A method for making astragalus membranaceus bloom and set seeds at the same time and its application

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for making astragalus membranaceus bloom and set seeds at the same time and its application, and belongs to the technical field of astragalus membranaceus planting. The invention relatively unifies the emergence time by seedling classification, then inhibits the growth of some large seedlings that emerge first by post-emergence herbicides, relatively unifies the growth rate of astragalus membranaceus by reasonable water and fertilizer management, and finally unifies the flowering time by cutting off the top. The invention unifies the flowering time of astragalus membranaceus, and then unifies the maturity of astragalus membranaceus seeds, and improves its germination rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of astragalus planting, and in particular relates to a method for making astragalus bloom and set seeds at the same time and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Seed harvesting is one of the most important links in crop production. The quality of seeds is the basis of plant growth. Only with good seeds can we grow high-quality and high-yield Astragalus. The seed coat of Astragalus seeds is relatively hard, which seriously affects the germination rate of seeds. The hardness rate is mainly affected by the harvest period, which is determined by the fruit maturity period, and the maturity period is mainly affected by the flowering period.

[0003] The bud and flowering period of Astragalus is from mid-June to the end of July, which is about 46 days, with bud and flowering as the main features and lasting for a long time. Due to the uneven emergence of seedlings during transplanting, the disease-free and larger seedlings emerge and bloom first, while the thinner or injured seedlings emerge and bloom later. The large seedlings will also compete for nutrients and living space with the small seedlings, making the difference between the two increasingly larger, resulting in different flowering times for each plant of Astragalus in the field, and great differences in the maturity time of the seeds. When harvested, some seeds are fully mature and hard, while some seeds have not yet matured their embryos, seriously affecting the overall germination rate of seeds after harvest.

[0004] At present, astragalus growers are generally divided into two categories. Farmers with small planting areas manually harvest astragalus pods when they are dry, which is time-consuming and laborious, while farms with large planting areas mechanically harvest seeds when they are fully mature, and the seed hardness rate is high. Both do not perform other management except topdressing and watering when astragalus is in bloom. Summary of the invention

[0005] The invention relatively unifies the emergence time by seedling classification, inhibits the growth of some large seedlings that emerge first by using post-emergence herbicides, relatively unifies the growth speed of astragalus by reasonable water and fertilizer management, and finally unifies the flowering time by cutting off the top.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A method for making astragalus membranaceus bloom and set seeds at the same time, the method mainly comprises spraying half of the herbicide bentazone after the astragalus membranaceus seedlings, and cutting off the top of the astragalus membranaceus with a plant height higher than 30% of the average value of the planting area before flowering in mid-June.

[0008] Preferably, the halved amount of the herbicide bentazone sprayed is 100 ml of 48% bentazone per mu.

[0009] More preferably, the method comprises the following steps:

[0010] (1) Seedling classification;

[0011] (2) When half of the Astragalus membranaceus seedlings have emerged in each field, the amount of post-emergence herbicide bentachlor was reduced by half;

[0012] (3) Before flowering in mid-June, cut off the top of the Astragalus membranaceus plants whose height is more than 30% higher than the average for the planting area.

[0013] More preferably, the seedlings in step (1) are classified as follows: the seedlings are divided into three categories according to their thickness, 0.3-0.4 cm, 0.4-0.5 cm, and 0.5-0.6 cm, and each type of seedling is planted separately, and each type of seedling is planted in one piece of farmland.

[0014] More preferably, the following step is also included between step (2) and step (3): adjusting the starting direction of agricultural operations according to the size of the plot and the seed harvesting rate to ensure that the growth periods of astragalus in the same plot are relatively consistent.

[0015] The invention also provides application of the method in astragalus cultivation.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The invention unifies the flowering time of astragalus, further unifies the maturity of astragalus seeds, and improves the germination rate thereof. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention; it is obvious that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example 1

[0019] Example 1

[0020] This embodiment provides a method for making Astragalus membranaceus bloom and set seeds simultaneously, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0021] 1. Seedling classification

[0022] The seedlings are divided into three categories according to their thickness: 0.3-0.4 cm, 0.4-0.5 cm, and 0.5-0.6 cm. Each type of seedling is planted separately, and each type of seedling is planted in a piece of farmland.

