AC-DC converter, power supply unit, and energy storage method after power frequency rectification.

Abstract

This application belongs to the field of power supply technology and provides an AC-DC converter, a power supply device, and a method for energy storage after power frequency rectification. The AC-DC converter includes: a full-wave rectification unit for rectifying power frequency power; an instantaneous voltage detection unit for outputting a first trigger signal when the detected instantaneous voltage after rectification is higher than a first preset voltage and lower than a second preset voltage, wherein the second preset voltage is less than the peak voltage after rectification; a rising state detection unit for outputting a second trigger signal when the detected instantaneous voltage is in a rising state; a switching transistor driving unit for generating a driving signal upon receiving the first and second trigger signals; and a switching transistor energy storage unit for controlling the switching transistor in the switching transistor energy storage unit to conduct according to the driving signal, so as to store energy in the energy storage capacitor on the output side. This eliminates the need to use the peak voltage as the minimum withstand voltage of the energy storage capacitor, thus achieving capacitor energy storage below the peak voltage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power supply technology, and in particular to an AC-DC converter, a power supply device, and a method for realizing energy storage after power frequency rectification. Background Technology

[0002] Existing AC / DC power supplies require filter / energy storage capacitors (such as electrolytic capacitors) after rectification to meet the highest peak voltage. At a nominal 220V power frequency with a voltage fluctuation of ±30%, the minimum withstand voltage of the filter capacitor (energy storage) is 400V. When the voltage fluctuation is ±50%, a 500V filter capacitor (energy storage) should be selected. At a 100V power frequency with a voltage fluctuation of ±20%, the rectified and filtered voltage is between 113V and 170V. When the AC / DC converter is a global power supply (applicable to global mains power), it generally needs to be able to operate from a minimum of 50V to a maximum of 470V (DC). In this case, to meet different voltage requirements, the rectified filter (energy storage) capacitor will need to be compatible with both high-voltage (220V+50%) and low-voltage (100V-20%) large-capacity capacitors, leading to issues such as size limitations. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, embodiments of this application provide an AC-DC converter, a power supply device, and a method for energy storage after power frequency rectification.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an AC-DC converter, comprising:

[0005] A full-wave rectifier unit, the input of which is connected to a power frequency power supply to perform full-wave rectification on the power frequency power supply;

[0006] A transient voltage detection unit, connected to the output terminal of the full-wave rectifier unit, is used to output a first trigger signal each time the transient voltage after rectification is detected to be higher than a first preset voltage and lower than a second preset voltage; wherein, the second preset voltage is less than the peak voltage after rectification;

[0007] A rising-state detection unit, connected to the output terminal of the full-wave rectifier unit, is used to output a second trigger signal each time the instantaneous voltage after rectification is detected to be in a rising state.

[0008] A switching transistor driving unit, connected to the instantaneous voltage detection unit and the rising state detection unit, is used to generate a driving signal to turn on the switching transistor when the first trigger signal and the second trigger signal are received.

[0009] The switching transistor energy storage unit is connected to the output terminal of the full-wave rectifier unit and the switching transistor drive unit. It is used to control the switching transistor in the switching transistor energy storage unit to conduct according to the drive signal, so as to store energy in the energy storage capacitor on the output side.

[0010] In some embodiments, the AC-DC converter further includes:

[0011] An overcurrent detection unit, connected to the switching transistor energy storage unit and the switching transistor drive unit, is used to detect the current flowing through the switching transistor and generate an overcurrent signal when the current exceeds a preset current threshold, so that the switching transistor drive unit generates a drive signal to turn off the switching transistor and stop charging.

[0012] In some embodiments, the switching transistor energy storage unit includes the switching transistor, a first output-side energy storage capacitor, and a first commutation diode, wherein the first output-side energy storage capacitor is connected to the switching transistor and the first commutation diode, which are arranged in parallel.

[0013] The switching transistor energy storage unit is used to control the first output-side energy storage capacitor to charge when the switching transistor is turned on, and to discharge through the first commutation diode when the switching transistor is turned off.

[0014] In some embodiments, the AC-DC converter further includes:

[0015] The rising state detection unit is also used to output a third trigger signal each time the instantaneous voltage after rectification is detected to be in a falling state;

[0016] A thyristor driving unit, connected to the instantaneous voltage detection unit and the rising state detection unit, is used to generate a driving signal to turn on the thyristor when the first trigger signal and the third trigger signal are received simultaneously.

