A supergravity device and a method for preparing a burning rate regulator

Abstract

The present invention provides a supergravity device and a method for preparing a burning rate regulator. The supergravity device comprises a shell, a rotating unit, a hollow rotating shaft, and a conduit; the rotating unit is arranged in the shell and spaced from the shell, and the rotating unit comprises an annular cambered surface, a first annular filter plate, a packing layer, a second annular filter plate, and an annular filter belt from inside to outside along the radial direction. The device can be used to prepare a burning rate regulator with a small particle size and good dispersibility.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of burning rate regulators, and in particular relates to a supergravity device and a method for preparing a burning rate regulator. Background Art

[0002] The combustion performance of the propellant is an important factor in determining the power of the engine, and the burning rate directly determines the working time and flight speed of the engine. Therefore, by adjusting the burning rate of the propellant, the needs of various engines such as missiles, spacecraft, and rockets can be met.

[0003] Quaternary ammonium salt burning rate regulators are usually used as rate reducers to reduce the burning rate of propellants. Quaternary ammonium salt burning rate regulators have excellent rate reduction effects because quaternary ammonium salt burning rate regulators produce NH3 during the combustion process, which can inhibit the decomposition of the main components in the propellant; at the same time, the free radical intermediates produced during the combustion process can inhibit the formation of an acidic shell on the surface of the propellant. However, the introduction of quaternary ammonium salt burning rate regulators into the propellant formula will significantly reduce the energy of the propellant.

[0004] At present, the effect of burning rate regulators on the energy of propellants can be effectively suppressed by introducing energetic groups such as pentazolium anions, nitrate ions, and dinitramide anions into quaternary ammonium salt burning rate regulators. However, the above-mentioned burning rate regulators have defects such as large particle size and poor dispersibility, which makes it impossible for the burning rate regulators to effectively play their speed reduction role in the actual application of propellants. Therefore, how to obtain a burning rate regulator with a smaller particle size and better dispersibility is a long-term research topic in this field. Summary of the invention

[0005] The invention provides a supergravity device, by means of which a burning rate regulator with smaller particle size and better dispersibility can be prepared.

[0006] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a burning rate regulator. Since the method is carried out using the above-mentioned supergravity device, the obtained burning rate regulator has the advantages of small particle size, good dispersibility, etc.

[0007] According to one aspect of the present invention, a supergravity device is provided, comprising a shell, a rotating unit, a hollow rotating shaft, and a conduit; the rotating unit is arranged in the shell and spaced apart from the shell, and the rotating unit includes an annular arc surface, a first annular filter plate, a packing layer, a second annular filter plate, and an annular filter belt from the inside to the outside along the radial direction; the opening of the annular arc surface is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first annular filter plate and is surrounded to form an injection cavity; the first annular filter plate and the second annular filter plate are spaced apart, and a packing layer is provided between the first annular filter plate and the second annular filter plate; the side wall of the annular arc surface is an inwardly concave arc surface, and a through hole is provided on the side wall close to the conduit; the annular filter belt and the second annular filter plate are spaced apart; the hollow rotating shaft is rotatably arranged at the center of the shell and connected to the rotating unit; the conduit extends from the outside of the shell to the rotating unit along the hollow cavity of the hollow rotating shaft and is spaced apart from the hollow rotating shaft; the bottom end of the conduit is connected to a nozzle, and the nozzle extends into the injection cavity through the through hole.

[0008] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the inner wall of the annular arc surface has a plurality of convex points protruding toward the injection cavity.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the shell is provided with a feed port, a discharge port, and a liquid outlet, the feed port is clamped with the hollow rotating shaft, the discharge port is located at the bottom of the shell, and the liquid outlet is located at the lower end of the side wall of the shell.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present invention, it also includes at least two first support rods and at least two second support rods; the two ends of each of the first support rods are respectively connected to the first annular filter plate and the second annular filter plate; the two ends of each of the second support rods are respectively connected to the second annular filter plate and the annular filter belt.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present invention, it also includes a third support rod, a fourth support rod, and a fifth support rod; the second annular filter plate is connected to the hollow rotating shaft through the third support rod, and the annular filter belt is connected to the hollow rotating shaft through the fourth support rod; the annular filter belt is connected to the discharge port through the fifth support rod.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, it further comprises a first receiving rod, wherein the first receiving rod is located at the bottom of the annular filter belt.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the pore size of the annular filter belt is less than 20 μm; and / or the pore sizes of the first annular filter plate and the second annular filter plate are 50-100 μm, respectively.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the hollow rotating shaft is connected to a power unit that drives the hollow rotating shaft to rotate.

