Optogenetic system for peripheral nerve stimulation

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of for peripheral nerve stimulation optical genetic system, the system includes: light stimulation module, terminal control module and host computer;The light stimulation module includes μLED and the lead wire connected with the positive and negative electrode of μLED, the light stimulation module is implanted in the site required to stimulate, for regulating the neuron activity of the site;The terminal control module includes terminal circuit board and battery, the terminal circuit board is connected with the lead wire, the battery is detachably connected with the terminal circuit board, the terminal control module is fixed on experimental body, for controlling μLED;The host computer is established wireless communication with the terminal control module, for inputting light stimulation parameter and acting on the experimental body, and receiving the working state information of μLED.It is convenient to use the optical genetic system in the application, not limited by the behavior of experimental body, meet the experimental demand, improve the operability of optical genetic system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of medical devices, and more particularly to an optogenetic system for peripheral nerve stimulation. Background Technology

[0002] Optogenetics is a neural circuit modulation technique with high spatiotemporal resolution. It uses genetic methods to express light-responsive channel proteins in specific cells, achieving the goal of activating or inhibiting neuronal activity through light. Since its invention in 2005 by Karl Deisseroth's laboratory at Stanford University, optogenetics has played a crucial role in neural circuit analysis and brain mapping.

[0003] In the central nervous system, the relatively fixed tissues and skull facilitate the implantation of quartz optical fibers, and the application of optogenetic technology is already very mature. However, in the peripheral nerves, the realization of optogenetic stimulation requires flexible technology to cope with tissue movement.

[0004] Flexible technology currently has two development directions: flexible optical fiber and mini LED (hereinafter referred to as μLED). The flexible optical fiber solution can output stronger monochromatic light and generate less heat, but it requires an external laser emitter, and the connection wire can interfere with animal activities. The μLED solution can achieve wireless power supply and signal transmission, but it needs to find a balance between various constraints such as heat generation and light intensity, size and weight, and functionality and battery life.

[0005] Therefore, existing optogenetic systems for peripheral nerve light stimulation experiments are insufficient to meet the needs of neuroscience experiments and have low operability. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, embodiments of this application provide an optogenetic system for peripheral nerve stimulation, aiming to solve the technical problem that existing optogenetic systems for peripheral nerve stimulation are difficult to operate and cannot meet experimental requirements.

[0007] This application provides an optogenetic system for peripheral nerve stimulation, the system comprising: an optostimulation module, a terminal control module, and a host computer;

[0008] The photostimulation module includes a μLED and leads connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the μLED. The photostimulation module is implanted at the site to be stimulated to regulate the neuronal activity at the site.

[0009] The terminal control module includes a terminal circuit board and a battery. The terminal circuit board is connected to the lead wire, and the battery is detachably connected to the terminal circuit board. The terminal control module is fixed on the experimental body and is used to control the μLED.

[0010] The host computer establishes wireless communication with the terminal control module to input light stimulation parameters to the experimental subject and to receive the working status information of the μLED.

[0011] In one possible embodiment of this application, the lead fabrication process includes:

[0012] The positive and negative electrodes of the μLED are led out using gold wire, and the gold wire is wound to form a spiral gold wire.

[0013] The μLED and its positive and negative leads are encapsulated with pre-applied adhesive.

[0014] The spiral gold wire is encapsulated using polydimethylsiloxane to form the lead.

[0015] In one possible embodiment of this application, the process of using gold wire to lead out the positive and negative electrodes of the μLED and winding the gold wire to form a spiral gold wire includes:

[0016] A metal wire soluble in hydrochloric acid is wound together with the gold wire into a spiral shape;

[0017] The wound metal wire and gold wire are dissolved in dilute hydrochloric acid to dissolve the metal wire and obtain the spiral gold wire.

[0018] In one possible embodiment of this application, the process of encapsulating the spiral gold wire with polydimethylsiloxane to form the lead includes:

[0019] The spiral gold wire is coated with a first polydimethylsiloxane;

[0020] A second polydimethylsiloxane is applied to the coated spiral gold wire to form the lead wire;

[0021] The viscosity of the first polydimethylsiloxane is greater than that of the second polydimethylsiloxane.

