Staged hydro-generator for pipelines and adaptive regulation method

Abstract

This invention provides a staged hydro-generator for pipelines and an adaptive adjustment method, comprising a housing, coil, transmission support, combined bearing, central spring, permanent magnet, and impeller. The outer mounting end of the outer housing is fixedly connected to the outer fixed end of the inner housing. The inner mounting end of the outer housing is connected to the outer mounting end of the transmission support. The coil is located inside the outer housing and between a diaphragm. The impeller is located at a first mounting end inside the transmission support. A second mounting end inside the transmission support is connected to a sealed end outside the inner housing. The outer mounting end of the inner housing is connected to bearing supports in the combined bearing. A third bearing support is connected to a fourth bearing support via a first central spring, and a fifth bearing support is connected to a sixth bearing support via a second central spring. This invention achieves automatic control by adjusting the structural dimensions and spring elasticity coefficient to change the lateral force on the impeller, and by changing the central spring according to the usage scenario to achieve optimal power generation performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydropower technology, particularly to hydropower machinery using pipeline turbine generators, and especially to a staged turbine generator for pipelines and an adaptive regulation method. Background Technology

[0002] Hydropower is an important source of electricity in my country, and the recovery and reuse of water energy plays a crucial role in energy conservation, emission reduction, and low-carbon environmental protection. Existing pipeline hydro-turbine generator equipment lacks energy recovery capabilities for different water flow rates. When the water flow is too small, it cannot drive the impeller to rotate and generate electricity; when the water flow is too large, its power generation efficiency often cannot reach the power generation effect of the turbine under high flow conditions.

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical problems, patents have been developed for various solutions, such as a pipeline generator. However, this solution suffers from a complex structure and high mass, resulting in low power generation and potentially causing the electric valve to fail to start. Another patented solution is a novel integrated spiral impeller hydroelectric generator. While this solution avoids the problems of multi-stage transmission, the angle at which the fluid impacts the spiral impeller cannot be guaranteed due to the fluid acting directly on it, leading to insufficient utilization of fluid energy and a low efficiency in fluid energy utilization. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a staged hydro-generator for pipelines and an adaptive adjustment method. The method utilizes the fluid flow through the impeller to adaptively adjust the meshing displacement of a first central spring located between the third and fourth bearing supports in the second combined bearing, and a second central spring located between the fifth and sixth bearing supports in the third combined bearing. This achieves the orderly connection of the first, second, and third permanent magnets installed on the second, third, and fourth combined bearings, improving the energy conversion efficiency for different flow rates and completing staged energy recovery.

[0005] This invention provides a staged hydro-generator for pipelines, comprising an outer casing, a dynamic seal, a static seal, a diaphragm, an inner casing, a coil, a transmission support, a combined bearing, a central spring, a permanent magnet, and an impeller. The outer mounting end of the outer casing is fixedly connected to the outer fixed end of the inner casing. The inner mounting end of the outer casing is sequentially connected to the outer mounting end of the transmission support via a first dynamic seal, a second dynamic seal, and a first combined bearing. The coil is located inside the outer casing and between the diaphragm. The mounting end of the diaphragm is sequentially connected to the inner fixed end of the outer casing via a first static seal, a second static seal, a third static seal, and a fourth static seal. The impeller is located at the first mounting end inside the transmission support. The second mounting end inside the transmission support is connected to the outer sealing end of the inner casing via a third dynamic seal. The outer fixed end of the transmission support is connected to the mounting end of a first rotor support. The outer mounting end of the inner casing is connected to the inner ring mounting ends of the bearing supports in the second, third, and fourth combined bearings via a second linear bearing. The connecting end of the third bearing bracket in the second combined bearing is connected to the connecting end of the fourth bearing bracket in the third combined bearing via the first central spring. The connecting end of the fifth bearing bracket in the third combined bearing is connected to the connecting end of the sixth bearing bracket in the fourth combined bearing via the second central spring. The external mounting ends of the first rotor bracket in the second combined bearing, the second rotor bracket in the third combined bearing, and the third rotor bracket in the fourth combined bearing are respectively fixedly connected to the first permanent magnet, the second permanent magnet, and the third permanent magnet. The impeller generates axial force under the drive of the water flow. Depending on the magnitude of the axial force, the first and second central springs reach meshing displacement under the drive of the combined bearings connected to them. By adjusting the length and elastic coefficient of the central springs, the flow environment can be adapted to different conditions, and the number of permanent magnets participating in power generation can be adaptively adjusted under different flow rates, thereby forming different power generation modules.

