A steel belt arrangement device based on permanent large roadway machine head chamber active support technology

Abstract

This invention discloses a steel strip arrangement device based on active support technology for permanent main shaft head chambers, comprising: a drive arm; a rotating frame rotatably disposed at one end of the drive arm; a telescopic adjustment rod connected between the drive arm and the rotating frame for adjusting the rotating frame; and a steel strip shaping component installed on the rotating frame. The deep shaft chamber undergoes shotcreting after primary support with anchor cables and bolts, and T-shaped steel strips are used in conjunction with anchor cables for secondary combined support. The steel strip shaping component can bend and shape the T-shaped steel strips so that they can be erected on the roof and sides of the deep shaft chamber.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tunnel support technology, specifically a steel strip arrangement device based on active support technology for permanent main tunnel head chambers. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, many mines in China use conventional masonry arch support for permanent main roadways and machine head chambers. Masonry arch support is a passive and rigid form of support. With the increasing service life of the roadways, many masonry arch roadways have developed varying degrees of damage, such as crushing and cracking, surface cracking and falling off, and water leakage, seriously threatening the normal service life of the roadways and posing a serious threat to the lives of underground personnel. Coal mine underground roadway engineering is considered a hidden project, and the causes of damage are not known in advance; it is generally believed to be caused by a combination of factors. During the construction of masonry arches, over-excavation, insufficient backfilling between the arch and the surrounding rock, or other reasons often easily lead to voids behind the wall. Among many potential hazards, voids behind the wall are one of the main causes of instability and failure of masonry arch roadways. When voids appear behind the masonry arch tunnel wall, the masonry structure loses contact with the surrounding rock, creating an open space. This deteriorates the stress on the masonry arch, leading to imbalances, localized overloads, uneven load distribution, and stress concentration. Consequently, the surrounding rock behind the masonry arch becomes loose, reducing its bearing capacity, and in severe cases, causing cracking and other serious damage. Current single-support systems are insufficient to meet support requirements, and the overall placement of steel strips within the support is difficult and cannot adapt to the tunnel wall.

[0003] Therefore, those skilled in the art have provided a steel strip arrangement device based on active support technology for permanent main roadway head chambers to solve the problems mentioned in the background art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a steel strip arrangement device based on active support technology for permanent main roadway head chambers, comprising:

[0005] Drive boom;

[0006] A rotating frame is rotatably mounted at one end of the drive frame arm;

[0007] A telescopic adjustment rod is connected between the drive frame arm and the rotating frame, and is used to adjust the rotating frame.

[0008] A steel strip shaping component is installed on the rotating frame. After the deep well chamber is supported by anchor cables and anchor rods for the first time, shotcrete is applied. The T-shaped steel strip works with the anchor cables for the second time to provide combined support. The steel strip shaping component can bend and shape the T-shaped steel strip so that it can be erected on the top and sides of the deep well chamber.

[0009] Furthermore, preferably, the steel strip shaping assembly includes:

[0010] The upper frame is mounted on the rotating frame and can be relatively tilted.

[0011] A side adjustment frame is symmetrically connected to the upper frame, and one end of the side adjustment frame is connected to the rotating frame;

[0012] The forming wheel assembly comprises multiple sets arranged in an array, each set mounted on the upper frame; and

[0013] The drive wheel assembly is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the shaping wheel assembly on the upper frame.

[0014] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, a ranging plate is fixed parallel to the lower part of the upper frame, and multiple laser ranging sensors are evenly distributed on the ranging plate.

[0015] Furthermore, preferably, the shaping wheel assembly includes:

[0016] The positioning frame plate is fixed on the upper frame;

[0017] The roller frame is installed above the positioning frame plate, and limit rods are vertically and symmetrically fixed on both sides of the roller frame. The limit rods are slidably mounted on the positioning frame plate.

[0018] The side frames are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the mounting roller frame;

[0019] A telescopic guide frame is fixed to each of the side frames, and an inner guide member is slidably disposed on each side frame. One end of the telescopic guide frame is fixed to the inner guide member.