[0022] In one possible embodiment of this application, after the step of using gold wire to lead out the positive and negative electrodes of the μLED and before the step of winding the gold wire to form a spiral gold wire, the gold wire is encapsulated with parylene, and then a second polydimethylsiloxane is coated on the wound spiral gold wire to form the lead wire.

[0023] In one possible implementation of this application, the terminal circuit board is provided with a low-power Bluetooth chip, a passive crystal oscillator, and a ceramic patch antenna, and communicates with the host computer through the ceramic patch antenna.

[0024] In one possible implementation of this application, the low-power Bluetooth chip includes multiple output pins connected to the μLED for individually controlling the parameters and status feedback of the μLED.

[0025] In one possible embodiment of this application, the battery and the terminal circuit board are detachably connected by a pin header and a female connector, wherein the pin header is connected to the terminal circuit board and the female connector is connected to the battery.

[0026] In one possible implementation of this application, when the battery and the terminal circuit board are installed independently, the battery and the terminal circuit board are detachably connected by a flexible wire, with both ends of the flexible wire connected to the battery and the terminal circuit board respectively.

[0027] In one possible embodiment of this application, the photostimulation module is implanted at the site to be stimulated. During the process of regulating the neuronal activity at the site, a fixation material corresponding to the morphology of the site is selected. The fixation material includes a self-curling material and tissue adhesive.

[0028] This application provides an optogenetic system for peripheral nerve stimulation. The system includes a light stimulation module, a terminal control module, and a host computer. The light stimulation module includes a μLED and leads connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the μLED. The light stimulation module is implanted at the desired stimulation site to regulate neuronal activity at that site. The terminal control module includes a terminal circuit board and a battery. The terminal circuit board is connected to the leads, and the battery is detachably connected to the terminal circuit board. The terminal control module is fixed to the experimental subject and is used to control the μLED. The host computer establishes wireless communication with the terminal control module to input light stimulation parameters to the experimental subject and to receive the working status information of the μLED. That is, in this application, the optogenetic system for peripheral nerve stimulation, composed of the light stimulation module, the terminal control module, and the host computer, controls the μLED and provides feedback on its working status. Furthermore, the terminal control module communicates wirelessly with the host computer, enabling the host computer to control the optogenetic experiment of the experimental subject and acquire relevant information in real time. Meanwhile, the terminal control module can operate simply by plugging in a battery, making it convenient to use, unrestricted by the behavior of the experimental subjects, meeting experimental needs, and improving the operability of the optogenetic system. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of the optogenetic system for peripheral nerve stimulation used in this application;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the terminal control module of the optogenetic system for peripheral nerve stimulation used in this application;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the packaging of the μLED and its leads for the optogenetic system used for peripheral nerve stimulation in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0032] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0033] This application provides an optogenetic system for peripheral nerve stimulation. In one embodiment of the optogenetic system for peripheral nerve stimulation, refer to... Figure 1 The system includes: a photostimulation module 10, a terminal control module 20, and a host computer 30.

[0034] As an example, the photostimulation module includes a μLED 11 and leads 12 connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the μLED. The photostimulation module is implanted at the site to be stimulated to regulate the neuronal activity at the site.

[0035] μLED refers to miniature LEDs. By implanting miniature μLEDs into experimental subjects to stimulate specific sites with light, the activity of neurons at those sites can be modulated. This is particularly important for optogenetic experiments.

[0036] It should be noted that the desired stimulation site refers to the stimulation point on the experimental subject used for peripheral light stimulation in the testing environment. It should also be noted that the experimental subject can be a freely moving animal.

[0037] As an example, the terminal control module 20 includes a terminal circuit board 21 and a battery 22. The terminal circuit board 21 is connected to the lead wire 12, and the battery 22 is detachably connected to the terminal circuit board 21. The terminal control module 20 is fixed on the experimental body 100 and is used to control the μLED.

