A method for beneficiating polymetallic ore cassiterite

Abstract

A method for beneficiating polymetallic cassiterite: the polymetallic cassiterite is crushed and ground, and then weak magnetic separation is performed to obtain magnetic concentrate and magnetic tailings; the magnetic tailings are subjected to one-coarse and two-sweep desulfurization flotation to obtain sulfide concentrate and desulfurization tailings; the desulfurization tailings are screened and re-grinded; the re-grinded product is fed into a flotation machine for secondary desulfurization, and then a reverse flotation process is used to successively decalcify and desiliconize to obtain tin concentrate and secondary tin concentrate. The present invention makes full use of the good floatability of carbonate gangue minerals such as calcite and dolomite in polymetallic cassiterite, and adopts a reverse enrichment method to preferentially remove easily floatable carbonate calcium-containing minerals, so that the target product cassiterite is enriched to a large extent, and then after removing the carbonate gangue minerals, a reverse enrichment method is further used to remove silicate gangue minerals, so as to achieve the purpose of gradually improving quality and reducing impurities, and gradually reversely float out gangue minerals to enrich and improve the quality of cassiterite.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of mineral processing, and in particular relates to a method for processing polymetallic ore cassiterite. Background Art

[0002] At present, high-tech industries such as aerospace, national defense, biomedicine and high-tech product manufacturing have a wide demand for metallic tin. Tin is one of the key materials for the development of these industries and one of my country's strategic minerals. my country is rich in tin resources and has large reserves. The notable feature of its deposits is cassiterite polymetallic sulfide deposits. Since the density of cassiterite is greater than that of gangue minerals, coarse-grained cassiterite can be enriched and good indicators can be obtained through traditional gravity separation. However, cassiterite is brittle and is prone to over-grinding and mudding during grinding. It is difficult to separate this part of cassiterite from other gangue minerals by gravity separation. Therefore, the efficient recovery of fine-grained cassiterite is a technical problem.

[0003] The current mineral processing technologies for the recovery of polymetallic cassiterite have certain deficiencies and defects: (1) During the multi-stage grinding process, cassiterite is severely slimed, and the recovery effect of gravity separation on fine particles is poor, resulting in a low recovery rate; (2) Arsine and phosphonic acid collectors have stronger selectivity than oleic acid, stronger capture capacity for fine-grained cassiterite, and less usage, but are gradually being eliminated in actual production due to their high toxicity and high degree of harm to the environment; (3) Compared with associated gangue minerals (carbonates and silicates), cassiterite has a lower tin grade and less mineral content in the ore. The presence of slime will greatly increase the difficulty of forward enrichment. In order to reduce the impact of the ore, desliming is required before forward flotation. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies and defects mentioned in the above background technology and provide a method for beneficiating polymetallic ore cassiterite.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution proposed by the present invention is:

[0006] A method for beneficiating polymetallic ore cassiterite comprises the following steps:

[0007] (1) crushing and grinding the polymetallic cassiterite ore and then performing weak magnetic separation to obtain magnetic concentrate and magnetic tailings;

[0008] (2) subjecting the magnetic separation tailings after step (1) to one-rough and two-sweep desulfurization flotation to obtain sulfide ore concentrate and desulfurized tailings;

[0009] (3) screening and regrinding the desulfurized tailings after step (2);

[0010] (4) The product after regrinding in step (3) is fed into a flotation machine for secondary desulfurization, and then the idea of ​​reverse enrichment is adopted, and the carbonate and silicate are successively separated in stages (i.e., decalcification and desiliconization) by reverse flotation process, so as to enrich tin concentrate and secondary tin concentrate.

[0011] In the above-mentioned mineral processing method, preferably, in step (1), the particle size of the ore after grinding is -200 mesh, accounting for 40%-60%.

[0012] In the above-mentioned mineral processing method, preferably, in step (1), the weak magnetic separation adopts a wet weak magnetic separator, and the magnetic field strength is 1600-2000Oe.

