In-situ test method

Abstract

An embodiment of the present invention provides an in-situ test method, which includes digging a first groove and a second groove on the surface of a rock mass, so that a sample with a pointed cross-section is formed between the first groove and the second groove, and the tip of the sample is 55° to 65°, and the sample has a first free surface and a second free surface. A pressure device is provided on the surface of the rock mass, and the pressure device is arranged opposite to the sample and applies pressure to the sample. The deformation amount or deformation process of the first free surface and the deformation amount or deformation process of the second free surface are obtained. The in-situ test method of an embodiment of the present invention forms a sample with a tip of 55° to 65° on the rock mass, and by applying pressure to the sample to obtain the deformation amount or deformation process, the error of the subsequent modeling and analysis process can be reduced to improve the accuracy of the mechanical parameters finally obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of surveying technology, and in particular to an in-situ test method. Background Art

[0002] In-situ testing is a method used to determine the engineering properties of rock masses. In related art, this involves installing a pressure device on the rock mass at the construction site, along with a deformation meter and an acoustic wave device within the rock mass. The pressure device applies pressure to the rock mass, causing deformation. Simultaneously, the deformation meter and acoustic wave device measure the rock mass's relaxation state, thereby obtaining its mechanical parameters. However, this in-situ testing technique suffers from the problem of inaccurate mechanical parameters. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to address, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art. To this end, embodiments of the present invention provide an in-situ testing method. This method forms a specimen with a tip angle of 55° to 65° on a rock mass. By applying pressure to the specimen to obtain the deformation amount or deformation process, it can reduce errors in subsequent modeling and analysis, thereby improving the accuracy of the ultimately obtained mechanical parameters.

[0004] The in-situ test method of the embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0005] A first groove and a second groove are excavated on the surface of a rock mass, wherein, in a projection plane perpendicular to the height direction of the rock mass, one end of the first groove in its extension direction is connected to one end of the second groove in its extension direction, and an angle is formed between the extension direction of the first groove and the extension direction of the second groove, and the angle is 55° to 65°, so that a sample with a pointed cross-section is formed between the first groove and the second groove, and the sample has a first free surface and a second free surface, the first free surface forming a portion of the inner wall surface of the first groove, and the second free surface forming a portion of the inner wall surface of the second groove;

[0006] A pressure device is provided on the surface of the rock mass, wherein the pressure device is arranged opposite to the sample and applies pressure to the sample;

[0007] The deformation amount or deformation process of the first free-facing surface and the deformation amount or deformation process of the second free-facing surface are obtained.

[0008] The in-situ test method of the embodiment of the present invention digs a first groove and a second groove on the surface of the rock mass to form a sample with a tip of 55° to 65°, and then applies pressure to the sample through a pressure device to obtain the deformation or deformation process of the sample. Since in the process of inferring the mechanical properties of the rock mass through the deformation or deformation process of the sample, it is necessary to model the sample and the rock core obtained in the rock mass separately for comparison, the sample and the rock core need to be very close in geometric structure, wherein the rock core is a cylinder, and it is very difficult to construct an annular groove on the rock mass to form a cylindrical sample and observe the circumferential surface of the cylindrical sample. Therefore, the sample with a tip of 55° to 65° is the closest form to the rock core in terms of geometric structure, and the first free surface 11 and the second free surface 21 are also easy to observe, thereby reducing the error of the subsequent modeling and analysis process to improve the accuracy of the mechanical parameters finally obtained.

[0009] In some embodiments, the length of the first free surface in the extension direction of the first groove, the length of the second free surface in the extension direction of the second groove, the depth of the first groove in the height direction of the rock mass, and the depth of the second groove in the height direction of the rock mass are all X meters, the width of the first groove in the direction perpendicular to the first free surface is Y meters, the width of the second groove in the direction perpendicular to the second free surface is Y meters, Y=1.2Z, Z is the estimated deformation of the sample, where X, Y and Z are all constants greater than 0.

[0010] In some embodiments, X is a constant greater than or equal to 9.