[0017] The thyristor energy storage unit is connected to the output terminal of the full-wave rectifier unit and the thyristor drive unit. When the drive signal is received, it controls the thyristor in the thyristor energy storage unit to conduct so as to store energy in the energy storage capacitor on the output side until the thyristor turn-off condition is met.

[0018] In some embodiments, the thyristor energy storage unit includes the thyristor, a second output-side energy storage capacitor and a second commutation diode, wherein the second output-side energy storage capacitor is connected to the thyristor and the second commutation diode in parallel.

[0019] The thyristor energy storage unit is used to control the second output-side energy storage capacitor to charge when the thyristor is turned on, and to discharge through the second commutation diode when the thyristor is turned off.

[0020] In some embodiments, when the switching transistor driving unit is implemented by logic circuits, the switching transistor driving unit includes a reference module, a clock module, and a first register driving module, wherein the first register driving module is based on a first shift register.

[0021] The thyristor driving unit includes a second register driving module, which is based on a second shift register whose control signal is opposite to that of the first shift register.

[0022] The reference module is used to provide the comparison voltage required by the instantaneous voltage detection unit, as well as the operating voltage required by the first register driver module and the second register driver module;

[0023] The clock module is used to provide displacement clock signals to the first register driver module and the second register driver module, thereby generating corresponding switching transistor drive signals.

[0024] In some embodiments, the switching transistor driving unit and the thyristor driving unit are implemented using a common integrated driving control chip.

[0025] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an AC-DC converter, comprising:

[0026] A full-wave rectifier unit, the input of which is connected to a power frequency power supply to perform full-wave rectification on the power frequency power supply;

[0027] A transient voltage detection unit, connected to the output terminal of the full-wave rectifier unit, is used to output a first trigger signal each time the transient voltage after rectification is detected to be higher than a first preset voltage and lower than a second preset voltage; wherein, the second preset voltage is less than the peak voltage after rectification;

[0028] A falling-state detection unit, connected to the output of the full-wave rectifier unit, is used to output a third trigger signal each time the instantaneous voltage after rectification is detected to be in a falling state.

[0029] A thyristor driving unit, connected to the instantaneous voltage detection unit and the falling state detection unit, is used to generate a driving signal to turn on the thyristor when the first trigger signal and the third trigger signal are received.

[0030] The thyristor energy storage unit is connected to the output terminal of the full-wave rectifier unit and the thyristor drive unit. When the drive signal is received, it controls the thyristor in the thyristor energy storage unit to conduct so as to store energy in the energy storage capacitor on the output side until the thyristor turn-off condition is met.

[0031] Thirdly, embodiments of this application also provide a power supply device, including the AC-DC converter described above.

[0032] Fourthly, embodiments of this application also provide a method for realizing energy storage after power frequency rectification, including:

[0033] Full-wave rectification is performed on the input power frequency;

[0034] The magnitude of the rectified instantaneous voltage is detected, and a first trigger signal is output each time the instantaneous voltage is higher than a first preset voltage and lower than a second preset voltage; wherein, the second preset voltage is less than the rectified peak voltage and greater than the first preset voltage;

[0035] The instantaneous voltage after rectification is detected to be in either a rising or falling state, and a second trigger signal is output each time it is in either a rising or falling state.

[0036] A drive signal is generated based on the first trigger signal and the second trigger signal;

[0037] According to the driving signal, the switch transistor connected in series with the output-side energy storage capacitor is turned on to store energy in the output-side energy storage capacitor.

[0038] The embodiments of this application have the following beneficial effects:

[0039] The AC-DC converter proposed in this application includes a full-wave rectification unit, a transient voltage detection unit, a rising-state detection unit, a switching transistor drive unit, and a switching transistor energy storage unit. Specifically, after rectifying the mains power supply, the magnitude and rising-state of the rectified transient voltage are detected. When the transient voltage is detected to be higher than a first preset voltage and lower than a second preset voltage (i.e., within the corresponding voltage range, and the second preset voltage is lower than the rectified peak voltage) and in a rising state, the switching transistor connected in series with the output-side energy storage capacitor is turned on to store energy in the energy storage capacitor. This circuit structure enables non-peak voltage (non-peak voltage) charging control after mains rectification. This eliminates the need to use the highest peak voltage as the minimum withstand voltage of the energy storage capacitor, as is common in traditional converters. It allows for the use of the lowest voltage (e.g., 50V) of the AC-DC converter circuit, effectively solving the size issues associated with full compatibility between high withstand voltage and low voltage with large capacity, and reducing the difficulty in selecting the energy storage capacitor. Attached Figure Description

