A condition monitoring terminal and method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of state monitoring terminal and method, belong to distribution switch state monitoring technical field, including CPU module, AD sampling module, input module, output module, power module and database;AD sampling module is used to collect the electrical quantity of permanent magnet quick circuit breaker, input module is used to collect external telesignalling and is transmitted to CPU module, CPU module receives electrical quantity and external telesignalling and carries out internal logic processing and produces opening / closing control signal according to processing result, output module is used to output opening / closing control signal to permanent magnet quick circuit breaker, power module is used to provide DC for opening / closing control circuit, database is used to store historical data and current collected data, CPU module compares processing result and historical data, judges whether permanent magnet quick circuit breaker exists exception, to realize the state monitoring of permanent magnet quick circuit breaker;Through the state monitoring of permanent magnet component, improve reliability and safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a status monitoring terminal and method, belonging to the field of power distribution switch status monitoring technology. Background Technology

[0002] Distribution switch monitoring terminals (FTUs) are key intelligent devices in the construction of distribution network automation. They are suitable for applications such as 35kV and below switching stations, substations, ring main units, prefabricated substations, and pole-mounted switches. They can be installed near the primary equipment switch to locally perform various functions such as protection, information acquisition, fault detection, and execution of remote control commands. They also support advanced functions such as embedded web, remote maintenance, and WIFI-based information-based debugging. In recent years, the power industry has vigorously promoted the integration of primary and secondary distribution network equipment. From installation methods, connection relationships, monitoring methods, and operation and maintenance, this has greatly improved the historical problems of outdated technology, extensive management, and low automation in distribution network equipment. Therefore, the integration of primary and secondary distribution network technologies has become a hot research topic in the power industry in recent years. Permanent magnet fast circuit breakers, as primary fast switching devices in the integration scheme, focus on controlling the charging and discharging of the excitation coil. Real-time monitoring of the control circuit is particularly important, but the monitoring accuracy of existing technologies is relatively low. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a status monitoring terminal and method to accurately monitor the status of permanent magnet fast circuit breakers, thereby improving the reliability and safety of permanent magnet fast circuit breakers.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution:

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a status monitoring terminal that connects to a permanent magnet fast circuit breaker to form a tripping / closing control loop. The terminal includes a CPU module, an AD sampling module, an input module, an output module, a power supply module, and a database. The AD sampling module collects electrical quantities from the permanent magnet fast circuit breaker. The input module collects external remote signaling quantities and transmits them to the CPU module. Upon receiving the electrical quantities and external remote signaling quantities, the CPU module performs internal logic processing and generates tripping / closing control signals based on the processing results. The output module outputs the tripping / closing control signals to the permanent magnet fast circuit breaker. The power supply module provides DC power to the tripping / closing control loop. The database stores historical data and currently collected data. The CPU module compares the processing results with the historical data in the database to determine if the permanent magnet fast circuit breaker is abnormal, thereby achieving status monitoring of the permanent magnet fast circuit breaker.

[0006] In conjunction with the first aspect, the permanent magnet fast circuit breaker is further equipped with an excitation coil, which is connected to a status monitoring terminal device via a control cable. The status monitoring terminal device also includes a control guide, which is connected to the output side of the power module and is used to switch the on and off states of the opening / closing control circuit.

[0007] In conjunction with the first aspect, the control guide is further described as an IGBT controller.

[0008] In conjunction with the first aspect, the output side of the power module is further connected to an energy storage capacitor to provide the required electrical energy for opening / closing the circuit breaker.

[0009] In conjunction with the first aspect, the AD sampling module further includes a Hall current collector connected in series in the opening / closing control circuit and a Hall voltage collector connected in parallel in the opening / closing control circuit. The Hall current collector and the Hall voltage collector collect electrical quantities in the opening / closing control circuit and convert them into 4-20mA DC signals to reduce transmission loss. The DC signals are processed by the AD sampling module and then sent to the CPU module.

[0010] In addition to the first aspect, it further includes an alarm module and a communication module. The alarm module is used to issue an alarm when the CPU module detects an abnormality in the permanent magnet fast circuit breaker, and the communication module is used to transmit the alarm to the upper-level management system to achieve the requirements of remote monitoring.