[0023] 2. Even seedlings of the same specifications will have their germination time and growth rate affected by different conditions such as the state of the buds and the effects of wounds. Seedlings with healthy buds without injuries or diseases will germinate and grow faster.

[0024] When half of the Astragalus seedlings in each farmland have emerged, the amount of the post-emergence herbicide bentachlor is halved. The specific dosage is 100 ml of 48% bentachlor per mu. At this time, some grasses have also emerged, and the bentachlor plays the role of a herbicide. More importantly, using half the amount of bentachlor during the seedling stage of Astragalus will not cause obvious phytotoxicity, but it will inhibit the growth rate of Astragalus in the following period of time.

[0025] 3. In the production management process of large-scale Astragalus, planting, watering, fertilizing, weeding and spraying are generally carried out from one side of the field to the other. This will cause the emergence, flowering and seeding of Astragalus to occur from one side of the field to the other. Therefore, the starting direction of agricultural operations should be adjusted according to the size of the plot and the seed harvesting rate to ensure that the growth periods of Astragalus in the same plot are relatively consistent.

[0026] 4. Before flowering in mid-June, select some astragalus according to the standard that the plant height is more than 30% higher than the average value of the planting area, and cut off the tops of these astragalus that are higher than the average value. This can inhibit and delay their flowering time, make them bloom at the same time as other smaller astragalus, and increase the seed pod setting rate.

[0027] Table 1 below is a timetable for the growth period of different specifications of astragalus seedlings when they set seeds in the third year of normal planting, with the time point when half of the astragalus reaches the growth period being recorded.

[0028]

[0029] Table 2 below shows the growth period schedule for 0.5-0.6 cm seedlings when they set seeds in the third year, and are sprayed with post-emergence herbicide bentazone (48% bentazone 100 ml per mu) every year. The time point is when half of the astragalus reaches the growth period.

[0030]

[0031] In the third year of seeding, it takes 5-7 days for the astragalus to grow from 50% to 90% of the seedlings. Spraying half of the bentazone will delay the growth of the astragalus, which will gradually recover in the later stage of the astragalus. Spraying the full amount of bentazone at the time of emergence will also delay the growth of the astragalus, but it will cause some astragalus to be seriously damaged by the drug, the plants will be short, and even the leaves will die and re-sprout. Example 2

[0032] In this embodiment, a control group and an experimental group are set up at the same time. The control group adopts the common method to plant Astragalus, and the experimental group adopts the method in Example 1 to plant Astragalus. The final statistical results are shown in Table 3.

[0033]

[0034] The field emergence rate in Table 3 refers to the total number of seedlings that emerged after planting the seedlings (based on the maximum value within 45 days, because sometimes seedlings die, generally 5, 9, 12, 15, 20, 25, 35, 45 days will be counted, and then the maximum value will be taken). Generally, astragalus seedlings will emerge within 45 days. Field emergence potential refers to astragalus seedlings that emerge within 12 days after planting the seedlings. 7-12 days are the days with the most astragalus seedlings. When planting on a large scale, the planting density will be relatively large. When planting with ordinary methods, the strong seedlings will rob resources after emergence, inhibiting the emergence and growth of injured and weak seedlings. Some astragalus seedlings that emerge very late are affected by the astragalus that emerges first. The size when planted in spring is basically the same as the size when dug out in autumn.

[0035] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for making Astragalus membranaceus bloom and set seeds simultaneously, characterized in that: The method mainly comprises: (1) Seedling classification; (2) When half of the astragalus seedlings in each field have emerged, the amount of herbicide bentachlor used for post-emergence spraying of astragalus should be reduced by half; (3) Before flowering in mid-June, cut off the top of the Astragalus membranaceus plants that are 30% taller than the average for the planting area; The dosage of herbicide bentazone sprayed was halved to 100 mL / acre of 48% bentazone.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In the step (1), the seedlings are classified into three categories according to their thickness: 0.3-0.4 cm, 0.4-0.5 cm, and 0.5-0.6 cm. Each type of seedling is planted separately, and each type of seedling is planted in one farmland.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step (2) and (3) further include the following steps: adjusting the starting direction of agricultural operations according to the size of the plot and the seed harvesting rate to ensure that the growth periods of the astragalus in the same plot are relatively consistent.

4. Application of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 in astragalus cultivation.

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