[0011] In some embodiments, the step of providing a pressure device on the surface of the rock mass includes:

[0012] A pressure-bearing area is selected on the top surface of the sample. The pressure-bearing area is a triangular area with three endpoints O, A, and B, wherein endpoint O is the intersection of the first free surface, the second free surface, and the top surface of the sample, endpoint A is located on the first free surface, endpoint B is located on the second free surface, the straight-line distance between endpoint O and endpoint A is less than X meters, the straight-line distance between endpoint O and endpoint B is less than X meters, and the straight-line distance between endpoint O and endpoint A is the same as the straight-line distance between endpoint O and endpoint B, and the midpoint of the line connecting endpoints A and B is marked as C;

[0013] Covering the top surface of the specimen with a pressure plate;

[0014] A pressure device is provided on the pressure plate, the pressure center of the pressure device is located on the midpoint C, and at least a portion of the pressure device is supported on the surface of the rock mass.

[0015] In some embodiments, the in situ test method further comprises the following steps:

[0016] A first camera device is placed in the first groove and faces the first free surface;

[0017] Draw a first grid on the first air-facing surface, the first grid including a plurality of first horizontal lines arranged at intervals and a plurality of first vertical lines arranged at intervals, wherein the intersection of the first horizontal lines and the first vertical lines is a first information collection point of the first camera device;

[0018] A second camera device is placed in the second groove and faces the second free surface;

[0019] Draw a second grid on the second air-facing surface, the second grid including a plurality of second horizontal lines arranged at intervals and a plurality of second vertical lines arranged at intervals, wherein the intersection of the second horizontal lines and the second vertical lines is a second information collection point of the second camera device;

[0020] The step of obtaining the deformation amount or deformation process of the first free-facing surface and the second free-facing surface includes:

[0021] The first camera device records position changes of multiple first information collection points, and the second camera device records position changes of multiple second information collection points.

[0022] In some embodiments, the in situ test method further comprises the following steps:

[0023] After the step of obtaining the deformation amount or deformation process of the first free surface and the second free surface, a model of the specimen is constructed in CAE software. In the model, the angle between the first free surface and the second free surface is 60°. The data obtained by the first camera device and the second camera device are assigned to the model, and the mechanical parameters of the specimen are obtained through analysis with CAE software.

[0024] In some embodiments, the in situ test method further comprises the following steps:

[0025] A first area and a second area are preset on the surface of the rock mass, wherein an extension direction of the first area and an extension direction of the second area form an angle of 55°-65°;

[0026] Drilling a first rock core in the first area along the height direction of the rock mass, and drilling a second rock core in the second area along the height direction of the rock mass;

[0027] Performing a mechanical experiment on the rock core and obtaining mechanical parameters of the rock core;

[0028] Comparing and analyzing the mechanical parameters of the core and the mechanical parameters of the sample, and obtaining the mechanical parameters of the rock mass according to the comparative analysis results;

[0029] The step of digging the first trench and the second trench on the surface of the rock mass comprises:

[0030] digging on the surface of the rock mass along the outer edge of the first area to form the first trench;

[0031] The second trench is formed by excavating on the surface of the rock mass along the outer edge of the second area.

[0032] In some embodiments, there are multiple first cores, and the multiple first cores are evenly arranged in the extension direction of the first groove; there are multiple second cores, and the multiple second cores are evenly arranged in the extension direction of the second groove.

[0033] In some embodiments, the outer contour of the cross section of the first core is circular, the outer contour of the cross section of the second core is circular, the distance between two adjacent first cores is 0.8 m to 1.2 m, the distance between two adjacent second cores is 0.8 m to 1.2 m, the diameters of the first core and the second core are 48 mm to 52 mm, and the lengths of the first core and the second core are X meters.

[0034] In some embodiments, the pressure-applying device is a weighted platform reaction device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 1 is a schematic diagram of a state in which a pressure device is provided on the surface of a rock mass in an in-situ test method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the first groove and the second groove in the in-situ test method of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Reference numerals:

[0038] 1. First groove; 11. First free surface; 12. First grid; 2. Second groove; 21. Second free surface; 22. Second grid; 3. Specimen; 31. Pressure-bearing area; 4. Pressure-applying device; 41. First bracket; 42. Jack; 43. Second bracket; 44. Displacement sensor; 45. Concrete test block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0040] Please refer to the following Figure 1 -Attached Figure 2 An in-situ test method according to an embodiment of the invention is described.

