Far field uniform explosion load simulation loading device and test method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of far-field uniform explosion load simulation loading device and test method, including explosion chamber, suspension piece, rectifier tube, target structure, pressure sensor, laser vibration meter and display terminal;Explosion chamber one end is open, the other end is connected rectifier tube, explosion chamber inner cavity and rectifier tube inner cavity are through;Suspension piece is set in explosion chamber top, and suspension piece can move back and forth along rectifier tube axis direction;Rectifier tube is used to shape explosion shock wave;Target structure is connected at the end of rectifier tube, pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure load of target structure surface, laser vibration meter is aimed at target structure, for measuring the structure response of target structure;The loading device of the application has the function of adjustable pressure peak value and specific impulse, can be used to carry out the damage effect research of target structure under the combined action of different pressure peak value, specific impulse, can provide support for the damage research of typical target structure under large equivalent charge far-field explosion load.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of explosion damage technology, specifically relating to a far-field uniformly distributed explosion load simulation device and test method. Background Technology

[0002] Depending on the distance between the munition and the target, the explosive load on the target structure surface often exhibits different characteristics. For example, when the munition detonates at close range, the explosive load on the structural surface is characterized by non-uniform spatiotemporal distribution, with a high overpressure peak and short pulse width; while when the munition is far from the target, the explosive load on the structural surface is often uniformly distributed, with a low overpressure peak and long pulse width. Existing research shows that for high-yield munitions, far-field explosive loads can still have a significant destructive effect on targets such as vehicles and buildings. Therefore, it is meaningful to conduct research on the failure mechanism of structures under low-peak-value, long-pulse-width, and uniformly distributed far-field explosive loads. However, research on the destructive effects of far-field munition explosions on structures faces problems such as high experimental costs, long cycles, high implementation difficulty, and inability to conduct large-scale studies. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a far-field explosive load simulation device with controllable load and establish corresponding experimental methods.

[0003] Currently, several uniformly distributed explosive load simulation devices and methods have been developed both domestically and internationally. Domestically, the Third Military Medical University has a biological shock tube with a length L = 43m and an inner diameter Ф = 1m, primarily for research on biological targets. The 204th Ordnance Equipment Factory has high-pressure shock tube devices with diameters of 100mm and 50mm, capable of conducting damage tests on small-sized structures. The Third Research Institute of the General Staff Engineering Corps has built a 42m long, 340-ton anti-blast shock tube for conducting simulated nuclear explosion damage tests on large targets. A research institute in Germany has built a square-opening shock wave loading device with a loading section width of 2.5m. This device achieves parameterized control of the shock wave peak value and pulse width, and the shock wave intensity of the loading section can be adjusted by regulating the pressure and length of the high-pressure section. This device can be used to load reinforced concrete and metal beams, slabs, and other structures. The Explosion Research Laboratory at the University of Ottawa in Canada has built a square-aperture shock tube device with an opening size of approximately 2m × 2m. The device consists of four parts: a drive section, a connecting section, an expansion section, and a loading surface. Various shapes of structures can be installed on the loading surface, and the shock wave pressure-impulse combination on the loading surface can be changed by altering the length and pressure of the drive section.

[0004] Although some far-field uniformly distributed explosive load simulation devices have been developed, these devices still have the following shortcomings: On the one hand, most of the current loading devices are based on high-pressure gas drive, which causes the shock wave to reflect multiple times inside the tube, resulting in a load curve with multi-wave characteristics on the structural surface, which does not match the actual single-wave shock wave load waveform; on the other hand, some explosive-driven simulation devices are mainly aimed at studying the damage characteristics of large overall targets under simulated nuclear explosion loads, and they still have problems such as excessively high test costs, which completely cannot support the large-scale development of component-level small target damage tests. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a far-field uniformly distributed explosive load simulation loading device and test method, which can realize the adjustable loading of the overpressure peak value and specific impulse of the uniformly distributed shock wave, and at the same time provide a means for studying the damage effect of the target structure under far-field uniformly distributed explosive load.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution:

[0007] A far-field uniformly distributed explosive load simulation loading device includes an explosion chamber, a suspension component for suspending explosive charges, a rectifier tube, a target structural component, a pressure sensor, a laser vibration meter, and a display terminal.

