An upper skirt plate device and a processing method thereof

Abstract

The upper skirt plate device disclosed by the present invention includes a skirt plate main body, and the skirt plate main body includes a superplastic unit prepared by a superplastic forming process and a profile unit prepared by a profile extrusion process. Since the superplastic forming process is used for the superplastic unit, the internal stress of the aluminum alloy base material can be eliminated, so that the superplastic unit maintains good mechanical properties and improves the structural strength of the upper skirt plate device. Moreover, the superplastic unit and the profile unit are connected by friction stir welding. The friction stir welding has high welding strength and small welding deformation, improves the connection strength between the superplastic unit and the profile unit, and ensures the appearance quality of the upper skirt plate device. The processing method of the upper skirt plate device provided by the present invention is used to prepare the above-mentioned upper skirt plate device, and includes a main body preparation step and a skirt plate welding step.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rail transit, and more specifically, to an upper skirt plate device and a processing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In existing rail transit vehicles, mechanical and electrical equipment such as air conditioners and ventilation devices are usually provided on the top of the car bodies of high-speed multiple units and subways. The upper skirt plate device is used to provide a certain degree of protection for the roof equipment, and has the functions of improving aerodynamic performance, reducing equipment noise radiation, and meeting the requirements of aesthetic appearance. The upper skirt plate device is required not only to have sufficient strength, impact resistance, fatigue resistance, and reliability, but also to be simply installed for easy maintenance.

[0003] Currently, the upper skirt plates in the field of rail transit are basically made of composite materials formed by the SMC (Sheet Molding Compounds) process. Due to problems such as bubbles, voids, delamination, and slag falling in the manufacturing process of the upper skirt plate device, the strength of the manufactured upper skirt plate device is low, it is easy to deform, and the quality is poor.

[0004] Therefore, how to improve the structural strength of the upper skirt plate has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an upper skirt plate device to improve the structural strength of the upper skirt plate.

[0006] Another purpose of the present invention is to disclose a processing method of an upper skirt plate device for preparing the above-mentioned upper skirt plate device.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] An upper skirt plate device includes a skirt plate main body, the skirt plate main body includes a superplastic unit prepared by a superplastic forming process and a profile unit prepared by a profile extrusion process, and the superplastic unit and the profile unit are connected by friction stir welding.

[0009] Preferably, in the above upper skirt plate device, end joints are provided at both ends of the skirt plate main body, and the end joints of the skirt plate main body are used for lap joint cooperation with the end joints of the adjacent skirt plate main body.

[0010] Preferably, in the above upper skirt plate device, the end joint at one end of the skirt plate main body is a first end joint, the end joint at the other end is a second end joint, and both the first end joint and the second end joint are prepared by a numerical control processing process;

[0011] The first end joint includes a first main body connecting portion for connecting with the skirt main body and a first overlapping portion, and the first main body connecting portion is connected to the first overlapping portion;

[0012] The second end joint includes a second main body connecting portion for connecting with the skirt main body and a second overlapping portion, the second main body connecting portion is connected to the second overlapping portion, and the second overlapping portion is used for overlapping and cooperating with the first overlapping portion of the adjacent upper skirt device.

[0013] Preferably, in the above upper skirt device, both the first end joint and the second end joint are connected to the skirt main body by stainless steel countersunk head rivets; and / or,

[0014] Both the first end joint and the second end joint are connected to the skirt main body by structural adhesive.

[0015] Preferably, in the above upper skirt device, a connecting bracket for connecting with the vehicle body top bracket is arranged on the inner surface of the skirt main body.

[0016] Preferably, in the above upper skirt device, the profile unit is provided with reinforcing ribs; and / or,

[0017] One end of the superplastic unit away from the profile unit is a curved surface structure.

[0018] A processing method of an upper skirt device for preparing the above upper skirt device, comprising the steps:

[0019] Main body preparation, using a superplastic forming process to prepare the first aluminum alloy base material into the superplastic unit, and using a profile extrusion process to prepare the second aluminum alloy base material into the profile unit;

[0020] Skirt welding, welding the superplastic unit and the profile unit by friction stir welding to obtain the skirt main body.

[0021] Preferably, in the processing method of the above upper skirt device, it further includes the steps:

[0022] Joint preparation, using a numerical control machining process to prepare the third aluminum alloy base material into the first end joint and the second end joint;

[0023] Joint installation, arranging the first end joint and the second end joint at both ends of the skirt main body respectively by a riveting process and / or an adhesive process.

