An electronic reconnaissance device and method based on quantum measurement

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of electronic reconnaissance technology, and specifically to an electronic reconnaissance device and method based on quantum measurement, comprising: a laser emitting unit for generating a detection laser; the laser emitting unit comprising a laser generator and a plurality of splitting optical paths; a plurality of reconnaissance array optical paths for reconnaissance of a microwave electric field to be measured; the reconnaissance array optical path comprising a sensor unit connected in a one-to-one correspondence with the splitting optical paths, the sensor unit being used to combine the microwave signal to be measured with the local oscillator microwave signal to generate an intermediate frequency signal; and a signal processing unit for detecting and collecting the intermediate frequency signal generated by the reconnaissance array optical path. The electronic reconnaissance device provided by the present invention utilizes the detection laser to excite an atomic sensor, mixes the microwave electric field to be measured with the local oscillator microwave electric field, and then performs inversion inference to obtain information in the microwave electric field to be measured. The method of reconnaissance using the electronic reconnaissance device has higher detection accuracy and a wider range of reconnaissance dimensions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electronic reconnaissance, and in particular to an electronic reconnaissance device and method based on quantum measurement. Background Art

[0002] Electronic reconnaissance is conducted using reconnaissance receivers, which can collect weak electromagnetic signals in space, amplify and process them, and identify the characteristics of these signals.

[0003] Traditional electronic reconnaissance is based on the "metal antenna + superheterodyne receiver" and "metal antenna + microwave photon receiver" system architectures. The "metal antenna + superheterodyne receiver" reconnaissance system architecture is currently the most mature electronic reconnaissance system architecture. A metal antenna receives electromagnetic wave signals, which undergo front-end amplification, mixing, filtering, and amplification. The intermediate frequency (IF) signal is collected by an ADC before signal analysis and processing. The "metal antenna + microwave photon receiver" receives electromagnetic wave signals through a metal antenna and modulates the RF signal onto an optical signal. After amplification, filtering, optoelectronic conversion, and down-conversion, the IF signal is collected by an ADC before signal analysis and processing. Both traditional electronic reconnaissance system architectures require metal antennas and classic RF components to receive, amplify, and down-convert RF signals, ultimately converting them into IF signals for analysis and processing.

[0004] Existing technologies are all based on classical devices and methods. Limited by physical principles and these devices, measurement accuracy is difficult to improve, system integration is limited, and signal measurement dimensions are limited. Therefore, a more reasonable technical solution is needed to address the technical issues existing in existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome at least one of the defects mentioned above, the present invention proposes an electronic reconnaissance device and method based on quantum measurement. By using laser to excite atomic sensors, quantum state changes are generated and then the information carried by the microwave electric field to be measured is inverted, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the measurement accuracy of electronic reconnaissance, improving the degree of system integration, and increasing the signal measurement dimension.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the reconnaissance device disclosed in the present invention can adopt the following technical solutions:

[0007] An electronic reconnaissance device based on quantum measurement, comprising:

[0008] A laser emitting unit for generating a detection laser; the laser emitting unit comprises a laser generator and a plurality of split beam optical paths;

[0009] A plurality of reconnaissance group array optical paths are used to reconnaissance the microwave electric field to be measured; the reconnaissance group array optical paths include sensing parts connected to the beam splitting optical paths in a one-to-one correspondence, and the sensing parts are used to combine the microwave signal to be measured with the local oscillator microwave signal to generate an intermediate frequency signal;

[0010] The signal processing unit is used to detect, collect and process the intermediate frequency signal generated by the reconnaissance team's optical path.

[0011] The electronic reconnaissance device disclosed above uses a Rydberg-state atomic sensor to perform frequency mixing and filtering on the microwave electric field to be measured and the local oscillator microwave electric field, obtaining an intermediate frequency signal and then performing signal conversion. The signal processing unit finally performs analysis and processing, and inverts the information contained in the microwave signal to be measured. In this process, the frequency and phase of the intermediate frequency signal are the frequency and phase of the filtered electric field signal to be measured. Processing and detecting the intermediate frequency signal also yields the arrival time and pulse width of the microwave electric field signal to be measured, and the amplitude of the microwave electric field to be measured within a certain range can also be measured. Furthermore, this device can obtain the polarization of the microwave electric field to be measured. This improves the accuracy of the microwave electric field measurement to be measured, improves the degree of system integration, and increases the dimensionality of signal measurement.