[0038] The terminal control module is used to control the stimulation parameters of each μLED at each site and to receive the working status of the μLED at each site.

[0039] As an example, the operating states of a μLED include being lit (with varying brightness levels) and not lit. The lit state of the μLED allows us to determine whether it is operational, and thus whether the experiment is proceeding normally.

[0040] The terminal control module 20 includes a terminal circuit board 21 and a battery 22. The terminal circuit board 21 is connected to the lead wire 12 of the μLED, thereby enabling the terminal control module 20 to control the μLED and record the working status of the μLED.

[0041] As an example, the terminal circuit can be a PCB board or a flexible printed circuit board (FPC). Using FPC reduces the size and weight of the circuit board and improves biocompatibility.

[0042] In optogenetic systems, a μLED power supply is required to control the light stimulation of the subjects. Existing optogenetic devices typically use miniature LED light sources and electromagnetic induction coil power supply systems. This necessitates placing the power coil outside the behavioral experimental apparatus, limiting the size of the apparatus to no more than 30*30cm, a size that commonly used elevated or open-field experimental devices exceed. Therefore, a rechargeable battery is detachably connected to the terminal circuit board. During optogenetic experiments, the battery powers the circuit board; when not conducting experiments, it is detached for charging. This reduces the mass and volume of the behavioral experimental apparatus, making its size and animal posture unrestricted.

[0043] As an example, the host computer establishes wireless communication with the terminal control module to input light stimulation parameters to act on the experimental subject and to receive the working status information of the μLED.

[0044] As an example, the host computer can be a PC (Personal Computer) or a smart terminal such as a mobile phone, allowing users to input light stimulation parameters and receive feedback such as the μLED's operating status. Wireless communication is established between the host computer and the terminal control module, enabling the host computer to control the terminal control module and μLED parameters, and receive feedback signals. This is not limited by the size of the behavioral device and offers high operability.

[0045] The photostimulation parameters include parameters such as frequency, pulse width, and chip current (current supplied to the μLED).

[0046] In this embodiment, the optogenetic system for peripheral nerve stimulation includes a photostimulation module, a terminal control module, and a host computer. The photostimulation module includes a μLED and leads connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the μLED. The photostimulation module is implanted at the desired stimulation site to regulate neuronal activity at that site. The terminal control module includes a circuit board and a battery. The circuit board is connected to the leads, and the battery is detachably connected to the circuit board. The terminal control module is fixed to the experimental subject and is used to control the μLED. The host computer establishes wireless communication with the terminal control module to input photostimulation parameters to the experimental subject and to receive the working status information of the μLED. That is, in the optogenetic system for peripheral nerve stimulation composed of the photostimulation module, the terminal control module controls the μLED and provides feedback on its working status. Furthermore, the terminal control module communicates wirelessly with the host computer, enabling the host computer to control the optogenetic experiments on the experimental subject and obtain relevant information in real time. Simultaneously, the terminal control module operates simply by plugging in a battery, making it convenient to use, unrestricted by the behavior of the experimental subject, meeting experimental needs, and improving the operability of the optogenetic system.

[0047] As an example, the wireless communication between the host computer and the terminal control module can be based on bidirectional communication using the Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) protocol. The BLE protocol is integrated into the BLE chip, which is located on the terminal circuit board. It can be understood that, based on the Bluetooth protocol and its transmission power, the communication distance between the host computer and the terminal control module can reach ten meters.

[0048] As an example, the terminal circuit board is equipped with a low-power Bluetooth chip, a passive crystal oscillator, and a ceramic patch antenna, and communicates with the host computer through the ceramic patch antenna.

[0049] When the terminal control module communicates with the host computer via a Bluetooth Low Energy chip, a passive crystal oscillator is also provided on the terminal circuit board to provide the clock for the Bluetooth Low Energy chip, and the ceramic patch antenna communicates with the host computer.

