A two-stage backlash-eliminating gear transmission mechanism with a small module and a large transmission ratio

Abstract

The present invention discloses a two-stage anti-backlash gear transmission mechanism with a small modulus and a large transmission ratio, which belongs to the field of mechanical design of optoelectronic equipment; it includes a driving module, a gear transmission module, a main bracket and a pitch bracket; the gear transmission module is rotatably connected to the main bracket, and the execution of the rotation transmission action is controlled by the driving module; the pitch bracket is installed on the end face of the final gear of the gear transmission module; and an anti-backlash component is arranged in the gear transmission module for eliminating the transmission gap. The two-stage gear set of the present invention is composed of two upper and lower gears, respectively, and the gaps in the transmission process are eliminated by tension springs and torsion springs respectively. The gear transmission module is designed with a small modulus and a large transmission ratio, and a motor with a small torque is used. Through the transmission mechanism, a large torque can be generated, and the spatial size of the gear transmission mechanism is reduced. The large pitch gear is both a part of the transmission mechanism and a supporting structure, which reduces the height, weight and turning radius of the transmission components.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of mechanical design of optoelectronic devices, and particularly relates to a two-stage backlash-eliminating gear transmission mechanism with a small module and a large transmission ratio. Background Art

[0002] The transmission of rotation between parts is one of the most common designs in optoelectronic products. In traditional external azimuth and external pitch transmission mechanisms, a first-stage gear is driven by a motor for transmission. In this type of transmission mechanism, due to the large weight and size of the motor and the gear, it is relatively bulky, wastes space, and there is a gap during the forward and reverse rotation of the gear, which affects the transmission accuracy and thus the performance parameters of the optoelectronic product. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Technical Problems to be Solved

[0004] In order to avoid the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a two-stage backlash-eliminating gear transmission mechanism with a small module and a large transmission ratio. The upper gear set is driven by a motor gear to rotate around the gear shaft, and the gear shaft drives the lower gear set to drive the pitch large gear to rotate. The upper and lower gear sets are respectively composed of two upper and lower gears, and the internal gaps during the transmission process are eliminated by tension springs and torsion springs respectively. And a design of a small module and a large transmission ratio is carried out. A motor with a smaller torque is used, and through the transmission mechanism, a larger torque can be generated, and the space size of the gear transmission mechanism is reduced. The upper and lower gear sets of the two-stage gear transmission respectively use a tension spring and a torsion spring to eliminate backlash and transmission gaps, improving the transmission accuracy. The pitch large gear is not only a part of the transmission mechanism but also the support structure of the pitch small bracket and the pitch large bracket, reducing the height, weight and radius of gyration of the transmission components.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is: a two-stage backlash-eliminating gear transmission mechanism with a small module and a large transmission ratio, including a drive module, a gear transmission module, a main bracket and a pitch bracket; the gear transmission module is rotatably connected to the main bracket, and the execution of the rotation transmission action is controlled by the drive module; the pitch bracket is installed on the end face of the final-stage gear of the gear transmission module;

[0006] A backlash-eliminating component is arranged in the gear transmission module for eliminating the transmission gap.

[0007] A further technical solution of the present invention is: the gear transmission module includes an input gear, an upper gear set, a gear shaft, a lower gear set, and a pitch large gear. The input gear is installed on the output shaft of the drive module. The upper gear set and the lower gear set are respectively rotatably connected to both ends of the main bracket through the gear shaft, and the upper gear set meshes with the input gear; the pitch large gear is rotatably connected to the main bracket and meshes with the lower gear set, serving as the final-stage gear of the gear transmission module; the center lines of the output shaft of the drive module, the gear shaft, and the rotation shaft of the pitch large gear are all parallelly arranged.