[0006] Preferably, the first combined bearing includes a first linear bearing, a first ball bearing, and a first bearing bracket. The inner ring of the first linear bearing is connected to a first end of the first bearing bracket, the second end of the first bearing bracket is connected to the outer ring of the first ball bearing, the outer ring of the first linear bearing is connected to a first mounting end inside the housing, and the inner ring of the first ball bearing is connected to a first mounting end outside the transmission bracket. The first ball bearing enables radial relative rotation between the housing and the first transmission bracket, and the first linear bearing enables axial translation between the first bearing bracket and the housing.

[0007] Preferably, the second combined bearing includes a first rotor support, a second bearing support, a second ball bearing, a third bearing support, and a third ball bearing. The first mounting end and the second mounting end inside the first rotor support are respectively connected to the outer ring mounting ends of the second bearing support and the third bearing support through the second ball bearing and the third ball bearing.

[0008] Preferably, the third combined bearing includes a second rotor support, a fourth bearing support, a fourth ball bearing, a fifth bearing support, and a fifth ball bearing. The first mounting end and the second mounting end inside the second rotor support are respectively connected to the outer ring mounting ends of the fourth bearing support and the fifth bearing support through the fourth ball bearing and the fifth ball bearing.

[0009] Preferably, the fourth combined bearing includes a third rotor support, a sixth bearing support, a sixth ball bearing, a seventh bearing support, and a seventh ball bearing. The first and second mounting ends inside the third rotor support are respectively connected to the outer ring mounting ends of the sixth and seventh bearing supports through the sixth and seventh ball bearings.

[0010] Preferably, the axes of the outer shell, the diaphragm, the inner shell, the coil, the transmission bracket, the rotor bracket, the bearing bracket, the linear bearing, the ball bearing, and the impeller are on the same straight line.

[0011] Preferably, the connecting ends of the first rotor support, the second rotor support and the third rotor support are provided with support slots in the circumferential direction, and the support slots are symmetrically distributed on the two contact ends of the second rotor support.

[0012] In another aspect, the present invention provides an adaptive adjustment method for a staged hydro-generator used in the aforementioned pipeline, comprising the following steps:

[0013] S1. Water flow is introduced into the first mounting end impeller located inside the transmission bracket, thereby generating an axial force F0 and an axial displacement X0 in the entire hydro-generator.

[0014] S2. Let X1 be the displacement generated by the water flow in the third bearing bracket or the fourth bearing bracket of the third combined bearing, and let X2 be the displacement generated by the water flow in the fifth bearing bracket of the third combined bearing or the sixth bearing bracket of the fourth combined bearing. Then, let X1 and X2 be respectively coupled with the meshing displacement X of the first central spring. 11 The meshing displacement X of the second central spring 21 By comparing the results, the number of permanent magnets to be connected can be determined:

[0015] If X1 <X 11 And X2 <X 22At that time, the water flow drives the impeller to transmit power to the first rotor support of the second combined bearing, thereby realizing the relative rotation of the first permanent magnet and the coil, completing the first stage of energy conversion and recovery, and then realizing the relative rotation of the first permanent magnet, the second permanent magnet and the coil to complete the first and second stages of energy conversion and recovery.