[0008] The explosion chamber is open at one end and connected to the rectifier tube at the other end, with the inner cavity of the explosion chamber communicating with the inner cavity of the rectifier tube; the suspension component is installed at the top of the explosion chamber and can move back and forth along the axis of the rectifier tube; the rectifier tube is used to shape the explosion shock wave;

[0009] The target structural component is connected to the end of the rectifier tube; the target structural component includes a main plate and a target plate disposed on the main plate; the main plate is provided with holes of a specific shape, the target plate covers the holes, and the shape of the target plate at the holes forms a target structure of a specific shape;

[0010] The pressure sensor is connected to the target structural component to detect the pressure load on the surface of the target structure; the laser vibration meter is aimed at the target structure to measure the structural response of the target structure.

[0011] The display terminal is connected to the pressure sensor and the laser vibration meter, and is used to read pressure load and structural response data.

[0012] Preferably, the explosion chamber is a square box structure with one end open and the other end closed, and the closed end of the explosion chamber has a through hole, on which a flange is connected.

[0013] Preferably, the top of the explosion chamber has a slit parallel to the central axis of the rectifier tube, and the suspension component is disposed in the slit.

[0014] Preferably, a reinforcing plate is provided on the outer periphery of the explosion chamber.

[0015] Preferably, the rectifier tube includes a tube body and flanges disposed at both ends of the tube body, wherein the flange at one end is bolted to the explosion chamber and the flange at the other end is bolted to the target structural component.

[0016] Preferably, the length of the rectifier tube is 3 to 5 times its inner diameter.

[0017] Preferably, the main body plate includes a first end plate and a second end plate, and the first end plate and the second end plate are respectively provided with holes of the same shape and corresponding positions. The target plate is sandwiched between the first end plate and the second end plate. The first end plate, the second end plate and the target plate are all provided with bolt holes and pressure sensor mounting holes, and a plurality of bolt holes are provided around the circumference of the first end plate, the second end plate and the target plate.

[0018] Furthermore, a heat insulation layer is provided on the pressure sensing surface of the pressure sensor.

[0019] This invention also discloses a far-field uniformly distributed explosive load simulation test method, which uses the far-field uniformly distributed explosive load simulation test device described in this invention to conduct the test, including the following steps:

[0020] Step 1: Suspend the explosive charge that meets the explosion resistance of the explosion chamber inside the explosion chamber through the suspension component, and adjust the position of the suspension component to place the explosive charge in the designated position inside the explosion chamber.

[0021] Step 2: Confirm that the test system is in working order and detonate the explosive charge;

[0022] Step 3: Read the pressure load and structural response data through the display terminal, and convert the measurement results into pressure and displacement based on the test sensitivity;

[0023] Step 4: If the test requirements have been met, end the test; otherwise, readjust the explosive charge equivalent or adjust the position of the suspension component, and repeat steps 1 to 3 to obtain the damage characteristics of the target structure under uniformly distributed explosive loads with different characteristics.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] (1) The loading device of the present invention has the function of adjustable pressure peak and specific impulse, which can be used to carry out research on the damage effect of target structure under different combinations of pressure peak and specific impulse, and can provide support for the damage research of typical target structure under high-yield charge far-field explosion load.

[0026] (2) The loading device of the present invention can simulate the load characteristics of a hundred-kilogram charge in the far field of an explosion by using a hundred-gram charge, and has the characteristics of being able to simulate multiple working conditions and being reusable;

[0027] (3) The loading test method of the present invention can achieve controllable loading of different pressure peaks and specific impulses by adjusting the explosive charge mass and the position of the explosive charge in the explosion chamber. The test method has the characteristics of low test cost and short test time.

[0028] Other advantages of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the simulation loading device described in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the explosion chamber structure described in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rectifier tube structure described in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first end plate or the second end plate described in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the target plate described in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the target structural component described in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 7 This is the pressure curve after the explosion of 100g TNT explosive charge in the example;

[0036] Figure 8 This is the deflection history curve of the target structure's center of gravity after the explosion of a 100g TNT explosive charge in the example.