[0041] like Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, the in-situ test method of the embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0042] A first trench 1 and a second trench 2 are excavated on the surface of the rock mass. In a projection plane perpendicular to the height direction of the rock mass, one end of the first trench 1 in its extension direction is connected to one end of the second trench 2 in its extension direction. An angle is formed between the extension direction of the first trench 1 and the extension direction of the second trench 2, and the angle is 55° to 65°, so that a sample 3 with a pointed cross section is formed between the first trench 1 and the second trench 2. The sample 3 has a first free surface 11 and a second free surface 21. The first free surface 11 forms a part of the inner wall surface of the first trench 1, and the second free surface 21 forms a part of the inner wall surface of the second trench 2. Specifically, as Figure 2 As shown, a first groove 1 and a second groove 2 are formed by digging downward on the surface of the rock mass by an excavation device, and one end of the first groove 1 in its extension direction is connected to one end of the second groove 2 in its extension direction, and the extension direction of the first groove 1 and the extension direction of the second groove 2 form an angle, and the angle is 55° to 65°, preferably 60°, so that a sample 3 with a tip of 55° to 65°, preferably 60°, is formed between the first groove 1 and the second groove 2, and the sample 3 has a first free surface 11 and a second free surface 21, wherein the first free surface 11 is a part of the inner wall surface of the first groove 1, and the second free surface 21 is a part of the inner wall surface of the second groove 2.

[0043] A pressure device 4 is provided on the surface of the rock mass, and the pressure device 4 is arranged opposite to the sample 3 and applies pressure to the sample 3. Specifically, Figure 1As shown, the pressure-applying device 4 is preferably a weight platform reaction device, which includes a first bracket 41 and a second bracket 43. The support legs of the first bracket 41 and the support legs of the second bracket 43 are both located on the rock outside the first groove 1 and the second groove 2, in other words, they are located on the part of the rock where the sample 3 is not formed, so that the first bracket 41 and the second bracket 43 remain stable during the process of applying pressure. A jack 42 facing downward is provided in the middle of the first bracket 41, and the lower end of the jack 42 abuts against the top surface of the sample 3 to apply pressure to the sample 3 through the jack 42. In order to offset the reaction force transmitted to the first bracket 41 by the jack 42, a plurality of concrete test blocks 45 are provided on the first bracket 41, and a displacement sensor 44 facing the jack 42 is provided in the middle of the second bracket 43. The displacement sensor 44 is used to obtain the displacement when the jack 42 applies pressure to the sample 3, so as to further obtain the pressure value applied by the jack 42 to the sample 3. It is understandable that in other embodiments, the pressure-applying device 4 may not adopt a weighted platform reaction device.

[0044] The deformation amount or deformation process of the first free surface 11 and the deformation amount or deformation process of the second free surface 21 are obtained.

[0045] The in-situ test method of the embodiment of the present invention digs a first groove and a second groove on the surface of the rock mass to form a sample with a tip of 55° to 65°, and then applies pressure to the sample through a pressure device to obtain the deformation or deformation process of the sample. Since in the process of inferring the mechanical properties of the rock mass through the deformation or deformation process of the sample, it is necessary to model the sample and the rock core obtained in the rock mass separately for comparison, the sample and the rock core need to be very close in geometric structure, wherein the rock core is a cylinder, and it is very difficult to construct an annular groove on the rock mass to form a cylindrical sample and observe the circumferential surface of the cylindrical sample. Therefore, the sample with a tip of 55° to 65° is the closest form to the rock core in terms of geometric structure, and the first free surface 11 and the second free surface 21 are also easy to observe, thereby reducing the error of the subsequent modeling and analysis process to improve the accuracy of the mechanical parameters finally obtained.