[0050] As an example, the low-power Bluetooth chip can be the CH582F chip, and the terminal circuit board PCB is equipped with a circuit based on the CH582F chip for μLED parameter control, working status detection and Bluetooth protocol communication.

[0051] As an example, the low-power Bluetooth chip includes multiple output pins connected to the μLED for individually controlling the parameters and status feedback of the μLED.

[0052] As an example, the CH582F features four 26-bit timers (TMRs), six 8-bit pulse width modulation (PWM) channels, and eight 12-bit analog-to-digital converters (ADCs). The CH582F has a total of 20 general-purpose input / output (GPIO) pins, allowing the terminal board on each animal's head to support independent control and operational status feedback for four μLEDs. Each μLED uses one GPIO pin, while another pin shares a ground pin (GND) with the other μLEDs.

[0053] It should be noted that the unused GPIO pins of the CH582F chip, including the ADC, can be used for other stimulus outputs or signal acquisition.

[0054] If it is necessary to detect multiple points, the number of output signals can be increased, i.e., GPIO pins can be added, which can also expand to more signal acquisition functions.

[0055] In this embodiment, the Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) chip has a unique ID, and each GPIO pin of the BLE chip also has a unique ID. The signal of each μLED can be determined by the connection relationship between the μLED and the GPIO pin of the BLE chip. Therefore, each μLED of each experimental subject can be independently controlled in real time by a host computer, and the signals fed back by the μLEDs can be received and saved. This enables the optogenetic system to synchronize and coordinate with other systems such as electrophysiological recording.

[0056] It is understandable that a terminal circuit board is implanted on each experimental subject to regulate the neuronal activity at the light stimulation site on that subject, and the low-power Bluetooth chip on each terminal circuit board has a unique ID. Therefore, a host computer can communicate with multiple terminals with unique chip IDs on multiple animals via the Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) protocol, providing three main functions: clock synchronization, input of control parameters, and output and storage of feedback signals.

[0057] Clock synchronization is used to interface with other stimulation and recording systems, such as electrophysiological recordings and behavioral videos.

[0058] The control parameters can adjust the stimulation mode of each μLED on each animal, such as whether it is turned on, the current magnitude, whether it is pulsed or continuous, the pulse width and frequency.

[0059] Feedback signals, such as whether the μLED is short-circuited or open-circuited, can be displayed and saved in real time on the host computer.

[0060] As an example, the terminal control module's terminal circuit board is implanted in the skull of the experimental subject, or in a location such as the back that can support the terminal circuit board without affecting the subject's movement. When the terminal circuit board is implanted in the skull of the experimental subject, the circuit board is fixed to the skull on the top of the subject's head using skull nails and pre-applied adhesive (such as AB glue).

[0061] In this embodiment, the host computer and the terminal communicate in a one-to-many real-time manner through the chip's unique ID and the Bluetooth Low Energy protocol. This enables independent control of multiple experimental devices, multiple animals in each device, and multiple sites on each animal. The working status of the μLED can be fed back to the host computer.

[0062] As an example, the battery and the terminal circuit board are connected by a pin header-female header detachable connection, with the pin header connected to the terminal circuit board and the female header connected to the battery.

[0063] Reference Figure 2 The terminal control module includes a terminal circuit board 21 and a battery 22. The terminal circuit board 21 is provided with pin headers 211. The battery 22 is connected to a socket 222 via solder joints 221. The battery 22 and the socket 222 are soldered and fixed together and sealed with tape 23. The pin headers 211 and the socket 222 are plugged in.

[0064] As an example, the terminal circuit board area can be as small as 7x7 mm. It is based on the CH582F chip. The low dropout linear regulator (LDO) on the terminal circuit board reduces the voltage of about 3.7V provided by the battery to the 3.3V required by the chip. The chip clock is provided by a 32MHz passive crystal oscillator and communicates with the host computer through a ceramic patch antenna.