[0011] Secondly, the present invention also provides a status monitoring method based on the terminal described in any one of the first aspects, comprising:

[0012] Acquire electrical signals and external telemetry signals from the excitation coil in the permanent magnet fast circuit breaker;

[0013] The electrical quantities and external remote signaling quantities are processed internally to obtain the processing results;

[0014] The processing results are compared with historical data to determine whether there is any abnormality in the permanent magnet fast circuit breaker.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are:

[0016] This invention provides a condition monitoring terminal and method that collects electrical quantities and external remote signaling quantities of a permanent magnet fast circuit breaker (FTU), performs internal logic processing on the electrical quantities and external remote signaling quantities to obtain processing results, and compares the processing results with historical data in a database to determine whether there is an abnormality in the FTU, thereby realizing condition monitoring of the FTU. Furthermore, the condition monitoring terminal device provided by this invention does not require changing the size of a conventional FTU, making installation convenient. Simultaneously, the sampling circuit is stable and reliable, and it can sense the working status of the excitation coil in the FTU online, effectively improving the reliability and safety of the FTU.

[0017] In this invention, the control guide uses an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) controller, which can quickly and effectively switch between the conduction and blocking states of the line, thereby improving the output response time.

[0018] The energy storage capacitor connected to the output side of the power module provides the electrical energy required for opening / closing, ensuring that the excitation coil can be reliably discharged and energized after the CPU module sends the opening / closing control signal. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a status monitoring terminal provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation and connection of the status monitoring terminal and the permanent magnet fast circuit breaker provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the opening / closing control circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance and terminals of the Hall current collector provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance and terminals of the Hall voltage acquisition device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating the closing and discharging characteristics of the control circuit coil provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the control circuit coil tripping discharge characteristics provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a flowchart of the closing control circuit coil lifetime algorithm provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 9This is a flowchart of the trip control circuit coil life algorithm provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Among them: 1. Enclosed FTU; 2. Permanent magnet fast circuit breaker; 3. Control cable; 4. Hall current collector; 5. Hall voltage collector. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention more clearly, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] An embodiment of the present invention provides a status monitoring terminal, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes a CPU module, an AD sampling module, an input module, an output module, a power supply module, and a database.

[0032] The condition monitoring terminal and permanent magnet fast circuit breaker 2 are configured as follows: Figure 2 Connect as shown to form an opening / closing control circuit (the specific circuit structure is as follows). Figure 3 As shown in the figure, a hood-type FTU1 is used in this embodiment.

[0033] The AD sampling module is used to collect external analog electrical quantities (i.e., electrical quantities of the permanent magnet fast circuit breaker 2 or electrical quantities of the opening / closing control circuit) and transmit them to the CPU module. The input module is used to collect external remote signaling quantities and transmit them to the CPU module. After receiving the electrical quantities and external remote signaling quantities, the CPU module performs internal logic processing to obtain the processing results and generates opening / closing control signals based on the processing results. The output module is used to output the opening / closing control signals to the permanent magnet fast circuit breaker 2. The power supply module is used to provide DC power to the opening / closing control circuit. The database is used to store historical data and currently collected data (such as the excitation coil action data of the fast circuit breaker, including current, voltage, and action time). The CPU module compares the processing results with the historical data in the database to determine whether there is any abnormality in the permanent magnet fast circuit breaker 2, thereby realizing the status monitoring of the permanent magnet fast circuit breaker 2.

[0034] like Figure 3As shown, the excitation coil (code L) is installed inside the permanent magnet fast circuit breaker 2 and connected to the status monitoring terminal via control cable 3. The DC power required for the opening / closing control circuit is provided by the power module (code DC) inside the status monitoring terminal (the power module provides the required level of DC power for the circuit). The DC output side of the power module is simultaneously connected to a large-capacity energy storage capacitor (code C) and control guides (codes G1-G4). The control guides use IGBT controllers, enabling rapid and efficient switching between the on and off states of the line, improving the output response time. The large-capacity energy storage capacitor provides the electrical energy required for opening and closing, ensuring effective operation after the CPU issues the opening / closing control signal. The excitation coil is reliably discharged and energized; after the excitation coil circuit is closed and energized, a magnetic field is generated, which magnetizes the magnetic conductor on the core axis of the coil, making the magnetic conductor exhibit polarity to the outside. When the magnetized conductor end near the permanent magnet end is of the same polarity as the permanent magnet end (the permanent magnet is fixedly installed), a mutual repulsive force is generated, pushing open the mechanism linkage, causing the permanent magnet fast circuit breaker 2 to change from the closed state to the open state (it can also change from the open state to the closed state, depending on the mechanical structure of the permanent magnet fast circuit breaker 2, and the same applies below); when the magnetized conductor end near the permanent magnet end is of opposite polarity to the permanent magnet end (the permanent magnet is fixedly installed), a mutual attractive force is generated, pulling the mechanism linkage, causing the switch to change from the open state to the closed state.