[0020] The movable roller frame is fixed between the inner guide members, and both the movable roller frame and the mounting roller frame are rotatably equipped with shaping wheels.

[0021] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, a pneumatic cylinder is fixed on the positioning frame plate below the mounting roller frame, a piston rod is slidably disposed inside the pneumatic cylinder, one end of the piston rod is fixed to the mounting roller frame, and an airflow pipe is also connected to one side of the pneumatic cylinder.

[0022] Furthermore, preferably, the drive wheel assembly includes:

[0023] Two rotating wheels, arranged symmetrically at the top and bottom;

[0024] The side positioning seat is vertically adjustable and is mounted on the upper frame; all the rotating wheels are also slidably adjustable and are mounted on the side positioning seat.

[0025] A connecting base plate is fixed to the upper frame, and the side positioning seat abuts against the connecting base plate via an elastic seat; and

[0026] A stress plate is embedded between the elastic seat and the connecting base plate.

[0027] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the drive wheel assembly can drive the T-shaped steel strip to slide laterally back and forth during the bending and shaping of the T-shaped steel strip, and complete the initial trajectory arc forming of the T-shaped steel strip. Then, the shaping wheel assembly performs fine-tuning shaping again and completes the final forming of the T-shaped steel strip.

[0028] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the plurality of the T-shaped steel strips are distributed in a "well" shape on the top plate and sidewalls of the deep well chamber.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0030] 1. In this invention, through the coordinated support of anchor bolts, anchor cables, surface protection components and shotcrete in two construction phases, the appropriate pressure relief of the surrounding rock in the primary support is met, and the support strength of the secondary support roadway is guaranteed. This realizes the replacement of passive support with active support, which can ensure the support quality and long-term use requirements.

[0031] 2. The steel strip shaping component also provided in this invention can bend and shape the T-shaped steel strip during secondary support, thereby facilitating the positioning and installation of the T-shaped steel strip and improving the tightness of the support. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the steel strip shaping component in this invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the distance measuring plate in this invention;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the shaping wheel assembly in this invention;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the drive wheel assembly in this invention;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the secondary support of the tunnel in this invention;

[0038] Figure 7This is a plan view of the secondary support system for the tunnel in this invention;

[0039] Figure 8 This is a diagram of the support structure at section 1-1 in this invention;

[0040] Figure 9 This is a diagram of the support structure at section 2-2 in this invention;

[0041] Figure 10 This is a diagram of the support structure at section 3-3 in this invention;

[0042] Figure 11 This is a diagram of the support structure at section 4-4 in this invention;

[0043] Figure 12 This is a diagram of the support structure at section 5-5 in this invention;

[0044] In the diagram: 1. Drive frame arm; 11. Rotating frame; 12. Telescopic adjustment rod; 2. Steel strip shaping assembly; 21. Upper frame; 22. Side adjustment frame; 23. Rangefinder plate; 24. Laser rangefinder sensor; 3. Shaping wheel assembly; 31. Positioning frame plate; 32. Mounting roller frame; 33. Side frame; 34. Telescopic guide frame; 35. Movable roller frame; 36. Limiting rod; 37. Piston rod; 38. Airflow pipe; 39. Pneumatic cylinder; 4. Drive wheel assembly; 41. Rotating wheel; 42. Side positioning seat; 43. Connecting base plate; 44. Stress plate. Detailed Implementation

[0045] Please see Figure 1-5 In this embodiment of the invention, a steel strip arrangement device based on active support technology for permanent main roadway head chambers includes:

[0046] Drive boom 1;

[0047] The rotating frame 11 is rotatably mounted at one end of the drive frame arm 1;

[0048] The telescopic adjustment rod 12 is connected between the drive frame arm 1 and the rotating frame 11, and is used to adjust the rotating frame 11.