[0012] The present invention further optimizes the structure of the laser emitting unit. Here, one feasible option is to incorporate a frequency-stabilizing cavity in the laser emitting unit, which communicates with the splitting optical path and transmits the detection laser light to the splitting optical path. With this solution, the laser light generated by the laser emitting unit remains stable and is transmitted through the splitting optical path to the multiple reconnaissance array optical paths.

[0013] Furthermore, in the present invention, a sensor unit mixes the signal of the microwave electric field to be measured with the signal of the local oscillator microwave electric field, facilitating subsequent inversion analysis. Specifically, an optimization is provided herein, with one feasible option being proposed: the sensor unit includes a plurality of atomic sensors arranged in an array. These atomic sensors are configured to receive a probe laser and be excited, combining the microwave electric field to be measured and the local oscillator microwave electric field to produce a readable quantum state change. In this solution, the quantum state change can be used to invert and generate an intermediate frequency signal, which is then used to read the information of the microwave electric field to be measured.

[0014] Furthermore, during laser transmission, the direction of the laser beam is adjusted to ensure smooth transmission to and reception by the signal processing unit. Here, an optimization is proposed, with one feasible option being provided: the optical path of the optical group is further provided with an optical path changer, which adjusts the path of the laser beam emitted by the sensor before transmitting it to the signal processing unit. In this solution, the optical path changer includes a reflector structure, which is used to change the transmission direction of the optical signal emitted by the sensor.

[0015] Furthermore, in the present invention, the signal processing unit that receives and processes the signals emitted by the sensor unit is not limited to a single solution. Here, an optimization is provided as one feasible option: the signal processing unit includes a photodetector, a signal collector, and a signal processor connected in sequence. In this solution, the photodetector is used to convert the optical signal into an electrical signal, and the signal collector and signal processor are used for signal collection and processing, respectively.

[0016] Furthermore, to more comprehensively capture the information carried by the microwave electric field under test, the signal can be converted for collection and processing in a variety of ways. Here, we optimize and cite one feasible option: the signal processing unit also includes an analog-to-digital converter, connected between the photodetector and the signal collector, to convert the electrical signal into a digital signal for acquisition by the signal collector. In this solution, the signals from the multiple reconnaissance array optical paths are all connected and converted for processing.

[0017] The above content discloses the composition structure of the electronic reconnaissance device. The present invention also discloses the electronic reconnaissance method used for the electronic reconnaissance device. Now, the following description will be made:

[0018] An electronic reconnaissance method based on quantum measurement, using the electronic reconnaissance device disclosed above, comprising:

[0019] Transmitting several detection lasers and exciting the atomic sensor to the Rydberg state;

[0020] The microwave electric field to be measured is combined with the local oscillator microwave electric field at the atomic sensor to cause the Rydberg state atoms to undergo quantum state changes;

[0021] The detection laser in quantum state is converted into a signal and subjected to inversion analysis and processing to obtain the information carried by the microwave electric field to be measured.

[0022] The above-mentioned disclosed electronic reconnaissance method excites the atomic sensor through the detection laser, and mixes the microwave electric field to be measured with the local oscillator microwave electric field for post-processing. It can obtain the information carried in the microwave electric field to be measured in multiple dimensions, thereby improving the accuracy and measurement dimension of electronic reconnaissance.

[0023] Furthermore, in the present invention, the atomic sensor mixes and filters the microwave electric field to be measured and the local oscillator microwave electric field to generate an intermediate frequency signal, and performs pulse envelope detection on the intermediate frequency signal to obtain the signal arrival time and pulse width information; the detection laser is converted from an optical signal to an electrical signal through a photodetector, and the frequency and phase obtained after collecting and processing the electrical signal are the frequency and phase of the microwave electric field to be measured.

[0024] Furthermore, the local oscillator microwave electric field signal intensity is fixed. Within a range of less than or equal to 90dB, the amplitude of the microwave electric field to be measured is proportional to the amplitude of the intermediate frequency electric field, thereby realizing the amplitude measurement of the microwave electric field to be measured. When the range is greater than 90dB, the local oscillator microwave electric field is turned off, and the amplitude of the microwave electric field to be measured is measured through EIT (Electromagnetically induced transparency, EIT) spectral splitting. At the same time, due to the inconsistency between the polarization directions of the microwave electric field and the laser, an optical pumping effect will be generated, resulting in some EIT transmission peaks not undergoing AT splitting, but instead undergoing Stark frequency shift and splitting under the action of the microwave electric field. Therefore, the polarization measurement of the microwave electric field to be measured is carried out through the difference in EIT transmission peaks.