[0013] In the above-mentioned mineral processing method, preferably, in step (2), during the one-coarse two-sweep desulfurization flotation process, 500-2000 g / t of adjusting agent A, 150-250 g / t of activating agent, 100-200 g / t of collecting agent A, and 40-60 g / t of frother are added.

[0014] In the above-mentioned mineral processing method, preferably, in step (2), the adjusting agent A is one or more of lime, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, water glass, and sodium hexametaphosphate; the activating agent is one of sodium sulfide, sodium hydrosulfide, copper sulfate, and lead nitrate; the collecting agent A is one or more of ethyl xanthate, butyl xanthate, pentyl xanthate, Y89 xanthate, No. 25 black medicine, butylamine black medicine, and Z-200 agent; the frother is 2 # One of oil and MIBC.

[0015] In the above-mentioned mineral processing method, preferably, the particle size of the ground product after screening and re-grinding in step (3) is less than 0.1 mm.

[0016] In the above-mentioned mineral processing method, preferably, in step (4), 500-2000 g / t of adjusting agent B, 150-250 g / t of inhibitor B and 100-200 g / t of collector B are added during the decalcification process.

[0017] In the above-mentioned mineral processing method, preferably, the adjusting agent B is one or more of lime, sodium hydroxide, and sodium carbonate; the inhibitor B is one of caustic starch, dextrin, carboxymethyl cellulose, and sodium lignin sulfonate; and the collector B is one or more of sodium oleate, tall oil, and oxidized paraffin soap.

[0018] In the above-mentioned mineral processing method, preferably, in step (4), 2000-4000 g / t of adjusting agent C, 50-100 g / t of inhibitor C, and 100-200 g / t of collector C are added during the desiliconization process.

[0019] In the above-mentioned mineral processing method, preferably, the adjuster C is one of hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid; the inhibitor C is one of caustic starch, dextrin, carboxymethyl cellulose, and sodium lignin sulfonate; and the collector C is one or more of sodium oleate, oxidized paraffin soap, dodecylamine, and sodium dodecyl sulfate.

[0020] In the above-mentioned mineral processing method, preferably, in step (4), the secondary desulfurization adopts a primary roughing operation, and during the primary roughing operation, 50 g / t of butyl xanthate collector and 2 g / t of frother are added. # Oil 10g / t.

[0021] In the above-mentioned ore dressing method, preferably, the main minerals of the polymetallic ore cassiterite include pyrite, pyrrhotite, pyrrhotite, sphalerite, cassiterite, calcite and quartz.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0023] (1) The present invention makes full use of the good floatability of carbonate gangue minerals such as calcite and dolomite in the polymetallic ore cassiterite, and adopts a reverse enrichment method (i.e., reverse flotation process) to preferentially remove the easily floatable carbonate calcium-containing minerals, so that the target product cassiterite is enriched to a large extent. Then, after removing the carbonate gangue minerals, a reverse enrichment method (i.e., reverse flotation process) is further adopted to remove the silicate gangue minerals, so as to achieve the purpose of gradually improving the quality and reducing the impurities, and gradually reversely float out the gangue minerals to enrich and improve the quality of cassiterite.

[0024] (2) The present invention does not use highly toxic collectors such as arsonic acid and phosphonic acid in decalcification and desiliconization, but uses environmentally friendly oleic acid agents, which does not cause damage to the environment. At the same time, it strengthens the selection operation in reverse flotation to form a cascade product, further improving the cassiterite recovery rate.

[0025] (3) The present invention eliminates the gravity separation operation, adopts the full flotation process and simplifies the separation process, which can be scaled, large-scale and intelligent.