[0049] The steel strip shaping component 2 is installed on the rotating frame 11. After the deep well chamber is initially supported by anchor cables and bolts, shotcrete is applied. T-shaped steel strips, in conjunction with anchor cables, provide secondary combined support. The steel strip shaping component 2 can bend and shape the T-shaped steel strips so that they can be installed on the top and sides of the deep well chamber. In the primary "anchor-mesh-shotcrete" support:

[0050] Anchor bolt support parameters: The anchor bolt body material is HRB500 steel bar, with a diameter of 22mm, a length of 2400mm, an exposed diameter of 50mm, a row spacing of 800×800mm, and a rectangular arrangement. The anchor bolt support plate is a 150×150×10mm dish-shaped steel plate. The anchoring agent uses one MSK23 / 35 type resin cartridge and one MSZ23 / 60 type resin cartridge. The anchoring force is not less than 80kN.

[0051] Anchor cable support parameters: The anchor cables are made of 21.8mm diameter steel strands, 8300mm in length. Each anchor cable uses one MSK23 / 35 resin cartridge and two MSZ23 / 60 resin cartridges. The spacing between anchor cables is 2.4×2.4m. The preload of the anchor cables is not less than 250kN. The anchor cable trays are made of Q235 steel, with specifications of 300×300×20mm. A total of 5 anchor cables are arranged along the centerline of the top slab and at the shoulder sockets on both sides to improve the overall bearing capacity of the composite arch structure of the top slab and the safety factor of the surrounding rock.

[0052] Reinforcing mesh parameters: The reinforcing mesh uses HPB300 steel bars with a diameter of 6mm, the mesh size is 100×100mm, and the mesh overlap is 100mm.

[0053] See Figure 6 , 7 Shotcrete: After the initial support is completed, shotcrete work begins. Before wet shotcreting, a comprehensive inspection of the completed support work in the chamber is conducted, mainly monitoring that the preload of the anchor bolts and cables meets the requirements. After acceptance, the shotcrete work begins. The shotcrete strength is not less than C25, and the impermeability grade is P8. Shotcreting is carried out in sections, patches, and layers using a YBK3-132M-6-5.5KW wet shotcrete machine, proceeding from bottom to top. The nozzle is perpendicular to the sprayed surface and maintained at a distance of 0.6-1.0m. Each layer is sprayed in layers, with the next layer applied after the previous layer has fully set. Curing begins 2 hours after final setting and lasts for at least 14 days. During shotcreting, attention is paid to controlling the uniformity of coarse aggregate and cement slurry to improve concrete strength. The thickness of each sprayed layer is 120mm; secondary support can then be carried out.

[0054] In this embodiment, the steel strip shaping component 2 includes:

[0055] The upper frame 21 is mounted on the rotating frame 11 and can be relatively tilted.

[0056] Side adjustment frame 22 is symmetrically connected to the upper frame 21 on the left and right sides, and one end of the side adjustment frame 22 is connected to the rotating frame 11;

[0057] The shaping wheel sets 3 are multiple sets arranged in an array, each of which is mounted on the upper frame 21; and

[0058] The drive wheel set 4 is symmetrically arranged on the upper frame 21 on both sides of the shaping wheel set 3. In other words, the upper frame can be erected at multiple angles through the telescopic adjustment of the side adjustment frame and the telescopic adjustment rod, so as to perform T-shaped steel strip shaping erection on the top plate and sidewalls of the deep well chamber.

[0059] In a preferred embodiment, a ranging plate 23 is fixed parallel to the lower part of the upper frame 21. Multiple laser ranging sensors 24 are evenly distributed on the ranging plate 23. In particular, the upper frame is positioned first during use, which can perform ranging scanning on the top plate and side of the deep well chamber to calculate the outer contour of the top plate and side of the deep well chamber, thereby facilitating the subsequent bending and shaping of the T-shaped steel strip.