[0015] Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing a burning rate regulator, which is performed using the above-mentioned supergravity device.

[0016] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the reaction raw materials include a quaternary ammonium salt compound and an energetic group-containing compound.

[0017] The implementation of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The supergravity device provided by the present invention comprises a shell, a rotating unit, a hollow rotating shaft, and a conduit. The rotating unit comprises an annular cambered surface, a first annular filter plate, a packing layer, a second annular filter plate, and an annular filter belt from the inside to the outside in the radial direction. The present invention allows the reaction raw materials to be sprayed through a nozzle to effectively improve the atomization effect of the reaction raw materials. At this time, the hollow rotating shaft drives the rotating unit connected thereto to rotate along the axis of the hollow rotating shaft. Under the influence of the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotation, the atomized mixed raw materials pass through the first annular filter plate, the packing layer, and the second annular filter plate in sequence. In the above process, the materials are quickly and evenly mixed, which improves the fluidity of the materials. Under the action of centrifugal force and shear force, the materials are continuously broken into micron-scale to nanometer-scale membranes, filaments, and drops, which improves the mass transfer rate, thereby improving the dispersion and uniformity of the reaction products and reducing the size of the reaction products. Finally, the reaction products are separated from the reaction mother liquor under the action of centrifugal force and the annular filter belt, and preliminary solid-liquid separation is achieved. The supergravity device provided by the present invention is particularly suitable for preparing quaternary ammonium salt combustion rate regulators.

[0019] The method for preparing the burning rate regulator provided by the present invention adopts the above-mentioned supergravity device to perform the method, so the obtained burning rate regulator has the advantages of small particle size and good dispersibility. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a supergravity device in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It is an enlarged view of the local structure of the supergravity device in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Description of reference numerals:

[0023] 1-housing; 2-hollow rotating shaft; 3-conduit; 4-annular camber; 5-first annular filter plate; 6-packing layer; 7-second annular filter plate; 8-annular filter belt; 101-discharge port; 102-liquid outlet; 301-nozzle; 401-injection chamber; 402-through hole; 403-bump; 501-first support rod; 601-second support rod; 701-third support rod; 702-first receiving rod; 801-fourth support rod; 802-fifth support rod; 803-third through hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The specific implementations listed below are only for describing the principles and features of the present invention. The examples are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other implementations obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] The invention provides a supergravity device, comprising a shell, a rotating unit, a hollow rotating shaft, and a conduit; the rotating unit is arranged in the shell and spaced apart from the shell, and the rotating unit comprises an annular arc surface, a first annular filter plate, a packing layer, a second annular filter plate, and an annular filter belt from the inside to the outside along the radial direction; the opening of the annular arc surface is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first annular filter plate and is surrounded to form an injection cavity; the first annular filter plate and the second annular filter plate are spaced apart, and a packing layer is provided between the first annular filter plate and the second annular filter plate; the side wall of the annular arc surface is an inwardly concave arc surface, and a through hole is provided on the side wall close to the conduit; the annular filter belt and the second annular filter plate are spaced apart; the hollow rotating shaft is rotatably arranged at the center of the shell and connected to the rotating unit; the conduit extends from the outside of the shell to the rotating unit along the hollow cavity of the hollow rotating shaft and is spaced apart from the hollow rotating shaft; the bottom end of the conduit is connected to a nozzle, and the nozzle extends into the injection cavity through the through hole.