[0040] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0041] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the method for energy storage after power frequency rectification according to an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0042] Figure 2A schematic diagram of the waveform after power frequency rectification according to an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0043] Figure 3 A first structural schematic diagram of an AC-DC converter according to an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0044] Figure 4 A second structural schematic diagram of an AC-DC converter according to an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0045] Figure 5 A third structural schematic diagram of the AC-DC converter according to an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0046] Figure 6 A fourth structural schematic diagram of the AC-DC converter according to an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0047] Figure 7 A specific circuit diagram of an AC-DC converter according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0048] Explanation of key component symbols:

[0049] 10-AC-DC converter; 11-Full-wave rectifier unit; 12-Instantaneous voltage detection unit;

[0050] 13-Rising state detection unit; 14-Switch transistor drive unit; 141-Reference module;

[0051] 142-Clock module; 143-First register driver module; 15-Switch transistor energy storage unit;

[0052] 16-Overcurrent detection unit; 17-SCR drive unit; 171-Second register drive module;

[0053] 18-SCR energy storage unit. Detailed Implementation

[0054] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments.

[0055] The components of the embodiments of this application described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings can be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0056] In the following text, the terms "comprising," "having," and their cognates, which may be used in various embodiments of this application, are intended only to indicate a particular feature, number, step, operation, element, component, or combination thereof, and should not be construed as primarily excluding the presence of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations thereof, or adding the possibility of one or more combinations thereof. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used only for distinguishing descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0057] Unless otherwise specified, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) shall have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the various embodiments of this application pertain. Terms (such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries) shall be interpreted as having the same meaning as in their contextual meaning in the relevant technical field and shall not be construed as having an idealized or overly formal meaning, unless clearly defined in the various embodiments of this application.

[0058] The following detailed description of some embodiments of this application is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0059] In existing AC / DC power supplies, the energy storage capacitor after rectification needs to meet the highest peak voltage. For applications with a wide voltage range (e.g., 100-220V), to accommodate different voltages, there's a problem of large size resulting from the compatibility of high-voltage (220V+50%) and low-voltage (100V-20%) large-capacity capacitors. This leads to significant limitations in capacitor selection and higher costs. To address this, this application proposes a method that incorporates two energy storage methods within a rectified half-wave at the non-peak (wave crest) level. This method ensures that the absolute value of the wave crest remains unchanged after rectification, while the wave trough is "raised," thus providing an optimal cost-performance ratio for energy storage capacitors with varying power ratings. This solution effectively overcomes the shortcomings of traditional energy storage capacitors.

[0060] Please refer to Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method for realizing energy storage after power frequency rectification proposed in this application embodiment. Exemplarily, this method for realizing energy storage after power frequency rectification mainly includes the following steps:

[0061] S110 performs full-wave rectification of the power frequency power supply.

[0062] Among them, power frequency power supply mainly refers to sinusoidal / cosine alternating current (AC) with a frequency of 50Hz to 60Hz for industrial and domestic use, and its voltage range can vary from 100V to 220V. For example, when powering user terminals (such as mobile phones, computers, etc.) and electrical equipment, the AC power is first rectified by full-wave rectification, such as using a rectifier bridge, to obtain DC power. For example, with a minimum voltage of 100V and a maximum AC voltage of 220V, Figure 2 The figure shows the half-wave waveform obtained after full-wave rectification. It can be seen that the highest peak voltage after rectification can reach 311V (i.e., 220x1.414V).

[0063] S120: The instantaneous voltage after rectification is detected, and each time the instantaneous voltage is higher than the first preset voltage and lower than the second preset voltage, i.e., it is working in the set voltage domain, the first trigger signal is output; wherein, the second preset voltage is less than the peak voltage after rectification and greater than the first preset voltage.

[0064] The first preset voltage can be set according to the applicable minimum input voltage, such as 50V in the example above, and its purpose is to raise the valley voltage. The second preset voltage will be greater than the first preset voltage, but less than the peak voltage, and can be estimated based on the required load power. It can be understood that the magnitude of the instantaneous voltage changes periodically, and there will be two trigger signals within one half-wave: the voltage rise interval and the voltage fall interval.

[0065] In this embodiment, a segment of the rising or falling half-wave is used to charge the energy storage capacitor, raising the valley voltage to a specified value (i.e., the first preset voltage). The capacitance is selected according to the required target power, so that the discharge terminates at the specified value and connects with the second half-wave. Then, in the second half-wave, the energy storage capacitor is charged to another specified value (i.e., the second preset voltage), and so on. This ensures that the converter can provide a stable full-load output to the load regardless of whether the rectified waveform is at the valley (above the first preset voltage).