[0060] In this embodiment, the shaping wheel set 3 includes:

[0061] The positioning frame plate 31 is fixed on the upper frame 21;

[0062] The roller frame 32 is mounted above the positioning frame plate 31. Limiting rods 36 are vertically and symmetrically fixed on both sides of the roller frame 32. The limiting rods 36 are slidably mounted on the positioning frame plate 31.

[0063] Side frame 33 is symmetrically fixed on both sides of the mounting roller frame 32;

[0064] Telescopic guide frame 34 is fixed on each of the side frame bodies 33. An inner guide member is slidably arranged on the side frame body 34. One end of the telescopic guide frame 34 is fixed to the inner guide member.

[0065] The movable roller frame 35 is fixed between the inner guide members. Both the movable roller frame 35 and the mounting roller frame 32 are rotatably equipped with shaping wheels. That is, when the T-shaped steel strip is transmitted to the mounting roller frame, the movable roller frame slides vertically, so that the two shaping wheels above and below can clamp the T-shaped steel strip and then shape it.

[0066] In this embodiment, a pneumatic cylinder 39 is fixed on the positioning frame 31 below the mounting roller frame 32. A shaft plug rod 37 is slidably disposed inside the pneumatic cylinder 39. One end of the shaft plug rod 37 is fixed to the mounting roller frame 32. An airflow pipe 38 is also connected to one side of the pneumatic cylinder 39. The bending deformation of the T-shaped steel strip is mainly achieved by the vertical displacement of the shaft plug rod.

[0067] In this embodiment, the drive wheel set 4 includes:

[0068] Rotating wheels 41 are two symmetrically arranged vertically.

[0069] The side positioning seat 42 is vertically slidably adjustable and is mounted on the upper frame 21. The rotating wheels 41 are all slidably adjustable and are mounted on the side positioning seat 42 to facilitate clamping of the T-shaped steel strip.

[0070] The connecting base plate 43 is fixed to the upper frame 21, and the side positioning seat 42 abuts against the connecting base plate 43 through an elastic seat; and

[0071] Stress plate 44 is embedded between the elastic seat and the connecting base plate 43. In particular, a safe contact pressure value for the stress plate is preferentially determined. When the contact pressure of the stress plate during the bending of the T-shaped steel strip is higher or lower than the safe contact pressure value, the side positioning seat is slidably adjusted to adapt to the deformation of the end of the T-shaped steel strip.

[0072] In a preferred embodiment, the drive wheel set 4 can drive the T-shaped steel strip to slide laterally back and forth during the bending and shaping of the T-shaped steel strip, and complete the initial trajectory arc forming of the T-shaped steel strip. Then, the shaping wheel set 3 performs fine-tuning shaping again and completes the final forming of the T-shaped steel strip. That is, after the T-shaped steel strip is clamped in the shaping wheel set, the drive wheel set drives the T-shaped steel strip to slide back and forth. At this time, each shaping wheel set slides and adjusts synchronously, thereby achieving the initial forming of the T-shaped steel strip. Then, the drive wheel set stops rotating, and only the shaping wheel set performs displacement adjustment to achieve precise shaping at the special bending point of the T-shaped steel strip. A Φ6 steel mesh is pressed under the anchor cable steel strip, with a 100mm overlap between the meshes. Every 200mm, a double-wire double-interlocking connection is made with 16# iron wire, and the mesh is twisted at least 3 times. The mesh is fixed with Φ22×2400mm threaded steel anchor rods, with a spacing of 1600×800mm between rows. The anchor rods must be staggered from the anchor cable steel strip and must not overlap.

[0073] In this embodiment, multiple T-shaped steel strips are distributed in a "well" shape on the top plate and sidewalls of the deep well chamber.

[0074] Among them, secondary "anchor-mesh-sprayed" support:

[0075] To improve the load-bearing capacity and structural stability of the "anchor-mesh-sprayed" support, a secondary support is implemented after the primary support is completed.