[0024] Preferably, in the processing method of the above upper skirt device, between the joint preparation step and the joint installation step, it further includes the steps:

[0025] Joint heat treatment, heat-treat the first end joint and the second end joint to eliminate internal residual stress.

[0026] Preferably, the processing method of the upper skirt plate device described above further includes the steps of:

[0027] Bracket installation, install the connecting bracket on the inner surface of the skirt plate main body by using a riveting process and / or an adhesive process.

[0028] The upper skirt plate device provided by the present invention includes a skirt plate main body, and the skirt plate main body includes a superplastic unit prepared by a superplastic forming process and a profile unit prepared by a profile extrusion process. The superplastic unit and the profile unit are generally prepared using an aluminum alloy base material. Since the superplastic unit uses the superplastic forming process, the internal stress of the aluminum alloy base material can be eliminated, enabling the superplastic unit to maintain good mechanical properties and improving the structural strength of the upper skirt plate device. Moreover, the superplastic unit and the profile unit are connected by friction stir welding. Compared with the arc welding in the prior art, friction stir welding has high welding strength and small welding deformation, improving the connection strength between the superplastic unit and the profile unit and ensuring the appearance quality of the upper skirt plate device. At the same time, the skirt plate main body is prepared by using the superplastic forming process and the profile extrusion process, avoiding the problem of low structural strength of the upper skirt plate device caused by bubbles, voids, delamination, slag dropping, etc. during the manufacturing process.

[0029] The processing method of the upper skirt plate device provided by the present invention is used to prepare the above-mentioned upper skirt plate device, and includes a main body preparation step and a skirt plate welding step. In the main body preparation step, a first aluminum alloy base material is prepared into a superplastic unit by using a superplastic forming process, and a second aluminum alloy base material is prepared into a profile unit by using a profile extrusion process. In the skirt plate welding step, the superplastic unit and the profile unit are welded by friction stir welding to obtain the above-mentioned skirt plate main body. Since the prepared skirt plate main body is the above-mentioned skirt plate main body, it also has the above-mentioned advantages and will not be elaborated here. Description of the Drawings

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0031] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the processing method of the upper skirt plate device disclosed in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a flowchart of the processing method of the upper skirt plate device disclosed in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 Flow chart of the processing method of the upper skirt plate device disclosed in Embodiment III of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 Flow chart of the processing method of the upper skirt plate device disclosed in Embodiment IV of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 Axonometric view of the upper skirt plate device disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 Side view of the skirt plate main body disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 Structural schematic diagram of the first end joint disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 Structural schematic diagram of the second end joint disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 9 Partial structural schematic diagram of the upper skirt plate device disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Among them, 110 is the first end joint, 111 is the first main body connecting part, 112 is the first overlapping part, 113 is the bonding seam, 114 is the riveting hole, 120 is the second end joint, 121 is the second main body connecting part, 122 is the second overlapping part, 130 is the skirt plate main body, 131 is the superplastic unit, 132 is the profile unit, and 140 is the connecting bracket. Detailed implementation manners

[0041] The core of the present invention lies in disclosing an upper skirt plate device to improve the structural strength of the upper skirt plate.

[0042] Another core of the present invention lies in disclosing a processing method of the upper skirt plate device for preparing the above-mentioned upper skirt plate device.

[0043] Hereinafter, the embodiments will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, the embodiments shown below do not limit the content of the invention described in the claims in any way. Further, all the contents of the configurations shown in the following embodiments are not necessarily essential to the solution of the invention described in the claims.

[0044] The upper skirt plate device is used to protect the roof equipment, which can prevent the roof equipment from being impacted by objects during the vehicle operation to ensure the safe operation of the vehicle. At the same time, it can also reduce the air resistance during the vehicle operation and enhance the aesthetic degree of the vehicle. However, the existing upper skirt plate device has relatively low structural strength. In view of this, the inventors of the present application have proposed an upper skirt plate device, and the specific content is as follows.

[0045] Combined with Figure 5 andFigure 6 The upper skirt panel device disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention includes a skirt panel body 130, and the skirt panel body 130 includes a superplastic unit 131 prepared by a superplastic forming process and a profile unit 132 prepared by a profile extrusion process. The superplastic unit 131 and the profile unit 132 are generally prepared using an aluminum alloy substrate. In this embodiment, the skirt panel body 130 is divided into two parts. The lower part of the skirt panel body 130 after being installed on the roof cannot be prepared by a superplastic forming process due to its large structural cross-section changes. Therefore, this part is prepared by a profile extrusion process, that is, this part is the profile unit 132; the upper part of the skirt panel body 130 after being installed on the roof can be prepared by a superplastic forming process due to its relatively simple structure, that is, this part is the superplastic unit 131.