[0025] Furthermore, to improve signal measurement accuracy, the present invention allows for post-array measurement. Because the atomic sensors themselves do not block microwave signals, one-, two-, or three-dimensional arrays can be implemented, providing omnidirectional electromagnetic signal lateral detection. This optimization and a feasible option are presented here: using the phase comparison method to form an atomic sensor array and measure the target azimuth of the microwave electric field to be measured.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, some of the beneficial effects of the technical solution disclosed in the present invention include:

[0027] The electronic reconnaissance device provided by the present invention utilizes the detection laser to excite the atomic sensor, mixes the microwave electric field to be measured and the local oscillator microwave electric field, and then performs inversion and inference, thereby obtaining the information in the microwave electric field to be measured. The method of using the electronic reconnaissance device for reconnaissance has higher detection accuracy and a wider dimension that can be detected. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only represent some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the composition of the electronic reconnaissance device provided by the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the process of electronic reconnaissance method.

[0031] Figure 3 This is the measured image of the zero-IF signal after the 1.61GHz continuous wave signal is processed by quantum superheterodyne.

[0032] Figure 4This is the measured diagram of a zero-IF signal with a pulse width of 100us, a period of 1000us, and a 1.61GHz signal after quantum superheterodyne. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0034] In view of the fact that current electronic reconnaissance devices have a single detection method, low reconnaissance accuracy of the microwave electric field to be measured, and few reconnaissance dimensions, the following embodiments are optimized to solve the defects in the existing technology.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides an electronic reconnaissance device based on quantum measurement, which aims to improve the accuracy and dimension of electronic reconnaissance and improve the integration of the electronic reconnaissance device.

[0037] Specifically, as an electronic reconnaissance device provided in this embodiment, one of its structures includes:

[0038] The laser emitting unit is used to generate detection laser; the laser emitting unit includes a laser generator and a plurality of split beam optical paths.

[0039] Preferably, this embodiment optimizes the structure of the laser emitting unit. Here, one feasible option is provided: the laser emitting unit is provided with a frequency-stabilizing cavity, which is connected to the splitting optical path and is used to transmit the detection laser light to the splitting optical path. With this solution, the laser light generated by the laser emitting unit is maintained in a stable state and transmitted through the splitting optical path to the multiple reconnaissance array optical paths.

[0040] The second structure of the electronic reconnaissance device provided in this embodiment includes:

[0041] Several reconnaissance group array optical paths are used to reconnaissance the microwave electric field to be measured; the reconnaissance group array optical paths include sensing parts connected to the beam splitting optical paths in a one-to-one correspondence, and the sensing parts are used to combine the microwave signal to be measured with the local oscillator microwave signal to generate an intermediate frequency signal.

[0042] In this embodiment, a sensor unit mixes the measured microwave electric field signal with the local oscillator microwave electric field signal to facilitate subsequent inversion analysis. Specifically, this embodiment optimizes and adopts one feasible option: the sensor unit includes a plurality of atomic sensors arranged in an array. These atomic sensors are used to receive a probe laser and are excited to combine the measured microwave electric field with the local oscillator microwave electric field to produce a readable quantum state change. In this solution, the quantum state change can be used to invert and generate an intermediate frequency signal, which is then used to read the information of the measured microwave electric field.

[0043] Preferably, in this embodiment, a traditional aperture is used in combination with an atomic sensor: the traditional aperture is coupled with the atomic sensor through a space microwave transmission system such as a resonator or a traveling wave tube, and the sensor array that receives the space microwave signal is still realized by the traditional aperture. The atomic sensor array is used as the signal receiving and processing front end of the traditional aperture array in a ratio of 1:1 or n:1.

[0044] Preferably, during laser transmission, the direction of the laser beam is adjusted to ensure smooth transmission to and reception by the signal processing unit. This embodiment optimizes and employs one feasible option: the optical path of the optical group is further provided with an optical path changer, which adjusts the path of the laser beam emitted by the sensor before transmitting it to the signal processing unit. When this solution is adopted, the optical path changer includes a reflector structure, which is used to change the transmission direction of the optical signal emitted by the sensor.

[0045] The reflector structure may adopt a single reflector or a combination of multiple reflectors to realize the reflection of the optical signal.

[0046] The third structure of the electronic reconnaissance device provided in this embodiment includes:

[0047] The signal processing unit is used to detect, collect and process the intermediate frequency signal generated by the reconnaissance team's optical path.

