A device and method for quickly determining the clamped center of large or heavy shaft forgings

Abstract

The application discloses a device and method for quickly determining the outer diameter circle center or clamping center of large shaft forgings. Laser is used to irradiate the end surface of the shaft forging by using an end surface leveler, three groups of mutually intersecting and vertical laser lines are generated on the end surface, and the up and down and left and right of the intersection points are equal. The area circle formed by the three intersection points is the area of the two end circle centers. Then, a laser line is irradiated along the generatrix direction around the shaft forging at one end of the shaft forging. The distance between the laser line and the surface of the stepped shaft section at the other end surface is measured. The distance between the remaining generatrix direction laser lines and the surface of the stepped shaft section at the other end surface is measured again after the shaft forging is rotated. The distances of all the measurements are equal, and the positions of the two end circle centers are further determined. Finally, the distances of the remaining stepped shaft sections between the two end surfaces are measured in sequence, and whether the two end circle centers meet the actual processing requirements is checked. The device is simple, convenient and portable, has low technical requirements for the operator, and can quickly and accurately realize the centering of the circle center.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to heavy workpiece machining technology field, especially to heavy workpiece clamping technology and device. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of heavy workpiece machining, before the machine tool processes the parts, the clamping center of the heavy workpiece needs to be determined. Because the heavy shaft type forge workpiece is large in size and difficult to carry, the diameter of the stepped shaft in the middle part of the shaft type forge workpiece is large. The existing center measuring equipment and technology cannot accurately measure the clamping center of the shaft type forge workpiece, especially the outer diameter center of the stepped shaft in the middle part of the rotary body. SUMMARY

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a device and method for quickly determining the clamping center of a large or heavy shaft type forge workpiece, which can accurately and quickly measure the clamping center of the shaft type forge workpiece, especially the outer diameter center of the stepped shaft in the middle part of the rotary body.

[0004] To solve the above technical scheme, the present application adopts the following technical scheme:

[0005] A device for quickly determining the outer diameter center or clamping center of a large shaft type forge workpiece, characterized in that:

[0006] It comprises a laser level (5) and a rotating support with a magnetic suction seat;

[0007] The rotating support with a magnetic suction seat comprises a magnetic suction seat (1), an end face center pointing shaft (2), a suction seat support (3), and a rotating support (4);

[0008] The rotating support (4) is a telescopic rotating support, one end of which is a center connecting end, and the other end of which is a telescopic arm that can rotate around the axis of the center connecting end. The laser level (5) is arranged at the end of the telescopic arm, and the axis of the center connecting end is arranged vertically to the telescopic arm;

[0009] One end of the end face center pointing shaft (2) is a sharp tip, and the other end is rotatably connected to the center connecting end of the rotating support (4). The center connecting end and the end face center pointing shaft (2) are concentrically arranged so that the rotating support (4) can rotate 360° around the end face center pointing shaft (2);

[0010] The length of the telescopic arm is greater than the maximum radius of the shaft type forge workpiece, and a scale is attached to the outer surface thereof;

[0011] The suction seat support (3) is an L-shaped support, one end of which is parallel to the end face center pointing shaft (2) and the other end of which is connected to the magnetic suction seat (1). The other end of the L-shaped support is connected perpendicularly to the end face center pointing shaft (2), and the outer end surface of the magnetic suction seat (1) that contacts the end face is flush with the sharp tip of the end face center pointing shaft (2).

[0012] In the technical solution, the other end of the end face center pointing shaft (2) is rotatably connected to the center connecting end of the rotating support (4) through a rotating bearing.

[0013] In the technical solution, the rotating support (4) is arranged to rotate 360 degrees around the end face center pointing shaft (2).

[0014] In the technical solution, the laser level (5) adjusts the appropriate position of the laser in the radial direction of the shaft forging through the extension and retraction action and the circumferential rotation action of the extension arm.

[0015] In the technical solution, the extension arm is a sliding extension caliper structure.