[0046] At the same time, the specimen with a tip angle of 55° to 65° is more likely to deform when under pressure, so it is easier to obtain the deformation amount or deformation process on the first and second free surfaces.

[0047] In some embodiments, the length of the first free surface 11 in the extension direction of the first groove 1, the length of the second free surface 21 in the extension direction of the second groove 2, the depth of the first groove 1 in the height direction of the rock mass, and the depth of the second groove 2 in the height direction of the rock mass are all X meters, the width of the first groove 1 in the direction perpendicular to the first free surface 11 is Y meters, the width of the second groove 2 in the direction perpendicular to the second free surface 21 is Y meters, Y=1.2Z, Z is the estimated deformation of the sample 3, where X, Y and Z are all constants greater than 0.

[0048] like Figure 2 As shown, the length of the first free surface 11 in the extension direction of the first groove 1, the length of the second free surface 21 in the extension direction of the second groove 2, the depth of the first groove 1 in the height direction of the rock mass, and the depth of the second groove 2 in the height direction of the rock mass are all X meters. In other words, the first free surface 11 and the second free surface 21 are square, so as to obtain the deformation amount or deformation process of the first free surface 11 and the second free surface 21, and make the sample 3 as close to a cylinder as possible in terms of geometry. The width of the first groove 1 in a direction perpendicular to the first free surface 11 is Y meters, and the width of the second groove 2 in a direction perpendicular to the second free surface 21 is Y meters, where Y = 1.2Z, where Z is the estimated deformation of the specimen 3. This allows the first and second grooves 1 and 2 to accommodate the deformation of the corresponding first free surface 11 or second free surface 21 in the width direction, preventing the first free surface 11 from abutting against the inner wall of the first groove 1 on the opposite side, and preventing the second free surface 21 from abutting against the inner wall of the second groove 2 on the opposite side, which would affect the normal deformation of the first and second free surfaces 11 and 21. Furthermore, the first and second grooves 1 and 2 provide sufficient space for observing the deformation or deformation process of the corresponding first and second free surfaces 11 and 21. The estimated deformation of the specimen 3 can be determined based on the engineer's experience or obtained using a rough calculation formula.

[0049] It can be understood that in other embodiments, the length of the first free surface in the extension direction of the first groove, the length of the second free surface in the extension direction of the second groove, the depth of the first groove in the height direction of the rock mass and the depth of the second groove in the height direction of the rock mass may also be different, and the widths of the first groove and the second groove may also be different.

[0050] In some embodiments, X is a constant greater than or equal to 9.

[0051] When the length of the first free surface 11 and the second free surface 21 is greater than 9 meters and the height of sample 3 is greater than 9 meters, the data obtained through sample 3 can represent the physical and mechanical properties of rock mass at an engineering scale, and the mechanical parameters of rock mass of larger size calculated after subsequent modeling analysis have higher reliability.

[0052] In some embodiments, the step of placing a pressure device 4 on the surface of the rock mass includes:

[0053] A pressure-bearing area 31 is selected on the top surface of the sample 3. The pressure-bearing area 31 is a triangular area with three endpoints: O, A, and B. Endpoint 0 is the intersection of the first free surface 11, the second free surface 21, and the top surface of the sample 3. Endpoint A is located on the first free surface 11, and endpoint B is located on the second free surface 21. The straight-line distance between endpoint 0 and endpoint A is less than X meters, the straight-line distance between endpoint O and endpoint B is less than X meters, and the straight-line distance between endpoint 0 and endpoint A is the same as the straight-line distance between endpoint O and endpoint B. The midpoint of the line connecting endpoints A and B is marked as C. Figure 2 As shown, endpoint 0 is the apex of the tip of sample 3, endpoint A is located on the intersection line of the first free surface 11 and the top surface of sample 3, and endpoint B is located on the intersection line of the second free surface 21 and the top surface of sample 3.

[0054] A pressure plate is covered on the top surface of the sample 3. The pressure plate is preferably a steel plate.

