A wheat powdery mildew prevention and control inhibitor and its preparation method

Abstract

The present invention discloses an inhibitor for preventing and controlling wheat powdery mildew, which relates to the field of agricultural biotechnology. The present invention is mainly made of the following raw materials in percentages: a controlled-release regulator 1-5% (m / v), paraffin oil 5%-10% (v / v), nano-titanium dioxide 2‰-1% (m / v), kaolin 1‰-1% (m / v), and the balance is water. The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The inhibitor for preventing and controlling wheat powdery mildew in the present invention can form a nano protective film on the surface of wheat, and by poisoning powdery mildew spores and hyphae and inhibiting spore germination, it can protect the wheat already infected by powdery mildew, reduce the harm of powdery mildew to wheat under the condition of wheat being infected, and has no impact on the vegetative growth and reproductive growth of wheat. At the same time, it can improve the resistance, dry weight, total protein content, and yield of crops.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of agricultural biotechnology, and particularly relates to an inhibitor for preventing and controlling wheat powdery mildew and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a gramineous plant and one of the three major cereals. Almost all wheat is used for food. It can be used to make foods such as bread, steamed buns, biscuits, and noodles. After fermentation, it can be made into beer, alcohol, liquor (such as vodka), or biomass fuel. Wheat powdery mildew is a disease that occurs on wheat caused by the infection of the specialized parasitic fungus Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici. Conidia are spread by air currents to susceptible wheat, mainly damaging the leaves. In severe cases, the leaf sheaths, stems, and ears will also be infected. It occurs in wheat-producing areas around the world and is also one of the common fungal diseases in the main wheat-producing areas of China, especially in the Huanghuai wheat region and the northern winter wheat region, which has a significant impact on the yield and quality of wheat. When powdery mildew infects wheat, the mycelium of the powdery mildew covers the surface of the wheat leaves, resulting in the degradation of wheat chlorophyll, a reduction in the photosynthetic area, and a decline in photosynthetic efficiency. The yield loss is 14%-30% during the disease occurrence.

[0003] A large number of studies have shown that powdery mildew is a wheat disease that is more severe in temperate and maritime climate regions. At present, the prevention and control of powdery mildew mainly rely on planting disease-resistant varieties and spraying chemical agents. Planting disease-resistant varieties is considered by wheat producers to be the most economical and effective method for preventing and controlling wheat powdery mildew and is also one of the most effective means for controlling powdery mildew. However, there are only 3 officially numbered powdery mildew resistance genes, namely Pm38, Pm39, and Pm46, which confer adult plant resistance to plants. There is still a large gap in controlling powdery mildew through the genetic characteristics of wheat and simultaneously cultivating wheat varieties that meet the production requirements such as increasing wheat yield and quality. In addition, the evolution of pathogens has changed their physiological effects on plants, making these varieties prone to losing resistance. Most commercial varieties often lose resistance after 3-5 years of cultivation. Therefore, spraying fungicides is the most direct and effective measure for current prevention and control of powdery mildew. Traditional fungicides for treating wheat powdery mildew belong to two chemical families, namely ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitors (EBIs) and 2-aminopyridine. First of all, the frequent use of fungicides over the years has exerted a strong selective pressure on powdery mildew, promoting an increase in the proportion of resistant powdery mildew physiological races and an increasingly strong resistance of the powdery mildew population, especially to triazole fungicides. Secondly, although the application of chemical fungicides has a certain degree of effectiveness in controlling wheat powdery mildew, with the increase in the dosage of fungicides, the quality of wheat deteriorates, the protein content decreases, the quantity decreases, and the annual use of pesticides has seriously exceeded the tolerance of cultivated land, inducing phytotoxicity and also easily causing great pollution to groundwater, affecting environmental safety.

[0004] The patent with the publication number CN107371913A discloses that spraying a nano-prevention and control net inhibitor on wheat leaves can self-assemble to form a net-like nano-protective layer, effectively isolating the invasion of pathogenic bacteria. The patent application with the publication number CN113875773A discloses a nano-agent for preventing and controlling wheat powdery mildew. After spraying the nano-agent on wheat leaves, the incidence of powdery mildew can be reduced by more than 99%. However, the inhibitors in the prior art are difficult to protect wheat that has been infected by powdery mildew bacteria. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is a nano-agent for inhibiting and preventing wheat before and after being infected with powdery mildew and its preparation method.