[0016] A method for quickly determining the outer diameter center or clamping center of a large shaft forging by using the above device, characterized in that a laser is used to irradiate the end face of the shaft forging through the end face level, three mutually intersecting and perpendicular laser lines are generated on the end face, and the intersection points are equal in up and down and left and right, and the area circle formed by the three intersection points is the area of the two end centers;

[0017] Then, at one end of the shaft forging, a laser line is irradiated along the generatrix direction around the shaft forging, the distance between the laser line and the stepped shaft segment surface at the other end face is measured, and the distance between the remaining generatrix direction laser line and the stepped shaft segment surface at the other end face is measured again after rotating a point, so that all the measured distances are equal and the positions of the two end centers are further determined.

[0018] Finally, the distances of the remaining stepped shaft segments between the two end faces are measured in turn to check whether the two end centers meet the actual processing requirements.

[0019] The technical solution includes the following specific steps:

[0020] S1: At one end of the shaft forging, two mutually intersecting and perpendicular laser projection straight lines L1 and L2 are formed on the surface of the one end by using a laser level, the lengths of the upper and lower and left and right line segments of the two straight lines are measured by using a ruler, the laser level is moved to make the upper and lower and left and right line segments equal, and the intersection points O1 of the two straight lines are marked.

[0021] S2: The laser level is rotated clockwise by 30 degrees and counterclockwise by 15 degrees respectively, and another two intersection points O2 and O3 are formed and marked on the end surface at the two angles in the manner of step S1; a smooth curve is used to connect the three intersection points O1, O2 and O3 to form an area circle, so as to preliminarily determine the center of the end part in the area circle.

[0022] S3: the magnetic base is arranged at the one end of the shaft forging, the end face center pointing shaft (2) is aligned with the area circle in the step S2, the rotating support is adjusted so that the distance between the laser level and the center pointing shaft is greater than the radius of the maximum stepped shaft section, the laser level emits a laser line M1 around the shaft forging along the generatrix, the distance between the laser line and the outer surface of the adjacent stepped shaft section is measured based on the laser line M1;

[0023] S4: the rotating support is continuously rotated by a certain angle for multiple times, a certain number of laser lines are formed around the shaft forging along the generatrix in the manner of the step S3, the distance between each laser line and the outer surface of the adjacent stepped shaft section is measured from multiple angles, the position of the laser level is adjusted so that the distance between the measured laser line and the outer surface of the stepped shaft section at the other end face is equal, and the center position O of the one end face is further determined;

[0024] S5: the steps S1-S4 are repeated, the distance between the laser line and the outer surface of the adjacent stepped shaft section is measured based on the other end face, and the center position of the other end face is further determined;

[0025] S6: the steps S3-S4 are repeated, the distance between the outer surface of all stepped shaft sections between the two end faces and the laser line is measured in sequence, whether the distance meets the actual processing requirement is checked, if not, the positions of the magnetic base and the end face center pointing shaft are adjusted, the steps S1-S5 are repeated again, the measurement is performed in sequence, and the end face center meeting the actual processing is found.

[0026] In the technical scheme, in the step S2, the laser level is rotated clockwise by 30° and counterclockwise by 15° from the L1 straight line position of the intersection point O1 on the end face of the shaft forging and the ground.

[0027] In the technical scheme, in the step S4, the certain number is 6-10. The certain number of laser lines formed along the generatrix is determined by considering the measurement accuracy and efficiency.

[0028] The present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] Thus, the application provides a device and a center determination method for quickly determining the outer diameter center of a large shaft forging, laser is used to irradiate the end surface of the shaft forging by the end surface level, so that three groups of mutually intersecting and vertical laser lines are generated, and the up and down and left and right of the intersection points are equal, and the area circle formed by the three intersection points is the area of the two end centers; the magnetic attraction device is placed at one end of the shaft forging, the end surface center is aligned with the end surface center, the length of the rotating support is adjusted, the laser level irradiates a laser line around the shaft forging, the distance between the laser line and the surface of the stepped shaft section at the other end surface is measured, the distance is measured again by rotating a point, so that all the measured distances are equal, the pose of the laser level is fixed, the distances of the remaining stepped shaft sections are measured in turn, and whether the two end centers meet the actual processing requirements is checked.