[0066] S130 detects the rising or falling state of the instantaneous voltage after rectification, and outputs a second trigger signal each time it is in a rising or falling state.

[0067] A half-wave includes a voltage rise interval and a voltage fall interval, such as Figure 2 As shown, the rising state refers to a gradually increasing voltage trend (corresponding to the rising interval), while the falling state refers to a gradually decreasing voltage trend (corresponding to the falling interval). In this embodiment, energy can be stored in the energy storage capacitor during the instantaneous voltage rise period; energy can also be stored in the energy storage capacitor during the falling period, i.e., there are two energy storage methods, and one of them can be selected according to actual needs.

[0068] It can be understood that when detecting a rising state, the second trigger signal will be output during the rising state; or, when detecting a falling state, the second trigger signal will be output during the falling state. The first and second trigger signals mentioned above are only to distinguish that the two trigger signals have different sources and represent different meanings.

[0069] S140, a switch drive signal is generated based on the first trigger signal and the second trigger signal.

[0070] Exemplary charging of the energy storage capacitor only occurs when both the instantaneous voltage and its trend meet the requirements. For example, in the rising state, when the instantaneous voltage reaches a first preset voltage, a drive signal is generated to turn on the switch, allowing charging. When the instantaneous voltage reaches a second preset voltage, a drive signal is generated to turn off the switch, stopping charging. As another example, in the falling state, when the instantaneous voltage drops to the second preset voltage, charging begins. When the instantaneous voltage continues to drop to the first preset voltage, charging stops, and discharging begins to provide the voltage required by the load. This continues until the instantaneous voltage of the second half-wave reaches the first preset voltage, at which point the circuit voltage directly supplies power.

[0071] S150, according to the switch drive signal, control the switch connected in series with the output side energy storage capacitor to turn on, so as to store energy in the output side energy storage capacitor.

[0072] The output-side energy storage capacitor refers to a capacitor located at the circuit output terminal that filters the output voltage and stores energy, typically used to connect to the load. In this embodiment, to control the charging / discharging of the energy storage capacitor, a corresponding controllable switching device needs to be connected in series with it. When the switching device is turned on, a charging circuit is formed, allowing the energy storage capacitor to store energy (charge). It is understood that the aforementioned controllable switching device may include, but is not limited to, devices with switching characteristics such as MOSFETs and silicon controlled rectifiers (SCRs). It is also understood that when the instantaneous voltage is outside the range of the first preset voltage and the second preset voltage, the first trigger signal will not be output, and consequently, the switching drive signal will not be generated; in this case, the switching device will be in the off state.

[0073] Based on the above implementation method, the following section will take the method of energy storage control during the rising state as an example to illustrate the specific circuit design.

[0074] Please refer to Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the AC-DC converter 10 proposed in this application embodiment. Exemplarily, the AC-DC converter 10 mainly includes a full-wave rectifier unit 11, a transient voltage detection unit 12, a rising-state detection unit 13, a switching transistor drive unit 14, and a switching transistor energy storage unit 15. The input terminal of the full-wave rectifier unit 11 is connected to a power frequency power supply, and its output terminal is connected to the transient voltage detection unit 12, the rising-state detection unit 13, and the switching transistor energy storage unit 15, respectively. The transient voltage detection unit 12 and the rising-state detection unit 13 are also connected to the switching transistor drive unit 14, and the switching transistor drive unit 14 is connected to the switching transistor energy storage unit 15.

[0075] The full-wave rectifier unit 11 is used to perform full-wave rectification on the connected power frequency power supply to obtain, as shown in the figure. Figure 2 The rectified half-wave signal is shown. For example, the full-wave rectifier unit 11 can be implemented using a rectifier bridge composed of four diodes.

[0076] The instantaneous voltage detection unit 12 is used to detect the magnitude of the rectified instantaneous voltage and output a first trigger signal each time the instantaneous voltage is higher than a first preset voltage and lower than a second preset voltage. The second preset voltage is less than the rectified peak voltage but greater than the first preset voltage. In one embodiment, the instantaneous voltage detection unit 12 may include two parts: detection of voltages higher than the first preset voltage and detection of voltages lower than the second preset voltage. These two parts can also be integrated into a circuit design, which is not limited here. For example, during the voltage rise period, when the instantaneous voltage is detected to reach the second preset voltage, a high (or low) level signal can be output until the first preset voltage is reached, at which point a low (or high) level signal is output. Similarly, during the voltage fall period, a high level signal is output in the range below the second preset voltage but above the first preset voltage, while a low level signal is output at other times.