[0046] Since the superplastic unit uses a superplastic forming process, it can eliminate the internal stress of the aluminum alloy substrate, so that the superplastic unit 131 maintains good mechanical properties and improves the structural strength of the upper skirt device. The superplastic unit 131 and the profile unit 132 are connected by stir friction welding. Compared with arc welding in the prior art, stir friction welding has high welding strength and small welding deformation, which improves the connection strength between the superplastic unit 131 and the profile unit 132 and ensures the appearance quality of the upper skirt device. At the same time, the superplastic forming process and the profile extrusion process are used to prepare the skirt body, which avoids the problem of low structural strength of the upper skirt device caused by bubbles, voids, delamination and slag during the SMC molding process.

[0047] In Example 1 disclosed in the present invention, by controlling the temperature to 320°C and the strain rate to (4.8x10 -3 )s -1 , so that the ductility of the aluminum alloy substrate is increased from 20% to 480%, and a superplastic unit 131 with better mechanical properties is obtained.

[0048] In Example 2 disclosed in the present invention, by controlling the temperature to 360°C and the strain rate to (5x10 -3 )s -1 , so that the ductility of the aluminum alloy substrate is increased from 20% to 500%, and a superplastic unit 131 with better mechanical properties is obtained.

[0049] In Example 3 disclosed in the present invention, by controlling the temperature to 400°C and the strain rate to (5.2x10 -3 )s -1 , so that the ductility of the aluminum alloy substrate is increased from 20% to 520%, and a superplastic unit 131 with better mechanical properties is obtained.

[0050] According to the above embodiment, the temperature can be controlled to be 320℃~400℃ and the strain rate to be (4.8x10 -3 )s -1~(5.2 x 10 -3 ) s -1 , the ductility of the aluminum alloy substrate can be improved, and the superplastic unit 131 with better mechanical properties can be obtained.

[0051] Since the bodies of some vehicles are relatively long, multiple upper skirt plate devices need to cooperate with each other to protect the roof equipment. In order to achieve the connection and cooperation between adjacent upper skirt plate devices, end joints are provided at both ends of the skirt plate body 130. The end joints of the skirt plate body 130 are used for overlapping and cooperating with the end joints of the adjacent skirt plate body 130.

[0052] Due to the shape feature of the end joint having a three-dimensional curved surface, it is impossible to use extruded profiles for manufacturing. The end joint disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention can be made of thick aluminum plates processed by a numerically controlled machine tool, and corresponding heat treatment is carried out after machining to eliminate the residual stress inside, so as to enhance the strength and toughness of the end joint, and further improve the anti-impact and vibration resistance ability of the upper skirt plate device during vehicle operation. The use of numerical control processing technology can speed up the production cycle and reduce production costs.

[0053] In a specific embodiment disclosed by the present invention, the end joint of the skirt plate body 130 includes a first end joint 110 located at one end of the skirt plate body 130 and a second end joint 120 located at the other end. Combining Figure 7 and Figure 8 , the first end joint 110 includes a first main body connecting portion 111 for connecting with the skirt plate body 130 and a first overlapping portion 112. The first main body connecting portion 111 is connected to the first overlapping portion 112. The first main body connecting portion 111 and the first overlapping portion 112 are arranged in a stepped manner, that is, the first main body connecting portion 111 and the first overlapping portion 112 are parallel, and there is a certain height difference between the two. The height difference between the two is connected by a transition plate.

[0054] The second end joint 120 includes a second main body connecting portion 121 for connecting with the skirt plate body 130 and a second overlapping portion 122. The second overlapping portion 122 is a folding plate connected to one side surface of the second main body connecting portion 121. This folding plate can be perpendicular to the second main body connecting portion 121, and its height is used to compensate for the height difference between the first main body connecting portion 111 and the first overlapping portion 112.

[0055] The second overlapping portion 122 is used for overlapping and cooperating with the first overlapping portion 112 of the first end joint 110 of the adjacent skirt plate body 130. After the second overlapping portion 122 overlaps on the first overlapping portion 112, the first main body connecting portion 111 and the second main body connecting portion 121 are located on the same surface.