[0026] (4) In the desulfurization process, the particle size of the grinding product of the present invention is controlled at -200 mesh, accounting for 40%-60%, which can effectively reduce the over-grinding phenomenon of cassiterite and reduce the loss of fine-grained cassiterite. At the same time, the intermediate product re-grinding method is adopted to ensure the removal effect of sulfide ore to a large extent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a process flow chart of the beneficiation of polymetallic cassiterite in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a process flow chart of the beneficiation of polymetallic ore cassiterite in the comparative example of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more comprehensively and meticulously below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments of the specification, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments.

[0030] Unless otherwise defined, all professional terms used below have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art. The professional terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Unless otherwise specified, various raw materials, reagents, instruments and equipment used in the present invention can be purchased from the market or prepared by existing methods.

[0032] Embodiment 1:

[0033] The polymetallic cassiterite to be processed in this embodiment is a polymetallic cassiterite ore from a place in Yunnan. The main minerals include pyrite, pyrrhotite, brittle antimonite, sphalerite, cassiterite, calcite, quartz, etc. After analysis, the main components of the ore sample are: Pb3.39%, Zn 11.45%, Sn 1.05%, Sb 2.31%, S 27.54%, Fe 25.14%, CaO 14.22%, SiO 2 6.92%.

[0034] The beneficiation method of polymetallic cassiterite in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0035] (1) The polymetallic ore cassiterite to be processed is crushed and ground to obtain -200 mesh material accounting for 49.70%, and the material is fed into a Φ400×300 wet drum weak magnetic separator for weak magnetic separation, and the magnetic field strength is controlled to be 2000Oe to obtain a magnetic separation concentrate (pyrrhotite) with a yield of 10.68% and a magnetic separation tailings;

[0036] (2) The magnetic tailings after step (1) are put into a roughing and two-sweeping desulfurization flotation operation, and 500 g / t of sodium carbonate and water glass, 200 g / t of copper sulfate, 150 g / t of butyl xanthate, 200 g / t of frother, 150 g / t of butyl xanthate, 200 g / t of frother are added to the roughing. # Oil 50g / t, scavenging and adding activator copper sulfate 50g / t, collector butyl xanthate 50g / t, foaming agent 2 # Oil 10g / t, scavenging 2 add collector butyl xanthate 40g / t, foaming agent 2 # Oil 5g / t;

[0037] (3) The tailings after desulfurization in step (2) were screened and classified with 0.1 mm as the boundary, and the coarse particles entered the mill for circulation. Rod mill was used for grinding, and the grinding concentration was controlled to be 50%. The grinding product and the -0.1 mm fine particle grade were combined and entered the secondary desulfurization operation. The secondary desulfurization used a primary roughing operation. The collector butyl xanthate was used in an amount of 50 g / t, and the frother 2 # Oil 10g / t, the purpose is to remove the previously undissociated sulfide ore;

[0038] (4) The desulfurized tailings from step (3) are subjected to a one-roughing and two-sweeping decalcification operation. In the roughing operation, 2000 g / t of sodium carbonate as a regulating agent, 200 g / t of caustic starch as an inhibitor, and 150 g / t of sodium oleate as a collector are added. In the scavenging operation, 50 g / t of caustic starch as an inhibitor and 50 g / t of sodium oleate as a collector are added. In the scavenging operation, 50 g / t of caustic starch as an inhibitor and 50 g / t of sodium oleate as a collector are added.

[0039] (5) The decalcified tailings of step (4) are sent to a one-roughing and two-sweeping desiliconization operation. In the roughing, 2000 g / t of sulfuric acid as an adjusting agent, 100 g / t of caustic starch as an inhibitor, and 200 g / t of sodium oleate as a collector are added. In the scavenging one, 50 g / t of caustic starch as an inhibitor and 50 g / t of sodium oleate as a collector are added. In the scavenging two, 50 g / t of caustic starch as an inhibitor and 50 g / t of sodium oleate as a collector are added. The final product in the tank is tin concentrate. The mineral processing indicators are shown in Table 1.