[0077] The rising state detection unit 13 is used to detect the rising state of the instantaneous voltage after rectification, and outputs a second trigger signal (e.g., high level) each time it is in a rising state; otherwise, it does not output a trigger signal (e.g., low level). It can be understood that detecting a rising state also means that it is not in a falling state; and that not detecting a rising state indicates that it is in a falling state. For example, in one embodiment, the rising state detection unit 13 can determine whether there is an upward trend by acquiring the voltage magnitudes at two different times and comparing the two voltage magnitudes.

[0078] The switching transistor drive unit 14 is used to generate a drive signal to turn on the switching transistor each time it receives the first trigger signal and the second trigger signal mentioned above.

[0079] In one implementation, the switch driver unit 14 can be implemented using corresponding gate logic circuits. For example, such as Figure 4 As shown, the switching transistor driving unit 14 includes a reference module 141, a clock module 142, and a first register driving module 143, wherein the first register driving module 143 is mainly composed of a shift register. Specifically, the reference module 141 can be used to provide the comparison voltage (i.e., reference voltage) required by the instantaneous voltage detection unit 12 and the operating voltage required by the first register driving module 143; while the clock module 142 is used to provide a shift clock signal to the first register driving module 143, thereby generating the corresponding switching transistor driving signal. It can be understood that the purpose of the shift register is filtering, which can prevent damage to the energy storage capacitor due to input jitter.

[0080] In another embodiment, the switching transistor driving unit 14 can be implemented using a driver chip that integrates the function of generating PWM signals to drive the switching transistor. The specific implementation of the switching transistor driving unit 14 is not limited here, and users can select it according to their actual needs.

[0081] The switching transistor energy storage unit 15 is used to control the switching transistor Q1 in the switching transistor energy storage unit 15 to conduct when the drive signal is received, so as to store energy in the output-side energy storage capacitor. In one embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, the switching transistor energy storage unit 15 includes a switching transistor Q1, an output-side energy storage capacitor (denoted as the first output-side energy storage capacitor C1), and a commutation diode (denoted as the first commutation diode D1). The output-side energy storage capacitor C1 is connected in parallel with the switching transistor Q1 and the commutation diode D1. When the switching transistor Q1 is turned on, it can charge the output-side energy storage capacitor C1. When the switching transistor Q1 is turned off, the output-side energy storage capacitor C1 can discharge to the load through the commutation diode. The switching transistor Q1 can be a MOSFET, such as... Figure 4 The PMOS transistor shown can, of course, also be an NMOS transistor, and the circuit can be adjusted accordingly. When using a MOS transistor, the commutation diode can be a parasitic diode of the MOS transistor or an additional external diode, etc.

[0082] In a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, the AC-DC converter 10 also includes an overcurrent detection unit 16, which is connected to the switching transistor energy storage unit 15 and the switching transistor drive unit 14. It can be used to detect the current flowing through the switching transistor Q1 and generate an overcurrent signal when the current is greater than a preset current threshold, so that the switching transistor drive unit 14 generates a drive signal to turn off the switching transistor Q1 and stop charging.

[0083] Therefore, through the cooperation of the aforementioned units, a trigger signal can be output whenever the instantaneous voltage reaches the second preset voltage during the voltage rise period, until the instantaneous voltage exceeds the first preset voltage. During the output of the trigger signal, the control MOSFET is turned on, forming a charging circuit for the energy storage capacitor C1. During the charging process, the terminal voltage of the energy storage capacitor C1 gradually increases. Since the input voltage is higher than the first preset voltage, the energy storage capacitor C1 will stop charging after the instantaneous voltage reaches the first preset voltage. After entering the falling range, when the instantaneous voltage drops below the second preset voltage, the power supply from the input voltage switches to the energy storage capacitor C1 for discharging, and continues discharging until the second half-wave reaches the second preset voltage. Then, it is recharged again, and this cycle repeats to provide electrical energy without interruption, achieving continuous operation.