[0006] The present invention solves the above technical problems through the following technical means:

[0007] A nano-agent for preventing and controlling wheat powdery mildew is mainly made of the following raw materials in percentages: 1-5% (m / v) of a controlled-release regulator, 5%-10% (v / v) of paraffin oil, 2‰-1% (m / v) of nano-titanium dioxide, 1‰-1% (m / v) of kaolin, and the balance is water;

[0008] The preparation method of the controlled-release regulator includes the following steps:

[0009] (1) Using oxygen and ammonia as gas sources, intermittently irradiating 100-1500 mesh adsorption-grade attapulgite powder under vacuum conditions with a plasma at a temperature of 500-1000°C and a power of 1-3 KW for 5-20 minutes, stopping for 5-20 minutes, and the total effective irradiation time reaching 80-120 minutes;

[0010] (2) Under anaerobic conditions protected by nitrogen, using a muffle furnace to carry out high-temperature cracking of rice straw at 500-800°C for 50-100 minutes to obtain micro-nano bio-silicon / carbon;

[0011] (3) Mixing the amino-functionalized attapulgite and micro-nano bio-silicon / carbon evenly according to a mass ratio of 35:12 to obtain the controlled-release regulator.

[0012] Advantageous effects: The present invention can form a nano-protective film on the surface of wheat. The product after mixing the three raw materials can poison powdery mildew spores and hyphae, inhibit spore germination, thereby protecting wheat that has been infected with powdery mildew, reducing the harm of powdery mildew to wheat under the condition of wheat infection, having no influence on the vegetative growth and reproductive growth of wheat, and at the same time can improve the resistance, dry weight, total protein content, and yield of crops.

[0013] The nano - preparation disclosed in the patent application with the publication number CN113875773A is protected by forming a nano - film isolation through pre - spraying, and it cannot produce a toxic effect on powdery mildew fungi to prevent spore growth.

[0014] In the present invention, the prevention and control inhibitor enhances the abilities of wheat in antioxidant, lipid metabolism, biosynthesis of phenylpropanoids, and biosynthesis of sesquiterpenes and triterpenes, etc., all of which contribute to enhancing the ability of wheat to resist powdery mildew infection.

[0015] When the percentages of the raw materials in the present invention are lower than the above - mentioned range, there is no significant prevention and control effect. When the percentage of paraffin oil exceeds the above - mentioned range, the prevention and control effect will not increase, but the prevention and control cost will increase. Moreover, using paraffin oil at too high a concentration will cause the leaves to turn yellow and form water - soaked spots, affecting the normal growth of wheat.

[0016] Paraffin oil has adhesiveness and hydrophobic effect. After compounding it with nano - titanium dioxide and kaolin, the hydrophobic property and adhesiveness of the nano - inhibition prevention and control network are enhanced through hydrogen - bond connection. Therefore, under bad weather conditions, the loss caused by rainwater scouring of the material can be reduced, and it can still play a role in preventing powdery mildew on rainy days.

[0017] Paraffin oil is a mineral oil, which has a high flash point, low volatility and is stable to light, heat and acid. This provides better weather resistance for its application in the fields, and reduces industrial pollution, achieving the effect of green environmental protection.

[0018] Paraffin oil has film - forming property and uniformity. Kaolin has a flaky structure. Spraying it on the surface of wheat leaves can better form a film and cover the surface of wheat leaves. Adding nano - scale kaolin can effectively improve the uniformity and persistence of the nano - inhibition prevention and control network on the surface of wheat leaves, and improve the effect of the prevention and control inhibitor.

[0019] Preferably, in the step (1), the volume ratio of oxygen to ammonia is 1:1 - 1:5.

[0020] Preferably, the wheat powdery mildew prevention and control inhibitor is sprayed on the surface of wheat leaves infected or not infected with powdery mildew.

[0021] Preferably, the kaolin is nano - scale.

[0022] Beneficial effects: It can effectively enhance the bactericidal and antibacterial effects of the prevention and control inhibitor.

