction of the through hole faces the nozzle direction. A gas inlet is provided inside the valve cavity support ring.

[0029] The driving device 9 is connected to the valve stem through the adapter 8 and drives the valve stem 5 to rotate around the rod axis. By continuously changing the gas flow area through which the second cavity 11 of the valve stem communicates with the gas passage of the nozzle, the opening degree of the plug valve can be continuously adjusted; when the gas flow area is the largest, the plug valve is fully open and the thrust is the largest; when the valve stem 5 rotates until the second cavity 11 forms a seal with the inner wall surface of the valve cavity support ring 4, the flow area is zero, the plug valve is completely closed, and no thrust is generated.

[0030] The valve housing 1 is provided with a combustion chamber housing mounting port, a nozzle connection port, a valve stem connection port, a sealing structure and a pressing plate connection port; a valve cavity is arranged inside the valve housing 1, and the valve cavity communicates with the engine combustion chamber. The valve cavity insulation layer 2 is a carbon fiber molded product, which has the ability to resist the erosion of 1500°C solid high-temperature gas and is resistant to ablation, and can effectively isolate high-temperature heat transfer during the operation of the plug valve, protecting the reliability of the thermal structure strength of the plug valve.

[0031] The valve cavity support ring 4 is coaxially installed inside the valve cavity insulation layer 2. A gas inlet and a gas outlet communicating with the nozzle gas passage are arranged inside the valve cavity support ring 4, and the outer wall surface of the valve cavity support ring 4 fits with the inner wall surface of the valve cavity insulation layer 2.

[0032] The valve stem 5 is coaxially installed inside the valve cavity support ring 4. When the valve stem rotates to a position where the second cavity 11 does not communicate with the nozzle gas passage, a sealing pair is formed between the outer wall surface of the valve stem 5 and the inner wall surface of the valve cavity support ring 4, and the plug valve is closed.

[0033] The valve housing 1 is provided with a sealing groove structure. The high-temperature resistant graphite gasket 6 is installed in the sealing groove through the valve stem 5, and the pressing plate 7 is installed on the valve housing 1 through one end of the valve stem 5. The pressing plate 7 applies pressure to deform the graphite gasket 6, forming a static seal with the wall surface of the valve housing 1 on the one hand and achieving a dynamic seal with the wall surface of the valve stem 5 on the other hand. That is, when the valve stem 5 rotates around its axis, the gasket 6 remains stationary, and during the reciprocating rotation of the valve stem 5 relative to the gasket, a dynamic seal between the valve stem 5 and the valve housing 1 is achieved.

[0034] The external pneumatic load acts on the windward surface of the plug valve and is transmitted to the driving device 9 through the valve stem 5. The driving device 9 has the ability to absorb overload shocks.

[0035] There are gaps between the surface of the valve stem 5 and the inner wall surfaces of the valve cavity insulation layer 2 and the valve cavity support ring 4. The valve stem 5 is only subjected to pneumatic load force inside the valve cavity and has no frictional force with the inner wall surfaces of the valve cavity insulation layer 2 and the valve cavity support ring 4, reducing the driving force requirement of the plug valve.

[0036] The valve stem passes through the valve cavity support ring, the valve cavity insulation layer, the interface on the valve housing, the gasket and the pressing plate in sequence and is installed inside the valve housing. There is a first cavity communicating with the engine combustion chamber and a second cavity perpendicular to and communicating with the first cavity in the valve stem. Gas flows in the cavity. The gasket passes through the valve stem and is installed in the sealing structure on the valve housing. The pressing plate passes through the valve stem and is connected to the valve housing by threads. The pressing plate applies pressure to deform the graphite gasket, forming a static seal with the wall surface of the valve housing on the one hand and achieving a dynamic seal with the wall surface of the valve stem on the other hand. That is, when the valve stem rotates around its axis, the gasket remains stationary, and during the reciprocating rotation of the valve stem relative to the gasket, a dynamic seal between the valve stem and the valve housing is achieved.

[0037] Specifically, one end of the valve stem is located inside the valve cavity, and the other end of the valve stem is fixedly connected to the adapter. One end of the adapter is installed in the pressure plate and can rotate around the axis, and the other end is fixedly connected to the driving device. The controller controls the driving device to drive the adapter to rotate through the control circuit, and the adapter drives the valve stem to rotate to realize the opening and closing of the valve.

[0038] Specifically, the valve cavity insulation layer is used to block the convective heat transfer of the high-temperature gas inside the valve cavity and protect the thermal structure reliability of the valve during operation. Therefore, the wall thickness of the valve insulation layer needs to be determined according to the high-temperature gas temperature (above 1500 °C) and the working time of the gas valve, and a certain safety margin should be reserved.