[0055] A pressure device 4 is provided on the pressure plate, the pressure center of the pressure device 4 is located at the midpoint C, and at least part of the pressure device 4 is supported on the surface of the rock mass. Figure 1 As shown, the legs of the first bracket 41 and the second bracket 43 of the pressure device 4 are both located on the rock mass outside the first groove 1 and the second groove 2 , and the midpoint C is located on the end surface of the jack 42 .

[0056] The straight-line distance between endpoints 0 and A is the same as the straight-line distance between endpoints O and B. This ensures that the marked midpoint C lies on the angle bisector of ∠AOB, thereby ensuring balanced pressure on specimen 3. The straight-line distance between endpoints 0 and A, and between endpoints O and B, is less than X meters. This ensures a certain distance between the pressure-bearing zone and midpoint C and the untested portion of the rock mass. This prevents the specimen from being mechanically affected by the untested portion of the rock mass when under pressure, resulting in large errors in specimen deformation. The pressure plate serves to balance the pressure on specimen 3.

[0057] In some embodiments, the pressure-bearing area may not be selected, and the jack may be placed at the center position based on visual or estimated center position of the top surface of the sample to apply pressure to the sample through the pressure-applying device.

[0058] In some embodiments, the in situ test method further comprises the following steps:

[0059] A first camera device is placed in the first groove 1, facing the first free surface 11. Specifically, the first camera device is preferably a high-speed camera, which is suspended in the first groove 1 by a bracket and arranged relative to the center of the first free surface 11, so that the first camera device can capture all positions of the first free surface 11.

[0060] A first grid 12 is drawn on the first free-surface surface 11. The first grid 12 includes a plurality of first horizontal lines arranged at intervals and a plurality of first vertical lines arranged at intervals. The intersection of the first horizontal lines and the first vertical lines is the first information collection point of the first camera device. Specifically, the first grid 12 is drawn on the first free-surface surface 11 manually or by a robotic arm using paint. The first grid 12 is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it has a plurality of first horizontal lines spaced apart in the longitudinal direction and a plurality of first vertical lines spaced apart in the transverse direction, and the intersection of the first horizontal line and the first vertical line is the first information collection point of the first camera device, so that the first air-facing surface 11 is evenly covered with the first information collection points.

[0061] A second camera device is placed in the second groove 2, facing the second free surface 21. Specifically, the second camera device is preferably a high-speed camera, which is suspended in the second groove 2 by a bracket and arranged relative to the center of the second free surface 21, so that the second camera device can capture all positions of the second free surface 21.

[0062] A second grid 22 is drawn on the second free-facing surface 21. The second grid 22 includes a plurality of second horizontal lines arranged at intervals and a plurality of second vertical lines arranged at intervals. The intersection of the second horizontal lines and the second vertical lines is the second information collection point of the second camera device. Specifically, the second grid 22 is drawn on the second free-facing surface 21 manually or by a robotic arm using paint. The second grid 22 is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it has a plurality of second horizontal lines spaced apart in the longitudinal direction and a plurality of second vertical lines spaced apart in the transverse direction. The intersection of the second horizontal lines and the second vertical lines is the second information collection point of the second camera device, so that the second air-facing surface 21 is evenly covered with second information collection points.

[0063] The step of obtaining the deformation amount or deformation process of the first free surface 11 and the second free surface 21 includes using a first camera device to record position changes of multiple first information collection points, and using a second camera device to record position changes of multiple second information collection points. Specifically, during the process of the pressure-applying device 4 applying pressure to the specimen 3, the first camera device records position changes of multiple first information collection points, and the second camera device records position changes of multiple second information collection points, so that the first camera device can obtain the deformation process of the first free surface 11, and the second camera device can obtain the deformation process of the second free surface 21, for subsequent modeling and analysis.

[0064] It can be understood that in other embodiments, sensors can also be set on the first free surface and the second free surface to obtain the deformation process or deformation amount of the first free surface and the second free surface. For example, a displacement sensor or a height sensor is set at the intersection of each second horizontal line and the second vertical line and each intersection of the first horizontal line and the first vertical line. Alternatively, the first grid and the second grid may not be drawn, and multiple displacement sensors or height sensors can be evenly set on the first free surface and the second free surface to obtain displacement data or height change data through the displacement sensors or height sensors.