[0023] The preparation method of the above - mentioned wheat powdery mildew prevention and control inhibitor includes the following steps: Mixing a controlled - release regulator, water, paraffin oil, nano - titanium dioxide and kaolin to obtain the wheat powdery mildew prevention and control inhibitor.

[0024] Beneficial effects: The operation of the present invention is simple, can be scaled up, has low costs, and is more environmentally friendly.

[0025] Preferably, first stir and mix the loss-control regulator with water to obtain a nano-suspension, and then mix and stir the nano-suspension with paraffin oil, nano-titanium dioxide, and kaolin to obtain a wheat powdery mildew prevention and control inhibitor.

[0026] Preferably, the rotation speed of the stirring and mixing is 500 - 5000 rpm, and the stirring time is 30 - 60 minutes.

[0027] Preferably, the mass ratio of the amino-functionalized attapulgite to the micro-nano bio-silicon / carbon is 3:1.

[0028] The advantages of the present invention are as follows: The present invention can form a nano-protective film on the surface of wheat. The product after mixing the three raw materials can poison the powdery mildew spores and hyphae, inhibit spore germination, thereby protecting the wheat infected with powdery mildew, reducing the damage of powdery mildew to wheat under the condition of wheat infection, having no influence on the vegetative growth and reproductive growth of wheat, and at the same time improving the resistance, dry weight, total protein content, and yield of the crop.

[0029] The nano-preparation disclosed in the patent application with the publication number CN113875773A is protected by forming a nano-film isolation by spraying in advance, and it cannot produce a toxic effect on the powdery mildew bacteria to prevent spore growth. In the present invention, the prevention and control inhibitor enhances the antioxidant capacity, lipid metabolism, biosynthesis of phenylpropanoids, and biosynthesis of sesquiterpenes and triterpenes of wheat, etc., which all contribute to enhancing the ability of wheat to resist powdery mildew infection.

[0030] When the percentage of each raw material in the present invention is lower than the above range, there is no significant prevention and control effect. When the percentage of paraffin oil exceeds the above range, the prevention and control effect will not increase, but instead increase the prevention and control cost, and using paraffin oil at too high a concentration will cause the leaves to turn yellow and form water stain-like spots, affecting the normal growth of wheat.

[0031] Paraffin oil has adhesiveness and hydrophobic effects. After compounding it with nano-titanium dioxide and kaolin, the hydrophobic property and adhesiveness of the nano-inhibition prevention and control network are enhanced through hydrogen bond connection. Therefore, under harsh weather conditions, the loss caused by rainwater scouring of the material can be reduced, and it can still play a role in preventing powdery mildew on rainy days.

[0032] Paraffin oil is a mineral oil, has a high flash point and low volatility, and is stable to light, heat, and acid. This provides better weather resistance for its application in the field, and reduces industrial pollution, achieving the effect of green environmental protection.

[0033] Paraffin oil has film-forming property and uniformity. Kaolin has a flaky structure. Spraying it on the surface of wheat leaves can form a film well and cover the surface of wheat leaves. Adding nanoscale kaolin can effectively improve the uniformity and persistence of the prevention and control inhibitor on the surface of wheat leaves and enhance the effect of the prevention and control inhibitor.

[0034] The kaolin is nanoscale, which can effectively enhance the bactericidal and antibacterial effects of the prevention and control inhibitor.

[0035] The operation of the present invention is simple, can be carried out on a large scale, has low cost and is more environmentally friendly. Description of the Drawings

[0036] Figure 1 It shows the germination situation of powdery mildew spores on the surface of wheat seedling leaves after being treated with the prevention and control inhibitor in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 2 It shows the situation of the prevention and control inhibitor covering the leaf surface in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 3 It is a graph showing the incidence of powdery mildew on wheat seedling leaves treated with the prevention and control inhibitor at different times in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 4 It is a graph showing the incidence of powdery mildew on wheat seedling leaves after being rained on and treated with the prevention and control inhibitor in Example 1 of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0040] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Apparently, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0041] The test materials and reagents used in the following embodiments, unless otherwise specified, can all be obtained from commercial channels.