[0037] The meanings of the labels in the attached diagram are as follows:

[0038] 1-Explosion chamber, 2-Suspension component, 3-Rectifier tube, 4-Target structural component, 5-Pressure sensor, 6-Laser vibration meter, 7-Display terminal, 8-Flange, 9-Reinforcing plate, 10-Sealing ring, 11-Explosive charge;

[0039] 101 - Through hole, 102 - Slit;

[0040] 301-pipe body, 302-flange;

[0041] 401-First end plate, 402-Second end plate, 403-Hole, 404-Target plate, 405-Bolt hole, 406-Pressure sensor mounting hole. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments. All equivalent modifications made based on the technical solutions of this application fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0043] In the description of the invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, terms such as "set" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection, etc. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this technical solution according to the specific circumstances. Unless otherwise stated, directional terms such as "upper," "lower," "bottom," and "top" are generally defined based on the drawing of the corresponding figure, while "inner" and "outer" are defined based on the outline of the corresponding figure.

[0044] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well. Furthermore, it should be understood that the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] This embodiment discloses a far-field uniformly distributed explosive load simulation loading device, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes an explosion chamber 1, a suspension component 2, a rectifier tube 3, a target structure component 4, a pressure sensor 5, a laser vibration meter 6, and a display terminal 7.

[0047] One end of the explosion chamber 1 is open, and the other end is connected to the rectifier tube 3. The inner cavity of the explosion chamber 1 is connected to the inner cavity of the rectifier tube 3.

[0048] In this embodiment, the explosion chamber 1 is a square box structure with one end open and the other closed, such as... Figure 2As shown, the closed end of the explosion chamber 1 has a through hole 101, and a flange 8 is connected to the through hole 101. Specifically, one end of the flange 8 is welded to the through hole 101 of the explosion chamber, and the other end has several circular holes arranged around its circumference; the diameter of the through hole 101 is the same as the diameter of the flange, and the diameter of the through hole 101 is not less than the inner diameter of the rectifier tube 3.

[0049] Of course, other shapes of explosion chambers can also be used, among which the square structure is easy to manufacture.

[0050] Ideally, a reinforcing plate 9 is provided on the outer periphery of the explosion chamber 1. The reinforcing plate 9 is specifically a channel steel plate, which is used to enhance the bending resistance of the wall of the explosion chamber 1.

[0051] The rectifier tube 3 is used to shape the blast shock wave, ensuring uniform shock wave pressure acting on the target structure. The length of the rectifier tube 3 is more than three times its inner diameter; preferably, in this embodiment, the length of the rectifier tube 3 is three to five times its inner diameter. The inner diameter of the rectifier tube 3 is less than half the width, height, or diameter of the explosion chamber 1, to better constrain the blast shock wave.

[0052] In this embodiment, the rectifier tube 3 includes a tube body 301 and flanges 302 disposed at both ends of the tube body 301, such as... Figure 3 As shown, one end of the flange 302 is bolted to the explosion chamber 1, and the other end of the flange 302 is bolted to the target structural component 4. Specifically, in this embodiment, the flange 302 is formed by welding a thin annular plate to the end of the tube body. Several circular holes are arranged around the circumference of both ends of the flange 302. One end of the flange is bolted to the flange 8, and the other end of the flange 302 is bolted to the target structural component 4. A sealing ring 10 is provided at the connection of the two ends of the flange.

[0053] The suspension component 2 is set at the top of the explosion chamber 1 and is used to suspend the explosive charge. The suspension component 2 can move back and forth along the axis of the rectifier tube 3, so that the explosive charge 11 can move away from or close to the target structure. Different pressure peaks and specific impulses can be controlled by adjusting the position of the explosive charge 11 in the explosion chamber. It should be noted that the position of the suspension component 2 is such that the explosive charge 11 suspended on it is located on the central axis of the rectifier tube 3.