[0065] In some embodiments, the in-situ test method further includes the following steps: after obtaining the deformation amount or deformation process of the first free surface 11 and the second free surface 21, constructing a model of the sample 3 in the CAE software, in which the angle between the first free surface 11 and the second free surface 21 is 60°, assigning the data obtained by the first camera device and the second camera device to the model, and obtaining the mechanical parameters of the sample 3 through analysis with the CAE software.

[0066] Specifically, after the first camera device and the second camera device respectively obtain the deformation processes of the corresponding first free surface 11 and the second free surface 21, a model of the sample 3 is constructed in the CAE software. In the model, the angle component of the first free surface 11 and the second free surface 21 is 60°, and the model of the sample 3 is a regular triangular prism. Then, the obtained deformation processes of the first free surface 11 and the second free surface 21 are assigned to the model of the sample 3, or the obtained deformation processes of the first free surface 11 and the second free surface 21 are converted into the deformation amounts of the first free surface 11 and the second free surface 21, and the deformation amounts of the first free surface 11 and the second free surface 21 are assigned to the model of the sample 3. Then, the mechanical parameters of the sample 3 are obtained through analysis using the CAE software.

[0067] The model of the specimen is in the shape of a regular triangular prism in order to make the geometric structure of the specimen model as close as possible to the rock core to ensure the accuracy of the mechanical parameters finally obtained. This requires that in the process of excavating the first groove and the second groove, the angle between the extension direction of the first groove and the extension direction of the second groove needs to be as close to 60° as possible, and finally 60°, so as to reduce the deformation amount obtained when the specimen is pressurized or the error in the process of the deformation process imparting to the model of the specimen.

[0068] In some embodiments, the in situ test method further comprises the following steps:

[0069] A first region and a second region are preset on the surface of the rock mass. The extension direction of the first region forms an angle with the extension direction of the second region, and the angle is 55°-65°. Specifically, the first region is the projection of the first groove 1 on the surface of the rock mass, and the second region is the projection of the second groove 2 on the surface of the rock mass. The first region and the second region can be marked on the surface of the rock mass using markers.

[0070] A first core is drilled in the first area along the height direction of the rock mass, and a second core is drilled in the second area along the height direction of the rock mass. Specifically, a drilling rig equipped with a coring drill bit is used to drill the first core downward in the first area, and the second core is drilled downward in the second area. Both the first core and the second core are cylindrical.

[0071] A mechanical experiment is performed on the rock core to obtain mechanical parameters of the rock core. Specifically, the rock core includes a first rock core and a second rock core. Mechanical experiments are performed on the first rock core and the second rock core, respectively, to obtain mechanical parameters of the first rock core and mechanical parameters of the second rock core.

[0072] The mechanical parameters of the core and those of Sample 3 were compared and analyzed, and the mechanical parameters of the rock mass were obtained based on the comparative analysis results. Specifically, a core model with geometric dimensions that were inscribed in a triangular prism within the core was constructed in the CAE software. In other words, the core model was not a cylinder that was identical to the first and second cores, but rather a triangular prism inscribed in them. Since the triangular prism and the cylinder were very similar in geometric dimensions, the mechanical parameters of the first and second cores could be directly assigned to the core model. During the simulation analysis and calculation process, the various mechanical properties of the core model were consistent with those of the first and second cores. In addition, setting the core model as a triangular prism also facilitated comparative analysis with the sample model. A single core model can be constructed, with the mechanical parameters of the first and second cores averaged and assigned to the core model. This model is then compared and analyzed with the sample model. Alternatively, two core models can be constructed, with one assigned the mechanical parameters of the first core and the other assigned the mechanical parameters of the second core. These two core models are then compared and analyzed with the sample model. The mechanical parameters of the core, the sample, and the final rock mass should include at least Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, compressive strength, and either a strengthening parameter or a softening parameter. Taking compressive strength as an example, the compressive strength curve of the rock core is obtained through the rock core model, and the compressive strength curve of the sample is obtained through the sample model. Then, the compressive strength curve of the rock core is compared with the compressive strength curve of the sample. If the compressive strength curve of the rock core is the same as the compressive strength curve of the sample, the compressive strength of the larger rock mass can be directly obtained based on the curve. If the compressive strength curve of the rock core is different from the compressive strength curve of the sample, the law of the difference between the compressive strength curve of the rock core and the compressive strength curve of the sample is analyzed, and the compressive strength of the larger rock mass is obtained based on the law.