[0016] If X1 = X 11 And X2 <X 22 At that time, the water flow drives the impeller to directly mesh the first rotor support of the second combined bearing and the second rotor support of the third combined bearing, thereby realizing the relative rotation of the first permanent magnet, the second permanent magnet and the coil, and completing the energy conversion and recovery of the first and second stages.

[0017] If X1 = X 11 And X2 = X 22 At that time, the water flow drives the impeller to directly mesh with the first rotor support of the second combined bearing and the second rotor support of the third combined bearing in sequence, and at the same time, directly mesh with the second rotor support of the third combined bearing and the third rotor support of the fourth combined bearing, thereby realizing the relative rotation of the first permanent magnet, the second permanent magnet and the third permanent magnet and the coil, and completing the energy conversion and recovery of the first, second and third stages.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0019] 1. This invention uses water flow in a pipeline as a power source. When the water flow is low, the water pushes the impeller to move axially, resulting in a small axial force. Neither of the two sets of central springs can reach the engagement displacement, and the first permanent magnet participates in power generation. When the water flow is moderate, the water pushes the impeller to move axially, resulting in a moderate axial force. The first central spring reaches the engagement displacement, while the second central spring cannot. Both the first and second permanent magnets participate in power generation. When the water flow is high, the water pushes the impeller to move axially, resulting in a large axial force. Both the first and second central springs reach the engagement displacement, and the first, second, and third permanent magnets all participate in power generation. The axial force of the water flow on the impeller at different flow rates is variable. Through the impeller, two sets of central springs, and four combined bearings, the number of permanent magnets participating in power generation is adaptively adjusted under different flow rates. An adaptive graded power generation module is used to improve energy conversion efficiency under different flow conditions.

[0020] 2. This invention employs a mechanical method to control power generation based on flow rate. The length and spring constant of the central spring are adjusted to adapt to different flow conditions. When the water flow is generally low, a central spring with a smaller spring constant or shorter length can be used to achieve a smaller engagement displacement and better grading effect. When the water flow is generally high, a central spring with a larger spring constant or longer length can be used to achieve a larger engagement displacement and better grading effect. The parameters of multiple sets of springs can also be adjusted according to the specific intensity of water flow changes. Automatic control is achieved through the lateral force of the water flow on the impeller and the performance of the springs. This method has a wide range of applications and is easy to adjust.

[0021] 3. This invention addresses different pipe diameters and water flow rates by refining the number of stages through adjustments to structural dimensions and the number of combined shafts and permanent magnets. The overall structural dimensions can be designed according to the pipe diameter. When the water flow rate varies significantly, more stages can be used to adapt to large changes in flow. When the water flow is relatively stable with smaller variations, fewer stages can be used to achieve energy recovery. Appropriate springs can be replaced according to the actual usage scenario to achieve optimal structural performance and power generation efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram of the staged hydro-generator used in pipelines according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a diagram of the transmission structure of the staged hydro-generator used in pipelines according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the second rotor support for the staged hydro-generator used in pipelines according to the present invention.

[0025] Key reference numerals:

[0026] 1. Outer shell; 2. First dynamic seal; 3. First linear bearing; 4. Second dynamic seal; 501. First static seal; 502. Second static seal; 6. First fixing screw; 7. Diaphragm; 8. Second fixing screw; 9. Inner shell; 1001. Third static seal; 1002. Coil; 11. Second linear bearing; 12. Third dynamic seal; 13. Transmission bracket; 14. First ball bearing; 15. First bearing bracket; 16. Second bearing bracket; 1701. Seventh bearing bracket; 1702. Second ball bearing; 1801. Third ball shaft. Bearing 1802, fourth ball bearing 1803, fifth ball bearing 1804, sixth ball bearing 1805, seventh ball bearing 1806, first rotor support 19, third bearing support 2001, fourth bearing support 2002, fifth bearing support 2003, sixth bearing support 2004, first center spring 21, second rotor support 22, support slot 2201, second center spring 23, third rotor support 24, third permanent magnet 25, second permanent magnet 26, first permanent magnet 27, impeller 28. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To fully describe the technical content, structural features, objectives, and effects of this invention, a detailed description will be provided below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0028] Staged hydro-generators for pipelines, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes an outer shell 1, a first dynamic seal 2, a second dynamic seal 4, a first static seal 501, a second static seal 502, a third static seal 1001, a fourth static seal 1002, a third dynamic seal 13, a diaphragm 7, an inner shell 9, a coil 11, a transmission bracket 14, a combined bearing, a first central spring 21, a second central spring 23, a third permanent magnet 25, a second permanent magnet 26, a first permanent magnet 27, and an impeller 28.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, the axes of the outer shell 1, diaphragm 7, inner shell 9, coil 11, transmission bracket 14, first rotor bracket 19, second rotor bracket 22, third rotor bracket 24, first bearing bracket 16, second bearing bracket 1701, third bearing bracket 2001, fourth bearing bracket 2002, fifth bearing bracket 2003, sixth bearing bracket 2004, seventh bearing bracket 1702, first linear bearing 3, second linear bearing 12, first ball bearing 15, second ball bearing 1801, third ball bearing 1802, fourth ball bearing 1803, fifth ball bearing 1804, sixth ball bearing 1805, seventh ball bearing 1806, and impeller 28 are on the same straight line.

[0030] like Figure 1As shown, the external mounting end of the outer shell 1 is fixedly connected to the external fixing end of the inner shell 9 through the second fixing screw 8. The input end of the outer shell 1 and the output end of the inner shell 9 are respectively connected to the input end and output end of the external device. The internal mounting end of the outer shell 1 is connected to the external mounting end of the transmission bracket 14 through the first dynamic seal 2, the second dynamic seal 4 and the first combined bearing in sequence. The first dynamic seal 2 and the second dynamic seal 4 achieve the seal between the outer shell 1 and the first transmission bracket 14, providing effective water-proof performance for the first combined bearing. The coil 11 is located inside the outer shell 1 and between the diaphragm 7. The mounting end of the diaphragm 7 is connected to the internal fixing end of the outer shell 1 through the first static seal 501, the second static seal 502, the third static seal 1001 and the fourth static seal 1002 in sequence. The first static seal 501, the second static seal 502, the third static seal 1001, the fourth static seal 1002 and the diaphragm 7 provide strict water-proof performance for the coil 11.

[0031] like Figure 2 As shown, the impeller 28 is located at the first mounting end inside the transmission bracket 14. The second mounting end inside the transmission bracket 14 is connected to the sealing end outside the inner housing 9 through the third dynamic seal 13. The third dynamic seal 13 and the second dynamic seal 4 provide effective water-proof performance for the second combined bearing, the third combined bearing, the fourth combined bearing, and the second linear bearing 12. The fixed end outside the transmission bracket 14 is connected to the mounting end of the first rotor bracket 19 through the first fixing screw 6, realizing the power transmission to the second combined bearing. The mounting end outside the inner housing 9 is connected to the inner ring mounting end of the bearing bracket in the second combined bearing, the third combined bearing, and the fourth combined bearing through the second linear bearing 12, thereby realizing the relative translation between the second bearing bracket 1701, the third bearing bracket 2001, the fourth bearing bracket 2002, the fifth bearing bracket 2003, the sixth bearing bracket 2004, and the seventh bearing bracket 1702 and the inner housing 9.