[0065] The driving current for the μLED is provided by the general purpose input / output (GPIO) pins corresponding to the four 26-bit timers (TMRs) of the CH582F chip. Depending on the required penetration depth or distance of the emitted light within the experimental body, the circuit can select either 5mA or 20mA to power the μLED, with pulse or continuous output modes available. The pulse width and period in pulse mode are adjustable between 1μs and 1s, and a ±10ppm crystal oscillator ensures accuracy. μLED operating status detection is provided by four of the eight ADC channels of the CH582F chip.

[0066] Due to the push-pull output characteristics of the CH582F chip, experiments showed that the voltage across the μLED was highest (3.3V) when open-circuited and lowest when short-circuited. However, during normal operation, the voltage across the μLED falls within the highest and lowest voltage ranges, with a significant difference between the two. Therefore, determining the appropriate voltage across the μLED during normal operation can establish the threshold for short-circuit and open-circuit detection. For example, a maximum voltage across the μLED indicates an open circuit, while a minimum voltage indicates a short circuit.

[0067] As an example, the battery is a polymer lithium battery commonly used in Bluetooth headsets, measuring 9 x 9 x 4 mm, weighing 0.6 g, and with a capacity of 40 mAh, providing more than two hours of testing. Smaller batteries can be customized to further reduce weight and size if needed. The battery is connected to the terminal circuit board via a pin header and nut header; the battery is inserted at the start of the experiment and recycled for charging afterward.

[0068] As an example, when the battery and the terminal circuit board are installed independently, the battery and the terminal circuit board are detachably connected by a flexible wire, with both ends of the flexible wire connected to the battery and the terminal circuit board respectively.

[0069] If the battery can be carried in a backpack, then the positive and negative terminals of the battery are connected to the header / socket using flexible wires. In other words, the battery is connected to the terminal circuit board via flexible wires.

[0070] In this embodiment, the control circuit uses the CH582F chip as its core and a pluggable polymer lithium battery as its power supply module. It can independently control multiple μLEDs and provide feedback on their operating status. That is, control can be achieved through a host computer, and the terminal circuit board only needs to be plugged into a battery to operate, making it convenient to use. No special transmitting equipment (such as electromagnetic induction coils, LED power supplies, or control equipment) is required, the manufacturing process does not involve high-precision technology or expensive components, and the price is low.

[0071] As an example, the fabrication process of the lead includes:

[0072] Step S10: Use gold wire to lead out the positive and negative electrodes of the μLED, and wind the gold wire to form a spiral gold wire;

[0073] Step S20: Encapsulate the μLED and its positive and negative leads with pre-applied adhesive;

[0074] Step S30: Encapsulate the spiral gold wire with polydimethylsiloxane to form the lead wire.

[0075] As an example, refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the μLED and its lead package. It includes the target nerve or tissue at the desired stimulation site 200, self-curling material 201, μLED 11, spiral gold wire 202, PDMS 203, terminal circuit board 21, pad 204, solder or silver paint 205, and UV-curable adhesive 206.

[0076] The μLED is encapsulated. Specifically, the positive and negative electrodes of the μLED are led out using a soldering process, and the other end of the gold wire is connected to the terminal circuit board. The length of the connecting wire depends on the requirements of different implantation sites. The μLED and its positive and negative electrode leads are then encapsulated with pre-applied adhesive.

[0077] As an example, since the pre-applied adhesive acts near the μLED, it is necessary to choose an adhesive with good light transmittance and easy curing, such as a UV-curable adhesive. The μLED and its leads are encapsulated using UV-curable adhesive.

[0078] To avoid interference from the gold wire leads on the experimental subjects, and to address the limitation that existing wireless optogenetic systems, with their rigid probes connecting to the luminescent sites, restrict application to the central nervous system and prevent peripheral implantation, a bending and encapsulation process was employed. This process made the μLED leads flexible enough to withstand stretching after peripheral implantation, while minimizing tissue damage.

[0079] Specifically, the gold wire is wound into a spiral shape to obtain a spiral gold wire, and then polydimethylsiloxane is used to encapsulate the spiral gold wire to form a lead wire.

