An ecological conditioning type straw composting agent and its application

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of straw composting agents, and specifically relates to an ecological conditioning type straw composting agent and its application. An ecological conditioning type straw composting agent, which is mixed with thick spore Verticillium, Trichoderma harzianum, Rhodopseudomonas palustris PSB-S and Paecilomyces lilacinus, wherein the mass ratio of thick spore Verticillium, Trichoderma harzianum, Rhodopseudomonas palustris PSB-S and Paecilomyces lilacinus is 1-10:1-15:1-15:1-10. The corn straw fermentation and composting liquid prepared by the composting agent of the present invention can improve the inhibitory effect on Botrytis cinerea and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, especially when the mass ratio of thick spore Verticillium, Trichoderma harzianum, Rhodopseudomonas palustris PSB-S and Paecilomyces lilacinus is 8:10:7:5, the inhibitory effect is most obvious. It shows that the composting agent of the present invention has a synergistic effect in inhibiting Botrytis cinerea and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of straw composting agents, and in particular relates to an ecological conditioning type straw composting agent and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Plant soil-borne diseases refer to diseases caused by pathogens that infect plants with soil as the transmission medium. There are many pathogens that cause soil-borne plant diseases, including Botrytis cinerea that causes gray mold, Fusarium oxysporum that causes wilt, Ralstonia that causes bacterial wilt, and Alternaria alternata that causes early blight. At present, the prevention and control measures for soil-borne diseases mainly include the cultivation of disease-resistant varieties, physical control, chemical control, and biological control. Among them, the cultivation cycle of disease-resistant varieties is long; physical control is labor-intensive; although chemical control has the advantages of good short-term effect, low cost, simple use, and a wide spectrum of insecticides and antibacterials, long-term and unreasonable application of chemical agents will seriously pollute the environment and cause insecticides and pathogens to develop resistance; while biological control uses harmless or beneficial microorganisms or antagonistic microorganisms and their metabolites to inhibit the growth of pathogens, induce plant resistance and promote growth, thereby achieving the purpose of disease prevention and control. It has the advantages of no pollution, low cost, and not easy to develop resistance, and has received more and more attention in recent years.

[0003] The biocontrol mechanism of biocontrol bacteria mainly includes competition, antagonism, hyperparasitism, induction of plant disease resistance and promotion of plant growth. my country has registered many species such as Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Verticillium chrysosporum and Trichoderma harzianum. After entering the soil, a single biocontrol bacterium has a narrow control spectrum for soil pathogens and limited control effect. When two or more biocontrol bacteria are mixed and cultured, their metabolites are rich and may produce new chemical substances, which complement the ability to inhibit pathogens, improve the control effect and broaden the antibacterial spectrum. Studies have shown that the mixed use of Trichoderma, Bacillus and Pseudomonas has a synergistic effect on the prevention and control of plant diseases; Trichoderma pseudokoningii and Bacillus subtilis have significant effects on cucumber wilt; the fermentation mixture of Bacillus subtilis GLB191 and Bacillus pumilus GLB197 has a significant control effect on grape gray mold. The mixed use or mixed fermentation of biocontrol bacteria and the use of synergistic effects between microorganisms to prevent and control plant diseases have gradually become an effective direction of biological control. However, the synergistic effects between different biocontrol bacteria are difficult to predict and may even reduce the control effect.

[0004] The inventors have found through a large number of experiments that a mixture of Verticillium chrysosporium, Trichoderma harzianum, Rhodopseudomonas palustris PSB-S and Paecilomyces lilacinus can produce a synergistic effect, thereby improving the control effect of soil-borne diseases of crops.

[0005] The information disclosed in this background technology section is only intended to enhance the understanding of the overall background of the invention and should not be regarded as an acknowledgment or any form of suggestion that the information constitutes the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an ecological conditioning type straw composting agent and application thereof, wherein the straw fermentation composting liquid can improve the control effect on soil-borne diseases.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] The first object of the present invention is to provide an ecological conditioning type straw composting agent, which is a mixture of Verticillium chrysosporium, Trichoderma harzianum, Rhodopseudomonas palustris PSB-S and Paecilomyces lilacinus, wherein the mass ratio of Verticillium chrysosporium, Trichoderma harzianum, Rhodopseudomonas palustris PSB-S and Paecilomyces lilacinus is 1-10:1-15:1-15:1-10.

[0009] Preferably, the mass ratio of Verticillium chrysosporium, Trichoderma harzianum, Rhodopseudomonas palustris PSB-S and Paecilomyces lilacinus is 8:10:7:5.

[0010] Preferably, the Verticillium chrysosporium is a Verticillium chrysosporium granule with 250 million spores / gram; the Trichoderma harzianum is a Trichoderma harzianum water dispersible granule with 100 million live spores / gram; the Rhodopseudomonas palustris PSB-S is 200 million live spores / mL Rhodopseudomonas palustris PSB-S suspension; the Paecilomyces lilacinus is 500 million live spores / gram Paecilomyces lilacinus granule.