[0030] The centering measurement is performed by adjusting the pose of the device itself, so that the inconvenience of moving and measuring the large forging is avoided.

[0031] The device is simple, convenient and portable, the technical requirements of the operator are not high, and general technical personnel with simple distance measurement knowledge can directly perform the measurement on the forging site, and the result can be quickly obtained.

[0032] The area of the two end centers is preliminarily determined, and the two end centers are determined again, the measurement principle is simple and has no relative error, and the centering of the center can be quickly and accurately realized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] The application will be further described below in combination with the drawings and examples, and the drawings are as follows:

[0034] Figure 1 The device structure diagram for quickly determining the outer diameter center of a large shaft forging or a clamping center of the application.

[0035] Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the laser level irradiating the large section of the shaft forging of the application.

[0036] Figure 3 The principle schematic diagram of the laser level irradiating the large section of the shaft forging of the application.

[0037] Figure 4 The area circle formed by the laser level irradiating the large section of the shaft forging three times of the application.

[0038] Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the magnetic attraction device placed at the end surface of the shaft forging and the laser line irradiated by the laser level around the shaft forging.

[0039] Figure 6 The end surface center is measured by the laser line of the application.

[0040] Figure 7The laser line is used to measure the center of the other end face circle of the present application.

[0041] Figure 8 The laser line is used to measure the center of the other step shaft segment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application more clear, the present application is further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are only used to explain the present application and do not limit the present application.

[0043] As shown in Figure 1 The present application provides a device for quickly determining the center of the outer diameter circle or clamping center of a large shaft forging, which is composed of a laser level 5 and a rotating support with a magnetic suction seat. The rotating support with a magnetic suction seat includes a magnetic suction seat 1, an end face center pointing shaft 2, a suction seat support 3, and a rotating support 4.

[0044] The end of the end face center pointing shaft 2 in contact with the end face is a sharp tip, and the end of the end face center pointing shaft 2 away from the end face is connected to the center connecting end on the rotating support 4 through a bearing. The center connecting end and the end face center pointing shaft 2 are concentrically arranged to enable the rotating support 4 to rotate 360° around the end face center pointing shaft 2. The rotating support 4 is an extendable rotating support. An extendable arm that can rotate around the end face center pointing shaft 2 is arranged on the center connecting end in a direction perpendicular to the end face center pointing shaft 2. The end of the extendable arm is connected to the laser level 5. The length of the extendable arm is greater than the maximum radius of the shaft forging, and a scale is attached to the outer surface of the extendable arm, so that the laser level 5 is placed at a distance greater than the maximum radius of the shaft forging.

[0045] When the rotating support 4 rotates 360° around the end face center pointing shaft 2, the extendable connecting arm drives the laser level 5 to move to adjust the appropriate position of the laser in the radial direction of the shaft forging.

[0046] The suction seat support 3 is an L-shaped support. One end of the L-shaped support is parallel to the end face center pointing shaft 2 and the other end is connected to the magnetic suction seat 1. The other end of the L-shaped support is perpendicularly connected to the end face center pointing shaft 2. The outer end surface of the magnetic suction seat 1 in contact with the end face is horizontally flush with the sharp tip of the end face center pointing shaft 2. The outer end surface mentioned here is a flat surface. When the magnetic suction seat 1 is placed on the end face, the laser level 5 is perpendicular to the outer end surface by default.