[0039] Among them, the controller controls the driving device to work. The driving device is connected to the valve stem through the adapter and drives the valve stem to rotate around the axis of the rod. By continuously changing the gas flow-through area where the second cavity of the valve stem communicates with the gas passage of the nozzle, the valve opening can be continuously adjusted; when the gas flow-through area is the largest, the valve is fully open and the thrust is the largest; when the valve stem rotates until the second cavity forms a seal with the inner wall surface of the valve cavity support ring, the flow-through area is zero, the valve is completely closed, and no thrust is generated. A thrust adjustment strategy can be designed for thrust control.

[0040] Among them, the pneumatic load of the valve mainly acts on the windward surface of the valve and is transmitted to the driving device through the valve stem. The driving device needs to have the ability to absorb overload impact. The driving device can select different driving devices, such as motors, roller screws, hydraulics, etc., according to the load force required to drive the valve and in combination with the configuration of the adapter.

[0041] Among them, for the part of the valve stem installed inside the valve cavity, there are gaps between the surface of the valve stem and the valve cavity insulation layer and the inner wall surface of the valve cavity support ring. The valve stem is only subjected to the pneumatic load force inside the valve cavity and has no frictional force with the valve cavity insulation layer and the inner wall surface of the valve cavity support ring, reducing the driving force requirement of the valve.

[0042] The following is a further description in combination with specific embodiments:

[0043] In this embodiment, as Figure 1As shown in the figure, in a lightweight and small-sized high-temperature gas cock valve with continuously adjustable thrust, the valve housing 1 is installed on the engine combustion chamber, and the nozzle 3 is installed on the valve housing 1. A gas passage is provided inside the nozzle 3, and a valve cavity is provided inside the valve housing 1. The valve cavity heat insulation layer 2 is installed inside the valve cavity. The single hole on the side wall surface of the valve cavity heat insulation layer 2 communicates with the gas passage of the nozzle and is coaxially installed. The valve rod 5 sequentially passes through the valve cavity heat insulation layer 2, the interface on the valve housing 1, the gasket 6, and the interface on the pressing plate 7 from one side of the valve cavity, and is connected in cooperation with the adapter 8. The valve cavity support ring 4 is installed inside the valve cavity heat insulation layer 2. The outer wall surface of the valve cavity support ring 4 fits with the inner wall surface of the valve cavity heat insulation layer 2. The valve cavity support ring 4 is provided with a gas inlet and a gas outlet on the side wall surface. The gas outlet on the side wall surface communicates with the gas passage of the nozzle 3 and is coaxially installed. The gasket 6 is installed in the sealing groove on the valve housing 1 through the valve rod 5. The pressing plate 7 passes through the valve rod 5 and is connected to the valve housing 1 by threads. The pressing plate 7 applies pressure to the gasket 6 in the sealing groove, causing the gasket 6 to deform and form a static seal with the wall surface of the sealing groove of the valve housing 1 and a dynamic seal with the wall surface of the valve rod 5. One end of the adapter 8 is installed in the pressing plate 7 and connected to the valve rod 5, and the other end is fixedly connected to the driving device 9. The controller 13 controls the operation of the driving device 9 through the control line 12, and the driving device 9 drives the adapter 8 to drive the valve rod 5 to rotate.

[0044] There is a first cavity 10 communicating with the engine combustion chamber and a second cavity 11 perpendicular to and communicating with the first cavity 10 in the valve rod 5. The gas flows in the cavity. When the driving device 9 drives the valve rod 5 to rotate until the second cavity 11 communicates with the gas passage of the nozzle 3, the valve opens, and the high-temperature gas is accelerated and ejected through the Laval nozzle, generating thrust. By continuously changing the gas flow area of the second cavity 11 of the valve rod communicating with the gas passage of the nozzle, the valve opening can be continuously adjusted. When the driving device 9 drives the valve rod 5 to rotate a certain angle and the second cavity 11 does not communicate with the gas passage of the nozzle 3, and a sealing pair is formed between the outer wall surface of the valve rod 5 and the inner wall surface of the valve cavity support ring 4, the valve closes, and the high-temperature gas cock valve does not generate thrust.