[0040] Table 1 Ore dressing index of Example 1

[0041] Product Name Yield / % Sn grade / % Sn recovery rate / % Tin Concentrate 1.65 46.98 73.49 Secondary tin concentrate 2.73 5.10 13.21 Tin Tail 3 0.55 0.69 0.36 Tin Tail 2 8.50 0.110 0.89 Tin Tail 1 4.06 0.41 1.58 Sulfide ore concentrate 68.05 0.110 7.10 Sulfide ore 3.78 0.730 2.62 Magnetic concentrate 10.68 0.075 0.76 Ore 100.00 1.05 100.00

[0042] Comparative Example 1:

[0043] The polymetallic cassiterite to be treated in this comparative example is a polymetallic cassiterite ore from a place in Yunnan. The main minerals include pyrite, pyrrhotite, brittle antimonite, sphalerite, cassiterite, calcite, quartz, etc. After analysis, the main components of the ore sample are: Pb3.39%, Zn 11.45%, Sn 1.05%, Sb 2.31%, S 27.54%, Fe 25.14%, CaO 14.22%, SiO 2 6.92%.

[0044] The beneficiation method of polymetallic cassiterite in this comparative example is shown in the process flow chart as follows Figure 2 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0045] (1) The polymetallic cassiterite to be processed is crushed and ground to obtain -200 mesh materials accounting for 49.70%, and the materials are fed into a Φ400×300 wet drum weak magnetic separator for weak magnetic separation, and the magnetic field strength is controlled to be 2000Oe to obtain a magnetic concentrate (pyrrhotite) with a yield of 10.68% and a magnetic tailings;

[0046] (2) The magnetic tailings after step (1) are sent to a roughing and two-sweeping desulfurization operation, and 500 g / t of sodium carbonate and water glass, 200 g / t of copper sulfate, 150 g / t of butyl xanthate, 200 g / t of frother, and 100 g / t of scavenger are added to the roughing. # Oil 50g / t, scavenging and adding activator copper sulfate 50g / t, collector butyl xanthate 50g / t, foaming agent 2 # Oil 10g / t, scavenging 2 add collector butyl xanthate 40g / t, foaming agent 2 # Oil 5g / t;

[0047] (3) The tailings after desulfurization in step (2) were screened and classified with 0.1 mm as the boundary, and the coarse particles entered the mill for circulation. Rod mill was used for grinding, and the grinding concentration was controlled to be 50%. The grinding product and the -0.1 mm fine particle grade were combined and entered the secondary desulfurization operation. The secondary desulfurization used a primary roughing operation. The collector butyl xanthate was used in an amount of 50 g / t, and the frother 2 # Oil 10g / t, the purpose is to remove the previously undissociated sulfide ore;

[0048] (4) The desulfurized tailings in step (3) are sent to a rough tin flotation operation, and 600 g / t of salicylic acid as a regulator, 300 g / t of PS as a collector, and 40 g / t of PZ as a foaming agent are added to obtain a rough tin concentrate and a rough tin tailings;

[0049] (5) The crude tin tailings from step (4) are subjected to two scavenging operations. In the first scavenging operation, 300 g / t of salicylic acid as a regulator and 90 g / t of PS as a collector are added. In the second scavenging operation, 200 g / t of salicylic acid as a regulator and 40 g / t of PS as a collector are added. The foams from the two scavenging operations are tin medium ore 2, and the trough contains tin tailings 2.

[0050] (6) The tin crude concentrate in step (4) is subjected to two concentration operations. In the first concentration, 200 g / t of salicylic acid as an adjusting agent is added, and in the second concentration, 100 g / t of salicylic acid as an adjusting agent is added. The two concentration tanks contain tin medium ore 1, and the foam in the second concentration is tin concentrate. The mineral processing indicators are shown in Table 2.