[0011] The second object of the present invention is to provide the application of the ecological conditioning type straw composting agent in preventing and controlling soil-borne pests and diseases, wherein the soil-borne pests and diseases include fungal diseases caused by Botrytis cinerea.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] The corn stalk fermented decomposition liquid prepared by the decomposition agent of the present invention can improve the inhibitory effect on Botrytis cinerea and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, especially when the mass ratio of Verticillium chrysosporum, Trichoderma harzianum, Rhodopseudomonas palustris PSB-S and Paecilomyces lilacinus is 8:10:7:5, the inhibitory effect is most obvious. It shows that the decomposition agent of the present invention has a synergistic effect in inhibiting Botrytis cinerea and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solution of the patent of this invention.

[0015] Example

[0016] 1. Tested biocontrol bacteria

[0017] Verticillium chrysosporium granules with 250 million spores / g (Guangdong Zhen Biotechnology Co., Ltd., registration number: PD20152579);

[0018] 100 million viable spores / g of Trichoderma harzianum water dispersible granules (Chengdu Top Biotechnology Co., Ltd., registration number: PD20150694);

[0019] 200 million viable spores / mL of Rhodopseudomonas palustris PSB-S suspension concentrate (Hunan Xinchangshan Agricultural Development Co., Ltd., registration number: PD20190022);

[0020] 500 million viable spores / g of Paecilomyces lilacinus granules (Deqiang Biotechnology Co., Ltd., registration number: PD20110951).

[0021] 2. Preparation of fermented liquid

[0022] Crush corn stalks to 4.5-6cm, adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the material to 25:1 with chicken manure, adjust the moisture content of the material to 60%, inoculate a 1% mass ratio of a composting agent (the composting agent formula is shown in Table 1 below), mix evenly, and ferment at room temperature for 35 days in a sealed container, turning the material every 2 days. Mix the fermented and decomposed material with water at a mass ratio of 1:8, seal for 7 days, filter with a 0.5μm filter membrane, collect the filtrate, and obtain the fermented and decomposed straw liquid, which is stored at 4°C for later use. When used in the field, spray the filtrate diluted with clean water on the leaves.

[0023] 3. Inhibitory effect on Botrytis cinerea

[0024] 3.1 Test pathogens: Botrytis cinerea and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides were collected from diseased leaves at the strawberry experimental base of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, isolated and purified in the laboratory, and stored on PDA medium.

[0025] 3.2 Test method (using mycelium growth rate method)

[0026] Add 9 mL of pre-thawed PDA medium to a sterile conical flask, add 2 mL of the collected fermented liquid, shake well, and then pour an equal amount into 4 culture dishes with a diameter of 9 cm to make a plate containing fermented liquid. At the same time, set up a blank control treatment containing only sterile water, and set up 4 replicates for each treatment.

[0027] Use a 5mm diameter puncher to punch holes at the edge of the test pathogen colony to make a 5mm diameter bacterial cake; inoculate the bacterial cake in the center of the plate containing the fermented decomposition liquid, with the mycelium side facing up, cover the plate and place it in an incubator at 28°C for cultivation. When the diameter of the blank control colony reaches more than 2 / 3 of the diameter of the culture dish, measure the colony diameter with a caliper and calculate the mycelium growth inhibition rate of each treatment.

[0028]

[0029] 3.3 Test results

[0030] See Table 1.

[0031] Table 1 Inhibitory effects of different treatments on Botrytis cinerea and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides

[0032]

[0033]

[0034] As shown in Table 1, the fermented corn stalks decomposed liquid prepared by the decomposing agent of the present invention can improve the inhibitory effect on Botrytis cinerea and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, especially when the mass ratio of Verticillium chrysosporum, Trichoderma harzianum, Rhodopseudomonas palustris PSB-S and Paecilomyces lilacinus is 8:10:7:5, the inhibitory effect is most obvious. This indicates that the decomposing agent of the present invention has a synergistic effect in inhibiting Botrytis cinerea and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides.

[0035] The exemplary embodiments are chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and their practical applications, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to make and utilize various exemplary embodiments of the invention as well as various alternatives and modifications.

Claims

1. An ecological conditioning type straw composting agent, characterized in that: It is a mixture of Verticillium chrysosporum, Trichoderma harzianum, Rhodopseudomonas palustris PSB-S and Paecilomyces lilacinus, wherein the mass ratio of Verticillium chrysosporum, Trichoderma harzianum, Rhodopseudomonas palustris PSB-S and Paecilomyces lilacinus is 1-10:1-15:1-15:1-10; wherein, The Verticillium chrysosporum is 250 million spores / gram of Verticillium chrysosporum granules; the Trichoderma harzianum is 100 million live spores / gram of Trichoderma harzianum water dispersible granules; the Rhodopseudomonas palustris PSB-S is 200 million live spores / mL of Rhodopseudomonas palustris PSB-S suspension; the Paecilomyces lilacinus is 500 million live spores / gram of Paecilomyces lilacinus granules.

2. The ecological conditioning straw composting agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of Verticillium chrysosporium, Trichoderma harzianum, Rhodopseudomonas palustris PSB-S and Paecilomyces lilacinus is 8:10:7:

5.

3. Use of the ecological conditioning straw composting agent according to any one of claims 1-2 in preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases and insect pests.

4. The use according to claim 3, characterized in that: The soil-borne pests and diseases include fungal diseases caused by Botrytis cinerea.

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