[0032] The connecting end of the third bearing bracket 2001 in the second combined bearing is connected to the connecting end of the fourth bearing bracket 2002 in the third combined bearing through the first central spring 21 with a spring coefficient of K1. By compressing the first central spring 21, the first rotor bracket 19 in the second combined bearing and the bracket slot 2201 on the second rotor bracket 22 in the third combined bearing are directly engaged. The connecting end of the fifth bearing bracket 2003 in the third combined bearing is connected to the connecting end of the sixth bearing bracket 2004 in the fourth combined bearing through the second central spring 23 with a spring coefficient of K2. By compressing the second central spring 23, the second rotor bracket 22 in the third combined bearing and the bracket slot 2201 on the third rotor bracket 24 in the fourth combined bearing are directly engaged. The orderly engagement further enables the orderly engagement of the first permanent magnet 27, the second permanent magnet 26 and the third permanent magnet 25 installed on the second combined bearing, the third combined bearing and the fourth combined bearing.

[0033] The external mounting ends of the first rotor support 19 in the second combined bearing, the second rotor support 22 in the third combined bearing, and the third rotor support 24 in the fourth combined bearing are respectively fixed to the first permanent magnet 27, the second permanent magnet 26, and the third permanent magnet 25. The energy recovery is achieved by adjusting the number of permanent magnets connected. The first permanent magnet 27, the second permanent magnet 26, and the third permanent magnet 25 achieve relative rotation with the inner shell 9 through the second combined bearing, the third combined bearing, the fourth combined bearing, and the second linear bearing 12, thereby achieving relative rotation between the coil 11 and the permanent magnet.

[0034] Specifically, the first combined bearing is used to realize the radial relative rotation and axial relative translation between the first transmission support 14 and the housing 1. It includes a first linear bearing 3, a first ball bearing 15, and a first bearing support 16. The first bearing support 16 is located in the linear groove of the housing 1. The inner ring of the first linear bearing 3 is connected to the first end of the first bearing support 16, the second end of the first bearing support 16 is connected to the outer ring of the first ball bearing 15, the outer ring of the first linear bearing 3 is connected to the first mounting end inside the housing 1, and the inner ring of the first ball bearing 15 is connected to the first mounting end outside the transmission support 14. The radial relative rotation between the housing 1 and the first transmission support 14 is realized through the first ball bearing 15, and the axial translation between the first bearing support 16 and the housing 1 is realized through the first linear bearing 3.

[0035] The second combined bearing is used for the radial rotation and support of the first rotor support 19 with the second bearing support 1701 and the third bearing support 2001, thereby realizing the relative rotation of the first permanent magnet 27 and the coil 11. It includes the first rotor support 19, the second bearing support 1701, the second ball bearing 1801, the third bearing support 2001 and the third ball bearing 1802. The first mounting end and the second mounting end inside the first rotor support 19 are respectively connected to the outer ring mounting ends of the second bearing support 1701 and the third bearing support 2001 through the second ball bearing 1801 and the third ball bearing 1802.

[0036] The third combined bearing is used for the radial rotation and support of the second rotor support 22 with the fourth bearing support 2002 and the fifth bearing support 2003 respectively, thereby realizing the relative rotation of the second permanent magnet 26 and the coil 11. It includes the second rotor support 22, the fourth bearing support 2002, the fourth ball bearing 1803, the fifth bearing support 2003 and the fifth ball bearing 1804. The first mounting end and the second mounting end inside the second rotor support 22 are respectively connected to the outer ring mounting ends of the fourth bearing support 2002 and the fifth bearing support 2003 through the fourth ball bearing 1803 and the fifth ball bearing 1804.

[0037] The fourth combined bearing is used for the radial rotation and support of the third rotor support 24 with the sixth bearing support 2004 and the seventh bearing support 1702, thereby realizing the relative rotation of the third permanent magnet 25 and the coil 11. It includes the third rotor support 24, the sixth bearing support 2004, the sixth ball bearing 1805, the seventh bearing support 1702 and the seventh ball bearing 1806. The first mounting end and the second mounting end inside the third rotor support 24 are respectively connected to the outer ring mounting ends of the sixth bearing support 2004 and the seventh bearing support 1702 through the sixth ball bearing 1805 and the seventh ball bearing 1806.