[0042] For those not specifying specific techniques or conditions in the embodiments, they can all be carried out according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in this field or according to the product specifications.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] The wheat powdery mildew prevention and control inhibitor is composed of the following raw materials in percentage: the controlled-release regulator 1% (m / v), paraffin oil 8% (v / v), nano-titanium dioxide 2‰ (m / v), kaolin 1‰ (m / v), and the balance is water.

[0045] The preparation method of the wheat powdery mildew control inhibitor in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0046] (1) Using oxygen and ammonia (oxygen: ammonia (v / v) = 1:5) as gas sources, attapulgite powder (800 mesh, adsorption grade) is intermittently irradiated (treated for 10 minutes and stopped for 10 minutes) under vacuum conditions by plasma (500 °C, 2 kw). When the total effective irradiation time reaches 80 minutes, amino groups can be attached to the surface of attapulgite rod crystals to obtain amino-functionalized attapulgite;

[0047] (2) Under anaerobic conditions protected by nitrogen, rice straw is pyrolyzed at a high temperature (800 °C) for 50 minutes in a muffle furnace to obtain micro-nano bio-silicon / carbon;

[0048] (3) The amino-functionalized attapulgite and micro-nano bio-silicon / carbon are mixed evenly according to a mass ratio of 3:1 to obtain a loss control regulator;

[0049] (4) The loss control regulator is fully shaken (treated for 30 minutes at a rotation speed of 3000 rpm) with water to obtain a nano suspension. Then, the nano suspension is mixed with paraffin oil, nano-titanium dioxide, and kaolin and fully shaken (treated for 30 minutes at a rotation speed of 3000 rpm) to obtain a control inhibitor, with the final concentrations being: loss control regulator 1% (m / v), paraffin oil 8% (v / v), nano-titanium dioxide 2‰ (m / v), kaolin 1‰ (m / v), and the balance being water.

[0050] Treatment of potted wheat:

[0051] (1) The leaves of potted wheat are evenly sprayed once in a fine mist, and the dosage is based on the complete wetting of the sprayed parts.

[0052] (2) A large number of powdery mildew spores (Blumeria graminis f.sp. Tritici, the original strain is provided by the laboratory of Professor Wang Xiu'e of Nanjing Agricultural University, well-known and publicly used material Two members of TaRLKfamily confer powdery mildew resistance in common wheat. BMC Plant Biology(2016)16:27) are cultured in a laboratory incubator and diluted into a 1000 U / mL powdery mildew spore suspension for inoculation of powdery mildew spores in the incubator.

[0053] (3) The wheat treated by spraying is inoculated with powdery mildew by spraying (50 L per mu).

[0054] (4) The disease incidence of the potted wheat 7 - 15 days after treatment is counted. (Fifty leaves are counted for each treatment, and the disease index is DI, Where i is the disease incidence level (0 - 100%), Xi is the number of leaves with disease incidence level i, Si is the severity value of disease incidence level i, and I is the disease incidence rate.

[0055] (5) Through statistics, it can be found that this example can reduce the wheat powdery mildew incidence rate by more than 98.45%, effectively reducing the harm caused by powdery mildew to wheat yield and quality.

[0056] Example 2

[0057] The wheat powdery mildew prevention and control inhibitor is composed of the following raw materials in percentage: 1% (m / v) of the controlled-release regulator, 8% (v / v) of paraffin oil, 2‰ (m / v) of nano-titanium dioxide, 2‰ (m / v) of kaolin, and the balance is water.

[0058] The preparation method of the wheat powdery mildew prevention and control inhibitor in this example includes the following steps:

[0059] (1) Using oxygen and ammonia (oxygen:ammonia (v / v) = 1:5) as the gas source, intermittent irradiation treatment (treatment for 10 minutes, pause for 10 minutes) is carried out on attapulgite powder (800 mesh, adsorption grade) under vacuum conditions by plasma (500 °C, 2 kw). When the total effective irradiation time reaches 50 minutes, amino groups can be attached to the surface of attapulgite rod crystals to obtain amino-functionalized attapulgite.

[0060] (2) Under the anaerobic condition protected by nitrogen, high-temperature pyrolysis (800 °C) of rice straw is carried out in a muffle furnace for 50 minutes to obtain micro-nano bio-silicon / carbon.