[0026] Hypergravity refers to the force on a substance being much greater than the acceleration of gravity. In a hypergravity environment, molecular diffusion and mass transfer between different molecules are faster than in a conventional gravity field. In the present invention, the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the rotating unit is used to simulate hypergravity, and the synthesis reaction can be completed efficiently in a short time.

[0027] The present invention does not limit the shape of the outer wall of the housing, as long as it can accommodate the rotating unit and is spaced apart from the housing, and the shape may be determined according to the size of the rotating unit.

[0028] The hollow rotating shaft rotates along its axis. The present invention does not limit the connection method between the hollow rotating shaft and the rotating unit, as long as the hollow rotating shaft drives the rotating unit connected thereto to rotate along the axis of the hollow rotating shaft.

[0029] The hollow rotating shaft has a hollow cavity, and the conduit extends from the outside of the shell to the rotating unit along the hollow cavity. The conduit is used to input the reaction raw materials into the above device, and the method of inputting the reaction raw materials can adopt conventional methods in the art, such as pumping by a centrifugal pump.

[0030] The conduit includes at least two raw material inlets, which are determined according to the type and quantity of the raw materials used. A nozzle is connected to the bottom of the conduit for atomizing the reaction materials and then spraying them out. In order to prevent the hollow rotating shaft from rotating along the axis from affecting the conduit, the conduit is spaced apart from the hollow rotating shaft.

[0031] In the present invention, the rotating unit includes an annular arc surface, a first annular filter plate, a packing layer, a second annular filter plate, and an annular filter belt from inside to outside in the radial direction. The hollow rotating shaft, the first annular filter plate, the packing layer, the second annular filter plate, and the annular filter belt are coaxially arranged.

[0032] The annular arc surface has a first opening and a second opening opposite to each other. The size of the annular arc surface matches the size of the first annular filter plate and enables the first opening and the second opening to be fixedly engaged with the inner wall of the first annular filter plate, thereby forming an injection cavity.

[0033] The present invention does not limit the connection method of the annular arc surface and the first annular filter plate. The annular arc surface and the first annular filter plate can be integrally formed or assembled.

[0034] A through hole is provided on the side wall of the annular arc surface close to the conduit. The present invention does not limit the size of the through hole, as long as the nozzle can extend into the injection cavity through the through hole. At this time, the material atomized by the nozzle collides and reacts in the injection cavity, increasing the contact area of ​​the material.

[0035] The annular arc surface has a side wall. The side wall is an inwardly concave arc surface, that is, the side wall is concave toward the inner direction of the injection cavity, thereby making the diameter of the injection cavity gradually increase along the radial direction, and at the same time, under the action of centrifugal force, it is more conducive to the impact and reaction of the atomized material.

[0036] The first annular filter plate is spaced apart from the second annular filter plate, and the second annular filter plate is spaced apart from the annular filter belt. At this time, a first channel space is formed between the first annular filter plate and the second annular filter plate, and a packing layer is fixedly arranged in the first channel space. A second channel space is formed between the second annular filter plate and the annular filter belt. The annular filter belt is used to achieve solid-liquid separation of the reaction product and the reaction mother liquid.

[0037] Thus, under the action of centrifugal force, the atomized material flows through the injection chamber, the first annular filter plate, the packing layer, the second annular filter plate, and the annular filter belt in sequence. Among them, the first annular filter plate and the second annular filter plate can not only play the role of fixing the packing layer, but also under the joint action of centrifugal force and the first annular filter plate, the packing layer, and the second annular filter plate, the reaction materials further collide and are thrown out and broken into smaller and smaller droplets, so that their contact area is further increased, the reaction is more complete, and it is conducive to the formation of reaction products with small particle size and good dispersibility. Finally, under the action of centrifugal force and the annular filter belt, the solid phase reaction product remains in the second channel space, and the liquid phase (reaction mother liquor) flows to the outside of the annular filter belt, realizing the preliminary separation of the solid and liquid phases.

[0038] The present invention does not limit the material of the filler in the filler layer, and it can be a conventional corrosion-resistant material in the art.