[0047] The present application also provides a method for quickly determining the center of the outer diameter circle or clamping center of a large shaft forging, as shown in Figures 2-8 The laser level 5 is used to irradiate the end face of the shaft forging, so that three groups of mutually intersecting and perpendicular laser lines are generated (as shown in Figures 2-3 , Figure 2To simplify the later formed one of the group of mutually perpendicular laser lines; Figure 3 The principle of laser level 5 to form laser lines in a fan-shaped manner on the end face of the rotary body); and make the intersection points of each group of laser lines equal in up and down and left and right, the area circle formed by the three intersection points (such as Figure 4 O1, O2, O3) is the area where the center of the two end faces of the shaft forging is located.

[0048] Specifically, the two end face center area determination process is as follows: use laser level 5 to irradiate the end face of the shaft forging in the direction perpendicular to the end face (form O1), clockwise rotate 30° and counterclockwise rotate 15° (form O2 and O3 respectively), adjust the height of the device to make it produce three groups of mutually intersecting vertical laser lines at one end face of the shaft forging, and make the intersection points equal in up and down and left and right, the area circle formed by the three intersection points is the area where the center of the end face is located.

[0049] Then, as shown in Figure 5 and 6 , place the device at one end of the shaft forging 6: use the magnetic suction seat 1 to be adsorbed on the end face of the shaft forging 6, adjust the magnetic suction seat 1 to make the end face center pointing shaft 2 align with the area where the end face center is located, adjust the length l of the telescopic arm of the rotating support 4 (l> the maximum radius size of the shaft forging), make the laser level 5 irradiate a laser line M1 around the shaft forging, and measure the distance between the laser line M1 and the outer circular surface of the stepped shaft segment at the other end face. Figure 7 Make the laser level 5 rotate by a certain angle, and measure the distance between the laser lines M2-M6 (or more laser lines) and the outer circular surface of the stepped shaft segment at the other end face again.

[0050] Then, as shown in Figure 8 , place the magnetic suction seat 1 at the stepped shaft at the middle part of the shaft forging, adjust the position of the magnetic suction seat 1 to make the end face center pointing shaft 2 align with the end face center; adjust the length of the telescopic arm of the rotating support to make the position height of the laser level 5 greater than the radius of the largest stepped shaft segment, make the laser level 5 emit a laser line around the shaft forging, and measure the distance between the laser line and the outer circular surface of the stepped shaft segment.

[0051] Adjust the inclination angle of the laser level 5 to emit the laser line to make all the measured distances equal, determine the center of the end face, and fix the pose of the laser level 5; in turn, measure the distance between the laser line and the outer circular surface of the remaining stepped shaft segment, and check whether the centers of the two end faces meet the actual processing requirements.

[0052] In the above method, the specific detailed steps are as follows:

[0053] Step 1: as shown in Figure 2As shown, at the left end of the shaft forging 6, the rotating support 4 is elongated or shortened to adjust the position height of the laser level 5, and the laser level 5 is used to form two mutually intersecting vertical straight lines L1 and L2 on the surface of the left end portion, the lengths of the upper and lower and left and right side line segments of the intersection point are measured by a ruler, the laser level 5 is moved to make the upper and lower and left and right side line segments equal, and the intersection point O1 is marked;

[0054] Step 2: As shown in Figure 4 and , the laser level 5 is rotated clockwise by 30° and counterclockwise by 15° respectively from the position where the L1 straight line of the intersection point O1 is perpendicular to the ground on the end surface of the shaft forging, two mutually intersecting vertical straight lines are formed on the end surface at each angle (similar to the L1 and L2 corresponding to the O1 point), the lengths of the upper and lower and left and right side line segments of the intersection point are measured by a ruler, the laser level 5 is moved to make the upper and lower and left and right side line segments equal, and the intersection points O2 and O3 are marked. A smooth curve is used to connect O1, O2 and O3 to form a region circle, as shown in

[0055] , the center of the end portion is in this region circle. Figure 5 6 Step 3: As shown in and