[0051] Table 2 Ore dressing indexes of comparative example 1

[0052] Product Name Yield / % Sn grade / % Sn recovery rate / % Tin Concentrate 4.45 15.86 69.05 Tin Mine 1 1.35 8.22 10.86 Tin Mine 2 0.88 3.06 2.63 Tin Tail 2 6.75 0.76 5.02 Tin Tail 1 4.06 0.41 1.63 Sulfide ore concentrate 68.05 0.11 7.32 Sulfide ore 3.78 0.73 2.70 Magnetic concentrate 10.68 0.08 0.78 Ore 100.00 1.02 100.00

[0053] This comparative example adopts a conventional positive enrichment tin flotation process and uses a highly toxic salicylic acid collector. The tin grade and recovery rate of the obtained concentrate are lower than those of Example 1, wherein the grade difference of the tin concentrate is large and a high-quality tin concentrate cannot be formed. This shows that after removing carbonate gangue minerals, the present invention uses a reverse flotation method to further remove silicate gangue minerals, thereby achieving the purpose of improving quality and reducing impurities and improving the quality of cassiterite.

Claims

1. A method for beneficiating polymetallic ore cassiterite, It is characterized in that The following steps are involved: (1) After the polymetallic cassiterite is crushed and ground, it is subjected to weak magnetic separation to obtain magnetic concentrate and magnetic tailings; (2) subjecting the magnetic separation tailings after step (1) to one-rough and two-sweep desulfurization flotation to obtain sulfide ore concentrate and desulfurized tailings; (3) screening and regrinding the desulfurized tailings after step (2); (4) feeding the product after regrinding in step (3) into a flotation machine for secondary desulfurization, and then using a reverse flotation process to sequentially perform decalcification and desiliconization to obtain a tin concentrate and a secondary tin concentrate; wherein, during the decalcification process, 500-2000 g / t of a regulator B, 150-250 g / t of a depressant B, and 100-200 g / t of a collector B are added; the regulator B is one or more of lime, sodium hydroxide, and sodium carbonate; the depressant B is one of caustic starch, dextrin, carboxymethyl cellulose, and sodium lignin sulfonate; the collector B is one or more of sodium oleate, tall oil, and oxidized paraffin soap; during the desiliconization process, 2000-4000 g / t of a regulator C, 50-100 g / t of a depressant C, and 100-200 g / t of a collector C are added. g / t; the adjusting agent C is one of hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid; the inhibitor C is one of caustic starch, dextrin, carboxymethyl cellulose, and sodium lignin sulfonate; the collector C is one or more of sodium oleate, oxidized paraffin soap, dodecylamine, and sodium dodecyl sulfate.

2. The ore dressing method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that In step (1), the particle size of the ore after grinding is -200 mesh, accounting for 40%-60%.

3. The ore dressing method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that In step (1), the weak magnetic separation adopts a wet weak magnetic separator, and the magnetic field strength is 1600 to 2000 Oe.

4. The ore dressing method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that In step (2), during the one-coarse two-sweep desulfurization flotation process, 500-2000 g / t of adjusting agent A, 150-250 g / t of activating agent, 100-200 g / t of collecting agent A, and 40-60 g / t of frother are added.

5. The ore dressing method according to claim 4, It is characterized in that In step (2), the adjusting agent A is one or more of lime, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, water glass, sodium hexametaphosphate; the activating agent is one of sodium sulfide, sodium hydrosulfide, copper sulfate, and lead nitrate; the collecting agent A is one or more of ethyl xanthate, butyl xanthate, pentyl xanthate, Y89 xanthate, No. 25 black medicine, butylamine black medicine, and Z-200 agent; the foaming agent is 2 # One of oil and MIBC.

6. The ore dressing method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The particle size of the ground product after screening and re-grinding in step (3) is less than 0.1 mm.

7. The ore dressing method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, It is characterized in that In step (4), the secondary desulfurization adopts a primary roughing operation, during which butyl xanthate collector at a dosage of 50 g / t and frother 2 # Oil 10 g / t.

8. The ore dressing method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, It is characterized in that The main minerals of the polymetallic ore cassiterite include pyrite, pyrrhotite, pyrrhotite, sphalerite, cassiterite, calcite and quartz.

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