[0061] (3) Mix the amino-functionalized attapulgite and micro-nano bio-silicon / carbon evenly according to the mass ratio of 3:1 to obtain the controlled-release regulator.

[0062] (4) The controlled-release regulator and water are fully shaken (treated at a rotation speed of 3000 rpm for 30 minutes) and mixed evenly to obtain a nano-suspension. Then, the nano-suspension is mixed with paraffin oil, nano-titanium dioxide, and kaolin and fully shaken (treated at a rotation speed of 3000 rpm for 30 minutes) and mixed evenly to obtain the prevention and control inhibitor, so that the final concentration is: 1% (m / v) of the controlled-release regulator, 8% (v / v) of paraffin oil, 2‰ (m / v) of nano-titanium dioxide, 2‰ (m / v) of kaolin, and the balance is water.

[0063] Potted wheat treatment:

[0064] (1) Carry out a fine mist-like and uniform spraying on the leaves of potted wheat once, with the dosage being based on the complete wetting of the sprayed parts.

[0065] (2) Dilute the powdery mildew spores in Example 1 into a 1000 U / mL powdery mildew spore suspension for inoculation of powdery mildew spores in an incubator.

[0066] (3) Spray inoculation with powdery mildew fungus was carried out on the sprayed wheat (50 L per mu).

[0067] (4) The disease incidence of potted wheat 7 - 15 days after treatment was counted, and the counting method was the same as that in Example 1.

[0068] (5) After statistics, this example can reduce the incidence of wheat powdery mildew by more than 97%, effectively reducing the harm caused by powdery mildew to wheat yield and quality.

[0069] Example 3

[0070] The inhibitor for preventing and controlling wheat powdery mildew is composed of the following raw materials in percentage: 1% (m / v) of a controlled - release regulator, 7% (v / v) of paraffin oil, 1‰ (m / v) of nano - titanium dioxide, 1‰ (m / v) of kaolin, and the balance is water.

[0071] The preparation method of the inhibitor for preventing and controlling wheat powdery mildew in this example includes the following steps:

[0072] (1) Using oxygen and ammonia (oxygen: ammonia (v / v) = 1:5) as gas sources, attapulgite powder (1000 mesh, adsorption grade) was intermittently irradiated (irradiated for 10 minutes and stopped for 10 minutes) under vacuum conditions by plasma (500 °C, 2 kw). When the total effective irradiation time reached 30 minutes, amino groups could be attached to the surface of attapulgite rod crystals to obtain amino - functionalized attapulgite.

[0073] (2) Under anaerobic conditions protected by nitrogen, rice straw was pyrolyzed at high temperature (800 °C) for 50 minutes in a muffle furnace to obtain micro - nano bio - silicon / carbon.

[0074] (3) The amino - functionalized attapulgite and micro - nano bio - silicon / carbon were mixed evenly according to a mass ratio of 3:1 to obtain a controlled - release regulator.

[0075] (4) The controlled - release regulator and water were fully shaken (treated at 3000 rpm for 30 minutes) to be mixed evenly to obtain a nano - suspension. Then the nano - suspension was mixed with paraffin oil, nano - titanium dioxide and kaolin and fully shaken (treated at 3000 rpm for 20 minutes) to be mixed evenly to obtain the inhibitor for prevention and control, with the final concentrations being: 1% (m / v) of the controlled - release regulator, 7% (v / v) of paraffin oil, 2‰ (m / v) of nano - titanium dioxide, 1‰ (m / v) of kaolin, and the balance is water.

[0076] Treatment of potted wheat:

[0077] (1) The leaves of potted wheat were evenly sprayed once in a fine mist, and the dosage was based on the complete wetting of the sprayed parts.

[0078] (2) Dilute the powdery mildew spores in Example 1 to a powdery mildew spore suspension of 1000 U / mL for inoculating the powdery mildew spores in the incubator.

[0079] (3) Spray inoculate the powdery mildew on the wheat treated by spraying (50 L per mu).

[0080] (4) Count the disease incidence of the potted wheat 7 - 15 days after treatment. The counting method is the same as that in Example 1.