[0073] The step of excavating the first trench 1 and the second trench 2 on the surface of the rock mass includes excavating along the outer edge of a first area on the surface of the rock mass to form the first trench 1, and excavating along the outer edge of a second area on the surface of the rock mass to form the second trench 2. Specifically, the first trench 1 is formed by excavating downward along the outer edge of the first area using an excavation device, and the second trench 2 is formed by excavating downward along the outer edge of the second area.

[0074] It is understandable that in other embodiments, the core may be drilled not in the first area and the second area, but in places other than where the first groove, the second groove and the sample are formed in the rock body.

[0075] In some embodiments, there are multiple first cores, which are evenly arranged in the extension direction of the first groove 1 ; there are multiple second cores, which are evenly arranged in the extension direction of the second groove 2 .

[0076] In some embodiments, the outer contour of the cross section of the first core is circular, the outer contour of the cross section of the second core is circular, the distance between two adjacent first cores is 0.8 m to 1.2 m, the distance between two adjacent second cores is 0.8 m to 1.2 m, the diameters of the first core and the second core are 48 mm to 52 mm, and the lengths of the first core and the second core are X meters.

[0077] Specifically, multiple first cores are evenly arranged in the extension direction of the first groove 1, and the interval between two adjacent first cores is 0.8m to 1.2m, preferably 1m. Multiple second cores are evenly arranged in the extension direction of the second groove 2, and the interval between two adjacent first cores is 0.8m to 1.2m, preferably 1m. The diameters of the first cores and the second cores are 48mm to 52mm, preferably 50mm, and the lengths of the first cores and the second cores are respectively consistent with the depths of the corresponding first grooves and the second grooves.

[0078] Acquiring multiple equally spaced first cores and second cores to obtain mechanical parameters can yield more accurate and reliable data.

[0079] The in-situ test method according to the embodiment of the present invention is applicable to open-pit mines.

[0080] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "depth", "height", "top", "bottom", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0081] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used solely for distinction and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0082] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection, electrical connection, or communication; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two elements or interaction between two elements, unless otherwise specified. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0083] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediary. Furthermore, when a first feature is "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0084] In the present invention, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0085] Although the above embodiments have been shown and described, it is understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. Changes, modifications, substitutions and variations of the above embodiments by those skilled in the art are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An in-situ test method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: A first groove (1) and a second groove (2) are excavated on the surface of a rock mass, wherein one end of the first groove (1) in its extension direction is connected to one end of the second groove (2) in its extension direction in a projection plane orthogonal to the height direction of the rock mass, and an angle is formed between the extension direction of the first groove (1) and the extension direction of the second groove (2), and the angle is 55° to 65°, so that a sample (3) with a pointed cross-section is formed between the first groove (1) and the second groove (2), and the sample (3) has a first free surface (11) and a second free surface (21), wherein the first free surface (11) forms a part of the inner wall surface of the first groove (1), and the second free surface (21) forms a part of the inner wall surface of the second groove (2); A pressure-applying device (4) is provided on the surface of the rock mass, wherein the pressure-applying device (4) is arranged opposite to the sample (3) and applies pressure to the sample (3); Obtaining the deformation amount or deformation process of the first free-facing surface (11) and the deformation amount or deformation process of the second free-facing surface (21); The length of the first free surface (11) in the extension direction of the first groove (1), the length of the second free surface (21) in the extension direction of the second groove (2), the depth of the first groove (1) in the height direction of the rock mass, and the depth of the second groove (2) in the height direction of the rock mass are all X meters, the width of the first groove (1) in the direction perpendicular to the first free surface (11) is Y meters, the width of the second groove (2) in the direction perpendicular to the second free surface (21) is Y meters, Y=1.2Z, Z is the estimated deformation of the specimen (3), wherein X, Y and Z are all constants greater than 0.