[0048] In this embodiment, the signal processing unit that receives and processes the signals emitted by the sensor unit is not limited to a single solution. This embodiment optimizes and adopts one feasible option: the signal processing unit includes a photodetector, a signal collector, and a signal processor connected in sequence. In this solution, the photodetector converts the optical signal into an electrical signal, and the signal collector and signal processor respectively collect and process the signal.

[0049] To more comprehensively capture the information carried by the microwave electric field to be measured, the signal can be converted to facilitate acquisition and processing in a variety of ways. Here, we optimize and cite one feasible option: the signal processing unit also includes an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), which is connected between the photodetector and the signal collector to convert the electrical signal into a digital signal for acquisition by the signal collector. In this solution, the signals from the multiple reconnaissance array optical paths are all connected and converted for processing.

[0050] The electronic reconnaissance device disclosed in this embodiment uses a Rydberg-state atomic sensor to perform frequency mixing and filtering on the microwave electric field to be measured and the local oscillator microwave electric field, obtains an intermediate frequency signal, and then performs signal conversion. Finally, the signal processing unit performs analysis and processing, and inverts to obtain the information in the microwave signal to be measured. In this process, the frequency and phase of the intermediate frequency signal are the frequency and phase of the filtered electric field signal to be measured, and the processing and detection of the intermediate frequency signal can also obtain the arrival time and pulse width of the microwave electric field signal to be measured. It can also measure the amplitude of the microwave electric field to be measured within a certain range. In addition, the polarization of the microwave electric field to be measured can be obtained through this device. This can improve the accuracy of the measurement of the microwave electric field to be measured, the degree of system integration, and increase the dimension of signal measurement.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] The above embodiment discloses the composition structure of the electronic reconnaissance device. This embodiment discloses an electronic reconnaissance method used for the electronic reconnaissance device. The following is a description:

[0053] like Figure 2 As shown, an electronic reconnaissance method based on quantum measurement, using the electronic reconnaissance device disclosed in Example 1, includes:

[0054] S01: Transmit several detection lasers and excite the atomic sensor to the Rydberg state.

[0055] Preferably, in this embodiment, laser light is generated by a laser emitter and split into several detection laser beams to excite multiple atomic sensors.

[0056] S02: combining the microwave electric field to be measured with the local oscillator microwave electric field at the atomic sensor to cause the Rydberg state atoms to undergo quantum state changes.

[0057] Preferably, in this embodiment, the atomic sensor mixes and filters the microwave electric field to be measured and the local oscillator microwave electric field to generate an intermediate frequency signal, and performs pulse envelope detection on the intermediate frequency signal to obtain the signal arrival time and pulse width information; the detection laser is converted from an optical signal to an electrical signal through a photoelectric detector, and the frequency and phase obtained after collecting and processing the electrical signal are the frequency and phase of the microwave electric field to be measured.

[0058] S03: Perform signal conversion and inversion analysis on the detection laser in the quantum state to obtain the information carried by the microwave electric field to be measured.

[0059] Preferably, the local oscillator microwave electric field signal intensity is fixed, and within a range of less than or equal to 90 dB, the amplitude of the microwave electric field to be measured is proportional to the amplitude of the intermediate frequency electric field, thereby realizing the amplitude measurement of the microwave electric field to be measured; when the range is greater than 90 dB, the local oscillator microwave electric field is turned off, and the amplitude of the microwave electric field to be measured is measured by EIT (Electromagnetically induced transparency, EIT, electromagnetic wave induced transparency) spectrum splitting; at the same time, due to the inconsistency between the polarization directions of the microwave electric field and the laser, an optical pumping effect will be generated, resulting in some EIT transmission peaks not undergoing AT splitting, but Stark frequency shift and splitting under the action of the microwave electric field, so the polarization measurement of the microwave electric field to be measured is performed through the difference in EIT transmission peaks.

[0060] Preferably, in order to improve signal measurement accuracy, this embodiment can perform post-array measurement. Since the atomic sensors themselves do not block microwave signals, one-, two-, or three-dimensional arrays can be implemented, achieving omnidirectional electromagnetic signal lateral detection. This embodiment optimizes and adopts one feasible option: using the phase comparison method to form an atomic sensor array and perform target azimuth measurement of the microwave electric field to be measured.