[0080] As an example, the welding process can be gold wire ball bonding. In this process, the positive and negative electrodes of the μLED are brought out by gold wire ball bonding with a diameter of about 20μm.

[0081] As an example, the process of using gold wire to lead out the positive and negative electrodes of the μLED and winding the gold wire to form a spiral gold wire includes:

[0082] Step S11: Use a metal wire soluble in hydrochloric acid to wind together with the gold wire into a spiral shape;

[0083] Step S12: The wound metal wire and gold wire are placed in dilute hydrochloric acid to dissolve the metal wire and obtain the spiral gold wire.

[0084] As an example, since gold wire is a soft material and difficult to shape during winding, metal wire can be used to assist in shaping. Specifically, a forming device such as a magnetic stirrer or an electric motor is used to wind the gold wire and metal wire of the two leads of the μLED into spiral shapes. The wound spiral metal wire and gold wire are then dissolved in dilute hydrochloric acid until only the spiral gold wire remains.

[0085] The metal wire is soluble in hydrochloric acid and has a diameter of approximately 50 μm. For example, 304 stainless steel wire.

[0086] As an example, 3D spiral gold wires can be replaced with 2D serpentine wires for mass production using methods such as spin coating and photolithography. 2D serpentine gold wires can be produced through printing processes.

[0087] As an example, the process of encapsulating the spiral gold wire with polydimethylsiloxane to form the lead includes:

[0088] Step S31: Apply the first polydimethylsiloxane to the spiral gold wire;

[0089] Step S32: Apply a second polydimethylsiloxane to the coated spiral gold wire to form the lead wire;

[0090] The viscosity of the first polydimethylsiloxane is greater than that of the second polydimethylsiloxane.

[0091] As an example, a spiral gold wire is encapsulated with polydimethylsiloxane. During the wire formation process, the spiral gold wire is encapsulated with a double layer of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), which includes a first polydimethylsiloxane and a second polydimethylsiloxane.

[0092] In both types of PDMS, the inner first polydimethylsiloxane is thicker when uncured, making it easier to apply to the gold wire, while the outer second polydimethylsiloxane is more elastic, allowing the entire spiral to be sealed into a stretchable, thin cylinder. It should be noted that approximately 0.5cm is left unsealed at the end of the spiral gold wire to facilitate winding it onto the terminal circuit board pins for soldering.

[0093] As an example, the viscosity of the first polydimethylsiloxane is greater than that of the second polydimethylsiloxane. For example, the first polydimethylsiloxane of the inner layer uses DOWSIL. TM The SE 1700 type polydimethylsiloxane is used, while the outer (ordinary) second polydimethylsiloxane uses the SYLGARD 184 type polydimethylsiloxane.

[0094] As an example, after the step of leading out the positive and negative electrodes of the μLED using gold wire and before the step of winding the gold wire to form a spiral gold wire, the gold wire is encapsulated with parylene. Then, a second polydimethylsiloxane is coated on the wound spiral gold wire, eliminating the need for the coating process of the first polydimethylsiloxane on the spiral gold wire, thereby forming a lead wire.

[0095] In this embodiment, the μLED's leads are wound into a spiral shape and encapsulated with PDMS, exhibiting good elasticity and biocompatibility. When the μLED is implanted into the experimental subject, the emitting surface of the μLED is fixed to the stimulation site using a self-curling material or biocompatible adhesive.

[0096] As an example, during the process of implanting the photostimulation module into the desired stimulation site to regulate the neuronal activity at the site, a fixation material corresponding to the morphology of the site is selected, and the fixation material includes self-curling material and tissue adhesive.

[0097] The μLED and its connecting leads in the photostimulation module pass through the interstitial space and subcutaneous tissue. Depending on the stimulation site, a self-coiling material or biocompatible adhesive (i.e., tissue adhesive) is selected to fix the emitting surface of the μLED to the stimulation site. For example, if the target nerve or tissue at the stimulation site is on the bone surface of the experimental subject and cannot be wrapped around, tissue adhesive is selected for bonding. If the target nerve or tissue at the stimulation site can be wrapped around, a self-coiling material is selected to install the μLED onto the target nerve or tissue.