[0035] The AD sampling module includes a Hall current collector 4 (code H1, see...) connected in series in the opening / closing control circuit. Figure 4 Hall voltage acquisition unit 5 (code H2, see) connected in parallel in the opening / closing control circuit. Figure 5 The electrical quantities in the opening / closing control circuit are collected by Hall current collector 4 and Hall voltage collector 5 and converted into 4-20mA DC signals to reduce transmission loss. The DC signals are processed by the AD sampling module and then sent to the CPU module. The CPU module performs subsequent analysis and processing to realize the status monitoring of the excitation coil of the permanent magnet fast circuit breaker 2.

[0036] Based on the mechanical structure characteristics and required operating mechanical properties of the permanent magnet fast circuit breaker 2 involved in this scheme, the following parameters are determined: opening initiation force, closing initiation force, opening speed, closing speed, closing time, opening holding force, and closing holding force. Parameters for the magnetic conductor (permeability, shape), permanent magnet (residual magnetic induction, coercivity), opening spring, and moving iron are also determined. Based on these parameters, the relevant parameters for the configured coils (rated voltage, rated current, number of turns, resistance, inductance, structural factor) and the energy storage capacitor (capacitance value, capacitor voltage) are determined. Based on these parameters, physical operating characteristics are tested and sampled, and the operating data of the excitation coil of the opening / closing control circuit under normal conditions is stored in the database, forming a reference database for the life cycle. Specifically, this is represented by a curve showing the change of closing operating current over time (see...). Figure 6 The curve of the tripping operation current versus time (see) Figure 7 ).

[0037] The status monitoring terminal also includes an alarm module and a communication module. The alarm module is used to issue an alarm when the CPU module detects an abnormality in the permanent magnet fast circuit breaker 2. The communication module is used to transmit the alarm to the upper-level management system to achieve the requirements of remote monitoring.

[0038] When the condition monitoring terminal is put into operation, it collects, analyzes, and compares relevant electrical quantities through the sampling circuit. Through internal algorithms, it analyzes and compares the sampled quantities with database information, promptly detects various abnormalities in the operation of the switch, and issues relevant alarm signals, realizing real-time online monitoring and early warning of the operating condition of the magnetic control switch. At the same time, it feeds back to the upper-level management system through an effective communication module to meet the requirements of remote monitoring, effectively ensuring the stable and reliable operation of the primary switchgear and the reliable response to abnormal situations on site.

[0039] The condition monitoring terminal and permanent magnet fast circuit breaker 2 are configured as follows: Figure 2 The connection is made as shown. In the laboratory, a relay protection tester simulates line fault conditions, generating corresponding fault current and voltage signals. When the status monitoring terminal detects a line abnormality, it will issue a trip control signal, selectively activating controllers G1 and G3. This causes the trip / close control circuit to form a closed loop with current direction from C+→G1→H1→L→G3→C-. The energy storage capacitor C, the excitation coil L of the trip / close control circuit, and the control circuit resistor R form an RLC circuit. The excitation coil current starts from zero at time T0 and shows an increasing trend. Simultaneously, the current in the excitation coil generates a magnetic field around the coil, magnetizing the magnetic conductors on the inner core axis. This causes the magnetic conductors to exhibit polarity externally, with the end near the permanent magnet exhibiting the same polarity as the permanent magnet end, resulting in mutual repulsion. As the excitation coil current increases, the magnetization intensity increases, and the repulsive force increases. When the excitation coil current reaches the trigger current I... k Subsequently, a relative displacement occurs between the magnetic conductor and the permanent magnet. Because the permanent magnet is in a fixed installation position, the magnetic conductor will move, pushing the mechanical linkage. When the magnetic conductor exceeds the effective range of the permanent magnet, the interaction force is negligible compared to the tension of the trip spring. At this point, the tripping force is almost entirely provided by the trip spring, causing the circuit breaker contacts to switch from the closed to the open state. At T... f The tripping action is completed at all times. The holding force in the subsequent tripped state is provided by the tripping spring. The current-time curve during the tripping process is shown below. Figure 7 As shown.