[0061] The electronic reconnaissance method disclosed in this embodiment excites the atomic sensor through a detection laser, and mixes the microwave electric field to be measured with the local oscillator microwave electric field for post-processing. This method can obtain the information carried in the microwave electric field to be measured in multiple dimensions, thereby improving the accuracy and measurement dimension of electronic reconnaissance.

[0062] An application example is provided here, in which the electronic reconnaissance device in Example 1 and the electronic reconnaissance method in Example 2 are used to conduct actual reconnaissance.

[0063] like Figure 3 、 Figure 4 As shown, the quantum measurement method in this technical solution is used to achieve 1.61GHz signal reception measurement. Figure 3 This is the measured image of the zero-IF signal after the 1.61GHz continuous wave signal is processed by quantum superheterodyne. Figure 4 This is a measured image of a 1.61GHz signal with a 100µs pulse width and a 1000µs period after quantum superheterodyne processing. After processing the quantum superheterodyne signal, information such as frequency, relative phase, amplitude, and arrival time can be obtained.

[0064] The above are the implementation methods listed in this embodiment, but this embodiment is not limited to the above optional implementation methods. Those skilled in the art can arbitrarily combine the above methods to obtain other various implementation methods. Anyone can derive other various implementation methods based on the inspiration of this embodiment. The above specific implementation methods should not be understood as limiting the scope of protection of this embodiment. The scope of protection of this embodiment should be based on the definition in the claims.

Claims

1. An electronic reconnaissance method based on quantum measurement, characterized in that: include: Transmitting several detection lasers and exciting the atomic sensor to the Rydberg state; The microwave electric field to be measured is combined with the local oscillator microwave electric field at the atomic sensor to cause the Rydberg state atoms to undergo quantum state changes; The detection laser of the quantum state is converted into a signal and then subjected to inversion analysis and processing to obtain the information carried by the microwave electric field to be measured; In the range of less than or equal to 90dB, the amplitude of the microwave electric field to be measured is proportional to the amplitude of the intermediate frequency electric field; when the range is greater than 90dB, the local oscillator microwave electric field is turned off, and the amplitude of the microwave electric field to be measured is measured by EIT spectrum splitting; at the same time, the polarization measurement of the microwave electric field to be measured is carried out by the difference in EIT transmission peaks; The electronic reconnaissance method uses an electronic reconnaissance device based on quantum measurement, including: A laser emitting unit for generating a detection laser; the laser emitting unit comprises a laser generator and a plurality of split beam optical paths; A plurality of reconnaissance group array optical paths are used to reconnaissance the microwave electric field to be measured; the reconnaissance group array optical paths include sensing parts connected to the beam splitting optical paths in a one-to-one correspondence, and the sensing parts are used to combine the microwave signal to be measured with the local oscillator microwave signal to generate an intermediate frequency signal; The signal processing unit is used to detect, collect and process the intermediate frequency signals generated by the reconnaissance team's optical path; The sensing part includes a plurality of atomic sensors arranged in an array. The atomic sensors are used to receive detection laser and be excited, and combine the microwave electric field to be measured and the local oscillator microwave electric field to generate a quantum state change that can be read.

2. The electronic reconnaissance method based on quantum measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The atomic sensor mixes and filters the microwave electric field to be measured with the local oscillator microwave electric field to generate an intermediate frequency signal. The pulse envelope detection of the intermediate frequency signal can obtain the signal arrival time and pulse width information. The detection laser is converted from an optical signal to an electrical signal through a photodetector. The frequency and phase obtained after collecting and processing the electrical signal are the frequency and phase of the microwave electric field to be measured.

3. The electronic reconnaissance method based on quantum measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phase comparison method is used to form an atomic sensor array and measure the target azimuth of the microwave electric field to be measured.

4. The electronic reconnaissance method based on quantum measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser emitting part is provided with a frequency stabilizing cavity, which is communicated with the beam splitting optical path and is used to transmit the detection laser to the beam splitting optical path.

5. The electronic reconnaissance method based on quantum measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The group-oscillation optical path is further provided with an optical path diameter-changing device, which is used to adjust the path of the laser emitted by the sensor and transmit it to the signal processing unit.

6. The electronic reconnaissance device based on quantum measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal processing unit includes a photoelectric detector, a signal collector and a signal processor which are connected in sequence.

7. The electronic reconnaissance device based on quantum measurement according to claim 6, characterized in that: The signal processing unit further includes an analog-to-digital converter, which is connected between the photoelectric detector and the signal collector to convert the electrical signal into a digital signal and obtain the digital signal by the signal collector.

Images