[0076] Secondary anchor cable steel strip support parameters: The secondary support uses 5200×140×10mm T-shaped steel strips in conjunction with Φ21.8×8300mm anchor cables for combined support. The T-shaped steel strips are arranged in a "well" pattern with a spacing of 2400mm×2400mm between rows, and the ends of the steel strips overlap each other. The T-shaped steel fixing anchor cables use 21.8mm diameter steel strands with a length of 8300mm. The anchor cable trays are 150×140×10mm Ω trays with matching locks to secure the anchor cables. The pull-out force of the anchor cables is not less than 250KN.

[0077] Parameters of secondary support steel mesh: The secondary support metal mesh is made of Φ6 round steel with a mesh size of 100×100mm. The spacing between the anchor bolts for fixing the metal mesh is determined according to the actual construction conditions on site. The mesh is required to be pressed under the T-shaped steel strip.

[0078] Shotcrete: After the tunnel anchor cable support is completed, the entire cross section is shotcreted a second time. The thickness of the shotcrete is 150mm. The concrete strength and construction process are the same as the first support.

[0079] Support schemes for different cross sections of the tunnel group

[0080] Based on the designed support scheme, secondary "anchor-mesh-shotcrete" combined support construction was carried out on the head chamber of the main roadway of the 3-1 coal seam east wing belt conveyor, totaling 103.65m. Because the head chamber section contains multiple chambers, including a drive chamber, tensioning chamber, and iron remover chamber, each with different cross-sectional dimensions, stresses, and deformation degrees, the secondary support parameters differ from the primary support and need to be discussed separately.

[0081] (1) Section 1-1: See section 1-1 Figure 8 The cross-sectional dimensions are 6.8×7.2m. After the primary support is completed, the secondary support steel strips are first arranged from the center line of the roadway outwards at 400mm on each side, and then arranged at 1600mm intervals on both sides (a total of 10 rows of steel strips are arranged longitudinally in the roadway), with a transverse row spacing of 1600mm, forming a "well" shape distribution. Anchor cables are arranged with one in the center of the roadway, and then arranged at 2400mm intervals, with a total of 7 anchor cables in each row; the row spacing is 2400mm.

[0082] (2) Section 2-2: See section 2-2. Figure 9 The cross-sectional dimensions are 6.0×7.2m. After the primary support is completed, the secondary support steel strips are first arranged from the center line of the roadway to both sides at 400mm intervals, and then arranged at 1600mm intervals to both sides (a total of 10 rows of steel strips are arranged longitudinally in the roadway), with a transverse row spacing of 1600mm, forming a "well" shape distribution. Anchor cables are arranged with one in the center of the roadway, and then arranged at 2400mm intervals, with a total of 7 anchor cables in each row; the row spacing is 2400mm.

[0083] (3) Section 3-3: See section 3-3. Figure 10 The cross-sectional dimensions are 6.0×5.4m. After the primary support is completed, the secondary support steel strips are first arranged from the center line of the roadway outwards at 1200mm on each side, and then arranged at 2400mm intervals on both sides (a total of 6 rows of steel strips are arranged longitudinally in the roadway), with a transverse row spacing of 2400mm, forming a "well" shape distribution. Anchor cables are arranged with 1 cable in the center of the roadway, and then arranged at 2400mm intervals, with a total of 5 anchor cables in each row; the row spacing is 2400mm.

[0084] (4) Section 4-4: See reference Figure 11 The cross-sectional dimensions are 6.1×7.2m. After the primary support is completed, the secondary support steel strips are first arranged from the center line of the roadway outwards at 400mm on each side, and then arranged at 1600mm intervals on both sides (a total of 10 rows of steel strips are arranged longitudinally in the roadway), with a transverse row spacing of 1600mm, forming a "well" shape distribution. Anchor cables are arranged with one in the center of the roadway, and then arranged at 2400mm intervals, with a total of 7 anchor cables in each row; the row spacing is 2400mm.