[0084] In addition to storing energy during the rising phase, in another embodiment, the AC-DC converter 10 may further include a thyristor drive unit 17 and a thyristor energy storage unit 18 to store energy during the falling phase. Exemplarily, as... Figure 5 As shown, the AC-DC converter 10 further includes: a rising-state detection unit 13 for detecting the falling-state of the rectified instantaneous voltage, and outputting a third trigger signal when the voltage is in the falling state; a thyristor drive unit 17, connected to the instantaneous voltage detection unit 12 and the rising-state detection unit 13, for generating a drive signal to turn on the thyristor when simultaneously receiving the first trigger signal generated by the instantaneous voltage detection unit 12 and the third trigger signal generated by the rising-state detection unit 13. A thyristor energy storage unit 18, connected to the output terminal of the full-wave rectifier unit 11 and the thyristor drive unit 17, is used to control the thyristor in the thyristor energy storage unit 18 to turn on when the drive signal is received, so as to store energy in the output-side energy storage capacitor until the thyristor turn-off condition is met. It can be understood that a thyristor is a semi-controllable device; its conduction can be triggered by a drive signal, while its turn-off requires automatic shutdown based on the magnitude of the current flowing through it decreasing to a certain level. During the decreasing range, the current will become smaller and smaller, and the thyristor will turn off when the current is less than the freewheeling current of the thyristor.

[0085] In one implementation, if the thyristor driving unit 17 is also implemented using logic circuits, for cost considerations, the thyristor driving unit 17 and the switching transistor driving unit 14 share some components, such as the aforementioned reference module 141 and clock module 142. Figure 5As shown, the second register driver module 171 can also be supplied with the required operating voltage by the reference module 141 and the shift clock signal by the clock module 142. In addition, the thyristor driver unit 17 also includes a second register driver module 171, which is based on another shift register whose control signal is opposite to that of the first shift register. This is because at any given time, the thyristor driver unit 17 is either in a rising state or a falling state; therefore, the control signals of the thyristor driver unit 17 and the switching transistor driver unit 14 are correspondingly set to be opposite. For example, the control signal of the switching transistor driver unit 14 can be inverted using a NOT gate to obtain the control signal of the thyristor driver unit 17.

[0086] In one implementation, such as Figure 6 As shown, the thyristor energy storage unit 18 includes a thyristor Q2, a second output-side energy storage capacitor C2, and a second commutating diode D2. The second output-side energy storage capacitor C2 is connected in parallel with the thyristor Q2 and the second commutating diode D2. When the thyristor Q2 is turned on, it charges the second output-side energy storage capacitor C2. When the thyristor Q2 is turned off, the second output-side energy storage capacitor C2 can discharge through the second commutating diode D2.

[0087] In an optional embodiment, the circuit structure for storing energy in the drooping range can also be a separate AC-DC converter 10. Exemplarily, this AC-DC converter 10 includes: a full-wave rectifier unit 11, whose input is connected to a power frequency power supply for full-wave rectification; an instantaneous voltage detection unit 12, connected to the output of the full-wave rectifier unit 11, for outputting a first trigger signal each time the rectified instantaneous voltage is detected to be higher than a first preset voltage and lower than a second preset voltage; wherein the second preset voltage is less than the rectified peak voltage; and a drooping state detection unit, connected to the output of the full-wave rectifier unit 11. The output terminal of the full-wave rectifier unit 11 is connected to the output terminal of the rectifier unit 12 and the rectifier drive unit 17. The output terminal of the rectifier drive unit 17 is connected to the output terminal of the full-wave rectifier unit 11 and the rectifier drive unit 17. The output terminal of the rectifier drive unit 18 is connected to the output terminal of the full-wave rectifier unit 11 and the rectifier drive unit 17. The output terminal of the rectifier drive unit 18 is connected to the output terminal of the full-wave rectifier unit 11 and the rectifier drive unit 17. The output terminal of the rectifier drive unit 18 is connected to the output terminal of the full-wave rectifier unit 11 and the output terminal of ... full-wave rectifier drive unit 18 is connected to the output terminal of the full-wave rectifier unit 11 and the output terminal of the rectifier drive unit 17. The output terminal of the full-wave rectifier drive unit 18 is connected to the output terminal of the full-wave rectifier unit 11 and the output terminal of the rectifier drive unit 17. The output terminal of the full-wave rectifier drive unit 18

[0088] It is understandable that the aforementioned fall-state detection unit can also be implemented using a rise-state detection unit. The circuit structures for rise-state energy storage and fall-state energy storage can be designed separately according to the required power, or they can be integrated simultaneously on a wafer, with the user choosing one lead based on market demand. This results in an integrated circuit that can satisfy both practical applications. In any given scenario, one of these two energy storage methods will be selected to operate. It is worth noting that rise-state energy storage is suitable for scenarios with higher load power, while fall-state energy storage is suitable for scenarios with lower load power.