[0008] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the upper gear set includes an upper floating gear, an upper fixed gear and an upper backlash elimination component. A cylindrical boss is provided in the middle of the upper end of the upper fixed gear, and a gear shaft mounting hole is opened along the central axis. An annular groove is opened on the circumferential surface of the cylindrical boss; the upper floating gear is sleeved on the cylindrical boss through its central hole with a clearance fit, and the axial displacement is restricted by a snap ring installed in the annular groove;

[0009] The upper backlash elimination component is arranged between the upper floating gear and the upper fixed gear, so that the input gear meshes with the upper gear set without clearance.

[0010] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the upper backlash elimination component includes two tension springs; tension spring mounting grooves are symmetrically arranged at the same positions on the end faces of the upper floating gear and the upper fixed gear, and the two tension springs are installed in the mounting grooves on both sides in the opposite directions, that is, the upper end of the first tension spring is connected to one end of the tension spring mounting groove of the upper floating gear, and the lower end is connected to the other end of the tension spring mounting groove of the same position of the upper fixed gear. The second tension spring has the opposite installation direction to the first tension spring;

[0011] When the upper floating gear rotates around the upper fixed gear, the tension springs are stretched and pre-tightened.

[0012] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the main body of the gear shaft is a cylindrical shaft, which penetrates through the main bracket. Its upper end extends out of the main bracket and is coaxially fixedly connected to the upper fixed gear, and an output gear is coaxially installed on the part of the lower end extending out of the main bracket.

[0013] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the lower gear set includes a lower floating gear and a lower backlash elimination component. The lower floating gear is coaxially sleeved on the outer end cylindrical shaft of the output gear and is limited by a snap ring;

[0014] The lower backlash elimination component is arranged between the output gear and the lower floating gear, so that the lower gear set meshes with the pitch large gear without clearance.

[0015] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the lower backlash elimination component includes a torsion spring; torsion spring mounting grooves are opened circumferentially on the opposite surfaces of the output gear and the lower floating gear, and both ends of the torsion spring are respectively fixed in the torsion spring mounting grooves on both sides; when the lower floating gear rotates around the output gear, the torsion spring is torsionally pre-tightened.

[0016] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the module of the gear transmission module is 0.4, and the transmission ratio of the entire two-stage transmission mechanism is 1:72, realizing a transmission with a small module and a large transmission ratio.

[0017] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the pitch bracket includes a pitch small bracket and a pitch large bracket. The pitch small bracket and the pitch large bracket are symmetrically installed on the outer end face of the pitch large gear, and the pitch large gear is used as a support structure.

[0018] A further technical solution of the present invention is that: the driving module is a motor, and the output gear is a motor gear.

[0019] Installation and working process:

[0020] When the upper gear set is assembled, the upper floating gear rotates around the upper fixed gear to realize the stretching and preloading of the tension spring. The snap ring prevents the upper floating gear from disengaging from the upper fixed gear. After preloading, the two adjacent teeth of the upper floating gear and the upper fixed gear of the upper gear set clamp the teeth on the motor gear. When the motor gear rotates forward and backward, the motor gear can be meshed with the upper gear set without clearance, eliminating the transmission clearance, thereby improving the transmission accuracy.

[0021] When the lower gear set is assembled, the lower floating gear rotates around the gear shaft to realize the torsional preloading of the torsion spring. The snap ring prevents the lower floating gear from disengaging from the gear shaft. After preloading, the two adjacent teeth of the gear shaft and the lower floating gear of the lower gear set clamp the teeth on the pitch large gear. When the lower gear set rotates forward and backward, the lower gear set can be meshed with the pitch large gear without clearance, eliminating the transmission clearance, thereby improving the transmission accuracy.

[0022] The motor gear drives the upper gear set to rotate around the central axis of the gear shaft. The gear shaft drives the lower gear set to drive the pitch large gear to rotate. The pitch small bracket and the pitch large bracket are respectively fixed on both sides of the pitch large gear and rotate together with the pitch large gear. The pitch large gear is not only a part of the transmission mechanism but also the installation and support structure of the pitch small bracket and the pitch large bracket, reducing the height, weight and turning radius of the transmission components.