[0038] Preferably, the connecting ends of the first rotor support 19, the second rotor support 22, and the third rotor support 24 are provided with support grooves 2201 in the circumferential direction, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the bracket slots 2201 are symmetrically distributed at the two contact ends of the second rotor bracket 22.

[0039] The following describes in further detail an embodiment of the present invention: a staged hydro-generator for pipelines and an adaptive regulation method.

[0040] The specific working process of the staged hydro-generator for pipelines for energy recovery of water flow at different rates is as follows:

[0041] First, the inner housing 9 and the outer housing 1 are fixedly installed using the second fixing screw 8, and the coil 11 is wound and fixed inside the outer housing 1. The outer housing 1 is sealed with a diaphragm 7 through the first static seal 501, the second static seal 502, the third static seal 1001 and the fourth static seal 1002 to isolate the permanent magnet from the coil 11. A first central spring 21 with a spring coefficient of K1 is installed between the third bearing bracket 2001 and the fourth bearing bracket 2002 of the second combined bearing, and a second central spring 23 with a spring coefficient of K2 is installed between the fifth bearing bracket 2003 of the third combined bearing and the sixth bearing bracket 2004 of the fourth combined bearing.

[0042] Next, water flow is input to the impeller 28 through the input terminal of an external device. The energy of the water flow is converted into rotational mechanical energy of the first transmission bracket 14, and the power is transmitted to the first rotor bracket 19 of the second combined bearing through the first fixing screw 6. The input water flow generates an axial force F0 and an axial displacement X0 through the impeller 28, where F0 = K1X1 + K2X2, X0 = X1 + X2, and K2 > K1. In these formulas, X1 is the displacement of either the third bearing bracket 2001 or the fourth bearing bracket 2002 of the second combined bearing (the meshing displacement is X). 11The meshing displacement refers to the relative displacement that enables the bracket slots 2201 on both sides of the central spring to mesh. During the increase in water flow, the water flow pushes the permanent magnet assembly to move laterally, and the two permanent magnet assemblies compress the central spring to mesh. The amount by which the central spring is compressed is the meshing displacement, i.e., the relative displacement of the two permanent magnet assemblies. X2 is the displacement of the fifth bearing bracket 2003 of the third combined bearing or the sixth bearing bracket 2004 of the fourth combined bearing (the meshing displacement is X). 21 ).

[0043] If the flow rate in the pipe is small, i.e., X1 <X 11 And X2 <X 22 The input fluid generates an axial force F0 and an axial displacement X0 through the impeller 28, where X0 = X1 + X2, X1 <X 11 And X2 <X 22 The direct meshing of the first rotor support 19 of the second combined bearing and the second rotor support 22 of the third combined bearing cannot be achieved. The impeller 28 converts the energy of the input water flow into the rotational mechanical energy of the first transmission support 14, and then transmits the power to the first rotor support 19 of the second combined bearing through the first fixing screw 6. Since the first permanent magnet 27 is installed on the first rotor support 19, the relative rotation between the first permanent magnet 27 and the coil 11 is achieved, thereby cutting the magnetic field lines and converting mechanical energy into electrical energy, completing the first stage of energy conversion and recovery.

[0044] When the flow rate in the pipe is moderate, that is, X1 = X 11 And X2 <X 22 The input water flow generates an axial force F0 and an axial displacement X0 through the impeller 28, where X0 = X1 + X2, X1 = X 11 And X2 <X 22 The first rotor support 19 of the second combined bearing and the second rotor support 22 of the third combined bearing are directly meshed, but the direct meshing of the second rotor support 22 of the third combined bearing and the third rotor support 24 of the fourth combined bearing cannot be achieved. The impeller 28 converts the energy of the input water flow into the rotational mechanical energy of the first transmission support 14, and then transmits the power to the first rotor support 19 of the second combined bearing through the first fixing screw 6. The direct meshing of the first rotor support 19 of the second combined bearing and the second rotor support 22 of the third combined bearing achieves the power transmission of the second rotor support 22 of the third combined bearing. Since the first permanent magnet 27 is installed on the first rotor support 19 and the second permanent magnet 26 is installed on the second rotor support 22, the relative rotation of the first permanent magnet 27, the second permanent magnet 26 and the coil 11 is achieved, thereby cutting the magnetic field lines and converting mechanical energy into electrical energy, completing the energy conversion and recovery of the first and second stages.