[0089] Referring to the design principle of the above embodiments, the following will combine the actual design circuit diagram to verify the energy storage in the non-top stage after power frequency rectification. Here, we will first conduct a theoretical analysis: (1) Assuming the input voltage is 220VAC (RMS) / 50Hz, the peak value is 220x1.414V. Figure 7 As shown, the angle at t0 (50V) is arcsin(50 / 220x1.414) = 9.247 (degrees), which is about 0.5ms; the angle at t1 (100V) is arcsin(100 / 220x1.414) = 18.74 (degrees), which is about 1.04ms; (2) Assuming that the instantaneous voltage of the mains power is equal in time from 50V to 100V and from 100V to 50V, that is, t1-t0 = t3-t2 = t5-t4 = 0.504ms; then the duration of the voltage rise charging mode is t1-t0 = 0.5ms; the duration of voltage rise charging and its drop discharging is t4-t2 = 1.5ms; while the instantaneous voltage drop mode, the charging and discharging are completed simultaneously within this 1.5ms (t4-t2). (3) Calculation of the output-side energy storage capacitor capacity: Assuming it is used for 65W (maximum load power), the energy storage capacitor should be able to provide 65W over 1.5ms with a voltage between 100V and 50V. Assuming an average voltage of 75V, the average current is 65 / 75 = 0.867 (A). For an ideal capacitor, the charge flowing through it is 0.867 x 0.0015 = 0.0013 (coulombs). Since 1 farad capacitor stores 1 coulomb of charge, which is equivalent to 1 volt, a change of 0.0013 coulombs results in a 50-volt change. Therefore, 0.0013 / 50 = 0.000026 (farads) = 26 (uF). Considering line resistance, capacitance, etc., a 47uF capacitor is selected. This is the capacitor required for the rising charge storage and falling charge discharge. (4) If falling-state energy storage is used, charging from 100V in the falling mode involves complex factors such as charging resistance and thyristor turn-on delay. Referring to rising-state charging and actual testing, a 20uF / 100V capacitor is sufficient for power consumption below 20W. Based on the above analysis, a design such as... Figure 7The diagram shows a specific circuit diagram of an AC-DC converter 10, wherein T1 to T11 are, in sequence, a full-wave rectification unit, a switching transistor driving unit, a thyristor driving unit, a clock module, a transient voltage detection module above 100V, a transient voltage detection module below 50V, a rising-state detection unit, a reference module, an overcurrent detection unit, a switching transistor energy storage unit, and a thyristor energy storage unit. It is understood that this application focuses on protecting the methods and implementation ideas of the above embodiments. This circuit diagram is merely an example; for instance, some logic circuits and driving circuits in the circuit diagram can also be implemented using integrated control chips, etc., and this is not a limitation.

[0090] In addition, this application also provides a power supply device, exemplary of which the terminal device includes the aforementioned AC-DC converter 10.

[0091] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and methods can also be implemented in other ways. The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings show the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of apparatus, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of this application. In this regard, each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code containing one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that, in alternative implementations, the functions marked in the blocks may occur in a different order than those marked in the drawings. For example, two consecutive blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in the block diagram and / or flowchart, and combinations of blocks in the block diagram and / or flowchart, can be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or action, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0092] In addition, the functional modules or units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated together to form an independent part, or each module can exist independently, or two or more modules can be integrated to form an independent part.

[0093] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An AC-DC converter, characterized in that, include: A full-wave rectifier unit, the input of which is connected to a power frequency power supply to perform full-wave rectification on the power frequency power supply; A transient voltage detection unit, connected to the output terminal of the full-wave rectifier unit, is used to output a first trigger signal each time the transient voltage after rectification is detected to be higher than a first preset voltage and lower than a second preset voltage; wherein, the second preset voltage is less than the peak voltage after rectification; A rising-state detection unit, connected to the output terminal of the full-wave rectifier unit, is used to output a second trigger signal each time the instantaneous voltage after rectification is detected to be in a rising state. A switching transistor driving unit, connected to the instantaneous voltage detection unit and the rising state detection unit, is used to generate a driving signal to turn on the switching transistor when the first trigger signal and the second trigger signal are received. The switching transistor energy storage unit is connected to the output terminal of the full-wave rectifier unit and the switching transistor drive unit. It is used to control the switching transistor in the switching transistor energy storage unit to conduct according to the drive signal, so as to store energy in the energy storage capacitor on the output side.