[0039] In the present invention, a filler layer is provided partially or entirely in the first channel space, as long as the first opening and the second opening of the annular arc surface and the diffusion range of the material output through the first opening and the second opening are covered with the filler layer.

[0040] When the first channel space is completely filled with packing layers, the packing layers are arranged around the annular arc surface along the plane where the opening of the annular arc surface is located. When the first channel space is partially filled with packing layers, the packing layers include a first packing layer and a second packing layer, which are arranged opposite to the first opening and the second opening respectively.

[0041] The present invention does not limit the aperture size of the first annular filter plate, the second annular filter plate, the packing layer, and the annular filter belt, as long as the aperture on the annular filter belt is smaller than the aperture on the first annular filter plate and the second annular filter plate. Ensure that the material collides and reacts on the first annular filter plate, the second annular filter plate, and the packing layer, and the solid-liquid separation of the material is achieved through the annular filter belt. The apertures of the first annular filter plate and the second annular filter plate can be the same or different.

[0042] In the above technical solution, the first annular filter plate, the second annular filter plate, and the annular filter belt are increasingly farther away from the central axis of the hollow rotating shaft. Affected by centrifugal force, the farther away from the central axis, the greater the liquid flow rate and the greater the diffusion range. Therefore, when the heights of the first annular filter plate, the second annular filter plate, and the annular filter belt are different, the filter plate located on the outer layer is higher than the filter plate on the inner layer, that is, the second annular filter plate is higher than the first annular filter plate, and the annular filter belt is higher than the second annular filter plate. In this way, the liquid in the inner layer can be smoothly thrown to the outer layer, thereby improving the diffusion effect.

[0043] The present invention does not limit the size of the packing layer, as long as the packing layer covers the first opening and the second opening, that is, the size of the packing layer in the axial direction is greater than or equal to the size of the first opening and the second opening of the annular arc surface. Due to the influence of centrifugal force, the farther away from the central axis, the farther the liquid flow rate, and the larger the diffusion range, so the size of the packing layer gradually increases from the central axis from the inside to the outside. At this time, the packing layer close to the first opening or the second opening is adapted to the size of the first opening and the second opening of the annular arc surface.

[0044] The supergravity device provided by the present invention can effectively improve the atomization effect of the reaction raw materials by spraying the reaction raw materials through the nozzle. At this time, the hollow rotating shaft drives the rotating unit connected thereto to rotate along the axis of the hollow rotating shaft. Under the influence of the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotation, the atomized mixed raw materials pass through the first annular filter plate, the packing layer, and the second annular filter plate in sequence, and the materials are quickly and evenly mixed, which improves the fluidity of the materials. Under the action of centrifugal force and shear force, the materials are continuously broken into micron-scale to nano-scale films, silks and drops, which improves the mass transfer rate, thereby improving the dispersion and uniformity of the reaction products and reducing the size of the reaction products. Finally, the reaction products are separated from the reaction mother liquor under the action of centrifugal force and the annular filter belt, and preliminary solid-liquid separation is achieved. The supergravity device provided by the present invention is particularly suitable for preparing quaternary ammonium salt combustion rate regulators, and can obtain combustion rate regulators with smaller particle size and good dispersibility.

[0045] In one embodiment of the present invention, the inner wall of the annular arc surface has a plurality of convex points protruding toward the injection cavity. When the reaction raw materials are sprayed into the injection cavity through the nozzle, they collide and react in the injection cavity. When they collide with the convex points on the inner wall, it is more conducive to uniform mixing of the reaction raw materials and increases their contact area.

[0046] In order to realize the input of reaction raw materials and the output of reaction products and reaction mother liquid, a feed port, a discharge port and a liquid outlet are provided on the shell. The feed port is connected with the hollow rotating shaft, the discharge port is located at the bottom of the shell, and the liquid outlet is located at the lower end of the side wall of the shell. Under the action of centrifugal force and gravity, the solid phase and the liquid phase converge to the discharge port and the liquid outlet respectively.