[0045] When the flow rate in the pipe is sufficient, i.e., X1 = X 11 And X2 = X 22 The input fluid generates an axial force F0 and an axial displacement X0 through the impeller 28, where X0 = X1 + X2, X1 = X 11 And X2 = X 22 This achieves direct meshing between the first rotor support 19 of the second combined bearing and the second rotor support 22 of the third combined bearing, while simultaneously satisfying direct meshing between the second rotor support 22 of the third combined bearing and the third rotor support 24 of the fourth combined bearing. The impeller 28 converts the energy of the input liquid into the rotational mechanical energy of the first transmission support 14, and transmits the power to the first rotor support 19 of the second combined bearing through the first fixing screw 6. The direct meshing between the first rotor support 19 of the second combined bearing and the second rotor support 22 of the third combined bearing achieves power transmission to the second rotor support 22 of the third combined bearing. The direct meshing of the second rotor support 22 of the third combined bearing and the third rotor support 24 of the fourth combined bearing enables the power transmission of the third rotor support 24 of the fourth combined bearing. Since the first permanent magnet 27 is installed on the first rotor support 19, the second permanent magnet 26 is installed on the second rotor support 22, and the third permanent magnet 25 is installed on the third rotor support 24, the relative rotation of the first permanent magnet 27, the second permanent magnet 26, and the third permanent magnet 25 with the coil 11 is realized, thereby cutting the magnetic field lines and converting mechanical energy into electrical energy, completing the energy conversion and recovery of the first, second, and third stages.

[0046] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A staged hydro-generator for pipelines, comprising an outer casing, an inner casing, a transmission support, a first combined bearing, a second combined bearing, a third combined bearing, a fourth combined bearing, and an impeller, characterized in that, The outer mounting end of the outer shell and the outer fixed end of the inner shell are fixedly connected. The inner mounting end of the outer shell is connected to the outer mounting end of the transmission bracket in sequence through a dynamic seal and a first combined bearing. The coil is located between the inner shell and the diaphragm. The mounting end of the diaphragm is connected to the inner fixed end of the outer shell in sequence through a static seal. The impeller is located at the first mounting end inside the transmission bracket. The second mounting end inside the transmission bracket is connected to the sealing end outside the inner housing through a third dynamic seal. The fixed end outside the transmission bracket is connected to the mounting end of the first rotor bracket. The mounting end outside the inner housing is connected to the inner ring mounting end of the bearing bracket in the second combined bearing, the third combined bearing, and the fourth combined bearing through a second linear bearing. The connecting end of the third bearing bracket in the second combined bearing is connected to the connecting end of the fourth bearing bracket in the third combined bearing through the first central spring. The connecting end of the fifth bearing bracket in the third combined bearing is connected to the connecting end of the sixth bearing bracket in the fourth combined bearing through the second central spring. The external mounting ends of the first rotor bracket in the second combined bearing, the second rotor bracket in the third combined bearing, and the third rotor bracket in the fourth combined bearing are respectively fixedly connected to the first permanent magnet, the second permanent magnet, and the third permanent magnet. The impeller generates axial force under the drive of the water flow. According to the magnitude of the generated axial force, the first central spring and the second central spring reach the meshing displacement under the drive of the combined bearing connected to them. By adjusting the length and elastic coefficient of the central spring, it can adapt to the flow environment under different conditions, and adaptively adjust the number of permanent magnets participating in power generation under different flow rates, thereby forming different power generation modules. The first combined bearing includes a first linear bearing, a first ball bearing, and a first bearing bracket. The inner ring of the first linear bearing is connected to a first end of the first bearing bracket, the second end of the first bearing bracket is connected to the outer ring of the first ball bearing, the outer ring of the first linear bearing is connected to a first mounting end inside the housing, and the inner ring of the first ball bearing is connected to a first mounting end outside the transmission bracket. The first ball bearing enables radial relative rotation between the housing and the transmission bracket, and the first linear bearing enables axial translation between the first bearing bracket and the housing. The second combined bearing includes a first rotor support, a second bearing support, a second ball bearing, a third bearing support, and a third ball bearing. The first mounting end and the second mounting end inside the first rotor support are respectively connected to the outer ring mounting ends of the second bearing support and the third bearing support through the second ball bearing and the third ball bearing. The third combined bearing includes a second rotor support, a fourth bearing support, a fourth ball bearing, a fifth bearing support, and a fifth ball bearing. The first mounting end and the second mounting end inside the second rotor support are respectively connected to the outer ring mounting ends of the fourth bearing support and the fifth bearing support through the fourth ball bearing and the fifth ball bearing. The fourth combined bearing includes a third rotor support, a sixth bearing support, a sixth ball bearing, a seventh bearing support, and a seventh ball bearing. The first and second mounting ends inside the third rotor support are respectively connected to the outer ring mounting ends of the sixth and seventh bearing supports through the sixth and seventh ball bearings.