[0040] When the status monitoring terminal sends a closing control signal, controllers G2 and G4 are selectively activated, causing the opening / closing control circuit to form a closed loop with current direction from C+→G2→L→H1→G4→C-. The energy storage capacitor C, the excitation coil L of the control circuit, and the control circuit resistor R form a new RLC circuit (assuming the capacitor is immediately fully charged after opening). The excitation coil current starts from zero at time T0 and shows an upward trend. The current in the excitation coil generates a magnetic field around the coil, magnetizing the magnetic conductors on the inner core axis, causing them to exhibit polarity externally. The end closer to the permanent magnet exhibits a polarity opposite to that of the permanent magnet end, resulting in an attraction between them. As the excitation coil current increases, the magnetization intensity increases, and the attraction increases. When the excitation coil current reaches the trigger current I... c Subsequently, a relative displacement occurs between the magnetic conductor and the permanent magnet. Because the permanent magnet is in a fixed installation position, the magnetic conductor will move, pulling the mechanical linkage and causing the circuit breaker contacts to switch from the open to the closed state. The closing action is completed at time Tx. At this time, the permanent magnet and the magnetic conductor maintain the closed state through natural attraction. The closing controller remains in the conducting state (i.e., the closing pulse width is greater than the closing action time). w The steady-state current of the line after it reaches a steady state is approximately a purely resistive circuit. The curve of the current changing with time during the closing process is shown below. Figure 6 As shown.

[0041] By connecting Hall current and voltage acquisition devices to the opening / closing control circuit, the curves of current change over time at each moment during opening and closing actions are collected and recorded. The data is then analyzed and compared with the data stored in the database to provide abnormal alarm information.

[0042] by Figure 6 Taking the closing current curve as an example, after the status monitoring terminal receives an external closing command, it selectively turns on the IGBT element and uses Hall voltage acquisition device 5 to collect and detect whether the capacitor voltage amplitude is within the normal range. If it exceeds the range, it indicates an abnormal capacitor voltage. The time T0 when the current amplitude starts to rise is recorded to detect whether there is an internal logic operation abnormality in the device. c Record the trigger current I at all times. c It is used to detect whether there are any abnormalities in the excitation coil and whether there is any jamming in the mechanical parts at the start; it records the moment T when the circuit is closed. x It can detect whether there is mechanical jamming during the conduction process; and record the current value I after the excitation current stabilizes. w This is used to detect whether the excitation coil has abnormal aging or poor contact after the detection circuit has stabilized. The relevant monitoring algorithm flow is as follows: Figure 8 This is used to form an algorithm for monitoring the closing status of the excitation coil in the excitation control circuit.

[0043] by Figure 7Taking the tripping current curve as an example, after the status monitoring terminal detects a line abnormality (or remotely trips the circuit breaker), and issues a tripping command, it selectively conducts the IGBT components. The Hall voltage collector 5 collects and checks whether the capacitor voltage amplitude is within the normal range. If it exceeds the range, it indicates a capacitor voltage abnormality. The time T0 when the current amplitude begins to rise is recorded to detect whether there is an internal logic operation abnormality in the device. k Record the trigger current I at all times. k It is used to detect whether there are any abnormalities in the excitation coil and whether there is any jamming in the mechanical parts at the start; it records the moment T when the circuit breaker is in place. f It can detect whether there is mechanical jamming during the conduction process, and whether the elasticity of the trip spring has decreased. The relevant monitoring algorithm process is as follows: Figure 9 This is used to form an algorithm for monitoring the opening / closing status of the excitation coil in the circuit breaker control loop.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] This invention provides a status monitoring method, implemented based on the status monitoring terminal described in Embodiment 1, comprising:

[0046] Acquire electrical signals and external telemetry signals from the excitation coil in the permanent magnet fast circuit breaker;

[0047] The electrical quantities and external remote signaling quantities are processed internally to obtain the processing results;

[0048] The processing results are compared with historical data to determine whether there is any abnormality in the permanent magnet fast circuit breaker.