[0056] , the magnetic suction seat 1 is placed at one end 61 of the shaft forging, the basic position of the device is adjusted so that the end surface center pointing axis 2 is aligned with the region circle of the end surface center planned in the above steps. The length of the telescopic arm of the rotating support 4 is adjusted so that the distance between the laser level 5 and the center pointing axis 2 is greater than the radius of the maximum stepped shaft segment, and the laser level 5 emits a laser line M1 in the meridian direction around the shaft forging, and the distance between the laser line and the outer circular surface of the adjacent stepped shaft segment is measured based on the laser line M1. Figure 6 7 Step 4: As shown in and

[0057] , the magnetic suction seat 1 is placed at the said one end 61 of the shaft forging, and the rotating support 4 is rotated at a certain angle for multiple times, which will form a certain number of laser lines (M2-M6…) in the meridian direction around the shaft forging, so that the shaft forging can be measured at multiple angles more conveniently, the center position O of the said one end is further determined by ensuring that multiple laser lines are equidistant from the outer circular surface, the measurement error is reduced, and the accuracy of the measurement is ensured. Figure 7 Figure 5 Step 5: As shown in 6 , the center position O of the said one end is determined by the intersection of the laser lines M1 and M2, and the intersection of the laser lines M3 and M4.The same method is used to measure the distance between the laser line and the outer surface of the stepped shaft segment 62 at the other end face, the rotating support 4 is rotated by a certain angle, the distance between the laser line M1 and the outer surface of the stepped shaft segment at the other end face is measured again, the rotating support is rotated multiple times, and the distances M2 and M3 or more laser lines are measured multiple times, and the distances between each laser line and the outer surface of the adjacent shaft segment are measured in sequence as M10-M30…Adjust the position of the laser level 5 (adjust the inclination angle of the laser line emitted by the laser level 5 so that all the measured distances are equal) so that the distances between the above measured laser lines and the outer surface of the stepped shaft segment at the other end face are equal, so that the laser line is parallel to the central axis of the shaft forging. Determine the center of the other end face.

[0058] Step 6: Use the above measurement method, as shown in Figure 8 , measure the distance between the laser line and the outer surface of all stepped shaft segments (63-67) in sequence, record the distance data, and check whether the data meets the actual processing requirements. If the distances between the above measured outer surfaces of all stepped shaft segments and the laser line do not meet the actual processing requirements, adjust the positions of the magnetic suction seat 1 and the end face shaft center pointing shaft 2, and perform the above steps again to perform sequential measurements until the end face center that meets the actual processing requirements is found.