[0023] Beneficial effects

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: Compared with the external azimuth and external pitch transmission mechanisms of traditional optoelectronic products, which use a single-stage gear for transmission, the present invention uses a two-stage backlash-eliminating gear transmission with a small module and a large transmission ratio, and has the following advantages:

[0025] 1. The module of the transmission gear set is 0.4, and the transmission ratio of the entire two-stage transmission mechanism is 1:72. By selecting a motor with a smaller torque and through the transmission ratio of the transmission mechanism, a larger torque can be generated, realizing a transmission with a small module and a large transmission ratio.

[0026] 2. When the upper gear set is assembled, the upper floating gear rotates around the upper fixed gear to realize the stretching and preloading of the tension spring. After preloading, the two adjacent teeth of the upper floating gear and the upper fixed gear of the upper gear set clamp the teeth on the motor gear. When the motor gear rotates forward and backward, the motor gear can be meshed with the upper gear set without clearance, eliminating the transmission clearance, thereby improving the transmission accuracy.

[0027] 3. When the lower gear set is assembled, the lower floating gear rotates around the gear shaft to achieve torsional pre-tightening of the torsion spring. After pre-tightening, the gear shaft on the lower gear set and the two adjacent teeth of the lower floating gear clamp the teeth on the pitch gear. When the lower gear set rotates forward and reverse, the lower gear set can mesh with the pitch gear without gap, eliminating the transmission gap and thus improving the transmission accuracy.

[0028] 4. The large pitch gear is not only a part of the transmission mechanism, but also the supporting structure of the small pitch bracket and the large pitch bracket, which reduces the height, weight and turning radius of the transmission parts.

[0029] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description, and the beneficial parts will become obvious from the following description, or will be learned through the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 : is an axonometric view of a two-stage anti-backlash gear transmission mechanism with a small module and a large transmission ratio according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 : is a bottom view of a two-stage anti-backlash gear transmission mechanism with a small modulus and a large transmission ratio according to the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 : is a schematic diagram of a gear set of a two-stage anti-backlash gear transmission mechanism with a small modulus and a large transmission ratio of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 : is a schematic diagram of an upper gear set of a two-stage anti-backlash gear transmission mechanism with a small modulus and a large transmission ratio of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 : It is a schematic diagram of the lower gear set of a two-stage anti-backlash gear transmission mechanism with a small module and a large transmission ratio of the present invention.

[0035] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 1. Motor, 2. Motor gear, 3. Upper gear set, 4. Tension spring, 5. Gear shaft, 6. Retaining spring, 7. Main bracket, 8. Small pitch bracket, 9. Large pitch gear, 10. Lower gear set, 11. Large pitch bracket, 12. Torsion spring, 13. Upper floating gear, 14. Upper fixed gear, 15. Lower floating gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the present invention.

[0038] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a two-stage backlash-eliminating gear transmission mechanism with a small module and a large transmission ratio in this embodiment includes a motor 1, a motor gear 2, an upper gear set 3, a tension spring 4, a gear shaft 5, a snap ring 6, a main bracket 7, a pitching small bracket 8, a pitching large gear 9, a lower gear set 10, a pitching large bracket 11, and a torsion spring 12. The main bracket 7 serves as the supporting component of the entire mechanism.

[0039] The motor 1 is installed on the main bracket 7, and a motor gear 2 is fixedly installed on its output shaft. The upper gear set 3 and the lower gear set 10 are respectively rotatably connected to the upper and lower ends of the main bracket 7 through the gear shaft 5, and the upper gear set 3 meshes with the motor gear 2; the pitching large gear 9 is rotatably connected to the main bracket 7 and meshes with the lower gear set 10; the motor gear 2 drives the upper gear set 3 to rotate around the gear shaft 5, the gear shaft 5 drives the lower gear set 10 to drive the pitching large gear 9, and the pitching small bracket 8 and the pitching large bracket 11 are respectively fixed on two sides of the pitching large gear 9 and rotate together with the pitching large gear 9.