[0049] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0050] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0051] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0052] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0053] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A status monitoring terminal, connected to a permanent magnet fast circuit breaker to form an opening / closing control circuit, characterized in that, The system includes a CPU module, an AD sampling module, an input module, an output module, a power supply module, and a database. The AD sampling module is used to collect electrical quantities of the permanent magnet fast circuit breaker. The input module is used to collect external remote signaling quantities and transmit them to the CPU module. After receiving the electrical quantities and external remote signaling quantities, the CPU module performs internal logic processing and generates opening / closing control signals based on the processing results. The output module is used to output opening / closing control signals to the permanent magnet fast circuit breaker. The power supply module is used to provide DC power to the opening / closing control circuit. The database is used to store historical data and currently collected data. The CPU module compares the processing results with the historical data in the database to determine whether there is any abnormality in the permanent magnet fast circuit breaker, thereby realizing the status monitoring of the permanent magnet fast circuit breaker. The permanent magnet fast circuit breaker is equipped with an excitation coil, which is connected to a status monitoring terminal device via a control cable. The status monitoring terminal device also includes a control guide, which is connected to the output side of the power module and is used to switch the on and off states of the opening / closing control circuit. The output side of the power module is also connected to an energy storage capacitor, which is used to provide the required power for opening / closing the circuit breaker. The AD sampling module includes a Hall current collector connected in series in the opening / closing control circuit and a Hall voltage collector connected in parallel in the opening / closing control circuit. The Hall current collector and the Hall voltage collector collect electrical quantities in the opening / closing control circuit and convert them into 4-20mA DC signals to reduce transmission loss. The DC signals are processed by the AD sampling module and then sent to the CPU module. The CPU module is configured as follows: The AD sampling module collects the tripping current curve during the current tripping action or the closing current curve during the current closing action. When collecting the closing current curve, the following operations are performed: After the status monitoring terminal receives the external closing command input, it selectively turns on the IGBT element and collects the capacitance voltage amplitude through the Hall voltage collector to check whether it is within the normal range. If it exceeds the range, it indicates that the capacitance voltage is abnormal. The moment T0 when the current amplitude begins to rise is recorded to detect whether there is an abnormality in the internal logic operation of the device. In T c Record the trigger current I at all times. c It is used to detect whether there is any abnormality in the excitation coil and whether there is any jamming in the mechanical parts at the start time; Record the moment T when the circuit breaker is in place. x It is used to detect whether there is mechanical jamming during the conduction process; and to record the current value I after the excitation current stabilizes. w It is used to detect whether there is abnormal aging or poor contact in the excitation coil after the circuit has stabilized; When collecting the trip current curve, the following operations are performed: after the status monitoring terminal detects a line abnormality or remote tripping, and issues a trip command, the IGBT element is selectively turned on, and the Hall voltage collector collects whether the capacitor voltage amplitude is within the normal range. If it exceeds the range, the capacitor voltage is indicated as abnormal. The moment T0 when the current amplitude begins to rise is recorded to detect whether there is an abnormality in the internal logic operation of the device. In T k Record the trigger current I at all times. k It is used to detect whether there are any abnormalities in the excitation coil and whether there is any jamming in the mechanical parts at the start; it records the time T when the circuit breaker is fully open. f It is used to detect whether there is mechanical jamming during the transmission process, and to detect whether the elasticity of the gate spring has decreased.

2. The status monitoring terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control guide is an IGBT controller.

3. A status monitoring terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an alarm module and a communication module. The alarm module is used to issue an alarm when the CPU module detects an abnormality in the permanent magnet fast circuit breaker, and the communication module is used to transmit the alarm to the upper-level management system to achieve remote monitoring requirements.

4. A method for monitoring the status of a terminal based on any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, include: Acquire electrical signals and external telemetry signals from the excitation coil in the permanent magnet fast circuit breaker; The electrical quantities and external remote signaling quantities are processed internally to obtain the processing results; The processing results are compared with historical data to determine whether there is any abnormality in the permanent magnet fast circuit breaker.

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