[0054] In this embodiment, a slit 102 parallel to the central axis of the rectifier tube is provided at the top of the explosion chamber 1, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the suspension member 2 is disposed in the slit 102. The width of the slit 102 is less than 1 cm, sufficient to install the suspension member 2. Of course, the suspension member 2 can also be connected in other ways, such as by setting a chute at the top of the explosion chamber. In this embodiment, the suspension member 2 is a hook.

[0055] The target structural component 4 is connected to the end of the rectifier tube 3.

[0056] The target structural component 4 includes a main plate and a target plate 44 disposed on the main plate. A hole 43 of a specific shape is provided on the main plate, and the target plate 44 covers the hole 43. The shape of the target plate at the hole 43 forms a target structure of a specific shape.

[0057] In this embodiment, the main body plate includes a first end plate 401 and a second end plate 402. The first end plate 401 and the second end plate 402 are respectively provided with holes 403 of the same shape and corresponding positions. The target plate 404 is sandwiched between the first end plate 401 and the second end plate 402. The shape of the target structure is determined by the shape of the holes 403 on the first end plate 401 and the second end plate 402. If the hole 403 is circular, the target structure is circular; if the hole 403 is square, the target structure is square.

[0058] In this embodiment, the first end plate 401, the second end plate 402, and the target plate 404 are all circular plates.

[0059] Bolt holes 404 and pressure sensor mounting holes 406 are provided on the first end plate 401, the second end plate 402, and the target plate 404. Several bolt holes 404 are provided around the circumference of the first end plate 401, the second end plate 402, and the target plate 404. After the pressure sensor 5 is installed on the target structural component 4, its pressure-sensing surface is flush with the inner side of the first end plate 401 (i.e., the side located on the rectifier tube 3 side).

[0060] The thickness of the first end plate 401 is thinner than that of the second end plate 402. Since the target structure is lowered, if the thickness of the first end plate 401 is too thick, it will affect the uniformity of the surface load of the target structure, and thus affect the consistency of the surface load of the pressure sensor 5 and the first end plate 401. In this embodiment, the thickness of the first end plate 401 is 5mm.

[0061] Since the shock wave borne by the first end plate 401 will eventually act on the second end plate 402, if the second end plate 402 is too thin, it will be easy to deform; but if it is too thick, it will affect the installation of the pressure sensor 5. In this embodiment of the invention, the thickness of the second end plate is 20mm, which can be adjusted according to the actual experimental conditions.

[0062] In this embodiment, a heat insulation layer is provided on the pressure sensing surface of the pressure sensor 5. Specifically, heat insulation silicone grease is applied to the pressure sensing surface of the pressure sensor 5 to isolate the heat generated by the explosion and avoid affecting the pressure sensor 5.

[0063] The laser vibration meter 6 is aligned with the target structure to measure the structural response of the target structure.

[0064] Display terminal 7 is connected to pressure sensor 5 and laser vibration meter 6 to read pressure load and structural response data. The data detected by pressure sensor 5 and laser vibration meter 6 is demodulated before being transmitted to display terminal 7. Display terminal 7 is a computer with pressure testing software and vibration testing software installed.

[0065] Example 2

[0066] This embodiment discloses a far-field uniformly distributed explosive load simulation loading test method. The far-field uniformly distributed explosive load simulation loading device described in Embodiment 1 is used for the test. In this embodiment, 100g of TNT explosive is selected as the explosive charge, a PCB 113B28 pressure sensor is used to measure the shock wave load on the surface of the structure, and a Polytec Doppler laser vibration meter is used to measure the deformation history of the structure.

[0067] The specific experimental method includes the following steps:

[0068] Step 1: Demodulate pressure sensor 5 and connect it to the computer, then open the pressure testing software and set the sampling rate to 1M / s;

[0069] Connect the laser vibration meter 6 to the computer via a demodulator, open the vibration testing software, and set the sampling rate to 1 M / s;

[0070] A 100g TNT explosive charge is suspended inside the explosion chamber via the suspension member 2, with the explosive charge 11 located on the central axis of the rectifier tube 3. The position of the suspension member 2 is adjusted so that the explosive charge is placed in the designated position inside the explosion chamber 1.