[0040] The upper gear set 3 is composed of two gears, and the two gears are connected by a tension spring 4 inside for backlash elimination. The lower gear set 10 is composed of two gears, and the two gears are connected by a torsion spring 12 inside for backlash elimination.

[0041] Referring to Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the upper gear set 3 is composed of an upper floating gear 13, an upper fixed gear 14, a tension spring 4, and a snap ring 6. A cylindrical boss is provided in the middle of the upper end of the upper fixed gear, and a gear shaft mounting hole is opened along the central axis. An annular groove is opened on the circumferential surface of the cylindrical boss; the upper floating gear is sleeved on the cylindrical boss through its central hole with a clearance fit, and the axial displacement is restricted by a snap ring installed in the annular groove; tension spring mounting grooves are symmetrically provided at the same positions on the end faces of the upper floating gear 13 and the upper fixed gear 14, and two tension springs 4 are installed in the mounting grooves on both sides in the opposite direction, that is, the upper end of the first tension spring is connected to one end of the tension spring mounting groove of the upper floating gear, and the lower end is connected to the other end of the tension spring mounting groove at the same position of the upper fixed gear. The second tension spring is installed in the opposite direction to the first tension spring.

[0042] During assembly, the upper floating gear 13 rotates around the upper fixed gear 14 to achieve tensile pre-tightening of the tension spring 4. The retaining spring 6 prevents the upper floating gear 13 from escaping from the upper fixed gear 14. After pre-tightening, the two adjacent teeth of the upper floating gear 13 and the upper fixed gear 14 of the upper gear group 3 clamp the teeth on the motor gear 2. When the motor gear 2 rotates forward and reverse, the motor gear 2 can mesh with the upper gear group 3 without gap, eliminating the transmission gap, thereby improving the transmission accuracy.

[0043] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the main body of the gear shaft 5 is a cylindrical shaft that passes through the main bracket, and its upper end extends out of the main bracket and is coaxially fixedly connected to the upper fixed gear, and the lower end extends out of the main bracket and is coaxially installed with an output gear.

[0044] The lower gear set 10 is composed of a gear shaft 5, a retaining spring 6, a torsion spring 12 and a lower floating gear 15. The lower floating gear 15 is coaxially sleeved on the outer cylindrical shaft of the output gear and is limited by the retaining spring 6. The output gear and the lower floating gear 15 are provided with torsion spring installation grooves along the circumferential direction on the opposite surfaces thereof. The two ends of the torsion spring 12 are respectively fixed in the torsion spring installation grooves on both sides.

[0045] During assembly, the lower floating gear 15 rotates around the gear shaft 5 to achieve torsional pre-tightening of the torsion spring 12. The retaining spring 6 prevents the lower floating gear 15 from escaping from the gear shaft 5. After pre-tightening, the gear shaft 5 on the lower gear set 10 and the two adjacent teeth of the lower floating gear 15 clamp the teeth on the pitch gear 9. When the lower gear set 10 rotates forward and reverse, the lower gear set 10 can mesh with the pitch gear 9 without gap, eliminating the transmission gap, thereby improving the transmission accuracy.

[0046] The module of the transmission gear set is 0.4, and the transmission ratio of the entire two-stage transmission mechanism is 1:72, realizing small module and large transmission ratio transmission.

[0047] The upper gear set 3 and the lower gear set 10 rotate around the central axis of the gear shaft 5, wherein the gear shaft 5 is arranged in parallel with the axis of the motor 1 to reduce the space size.

[0048] The pitch gear 9 is a part of the transmission mechanism and also serves as a mounting support structure for the pitch small bracket 8 and the pitch large bracket 11, thereby reducing the height, weight and turning radius of the transmission components.

[0049] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention without departing from the principles and intent of the present invention.