[0056] The upper skirt plate device disclosed in the implementation of the present invention has a simple structure and is easy to install. After the first upper skirt plate device is installed on the vehicle roof, when installing the second upper skirt plate device adjacent to the first upper skirt plate device, the second overlapping portion 122 of the second upper skirt plate device can be first overlapped on the first overlapping portion 112 of the first upper skirt plate device, and then the second upper skirt plate device is fixed.

[0057] In a specific embodiment disclosed by the present invention, both the first end joint 110 and the second end joint 120 are prepared by a numerical control processing technology. Both the first end joint 110 and the second end joint 120 are connected to the skirt plate main body 130 by stainless steel countersunk head rivets. It should be noted that the first end joint 110 and the second end joint 120 can also be connected to the skirt plate main body 130 by structural adhesives, or stainless steel countersunk head rivets and structural adhesives are used simultaneously to connect to the skirt plate main body 130, so as to improve the structural strength and reduce the deformation generated during the manufacturing process.

[0058] Combined with Figure 9 , riveting holes 114 are provided at the corresponding positions of the skirt plate main body 130 and the end joint. When installing the end joint on the skirt plate main body 130, first use stainless steel countersunk head rivets to rivet the end joint and the skirt plate main body 130 tightly through the riveting holes 114, and use structural adhesives to bond firmly at the contact position between the end joint and the upper skirt plate to form an adhesive joint 113. Finally, the stainless steel countersunk head rivets are polished smoothly to obtain a relatively smooth surface. Using the riveting process and the bonding process simultaneously to connect the skirt plate main body 130 and the end joint can ensure the firm connection between the end joint and the skirt plate main body 130, ensure the surface quality of the upper skirt plate device, improve the aesthetics, and the use of structural adhesives can improve the anti-impact and vibration performance of the upper skirt plate device.

[0059] In order to enhance the reliability of the connection between the upper skirt plate device and the vehicle body top, a connection bracket 140 for connecting with the vehicle body top bracket is provided on the inner surface of the skirt plate main body 130. Both the connection bracket 140 and the end joint can be prepared using aluminum alloy as the base material, so as to have a metallic texture and improve the appearance quality of the upper skirt plate device. And the connection bracket 140 can also be prepared by a numerical control processing technology. The connection between the connection bracket 140 and the skirt plate main body 130 can also adopt a similar method to the end joint, which will not be elaborated here. The connection bracket 140 can be fixed after the upper skirt plate device is placed in the correct installation position and the end joints of two adjacent upper skirt plate devices are overlapped.

[0060] In order to enhance the structural strength of the skirt plate main body 130, the profile unit 132 is provided with reinforcing ribs. Since the bottom forming angle of the profile unit 132 is too small and the size of the reinforcing ribs is also small, it is impossible to use the superplastic forming process for preparation, so the relatively mature profile extrusion process can be used for production.

[0061] Combined withFigure 6 The reinforcing ribs of the two semi-cylinders can improve the stiffness of the skirt board main body 130 to resist the deformation of the upper skirt board device during processing, transportation and vehicle operation. Moreover, one end of the superplastic unit 131 away from the profile unit 132 is a curved surface structure, and the curved surface structure of the superplastic unit 131 is used to extend towards the vehicle body to provide a certain degree of protection for the roof equipment.

[0062] Combined with Figure 1 , the embodiment of the present invention also discloses a processing method for the upper skirt board device for preparing the above-mentioned upper skirt board device, including the steps:

[0063] S10. Main body preparation;

[0064] The first aluminum alloy base material is prepared into the superplastic unit 131 by the superplastic forming process, and the second aluminum alloy base material is prepared into the profile unit 132 by the profile extrusion process. By using the superplastic forming process, the internal stress of the first aluminum alloy base material can be eliminated, so that the superplastic unit 131 maintains good mechanical properties and improves the structural strength of the upper skirt board device. The profile extrusion process can prepare a profile unit 132 with reinforcing ribs and a small bottom forming angle α structure.

[0065] S20. Skirt board welding;

[0066] The superplastic unit 131 and the profile unit 132 are welded by friction stir welding to obtain the skirt board main body 130. Friction stir welding has small welding deformation and high structural strength.

[0067] Further, in order to install the end joints to the skirt board main body 130, as Figure 2 shown, the processing method of the upper skirt board device further includes the steps:

[0068] S30. Joint preparation;

[0069] The third aluminum alloy base material is prepared into the first end joint 110 and the second end joint 120 by the numerical control machining process. The numerical control machining process has the advantages of shortening the production cycle and reducing the production cost.