[0045] The working principle of the present invention is as follows:

[0046] The controller controls the driving device to drive the valve stem of the valve to rotate, so that the valve is in the initial preset opening. After the solid attitude and orbit control engine ignites, the propellant is ignited, and a large amount of high-temperature gas is generated in the engine combustion chamber. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas enters the second cavity of the valve stem through the inlet of the plug valve cavity, and then passes through the nozzle channel, accelerating from subsonic to supersonic in the Laval nozzle, and spraying out from the nozzle outlet to generate thrust. The air controller controls the driving device to rotate the valve stem, changing the gas flow area through which the second cavity of the valve stem communicates with the nozzle gas channel, and can continuously change the thrust magnitude according to requirements. When the gas flow area is the largest, the valve is fully open and the thrust is the largest; when the valve stem rotates to form a seal between the second cavity and the inner wall surface of the valve cavity support ring, the flow area is zero, the valve is completely closed, and no thrust is generated.

[0047] The valve stem and the valve housing use a high-temperature-resistant graphite gasket to achieve dynamic sealing. The pressing plate is installed on the valve housing through one end of the valve stem. The pressing plate applies pressure to deform the graphite gasket, forming a static seal with the wall surface of the valve housing on the one hand, and achieving dynamic sealing with the wall surface of the valve stem on the other hand. That is, when the valve stem rotates around the rod axis, the gasket remains stationary. During the reciprocating rotation of the valve stem relative to the gasket, dynamic sealing between the valve stem and the valve housing is achieved. The graphite gasket dynamic sealing structure adopted in the present invention is high-temperature-resistant (400 - 500 °C), reducing the thermal protection requirements of the valve stem sealing structure, reducing the space size of the valve, reducing the mass of the inert structure, and making the valve lightweight and miniaturized; at the same time, flexible graphite has self-lubricating properties, reducing the friction load when the valve stem rotates.

[0048] The main aerodynamic load of the valve stem comes from the gas flow on the windward surface of the valve stem. This aerodynamic load is transmitted along the axis of the valve stem to the driving device. The driving device needs to have the ability to absorb overload shocks, and the direction is perpendicular to the plane of the driving torque. Therefore, the driving torque of the valve stem does not need to overcome this large aerodynamic load. Compared with the throat bolt type regulating valve, the driving force required to control the valve opening is reduced, and the starting torque at the moment of valve opening and closing is reduced, reducing the maximum power of the driving device, thereby reducing the structural size of the driving control device. The lightweight and miniaturized high-temperature gas plug valve with continuously adjustable thrust described in the present invention can be applied to medium and small solid attitude and orbit control engines. One or more gas plug valves can be connected to one combustion chamber, and combined control is achieved through the controller and the driving device.

[0049] The gas plug valve described in the present invention uses a flexible graphite gasket as the dynamic sealing structure material. The flexible graphite gasket has the property of high temperature resistance. Its service temperature in air is 400 - 500 °C, and it can reach 2500 °C in vacuum and inert gases, which can greatly reduce the thermal protection requirements of the valve structure, thereby reducing the valve space size, reducing the mass of the inert structure, and making the valve lightweight and miniaturized. And the flexible graphite crystal has a layered structure and has self-lubricating properties, which can reduce the friction of the valve stem rotation.

[0050] Although the present invention has been disclosed above in preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention by using the methods and technical content disclosed above without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and decorations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the technical solution of the present invention all fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A light and small high-temperature gas cock valve with continuously adjustable thrust, characterized in that: It includes a valve housing (1), a valve cavity heat insulation layer (2), a nozzle (3), a valve cavity support ring (4), a valve stem (5), a gasket (6), a pressing plate (7), an adapter (8), a driving device (9), a first cavity (10), a second cavity (11), a control circuit (12) and a controller (13); the valve housing (1) is installed on the engine combustion chamber housing; Among them, a valve cavity is provided inside the valve housing (1); the valve cavity heat insulation layer (2) is installed inside the valve cavity, and the valve stem (5) passes through the interfaces on the valve cavity heat insulation layer (2), the valve housing (1), the gasket (6) and the pressing plate (7) in sequence and is installed in the valve housing (1); one end of the valve stem (5) is located inside the valve cavity, and the other end of the valve stem (5) is connected to the driving device (9) through the adapter (8), and the controller (13) controls the driving device (9) to drive the valve stem (5) to rotate through the control circuit (12) to realize the opening and closing of the plug valve. The valve stem (5) and the valve housing (1) use a gasket (6) made of high-temperature resistant graphite material to achieve dynamic sealing. The pressing plate (7) is installed on the valve housing (1) through one end of the valve stem (5). The pressing plate (7) applies pressure to deform the graphite gasket (6) and realize dynamic sealing with the wall surface of the valve stem (5). The valve stem (5) is coaxially installed inside the valve cavity support ring (4), and the valve cavity support ring (4) is coaxially installed inside the valve cavity heat insulation layer (2). A gas inlet is provided inside the valve cavity support ring (4). There is a first cavity (10) along the axis of the valve stem (5) in the valve stem (5) and communicating with the engine combustion chamber, and a second cavity (11) perpendicular to and communicating with the first cavity (10). The gas flows in the cavity. The nozzle (3) is installed on the valve housing (1), and a high-temperature gas channel is provided inside. One end is connected to the valve cavity, and the other end is communicated with the external atmosphere; the external pneumatic load acts on the windward surface of the plug valve and is transmitted to the driving device (9) through the valve stem (5). The driving device (9) has the ability to absorb overload shocks.