Claims

1. A two-stage backlash-eliminating gear transmission mechanism with a small module and a large transmission ratio, characterized in that: it includes a driving module, a gear transmission module, a main bracket and a pitching bracket; the gear transmission module is rotatably connected to the main bracket, and the execution of the rotation transmission action is controlled by the driving module; the pitching bracket is installed on the end face of the final-stage gear of the gear transmission module; a backlash-eliminating component is arranged in the gear transmission module for eliminating the transmission gap; the gear transmission module includes an input gear, an upper gear set, a gear shaft, a lower gear set, and a pitching large gear. The input gear is installed on the output shaft of the driving module. The upper gear set and the lower gear set are respectively rotatably connected to both ends of the main bracket through the gear shaft, and the upper gear set meshes with the input gear; the pitching large gear is rotatably connected to the main bracket and meshes with the lower gear set as the final-stage gear of the gear transmission module; the center lines of the output shaft of the driving module, the gear shaft, and the rotation shaft of the pitching large gear are all parallel; the upper gear set includes an upper floating gear, an upper fixed gear, and an upper backlash-eliminating component. A cylindrical boss is arranged in the middle of the upper end of the upper fixed gear, and a gear shaft installation hole is opened along the central axis. An annular groove is opened on the circumferential surface of the cylindrical boss; the upper floating gear is sleeved on the cylindrical boss through its central hole with a clearance fit, and the axial displacement is restricted by a snap ring installed in the annular groove; the upper backlash-eliminating component is arranged between the upper floating gear and the upper fixed gear to make the input gear mesh with the upper gear set without clearance; the main body of the gear shaft is a cylindrical shaft, passing through the main bracket. Its upper end extends out of the main bracket and is coaxially fixedly connected to the upper fixed gear, and the part of the lower end extending out of the main bracket is coaxially installed with an output gear; the lower gear set includes a lower floating gear and a lower backlash-eliminating component. The lower floating gear is coaxially sleeved on the outer end cylindrical shaft of the output gear and is limited by a snap ring; the lower backlash-eliminating component is arranged between the output gear and the lower floating gear to make the lower gear set mesh with the pitching large gear without clearance.

2. The two-stage backlash-eliminating gear transmission mechanism with a small module and a large transmission ratio according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper backlash-eliminating component includes two tension springs; tension spring installation grooves are symmetrically arranged at the same positions on the end faces of the upper floating gear and the upper fixed gear, and the two tension springs are installed in the installation grooves on both sides in the reverse direction, that is, the upper end of the first tension spring is connected to one end of the tension spring installation groove of the upper floating gear, and the lower end is connected to the other end of the tension spring installation groove of the same position of the upper fixed gear. The second tension spring has the opposite installation direction to the first tension spring; when the upper floating gear rotates around the upper fixed gear, the tension springs are stretched and pre-tightened.

3. The two-stage backlash-eliminating gear transmission mechanism with a small module and a large transmission ratio according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lower backlash-eliminating component includes a torsion spring; torsion spring installation grooves are opened along the circumference on the opposite faces of the output gear and the lower floating gear, and the two ends of the torsion spring are respectively fixed in the torsion spring installation grooves on both sides; when the lower floating gear rotates around the output gear, the torsion spring is twisted and pre-tightened.

4. The two-stage backlash-eliminating gear transmission mechanism with a small module and a large transmission ratio according to claim 1, characterized in that: The module of the gear transmission module is 0.4, and the transmission ratio of the entire two-stage transmission mechanism is 1:72, achieving a transmission with a small module and a large transmission ratio.

5. A two-stage backlash-eliminating gear transmission mechanism with a small module and a large transmission ratio according to claim 1, wherein: the pitching bracket includes a pitching small bracket and a pitching large bracket, and the pitching small bracket and the pitching large bracket are symmetrically installed on the outer end surface of the pitching large gear, using the pitching large gear as a support structure.

6. A two-stage backlash-eliminating gear transmission mechanism with a small module and a large transmission ratio according to claim 1, wherein: the driving module is a motor, and the output gear is a motor gear.

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