[0071] Step 2: After confirming that the testing system is in working order, detonate the explosive charge;

[0072] Step 3: Read the pressure load and structural response data on the computer, and convert the measurement results into pressure and displacement quantities according to the test sensitivity, as shown below. Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown.

[0073] Step 4: End the experiment.

Claims

1. A far-field uniform blast load simulation loading device, characterized in that, It comprises an explosion chamber (1), a hanger (2) for hanging explosive charge, a rectifier tube (3), a target structure (4), a pressure sensor (5), a laser vibration meter (6) and a display terminal (7). The explosion chamber (1) is open at one end and connected with the rectifier tube (3) at the other end, and the inner cavity of the explosion chamber (1) is through with the inner cavity of the rectifier tube (3). The hanger (2) is arranged on the top of the explosion chamber (1), and the hanger (2) can move back and forth along the axis direction of the rectifier tube (3). The rectifier tube (3) is used for shaping the explosion shock wave. The target structure (4) is connected at the end of the rectifier tube (3), and the target structure (4) comprises a main plate and a target plate (404) arranged on the main plate; the main plate is provided with a hole (403) of a specific shape, and the target plate (404) covers the hole (403), and the shape of the target plate at the hole (403) forms a target structure of a specific shape; the main plate comprises a first end plate (401) and a second end plate (402), and the first end plate (401) and the second end plate (402) are respectively provided with a hole (403) of a specific shape which is the same in shape and corresponding in position, and the target plate (404) is clamped between the first end plate (401) and the second end plate (402); the first end plate (401), the second end plate (402) and the target plate (404) are all provided with bolt holes (405) and pressure sensor mounting holes (406), and a plurality of bolt holes (405) are arranged around the circumferential direction of the first end plate (401), the second end plate (402) and the target plate (404). The pressure sensor (5) is connected to the target structure (4) for detecting the pressure load on the surface of the target structure. The laser vibration meter (6) is aligned with the target structure for measuring the structural response of the target structure. The display terminal (7) is connected with the pressure sensor (5) and the laser vibration meter (6) for reading the pressure load and structural response data.

2. The far field uniform blast load simulation loading device of claim 1, wherein, The explosion chamber (1) is a square box structure with one end open and the other end closed, and a through hole (101) is formed in the closed end of the explosion chamber (1), and a flange (8) is connected to the through hole (101).

3. The far-field uniform blast load simulation loading device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, A slit (102) parallel to the central axis of the rectifier tube is formed on the top of the explosion chamber (1), and the hanger (2) is arranged in the slit (102).

4. The far field uniform blast load simulation loading device of claim 1 or 2, wherein, A reinforcing plate (9) is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the explosion chamber (1).

5. The far field uniform blast load simulation loading device of claim 1, wherein, The rectifier tube (3) comprises a tube body (301) and flanges (302) arranged at both ends of the tube body (301), one of the flanges (302) is connected with the explosion chamber (1) by bolts, and the other flange (302) is connected with the target structure (4) by bolts.

6. The far field uniform blast load simulation loading device of claim 1 or 5, wherein, The length of the rectifier tube (3) is 3-5 times of the inner diameter.

7. The far field uniform blast load simulation loading device of claim 1, wherein, A heat insulation layer is arranged on the pressure sensing surface of the pressure sensor (5).

8. A method of a far-field uniform blast load simulation loading test, characterized by, The far-field uniform explosion load simulation loading device is used for testing, comprising the following steps: Step 1, the explosive charge meeting the anti-blast capacity of the explosion chamber is hung inside the explosion chamber through the hanger (2), and the position of the hanger (2) is adjusted so that the explosive charge is placed at a designated position in the explosion chamber (1); Step 2, confirming that the test system is in working condition, and initiating the explosive charge; Step 3, reading the pressure load and structure response data through the display terminal (7), and converting the measurement results into pressure and displacement according to the test sensitivity; Step 4, if the test requirements have been met, ending the test; otherwise, adjusting the equivalent of the explosive charge or adjusting the position of the hanger (2), repeating steps 1 to 3, and obtaining the damage characteristics of the target structure under the uniform explosion load with different characteristics.

Images