2. The in-situ test method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The X is a constant greater than or equal to 9.

3. The in-situ test method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of arranging a pressure device (4) on the surface of the rock mass comprises: A pressure-bearing area (31) is selected on the top surface of the sample (3), and the pressure-bearing area (31) is a triangular area with three endpoints O, A and B, wherein endpoint 0 is the intersection of the first free surface (11), the second free surface (21) and the top surface of the sample (3), endpoint A is located on the first free surface (11), endpoint B is located on the second free surface (21), the straight-line distance between endpoint 0 and endpoint A is less than X meters, the straight-line distance between endpoint O and endpoint B is less than X meters, and the straight-line distance between endpoint 0 and endpoint A is the same as the straight-line distance between endpoint O and endpoint B, and the midpoint of the line connecting endpoint A and endpoint B is marked as C; Covering the top surface of the sample (3) with a pressure plate; A pressure device (4) is provided on the pressure plate, the pressure center of the pressure device (4) is located on the midpoint C, and at least part of the pressure device (4) is supported on the surface of the rock mass.

4. The in-situ test method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The in-situ test method further comprises the following steps: A first camera device is placed in the first groove (1) and faces the first free surface (11); Drawing a first grid (12) on the first free-surface surface (11), the first grid (12) comprising a plurality of first horizontal lines arranged at intervals and a plurality of first vertical lines arranged at intervals, the intersection of the first horizontal lines and the first vertical lines being a first information collection point of the first camera device; A second camera device is placed in the second groove (2) and faces the second free surface (21); A second grid (22) is drawn on the second free-surface surface (21), wherein the second grid (22) includes a plurality of second horizontal lines arranged at intervals and a plurality of second vertical lines arranged at intervals, and an intersection of the second horizontal lines and the second vertical lines is a second information collection point of the second camera device; The step of obtaining the deformation amount or deformation process of the first free surface (11) and the second free surface (21) comprises: The first camera device records position changes of multiple first information collection points, and the second camera device records position changes of multiple second information collection points.

5. The in-situ test method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The in-situ test method further comprises the following steps: After the step of obtaining the deformation amount or deformation process of the first free surface (11) and the second free surface (21), a model of the specimen (3) is constructed in CAE software, wherein the angle between the first free surface (11) and the second free surface (21) is 60°, the data obtained by the first camera device and the second camera device are assigned to the model, and the mechanical parameters of the specimen (3) are obtained by analyzing the CAE software.

6. The in-situ test method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The in-situ test method further comprises the following steps: A first area and a second area are preset on the surface of the rock mass, wherein an extension direction of the first area and an extension direction of the second area form an angle of 55°-65°; Drilling a first rock core in the first area along the height direction of the rock mass, and drilling a second rock core in the second area along the height direction of the rock mass; Performing a mechanical experiment on the rock core and obtaining mechanical parameters of the rock core; Comparing and analyzing the mechanical parameters of the core and the mechanical parameters of the sample (3), and obtaining the mechanical parameters of the rock mass based on the comparative analysis results; The steps of digging the first trench (1) and the second trench (2) on the surface of the rock mass include: digging on the surface of the rock mass along the outer edge of the first area to form the first trench (1); The second trench (2) is formed by excavating along the outer edge of the second area on the surface of the rock mass.

7. The in-situ test method according to claim 6, characterized in that: There are multiple first cores, and the multiple first cores are evenly arranged in the extension direction of the first groove (1); there are multiple second cores, and the multiple second cores are evenly arranged in the extension direction of the second groove (2).

8. The in-situ test method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer contour of the cross section of the first core is circular, the outer contour of the cross section of the second core is circular, the distance between two adjacent first cores is 0.8 m to 1.2 m, the distance between two adjacent second cores is 0.8 m to 1.2 m, the diameters of the first core and the second core are 48 mm to 52 mm, and the lengths of the first core and the second core are X meters.

9. The in-situ test method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The pressure-applying device (4) is a weighted platform reaction device.

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