[0047] The number of the liquid outlets is one or more. For example, when there are two liquid outlets, the two liquid outlets are symmetrical along the central axis and are respectively arranged at the lower end of the side wall of the shell.

[0048] The present invention further includes a first support rod and a second support rod. The first support rod is used to fix the first annular filter plate and the second annular filter plate, and the second support rod is used to fix the second annular filter plate and the annular filter belt. In order to achieve fixed connection, the number of the first support rod and the second support rod is at least two. The two ends of each first support rod are respectively connected to the first annular filter plate and the second annular filter plate, and the two ends of each second support rod are respectively connected to the second annular filter plate and the annular filter belt.

[0049] At this time, the first support rod can also be used together with the first annular filter plate and the second annular filter plate to form a filling cavity, and filler is filled in the filling cavity to form a filling layer. The first support rod can simultaneously fix the first annular filter plate, the second annular filter plate and the filling layer to prevent movement during rotation.

[0050] In addition, the first support rod and the second support rod may be replaced by support plates surrounding the formed annular gap.

[0051] The present invention also includes a third support rod and a fourth support rod. The third support rod is used to connect the second annular filter plate and the hollow rotating shaft, and the fourth support rod is used to connect the annular filter belt and the hollow rotating shaft. In order to realize that the hollow rotating shaft drives the entire rotating unit to rotate, the third support rod and the fourth support rod are respectively provided with a first through hole and a second through hole in the direction of the central axis, and the hollow rotating shaft is respectively connected to the first through hole and the second through hole.

[0052] In addition, the third support rod and the fourth support rod may be replaced by support plates surrounding the formed annular gap.

[0053] The present invention further includes a fifth support rod. The annular filter belt is connected to the discharge port through the fifth support rod to achieve the output of the reaction product after solid-liquid separation. Further, the fifth support rod is provided with a third through hole in the central axis direction for outputting the reaction product, and the third through hole is connected to the discharge port.

[0054] In addition, the fifth support rod may also be replaced by a support plate.

[0055] In order to prevent the second annular filter plate from moving during the rotation process, a first receiving rod is further provided, and the first receiving rod is located at the bottom of the second annular filter plate. At this time, the first receiving rod is used to receive and fix the second annular filter plate.

[0056] In one embodiment of the present invention, the apertures of the first annular filter plate and the second annular filter plate are 50-100 μm respectively. By controlling the aperture of the annular filter belt, separation of the solid phase and the liquid phase can be achieved, and the aperture of the annular filter belt is 10-20 μm.

[0057] In the present invention, the hollow rotating shaft is connected to a power unit driving it to rotate, so that the hollow rotating shaft rotates along its axis. At the same time, the hollow rotating shaft drives the rotating unit connected thereto to rotate along the axis of the hollow rotating shaft.

[0058] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a burning rate regulator, which is performed by the above-mentioned supergravity device. The reaction raw materials are input through a conduit, sprayed out after being atomized by a nozzle, and collide and react in the spray chamber. The hollow rotating shaft drives the entire rotating unit to rotate. Under the action of centrifugal force, the materials are continuously accelerated and pass through the first annular filter plate, the packing layer, and the second annular filter plate in sequence. In the process of passing through the first annular filter plate, the packing layer, and the second annular filter plate in sequence, the materials are cut, crushed, and dispersed by the holes on the first annular filter plate, the packing, and the second annular filter plate, thereby forming micron-scale to nanometer-scale membranes, filaments, and droplets, and at the same time promoting full contact between the materials, improving the mass transfer rate, thereby improving the dispersion and uniformity of the reaction products, and reducing the size of the reaction products. Under the action of centrifugal force and the annular filter belt, the reacted materials are separated into a solid phase (reaction product) and a liquid phase (reaction mother liquor). At this time, the reaction product and the reaction mother liquor are respectively gathered at the discharge port and the liquid discharge port. The product obtained at the discharge port is a crude product. After washing and drying the crude product, the burning rate regulator can be obtained.