[0059] It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make improvements or changes according to the above description, and all these improvements and changes shall fall within the protection scope of the appended claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for quickly determining the center of the outer diameter circle or the clamping center of a large shaft forging, characterized in that The device for quickly determining the outer diameter circle center or clamping center of large shaft forgings comprises the following steps: The device for quickly determining the outer diameter circle center or clamping center of large shaft forgings comprises: a laser level (5) and a rotating support with a magnetic suction seat; The rotating support with a magnetic suction seat comprises a magnetic suction seat (1), an end surface circle center guide shaft (2), a suction seat support (3), and a rotating support (4); The rotating support (4) is a telescopic rotating support, one end of which is a circle center connecting end, and the other end of which is a telescopic arm that can rotate around the axis of the circle center connecting end, the axis of the circle center connecting end being arranged perpendicularly to the telescopic arm; One end of the end surface circle center guide shaft (2) is a sharp end, and the other end is rotatably connected to the circle center connecting end of the rotating support (4), the circle center connecting end and the end surface circle center guide shaft (2) being arranged concentrically so that the rotating support (4) can rotate 360° around the end surface circle center guide shaft (2); The length of the telescopic arm is greater than the maximum radius of the shaft forging, and a scale is attached to the outer surface of the telescopic arm; The suction seat support (3) is an L-shaped support, one end of the L-shaped support being parallel to the end surface circle center guide shaft (2) and the other end of the L-shaped support being connected to the magnetic suction seat (1), the other end of the L-shaped support being connected perpendicularly to the end surface circle center guide shaft (2), and the outer end surface of the magnetic suction seat (1) being flush with the sharp end of the end surface circle center guide shaft (2); S1: First, the laser level is used to irradiate an end surface of the shaft forging, two mutually intersecting and perpendicular laser projection straight lines L1 and L2 are formed on the end surface by the laser level, the lengths of the upper and lower and left and right side line segments of the two straight lines are measured by a scale, the laser level is moved so that the upper and lower and left and right side line segments are equal, and the intersection point O1 of the two straight lines is marked; S2: The laser level is rotated clockwise by 30° and counterclockwise by 15°, respectively, and another two intersection points O2 and O3 are marked in the manner of step S1 on the end surface at the two angles, three groups of mutually intersecting and perpendicular laser lines are formed on the end surface, the intersection points are equal in the up and down and left and right directions, and a smooth curve is used to connect the three intersection points O1, O2, and O3 to form a region circle, the region circle formed by the three intersection points is the region where the end circle center is located, and thus the circle center of the end is preliminarily determined in the region circle; S3: Then, a laser line is irradiated along the generatrix direction around the shaft forging at the end of the shaft forging, and the distance between the laser line and the stepped shaft segment surface at the other end surface is measured; S4: The remaining generatrix direction laser lines are measured again, the rotating support (4) is rotated by a certain angle, a certain number of laser lines are formed along the generatrix direction around the shaft forging in the manner of step S3, the distances between the laser lines and the adjacent shaft segment outer surface are measured from multiple angles, the position of the circle center O of the end is determined by adjusting the position of the laser level so that the distances between the measured laser lines and the stepped shaft segment outer surface at the other end surface are equal. S5: repeating steps S1-S4, taking the other end face as the reference, measuring the distance between the laser line and the outer surface of the adjacent stepped shaft segment, and further determining the position of the center of the other end face; S6: repeating steps S3-S4, sequentially measuring the distance between the laser line and the outer surface of all stepped shaft segments between the two end faces, checking whether the distance meets the actual processing requirements, if not, adjusting the position of the magnetic suction seat and the end face shaft center guide shaft, and repeating the above steps S1-S5 for sequential measurement until the end face center that meets the actual processing requirements is found.

2. The method for quickly determining the center of the outer diameter circle or the clamping center of a large shaft forging according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S3, the magnetic suction seat is placed at the one end of the shaft forging, the end face center guide shaft (2) is aligned with the region circle in the above step, the rotating support is adjusted so that the distance between the laser level and the center guide shaft is greater than the radius of the largest stepped shaft segment, a laser line M1 is emitted along the generatrix direction around the shaft forging, taking the laser line M1 as the reference, the distance between the laser line and the outer surface of the adjacent stepped shaft segment is measured.

3. The method for quickly determining the center of the outer diameter circle or the clamping center of a large shaft forging according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S2, the laser level is rotated clockwise by 30° and counterclockwise by 15°, respectively, starting from the intersection point O1 on the end face of the shaft forging and the vertical L1 line to the ground.

4. The method for quickly determining the center of the outer diameter circle or the clamping center of a large shaft forging according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S4, the number is set to 6-10.

5. The method for quickly determining the center of the outer diameter circle or the clamping center of a large shaft forging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The other end of the end face center guide shaft (2) is rotatably connected to the center connection end of the rotating support (4) through a rotating bearing.

6. The method for quickly determining the center of the outer diameter circle or the clamping center of a large shaft forging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating support (4) is set to rotate 360° around the end face center guide shaft (2).

7. The method for quickly determining the center of the outer diameter circle or the clamping center of a large shaft forging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser level (5) adjusts the appropriate position of the laser in the radial direction of the shaft forging through the extension and retraction action of the telescopic arm and the circumferential rotation action.

8. The method for quickly determining the center of the outer diameter circle or the clamping center of a large shaft forging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic arm is a sliding telescopic caliper structure.

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