2. The AC-DC converter according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: An overcurrent detection unit, connected to the switching transistor energy storage unit and the switching transistor drive unit, is used to detect the current flowing through the switching transistor and generate an overcurrent signal when the current exceeds a preset current threshold, so that the switching transistor drive unit generates a drive signal to turn off the switching transistor and stop charging.

3. The AC-DC converter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switching transistor energy storage unit includes the switching transistor, a first output-side energy storage capacitor, and a first commutation diode. The first output-side energy storage capacitor is connected to the switching transistor and the first commutation diode, which are arranged in parallel. The switching transistor energy storage unit is used to control the first output-side energy storage capacitor to charge when the switching transistor is turned on, and to discharge through the first commutation diode when the switching transistor is turned off.

4. The AC-DC converter according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The rising state detection unit is also used to output a third trigger signal each time the instantaneous voltage after rectification is detected to be in a falling state; A thyristor driving unit, connected to the instantaneous voltage detection unit and the rising state detection unit, is used to generate a driving signal to turn on the thyristor when the first trigger signal and the third trigger signal are received simultaneously. The thyristor energy storage unit is connected to the output terminal of the full-wave rectifier unit and the thyristor drive unit. When the drive signal is received, it controls the thyristor in the thyristor energy storage unit to conduct so as to store energy in the energy storage capacitor on the output side until the thyristor turn-off condition is met.

5. The AC-DC converter according to claim 4, characterized in that, The thyristor energy storage unit includes the thyristor, a second output-side energy storage capacitor and a second commutation diode, wherein the second output-side energy storage capacitor is connected to the thyristor and the second commutation diode in parallel. The thyristor energy storage unit is used to control the second output-side energy storage capacitor to charge when the thyristor is turned on, and to discharge through the second commutation diode when the thyristor is turned off.

6. The AC-DC converter according to claim 4, characterized in that, When the switching transistor driving unit is implemented through logic circuits, the switching transistor driving unit includes a reference module, a clock module, and a first register driving module, wherein the first register driving module is based on a first shift register; The thyristor driving unit includes a second register driving module, which is based on a second shift register whose control signal is opposite to that of the first shift register. The reference module is used to provide the comparison voltage required by the instantaneous voltage detection unit, as well as the operating voltage required by the first register driver module and the second register driver module; The clock module is used to provide displacement clock signals to the first register driver module and the second register driver module, thereby generating corresponding switching transistor drive signals.

7. The AC-DC converter according to claim 4, characterized in that, The switching transistor driving unit and the thyristor driving unit are implemented using a common integrated driving control chip.

8. An AC-DC converter, characterized in that, include: A full-wave rectifier unit, the input of which is connected to a power frequency power supply to perform full-wave rectification on the power frequency power supply; A transient voltage detection unit, connected to the output terminal of the full-wave rectifier unit, is used to output a first trigger signal each time the transient voltage after rectification is detected to be higher than a first preset voltage and lower than a second preset voltage; wherein, the second preset voltage is less than the peak voltage after rectification; A falling-state detection unit, connected to the output of the full-wave rectifier unit, is used to output a third trigger signal each time the instantaneous voltage after rectification is detected to be in a falling state. A thyristor driving unit, connected to the instantaneous voltage detection unit and the falling state detection unit, is used to generate a driving signal to turn on the thyristor when the first trigger signal and the third trigger signal are received simultaneously. The thyristor energy storage unit is connected to the output terminal of the full-wave rectifier unit and the thyristor drive unit. When the drive signal is received, it controls the thyristor in the thyristor energy storage unit to conduct so as to store energy in the energy storage capacitor on the output side until the thyristor turn-off condition is met.

9. A power supply device, characterized in that, Includes the AC-DC converter as described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. A method for realizing energy storage after power frequency rectification, characterized in that, include: Full-wave rectification is performed on the input power frequency; The magnitude of the rectified instantaneous voltage is detected, and a first trigger signal is output each time the instantaneous voltage is higher than a first preset voltage and lower than a second preset voltage; wherein, the second preset voltage is less than the rectified peak voltage and greater than the first preset voltage; The instantaneous voltage after rectification is detected to be in either a rising or falling state, and a second trigger signal is output each time it is in either a rising or falling state. A drive signal is generated based on the first trigger signal and the second trigger signal; According to the driving signal, the switch transistor connected in series with the output-side energy storage capacitor is turned on to store energy in the output-side energy storage capacitor.

Images