[0059] In the above embodiment, the reaction raw materials include quaternary ammonium salt compounds and energetic group compounds. First, the quaternary ammonium salt compound (raw material A) and the energetic group compound (raw material B) are dissolved in a solvent to form a raw material A solution and a raw material B solution respectively; the raw material A solution and the raw material B solution are introduced into the inlet of the conduit according to a certain molar ratio.

[0060] The reaction conditions are as follows: the temperature is 20-60°C, and the molar ratio of raw material A to raw material B in the raw material A solution and the raw material B solution is 1:(1.05-1.2). The energetic group compound includes a compound containing at least one of pentazolium anion, nitrate ion, and dinitramide anion. The general structural formula of the quaternary ammonium salt compound is shown in Formula 1, in which R and R' are selected from at least one of nitrogen-substituted alkyl, alkenyl, and methoxy, and X is selected from at least one of Br and Cl. The solvent includes at least one of ethanol, acetone, water, chloroform, dichloromethane, and 1,2-dichloroethane.

[0061]

[0062] The invention provides a supergravity device and a method for preparing a burning rate regulator. The supergravity device can be used to prepare a burning rate regulator with a small particle size and good dispersibility, and has the advantages of high reaction efficiency and the like.

[0063] Hereinafter, the preparation method of the supergravity device and the burning rate regulator of the present invention will be described in detail through specific examples.

[0064] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2In the following embodiments, the supergravity device used at least includes: a housing 1, a rotating unit, a hollow rotating shaft 2, a catheter 3, a first support rod 501, a second support rod 601, a third support rod 701, a fourth support rod 801, and a fifth support rod 802;

[0065] The housing 1 is provided with a feed port, a discharge port, and a liquid outlet. The feed port is clamped with the hollow rotating shaft 2. The discharge port 101 is located at the bottom of the housing 1, and the liquid outlet 102 is located at the lower end of the side wall of the housing 1.

[0066] The rotating unit is arranged in the housing 1 and is spaced from the housing 1. The rotating unit includes a coaxially arranged annular arc surface 4, a first annular filter plate 5, a packing layer 6, a second annular filter plate 7, and an annular filter belt 8 from the inside to the outside along the radial direction; the first annular filter plate 5 is spaced from the second annular filter plate 7, and the annular filter belt 8 is spaced from the second annular filter plate 7; the heights of the first annular filter plate 5, the second annular filter plate 7, and the annular filter belt 8 gradually increase from the inside to the outside;

[0067] The annular arc surface 4 includes a first opening and a second opening, which are respectively fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first annular filter plate 5 and enclose an injection cavity 401; the side wall of the annular arc surface 4 is an inner concave arc surface, and a through hole 402 is provided on the side wall close to the conduit 3; the inner wall of the annular arc surface 4 has a plurality of convex points 403 protruding toward the injection cavity;

[0068] The two ends of the four first support rods 501 are respectively connected to the first annular filter plate 5 and the second annular filter plate 7, and a filling cavity is formed. The filling cavity is filled with fillers to form a filling layer 6 arranged in an annular manner in the filling cavity; the axial size of the filler close to the first opening or the second opening is equal to the size of the first opening and the second opening of the annular arc surface 4, and the size of the filling layer 6 gradually increases from the inside to the outside;

[0069] The two ends of the two second support rods 601 are respectively connected to the second annular filter plate 7 and the annular filter belt 8; the first receiving rod 702 is located at the bottom of the second annular filter plate 7 and is used to receive and fix the second annular filter plate 7;

[0070] The second annular filter plate 7 is connected to the hollow rotating shaft 2 through the third support rod 701, and the annular filter belt 8 is connected to the hollow rotating shaft 2 through the fourth support rod 801; the third support rod 701 and the fourth support rod 801 are respectively provided with a first through hole and a second through hole in the direction of the central axis;