[0098] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0099] The sequence numbers of the above embodiments of the present invention are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0100] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of a software plus hardware platform, or by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk), and includes several instructions to cause a terminal device (which may be a mobile phone, computer, server, air conditioner, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention.

[0101] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the patent. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the description and drawings of the present invention, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An optogenetic system for peripheral nerve stimulation, characterized in that, The system includes: a photostimulation module, a terminal control module, and a host computer; The photostimulation module includes a μLED and leads connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the μLED. The photostimulation module is implanted at the site to be stimulated to regulate the neuronal activity at the site. The leads are obtained by encapsulating a spiral gold wire in a double layer of polydimethylsiloxane. The spiral gold wire is obtained by winding gold wire. The double layer of polydimethylsiloxane includes a first polydimethylsiloxane and a second polydimethylsiloxane. The viscosity of the first polydimethylsiloxane is greater than that of the second polydimethylsiloxane. The terminal control module includes a terminal circuit board and a battery. The terminal circuit board is connected to the lead wire, and the battery is detachably connected to the terminal circuit board. The terminal control module is fixed on the experimental body and is used to control the μLED. The host computer establishes wireless communication with the terminal control module to input light stimulation parameters to the experimental subject and to receive the working status information of the μLED.

2. The optogenetic system for peripheral nerve stimulation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation process of the lead wire includes: The positive and negative electrodes of the μLED are led out using gold wire, and the gold wire is wound to form a spiral gold wire. The μLED and its positive and negative leads are encapsulated with pre-applied adhesive. The spiral gold wire is encapsulated using polydimethylsiloxane to form the lead.

3. The optogenetic system for peripheral nerve stimulation as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The process of using gold wire to lead out the positive and negative electrodes of the μLED and winding the gold wire to form a spiral gold wire includes: A metal wire soluble in hydrochloric acid is wound together with the gold wire into a spiral shape; The wound metal wire and gold wire are dissolved in dilute hydrochloric acid to dissolve the metal wire and obtain the spiral gold wire.

4. The optogenetic system for peripheral nerve stimulation as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The process of encapsulating the spiral gold wire with polydimethylsiloxane to form the lead includes: The spiral gold wire is coated with a first polydimethylsiloxane; A second polydimethylsiloxane is applied to the coated spiral gold wire to form the lead wire; The viscosity of the first polydimethylsiloxane is greater than that of the second polydimethylsiloxane.

5. The optogenetic system for peripheral nerve stimulation as described in claim 4, characterized in that, After the step of leading out the positive and negative electrodes of the μLED using gold wire and before the step of winding the gold wire to form a spiral gold wire, the gold wire is encapsulated with parylene. Then, a second polydimethylsiloxane is coated on the wound spiral gold wire to form the lead wire.

6. The optogenetic system for peripheral nerve stimulation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The terminal circuit board is equipped with a low-power Bluetooth chip, a passive crystal oscillator, and a ceramic patch antenna, and communicates with the host computer through the ceramic patch antenna.

7. The optogenetic system for peripheral nerve stimulation as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The low-power Bluetooth chip includes multiple output pins, which are connected to the μLED and are used to individually control the parameters and status feedback of the μLED.

8. The optogenetic system for peripheral nerve stimulation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The battery and the terminal circuit board are detachably connected by a pin header and a female header, with the pin header connected to the terminal circuit board and the female header connected to the battery.

9. The optogenetic system for peripheral nerve stimulation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When the battery and the terminal circuit board are installed independently, the battery and the terminal circuit board are detachably connected by a flexible wire, with both ends of the flexible wire connected to the battery and the terminal circuit board respectively.

10. The optogenetic system for peripheral nerve stimulation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The photostimulation module is implanted at the site to be stimulated. During the process of regulating the neuronal activity at the site, a fixation material corresponding to the morphology of the site is selected. The fixation material includes self-curling material and tissue glue.

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