[0081] (5) After statistics, this example can reduce the incidence of wheat powdery mildew by more than 93%, effectively reducing the harm caused by powdery mildew to wheat yield and quality.

[0082] Example 4

[0083] The wheat powdery mildew prevention and control inhibitor is composed of the following raw materials in percentage: 1% (m / v) of the controlled - release regulator, 8% (v / v) of paraffin oil, 2‰ (m / v) of nano - titanium dioxide, 1‰ (m / v) of kaolin, and the balance is water.

[0084] The preparation method of the wheat powdery mildew prevention and control inhibitor in this example includes the following steps:

[0085] (1) Using oxygen and ammonia (oxygen: ammonia (v / v) = 1:5) as gas sources, intermittently irradiate attapulgite powder (800 mesh, adsorption grade) under vacuum conditions with plasma (500 °C, 2 kw) (irradiate for 10 minutes and stop for 10 minutes). When the total effective irradiation time reaches 80 minutes, amino groups can be attached to the surface of attapulgite rod crystals to obtain amino - functionalized attapulgite.

[0086] (2) Under the anaerobic condition protected by nitrogen, pyrolyze rice straw at high temperature (800 °C) for 50 minutes in a muffle furnace to obtain micro - nano bio - silicon / carbon.

[0087] (3) Mix the amino - functionalized attapulgite and micro - nano bio - silicon / carbon evenly according to a mass ratio of 3:1 to obtain the controlled - release regulator.

[0088] (4) Vigorously shake the controlled - release regulator with water (treat for 30 minutes at a rotation speed of 3000 rpm) to mix evenly to obtain a nano - suspension. Then mix the nano - suspension with paraffin oil, nano - titanium dioxide, and kaolin and vigorously shake (treat for 30 minutes at a rotation speed of 3000 rpm) to mix evenly to obtain the prevention and control inhibitor, so that the final concentration is: 1% (m / v) of the controlled - release regulator, 8% (v / v) of paraffin oil, 2‰ (m / v) of nano - titanium dioxide, 1‰ (m / v) of kaolin, and the balance is water.

[0089] Treatment of wheat green - leaf stage leaves in the field:

[0090] (1) Spray the wheat leaves in the field during the green leaf stage evenly once in a fine mist, with the dosage being such that all sprayed parts are thoroughly wetted.

[0091] (2) Dilute the powdery mildew spores in Example 1 into a powdery mildew spore suspension of 1000 U / mL for inoculating the powdery mildew spores in the incubator.

[0092] (3) Conduct spray inoculation of powdery mildew on the wheat treated by spraying (50 L per mu).

[0093] (4) Count the disease incidence of the wheat 7 - 15 days after treatment, with the counting method being the same as in Example 1.

[0094] (5) After statistics, this example can reduce the incidence of wheat powdery mildew by more than 93.33%, effectively reducing the harm caused by powdery mildew to wheat yield and quality.

[0095] Example 5

[0096] The inhibitor for preventing and controlling wheat powdery mildew is composed of the following raw materials in percentages: 1% (m / v) of the controlled - release regulator, 8% (v / v) of paraffin oil, 2‰ (m / v) of nano - titanium dioxide, 1‰ (m / v) of kaolin, and the balance is water.

[0097] The preparation method of the nano - prevention and control network for wheat powdery mildew in this example includes the following steps:

[0098] (1) Using oxygen and ammonia (oxygen: ammonia (v / v) = 1:5) as gas sources, intermittently irradiate attapulgite powder (800 mesh, adsorption grade) under vacuum conditions with plasma (500 °C, 2 kw) (irradiate for 10 minutes and stop for 10 minutes). When the total effective irradiation time reaches 80 minutes, amino groups can be attached to the surface of attapulgite rod crystals to obtain amino - functionalized attapulgite.

[0099] (2) Under anaerobic conditions protected by nitrogen, pyrolyze rice straw at high temperature (800 °C) for 50 minutes in a muffle furnace to obtain micro - nano bio - silicon / carbon.

[0100] (3) Mix the amino - functionalized attapulgite and micro - nano bio - silicon / carbon evenly according to a mass ratio of 3:1 to obtain the controlled - release regulator.