2. The high-temperature gas cock valve according to claim 1, which is light and small and has continuously adjustable thrust, is characterized in that: By controlling the driving device (9) to rotate the valve stem (5) through the controller (13), when the valve stem (5) rotates to the position where the second cavity (11) communicates with the gas channel of the nozzle (3), the plug valve opens, and the high-temperature gas is accelerated and ejected through the Laval nozzle to generate thrust; when the valve stem (5) rotates a certain angle and the second cavity (11) forms a seal with the inner wall surface of the valve cavity support ring (4), the plug valve closes, and the high-temperature gas plug valve does not generate thrust.

3. The high-temperature gas cock valve according to claim 2, which is light and small and has continuously adjustable thrust, is characterized in that: The driving device (9) is connected to the valve stem through the adapter (8) and drives the valve stem (5) to rotate around the rod axis. By continuously changing the gas flow area of the second cavity (11) of the valve stem communicating with the gas channel of the nozzle, the opening of the plug valve can be continuously adjusted; when the gas flow area is the largest, the plug valve is fully open and the thrust is the largest; when the valve stem (5) rotates to the position where the second cavity (11) forms a seal with the inner wall surface of the valve cavity support ring (4), the flow area is zero, the plug valve is completely closed, and no thrust is generated.

4. A lightweight and small-sized high-temperature gas cock valve with continuously adjustable thrust according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve housing (1) is provided with a combustion chamber housing installation port, a nozzle connection port, a valve stem connection port, a sealing structure and a pressing plate connection port; a valve cavity is provided inside the valve housing (1), and the valve cavity communicates with the engine combustion chamber.

5. A lightweight and small-sized high-temperature gas cock valve with continuously adjustable thrust according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve cavity heat insulation layer (2) is a carbon fiber molded product, which has the ability to resist the erosion of solid high-temperature gas at 1500 °C and is resistant to ablation. During the operation of the plug valve, it can effectively isolate high-temperature heat transfer and protect the reliability of the thermal structure strength of the plug valve.

6. The high-temperature gas cock valve with a light and small size and continuously adjustable thrust according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve cavity support ring (4) is coaxially installed inside the valve cavity heat insulation layer (2). The valve cavity support ring (4) is provided with a gas inlet and a gas outlet communicating with the gas passage of the nozzle. The outer wall surface of the valve cavity support ring (4) fits with the inner wall surface of the valve cavity heat insulation layer (2).

7. A lightweight and small-sized high-temperature gas cock valve with continuously adjustable thrust according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the valve stem rotates to a position where the second cavity (11) is not connected to the nozzle gas passage, the outer wall surface of the valve stem (5) and the inner wall surface of the valve cavity support ring (4) form a sealing pair, and the plug valve is closed.

8. A lightweight and small-sized high-temperature gas cock valve with continuously adjustable thrust according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve housing (1) is provided with a sealing groove structure. The high-temperature resistant graphite gasket (6) is installed through the valve stem (5) in the sealing groove. The pressing plate (7) is installed through one end of the valve stem (5) on the valve housing (1). The pressing plate (7) applies pressure to deform the graphite gasket (6). On the one hand, it forms a static seal with the wall surface of the valve housing (1), and on the other hand, it realizes a dynamic seal with the wall surface of the valve stem (5). That is, when the valve stem (5) rotates around the rod axis, the gasket (6) remains stationary. During the reciprocating rotation of the valve stem (5) relative to the gasket, a dynamic seal between the valve stem (5) and the valve housing (1) is achieved.

9. The high-temperature gas cock valve with a light and small size and continuously adjustable thrust according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are gaps between the surface of the valve stem (5) and the inner wall surfaces of the valve cavity heat insulation layer (2) and the valve cavity support ring (4). The valve stem (5) is only subjected to pneumatic load force inside the valve cavity and has no frictional force with the inner wall surfaces of the valve cavity heat insulation layer (2) and the valve cavity support ring (4), reducing the driving force requirement of the plug valve.

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