[0070] S40. Joint installation;

[0071] The first end joint 110 and the second end joint 120 are respectively arranged at both ends of the skirt board main body 130 by the riveting process and / or the bonding process. Using the riveting process and the bonding process simultaneously can improve the structural strength and reduce the deformation generated during the manufacturing process.

[0072] Further, as Figure 3 shown, in order to enhance the structural strength of the end joints, between the joint preparation step and the joint installation step, there is also a step:

[0073] S50, Joint heat treatment;

[0074] The first end joint 110 and the second end joint 120 are heat treated to eliminate internal residual stresses.

[0075] Combined Figure 4 , after the first end joint 110 and the second end joint 120 are installed on the skirt main body 130, the connecting bracket 140 can be installed on the skirt main body 130 through step S60.

[0076] S60, Bracket installation;

[0077] The connecting bracket 140 is arranged on the surface of the skirt main body 130 by using a riveting process and / or an adhesive process.

[0078] It should be noted that step S60 only needs to be set after step S20, and is not limited to being set after step S40. The positions of step S30 and step S50 can also be adjusted according to actual situations, and are not limited to the order disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0079] The terms "first" and "second" in the specification, claims and above-mentioned drawings of the present invention are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order. In addition, the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may include steps or units that are not listed.

[0080] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An upper skirt plate device, characterized in that, It includes a skirt board main body (130), and the skirt board main body (130) includes a superplastic unit (131) prepared by a superplastic forming process and a profile unit (132) prepared by a profile extrusion process. The superplastic unit (131) and the profile unit (132) are connected by friction stir welding; Both ends of the skirt board main body (130) are provided with end joints, and the end joints of the skirt board main body (130) are used for lapping and cooperating with the end joints of the adjacent skirt board main body (130); The end joint at one end of the skirt board main body (130) is a first end joint (110), and the end joint at the other end is a second end joint (120), and both the first end joint (110) and the second end joint (120) are prepared by a numerical control machining process; The first end joint (110) includes a first main body connecting portion (111) for connecting with the skirt board main body (130) and a first lapping portion (112), and the first main body connecting portion (111) is connected to the first lapping portion (112); The second end joint (120) includes a second main body connecting portion (121) for connecting with the skirt board main body (130) and a second lapping portion (122), the second main body connecting portion (121) is connected to the second lapping portion (122), and the second lapping portion (122) is used for lapping and cooperating with the first lapping portion (112) of the adjacent upper skirt board device; Both the first end joint (110) and the second end joint (120) are connected to the skirt board main body (130) by stainless steel countersunk head rivets; and / or, both the first end joint (110) and the second end joint (120) are connected to the skirt board main body (130) by structural adhesive.

2. The upper skirt plate device according to claim 1, characterized in that A connecting bracket (140) for connecting with a vehicle body top bracket is arranged on the inner surface of the skirt board main body (130).

3. The upper skirt plate device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The profile unit (132) is provided with reinforcing ribs; and / or, One end of the superplastic unit (131) away from the profile unit (132) is a curved surface structure.

4. A processing method for an upper skirt plate device, used to prepare the upper skirt plate device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It includes steps: Main body preparation, preparing the first aluminum alloy base material into the superplastic unit (131) by a superplastic forming process, and preparing the second aluminum alloy base material into the profile unit (132) by a profile extrusion process; Skirt board welding, welding the superplastic unit (131) and the profile unit (132) by friction stir welding to obtain the skirt board main body (130).

5. The processing method of the upper skirt plate device according to claim 4, characterized in that, It further includes steps: Joint preparation, preparing the third aluminum alloy base material into the first end joint (110) and the second end joint (120) by a numerical control machining process; Joint installation, respectively arranging the first end joint (110) and the second end joint (120) at both ends of the skirt board main body (130) by a riveting process and / or an adhesive bonding process.

6. The processing method of the upper skirt plate device according to claim 5, characterized in that, Between the joint preparation step and the joint installation step, it further includes steps: Joint heat treatment, heat treating the first end joint (110) and the second end joint (120) to eliminate internal residual stresses.

7. The processing method of the upper skirt plate device according to claim 4, characterized in that, It further includes the steps of: Bracket installation, disposing the connecting bracket (140) on the surface of the skirt body (130) by means of a riveting process and / or an adhesive process.

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