[0071] The conduit 3 extends from the outside of the housing 1 to the inside of the rotating unit along the hollow cavity of the hollow rotating shaft 2 and is spaced apart from the hollow rotating shaft 2; the bottom end of the conduit 3 is connected to a nozzle 301, and the nozzle 301 extends into the injection cavity 401 through a through hole 402 of the annular arc surface; the conduit 3 includes a first inlet and a second inlet;

[0072] The annular filter belt 8 is connected to the discharge port 101 through the fifth support rod 802; the fifth support rod 802 is provided with a third through hole 803 in the central axis direction, and the third through hole 803 is connected to the discharge port 101 by a clamping arrangement;

[0073] A hollow rotating shaft 2 is rotatably disposed at the center of the housing 1 and is respectively clamped at the feed port, the first through hole and the second through hole. The hollow rotating shaft is connected to a power unit that drives it to rotate;

[0074] The pore size of the annular filter belt 8 is 10 μm; the pore sizes of the first annular filter plate 5 and the second annular filter plate 7 are respectively 100 μm.

[0075] Example 1

[0076] Dissolve hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (raw material A) in a solvent, and dissolve potassium dinitramide (raw material B) in a solvent to form 0.2 mol / L raw material A solution and 0.24 mol / L raw material B solution, respectively. At 25°C, add the raw material A solution and the raw material B solution in a molar ratio of 1:1 to form a 1L mixed solution, which is input into the supergravity device through the first inlet and the second inlet. The hollow rotating shaft 2 drives the entire rotating unit to rotate. Under the action of centrifugal force, the material is continuously accelerated and passes through the first annular filter plate 5, the packing layer 6, and the second annular filter plate 7 in turn to react. The reacted material is separated into a solid phase (reaction product) and a liquid phase (reaction mother liquor) under the action of centrifugal force and the annular filter belt 8. At this time, the reaction product and the reaction mother liquor are respectively gathered at the discharge port 101 and the liquid discharge port 102. The product obtained at the discharge port 101 is the crude product.

[0077] The crude product is washed and dried to obtain a burning rate regulator.

[0078] The particle size of the obtained burning rate regulator is 5.17 μm

[0079] Comparative Example 1

[0080] Dissolve hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide in a solvent and potassium dinitramide in a solvent to form a raw material A solution and a raw material B solution, respectively. At 60°C (the molar ratio of raw material A to raw material B is 1:1.2, and the added amount is 250 mL respectively), add the raw material A solution to a round-bottom reaction flask, slowly drop the raw material B solution, and continue to stir. After the dropwise addition is completed, continue to stir the reaction system for 1 hour. After the reaction is completed, filter the reaction product, and the obtained solid product is the crude product;

[0081] The burning rate regulator can be obtained by washing, drying and grinding the crude product.

[0082] The particle size of the obtained burning rate regulator was 15.7 μm.

[0083] Test example

[0084] 1. Burning rate regulator yield

[0085] The burning rate regulator yield is calculated according to the following formula

[0086] For the above reaction Va+Vb→VrR+VsS

[0087] Where Va represents the starting amount of raw material A (mol), Vb represents the starting amount of raw material B (mol), and Vr represents the amount of reaction product generated (mol). The reaction yield is calculated as follows:

[0088]

[0089] Wherein, Yr represents the product yield.

[0090] 2. Particle size of burning rate regulator

[0091] The laser particle size analyzer was used for determination;

[0092] The sample to be tested is dried in a vacuum oven at a temperature of (55±2)°C for not less than 1 hour, taken out and placed in a desiccator to cool to room temperature; the sample powder is ultrasonically dispersed in an aqueous medium for 5 minutes to obtain a suspension; a 2% mass concentration suspension is diluted with water in a sample tank to an appropriate concentration, and the particle size at a cumulative mass fraction of 50% is measured, i.e., the median particle size, D50, μm.