2. The staged hydro-generator for pipelines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The axes of the outer shell, the diaphragm, the inner shell, the coil, the transmission bracket, the rotor bracket, the bearing bracket, the linear bearing, the ball bearing, and the impeller are all on the same straight line.

3. The staged hydro-generator for pipelines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first rotor support, the second rotor support and the third rotor support are provided with support slots in the circumferential direction at the connection end, and the support slots are symmetrically distributed on the two contact ends of the second rotor support.

4. An adaptive adjustment method for a staged hydro-generator for a pipeline according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Water flow is introduced into the first mounting end impeller located inside the transmission bracket, thereby generating an axial force F0 and an axial displacement X0 in the entire hydro-generator. S2. Let X1 be the displacement generated by the water flow in the third bearing bracket or the fourth bearing bracket of the third combined bearing, and let X2 be the displacement generated by the water flow in the fifth bearing bracket of the third combined bearing or the sixth bearing bracket of the fourth combined bearing. Then, let X1 and X2 be respectively coupled with the meshing displacement X of the first central spring. 11 The meshing displacement X of the second central spring 21 By comparing the results, the number of permanent magnets to be connected can be determined: If X1 <X 11 And X2 <X 22 At that time, the water flow drives the impeller to transmit power to the first rotor support of the second combined bearing, thereby realizing the relative rotation of the first permanent magnet and the coil, completing the first stage of energy conversion and recovery, and then realizing the relative rotation of the first permanent magnet, the second permanent magnet and the coil to complete the first and second stages of energy conversion and recovery; If X1=X 11 And X2 <X 22 At that time, the water flow drives the impeller to directly mesh the first rotor support of the second combined bearing and the second rotor support of the third combined bearing, thereby realizing the relative rotation of the first permanent magnet, the second permanent magnet and the coil, and completing the energy conversion and recovery between the first and second stages. If X1=X 11 And X2 = X 22 At that time, the water flow drives the impeller to directly mesh with the first rotor support of the second combined bearing and the second rotor support of the third combined bearing in sequence, and at the same time directly mesh with the second rotor support of the third combined bearing and the third rotor support of the fourth combined bearing, thereby realizing the relative rotation of the first permanent magnet, the second permanent magnet and the third permanent magnet with the coil, and completing the energy conversion and recovery of the first, second and third stages.

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