[0101] (4) Vigorously shake the controlled - release regulator with water (treat for 30 minutes at a rotation speed of 3000 rpm) to mix evenly to obtain a nano - suspension. Then mix the nano - suspension with paraffin oil, nano - titanium dioxide, and kaolin and vigorously shake (treat for 30 minutes at a rotation speed of 3000 rpm) to mix evenly to obtain the nano - prevention and control network, with the final concentrations being: 1% (m / v) of the controlled - release regulator, 8% (v / v) of paraffin oil, 2‰ (m / v) of nano - titanium dioxide, 1‰ (m / v) of kaolin, and the balance is water.

[0102] Treatment of potted wheat:

[0103] (1) Dilute the powdery mildew spores in Example 1 into a powdery mildew spore suspension of 1000 U / mL for inoculation of powdery mildew spores in an incubator.

[0104] (2) Spray inoculate the powdery mildew on the sprayed wheat (50 L per mu).

[0105] (3) Two days after the inoculation of powdery mildew, evenly spray the wheat leaves at the green leaf stage once with a fine mist, and the dosage is based on the complete wetting of the sprayed part.

[0106] (4) Count the disease incidence of the potted wheat 7 - 15 days after treatment, and the counting method is the same as that in Example 1.

[0107] (5) After statistics, this example can reduce the incidence of wheat powdery mildew by 33.93%, effectively reducing the harm caused by powdery mildew to wheat yield and quality.

[0108] The prevention and control inhibitor prepared by the present invention can protect the wheat already infected by powdery mildew on the original basis, and its prevention and control effect is 33.93% under the condition of wheat infection. When sprayed in advance (when not infected by powdery mildew), its prevention and control effect reaches 98.45%.

[0109] As Figure 1 shown, the experimental results show that the mechanism of the nano - prevention and control net in the present invention is to inhibit the germination of powdery mildew spores by poisoning them, rather than only relying on the formed prevention and control net to protect wheat.

[0110] As Figure 3 shown, the experimental results show that the nano - prevention and control net in the present invention can achieve prevention and control both before and after the infection of powdery mildew, rather than only achieving the prevention and control effect when sprayed before the infection of powdery mildew.

[0111] Example 6

[0112] The wheat powdery mildew prevention and control inhibitor is composed of the following raw materials in percentage: 1% (m / v) of a controlled - release regulator, 8% (v / v) of paraffin oil, 2‰ (m / v) of nano - titanium dioxide, 1‰ (m / v) of kaolin, and the balance is water.

[0113] The preparation method of the nano - prevention and control net for wheat powdery mildew in this example includes the following steps:

[0114] (1) Using oxygen and ammonia (oxygen:ammonia (v / v) = 1:5) as gas sources, attapulgite powder (800 mesh, adsorption grade) is intermittently irradiated by plasma (500 °C, 2 kw) under vacuum conditions (irradiation for 10 minutes, pause for 10 minutes). When the total effective irradiation time reaches 80 minutes, amino groups can be attached to the surface of attapulgite rod crystals to obtain amino-functionalized attapulgite;

[0115] (2) Under anaerobic conditions protected by nitrogen, rice straw is pyrolyzed at high temperature (800 °C) for 50 minutes in a muffle furnace to obtain micro-nano bio-silicon / carbon;

[0116] (3) Mix the amino-functionalized attapulgite and micro-nano bio-silicon / carbon evenly according to a mass ratio of 3:1 to obtain a controlled-release regulator;

[0117] (4) The controlled-release regulator is fully shaken (processed at 3000 rpm for 30 minutes) with water to prepare a nano-suspension. Then, the nano-suspension is mixed with paraffin oil, nano-titanium dioxide, and kaolin and fully shaken (processed at 3000 rpm for 30 minutes) to prepare a nano-prevention and control network, with the final concentrations being: controlled-release regulator 1% (m / v), paraffin oil 8% (v / v), nano-titanium dioxide 2‰ (m / v), kaolin 1‰ (m / v), and the balance being water.

[0118] Pot experiment on wheat:

[0119] (1) Spray the leaves of potted wheat evenly once in a fine mist, with the dosage being such that all sprayed parts are wet.