[0093] 3. Determination method or standard of the rate reduction effect of burning rate regulator

[0094] In the AP / Al / HTPB (ammonium perchlorate / aluminum / hydroxy-terminated polybutadiene) propellant (wherein the mass ratio is 0.69:0.16:0.08), 0.3% and 3% of the burning rate regulator were added respectively. The static burning rate of the propellant strips obtained under 5.1 MPa was tested to evaluate the speed reduction effect of the burning rate regulator. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0095] 4. Mechanical properties of burning rate regulator

[0096] The burning rate regulators of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 were added to the AP / Al / HTPB (mass ratio of 0.69:0.16:0.08) propellant, and the obtained propellant strips were tested for mechanical properties at room temperature using a tensile machine, wherein the mechanical properties were measured in accordance with GJB 770B-2005 gunpowder test method standard. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0097] Table 1

[0098]

[0099] In Table 1, u o and u are the control burning rate (the burning rate of the propellant without adding a burning rate regulator) and the burning rate of the propellant after adding a rate reducer; Φ is the percentage of burning rate reduction.

[0100] Table 2

[0101]

[0102] The above experimental results show that the combustion rate regulator prepared by the device and formula of the present invention has a smaller particle size and exhibits a more excellent rate reduction effect. At the same time, in the AP / Al / HTPB formula, it exhibits good compatibility and good mechanical properties.

[0103] The preferred specific embodiments and experimental verification of the present invention are described in detail above. It should be understood that ordinary technicians in this field can make many modifications and changes based on the concept of the present invention without creative work. Therefore, all technical solutions that can be obtained by technicians in this technical field based on the concept of the present invention through logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments on the basis of the prior art should be within the scope of protection determined by the claims.

Claims

1. A supergravity device, characterized in that: It includes a housing, a rotating unit, a hollow rotating shaft, and a conduit; A rotating unit is arranged in the housing and spaced apart from the housing, wherein the rotating unit includes an annular arc surface, a first annular filter plate, a packing layer, a second annular filter plate, and an annular filter belt from inside to outside in the radial direction; The opening of the annular arc surface is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first annular filter plate and encloses a spray cavity; The first annular filter plate is spaced apart from the second annular filter plate, and a packing layer is provided between the first annular filter plate and the second annular filter plate; the side wall of the annular arc surface is an inner concave arc surface, and a through hole is provided on the side wall close to the conduit; the annular filter belt is spaced apart from the second annular filter plate; a hollow rotating shaft, rotatably disposed at the center of the housing and connected to the rotating unit; A conduit extends from the outside of the shell to the inside of the rotating unit along the hollow cavity of the hollow rotating shaft and is spaced apart from the hollow rotating shaft; a nozzle is connected to the bottom end of the conduit, and the nozzle extends into the injection cavity through the through hole.

2. The supergravity device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the annular arc surface is provided with a plurality of convex points protruding toward the injection cavity.

3. The supergravity device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell is provided with a feed port, a discharge port and a liquid outlet. The feed port is connected to the hollow rotating shaft, the discharge port is located at the bottom of the shell, and the liquid outlet is located at the lower end of the side wall of the shell.

4. The supergravity device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes at least two first support rods and at least two second support rods; Two ends of each of the first support rods are respectively connected to the first annular filter plate and the second annular filter plate; two ends of each of the second support rods are respectively connected to the second annular filter plate and the annular filter belt.

5. The supergravity device according to claim 3, characterized in that: Also includes a third support rod, a fourth support rod, and a fifth support rod; The second annular filter plate is connected to the hollow rotating shaft through the third support rod, and the annular filter belt is connected to the hollow rotating shaft through the fourth support rod; the annular filter belt is connected to the discharge port through the fifth support rod.

6. The supergravity device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: It also includes a first receiving rod, which is located at the bottom of the endless filter belt.

7. The supergravity device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The pore size of the annular filter belt is less than 20 μm; and / or, The pore sizes of the first annular filter plate and the second annular filter plate are 50-100 μm respectively.

8. The supergravity device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The hollow rotating shaft is connected to a power unit which drives the hollow rotating shaft to rotate.

9. A method for preparing a burning rate regulator, characterized in that: The method is implemented by using the supergravity device described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. The preparation method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The reaction raw materials include quaternary ammonium salt compounds and energetic group-containing compounds.

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