[0085] (5) Section 5-5: See reference Figure 12 The cross-sectional dimensions are 6.3×4.15m. The steel strips are arranged by first placing two steel strips 1200mm from the center line of the roadway to both sides, and then placing them at 2400mm intervals to both sides (a total of 4 rows of steel strips are arranged longitudinally in the roadway), with a transverse row spacing of 2400mm, forming a "well" shape distribution. The anchor cables are arranged with one cable in the center of the roadway, and then arranged at 2400mm intervals, with a total of 5 anchor cables in each row; the row spacing is 2400mm.

[0086] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A steel strip arrangement device based on active support technology for permanent main roadway head chambers, characterized in that: It includes: Drive boom (1); A rotating frame (11) is rotatably mounted at one end of the drive frame arm (1); Telescopic adjustment rod (12) is connected between the drive frame arm (1) and the rotating frame (11) for adjusting the rotating frame (11); The steel strip shaping component (2) is installed on the rotating frame (11). After the deep well chamber is supported by anchor cables and anchor rods, shotcrete is applied. The T-shaped steel strip is used in conjunction with the anchor cables for secondary joint support. The steel strip shaping component (2) can bend and shape the T-shaped steel strip so that the T-shaped steel strip can be erected on the top plate and side of the deep well chamber. The steel strip shaping assembly (2) includes: The upper frame (21) is rotatably mounted on the rotating frame (11); A side adjustment frame (22) is symmetrically connected to the upper frame (21) on the left and right sides, and one end of the side adjustment frame (22) is connected to the rotating frame (11); The shaping wheel assembly (3) consists of multiple sets arranged in an array, each of which is mounted on the upper frame (21); and The drive wheel assembly (4) is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the shaping wheel assembly (3) on the upper frame (21); A rangefinder plate (23) is fixed parallel to the lower part of the upper frame (21), and multiple laser rangefinder sensors (24) are evenly distributed on the rangefinder plate (23). The shaping wheel assembly (3) includes: The positioning frame plate (31) is fixed on the upper frame (21); The roller frame (32) is installed above the positioning frame plate (31). Limiting rods (36) are vertically and symmetrically fixed on both sides of the roller frame (32). The limiting rods (36) are slidably mounted on the positioning frame plate (31). The side frame (33) is symmetrically fixed on both sides of the mounting roller frame (32); Telescopic guide (34) is fixed on each of the side frames (33), and an inner guide is slidably provided on the side frame (33). One end of the telescopic guide (34) is fixed to the inner guide. The movable roller frame (35) is fixed between the inner guide members, and both the movable roller frame (35) and the mounting roller frame (32) are rotatably equipped with shaping wheels; A pneumatic cylinder (39) is fixed on the positioning frame plate (31) below the mounting roller frame (32). A shaft plug rod (37) is slidably arranged inside the pneumatic cylinder (39). One end of the shaft plug rod (37) is fixed to the mounting roller frame (32). An airflow pipe (38) is also connected to one side of the pneumatic cylinder (39).

2. A steel strip arrangement device based on active support technology for permanent main roadway head chambers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive wheel assembly (4) includes: The rotating wheels (41) are two symmetrically arranged vertically. The side positioning seat (42) is vertically slidingly adjustable on the upper frame (21), and the rotating wheels (41) are all slidingly adjustable on the side positioning seat (42); The connecting base plate (43) is fixed on the upper frame (21), and the side positioning seat (42) abuts against the connecting base plate (43) through an elastic seat; and Stress plate (44) is embedded between the elastic seat and the connecting base plate (43).

3. A steel strip arrangement device based on active support technology for permanent main roadway head chambers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive wheel assembly (4) can drive the T-shaped steel strip to slide laterally back and forth during the bending and shaping of the T-shaped steel strip, and complete the initial trajectory arc forming of the T-shaped steel strip. Then the shaping wheel assembly (3) performs fine-tuning and shaping again, and completes the final forming of the T-shaped steel strip.

4. A steel strip arrangement device based on active support technology for permanent main roadway head chambers according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple T-shaped steel strips are distributed in a "well" shape on the top plate and sides of the deep well chamber.

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