[0120] (2) After drying, artificial spraying of clear water is used to simulate natural rainfall, and it stops after 15 minutes. After natural drying, the powdery mildew spores in Example 1 are diluted into a 1000 U / mL powdery mildew spore suspension for inoculation of powdery mildew spores in an incubator.

[0121] (3) Spray and inoculate the powdery mildew pathogen on the sprayed wheat (50 L per mu).

[0122] (4) Count the disease incidence of the potted wheat 7 - 15 days after treatment, and the counting method is the same as in Example 1.

[0123] (5) After statistics, this example can reduce the incidence of wheat powdery mildew by 97%, effectively reducing the harm caused by powdery mildew to wheat yield and quality.

[0124] Such as Figure 2 、 Figure 4As shown, the experimental results indicate that after FTIR testing, it is found that the raw materials in the prevention and control inhibitor of the embodiments of the present invention form an integral body through hydrogen bond connection, and the hydrophobic angle of the nano-inhibition prevention and control net reaches 102.48°, showing hydrophobicity, which can better affinity adhere to the waxy layer (hydrophobic) of the wheat epidermis. In addition, due to its strong hydrophobicity, after 7 days of rain, its prevention and control effect can still reach 97%.

[0125] Comparative Example 1

[0126] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that kaolin is not added.

[0127] Using the method in Example 1, it is statistically shown that this example can reduce the incidence of wheat powdery mildew by 87.17%. However, using the potted wheat treatment method in Example 5 cannot protect the wheat already infected with powdery mildew.

[0128] Comparative Example 2

[0129] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that nano-titanium dioxide is not added.

[0130] Using the method in Example 1, it is statistically shown that this example can reduce the incidence of wheat powdery mildew by 83.47%. However, using the potted wheat treatment method in Example 5 cannot protect the wheat already infected with powdery mildew.

[0131] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wheat powdery mildew prevention and control inhibitor, characterized in that: It is mainly made of the following raw materials by percentage: controlled-release regulator 1-5% (m / v), paraffin oil 5%-10% (v / v), nano-titanium dioxide 2‰ (m / v), kaolin 1‰-1% (m / v), and the balance is water; the kaolin is nano-scale; The preparation method of the controlled-release regulator includes the following steps: (1) Using oxygen and ammonia as gas sources, intermittently irradiate the 100-1500 mesh adsorption-grade attapulgite powder under vacuum conditions with a plasma at a temperature of 500-1000 °C and a power of 1-3 KW for 5-20 minutes, stop for 5-20 minutes, and the total effective irradiation time reaches 80-120 minutes; (2) Under anaerobic conditions protected by nitrogen, use a muffle furnace to carry out high-temperature cracking of rice straw at 500-800 °C for 50-100 minutes to obtain micro-nano bio-silicon / carbon; (3) Mix the amino-functionalized attapulgite and micro-nano bio-silicon / carbon evenly according to a mass ratio of 3-5:1-2 to obtain the controlled-release regulator.

2. The wheat powdery mildew prevention and control inhibitor according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (1), the volume ratio of oxygen to ammonia is 1:1-1:

5.

3. The wheat powdery mildew prevention and control inhibitor according to claim 1, characterized in that: Spray the wheat powdery mildew prevention and control inhibitor on the surface of wheat leaves infected or not infected with powdery mildew.

4. A method for preparing the wheat powdery mildew prevention and control inhibitor according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: mix the controlled-release regulator, water, paraffin oil, nano-titanium dioxide and kaolin to obtain the wheat powdery mildew prevention and control inhibitor.

5. The method for preparing the wheat powdery mildew prevention and control inhibitor according to claim 4, characterized in that: First, stir and mix the controlled-release regulator with water to obtain a nano suspension, and then mix and stir the nano suspension with paraffin oil, nano-titanium dioxide and kaolin to obtain the wheat powdery mildew prevention and control inhibitor.

6. The wheat powdery mildew prevention and control inhibitor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rotation speed of the stirring and mixing is 500-5000 rpm, and the stirring time is 30-60 minutes.

7. The wheat powdery mildew prevention and control inhibitor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the amino-functionalized attapulgite to the micro-nano bio-silicon / carbon is 3:1.

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