Tilt shank insertion tube depth limiter

Abstract

A depth limiter configured for use with a surgical cannula includes an annular base having a boss extending about a longitudinal axis and having a boss lumen configured to receive the surgical cannula. A latch arm coupled with the annular base overlies the boss and includes an arm opening configured to align with the boss lumen to receive the surgical cannula. The latch arm is movable relative to the annular base between a release position and a lock position. In the release position, the arm opening is positioned coaxially with the boss lumen such that the latch arm is configured to allow longitudinal movement of the depth limiter along the surgical cannula. In the lock position, the arm opening is positioned non-coaxially with the boss lumen such that the latch arm is configured to prevent longitudinal movement of the depth limiter along the surgical cannula.

Description

[0001] priority

[0002] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 018,652, entitled “Tilting Tang Cannula DepthLimiter”, filed May 1, 2020. Background Technology

[0003] Some surgical procedures may require clinicians to access the surgical site through the patient's abdominal cavity. To obtain this access, an opening is first created through the abdominal wall tissue that covers the abdominal cavity. In some surgical procedures (called "laparoscopic" or "endoscopic" surgery), a relatively small opening is created through the abdominal wall tissue, and then a thin instrument is inserted into the surgical site through an access device, commonly called a "cannula," located within the opening. A conventional cannula typically consists of a cannulation assembly and a tampon removably received within the working channel of the cannulation assembly. In use, the tampon mates with the cannulation assembly, and the combined structure (i.e., the cannula) is guided downwards by the clinician through the patient's abdominal wall, such that the distal ends of the tampon and the cannulation assembly extend into the abdominal cavity. The clinician then withdraws the tampon from the cannulation assembly, allowing surgical instruments to be guided downwards through the working channel of the cannulation assembly to reach the surgical site.

[0004] The following patents disclose cannulas, their components, and other types of surgical access devices only as exemplary models: U.S. Patent 7,981,092, entitled "Vibratory Trocar," published July 19, 2011; U.S. Patent 8,226,553, entitled "Access Device with Insert," published July 24, 2012; U.S. Patent 8,251,900, entitled "Surgical Access Devices and Methods Providing Seal Movement in Predefined Paths," published August 28, 2012; U.S. Patent 8,579,807, entitled "Absorbing Fluids in a Surgical Access Device," published November 12, 2013; U.S. Patent 8,568,362, entitled "Surgical Access Device with Sorbents," published October 29, 2013; and U.S. Patent 8,568,362, entitled "Surgical Access Device with Sorbents," published January 28, 2014. U.S. Patent 8,636,686, entitled “Device”; U.S. Patent 8,690,831, entitled “Gas Jet Fluid Removal in a Trocar”, published April 8, 2014; and U.S. Patent 2019 / 0000496, entitled “Method of Suturing a Trocar Path Incision”, published January 3, 2019. The disclosure of each of the above-cited U.S. patents and publications is incorporated herein by reference.

[0005] In some procedures, it may be desirable to limit the depth to which the aforementioned cannula is inserted into the wall of a patient's body cavity. It may further be desirable to have a depth limiter that is reusable and can be used with a reusable and disposable cannula. While various surgical instruments, including surgical access devices and end effectors, and other associated components, have been manufactured and used, it is believed that no one has manufactured or used the invention described in the appended claims prior to one or more of the inventors. Attached Figure Description

[0006] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the general description of the invention given above and the detailed description of the embodiments given below, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0007] Figure 1A perspective view of an exemplary cannula needle having a cannula assembly and a tampon shown in an assembled state is shown;

[0008] Figure 2 It is shown in the disassembled state. Figure 1 Side front view of the cannulation assembly and tampon;

[0009] Figure 3A It shows that the clinician is manipulating Figure 1 A lateral cross-sectional view of the trocar penetrating the tissue layer of the abdominal wall;

[0010] Figure 3B It shows Figure 1 An enlarged side sectional view of the cannula, showing its reception in... Figure 3A The distal end of the trocar inside the abdominal cavity;

[0011] Figure 3C It shows Figure 1 A side sectional view of the cannulation assembly, showing how it remains positioned after the tampon is disassembled and removed. Figure 3A The cannulation assembly inside the abdominal wall;

[0012] Figure 3D It shows that Figure 1 The cannulation assembly from Figure 3A A lateral sectional view of the abdominal wall pulled out proximally;

[0013] Figure 4 A perspective view of another exemplary cannula with a cannula assembly and a tampon shown in an assembled state is shown;

[0014] Figure 5 It is shown in the disassembled state. Figure 4 A perspective view of the cannula assembly and tampon, showing the reusable cannula and disposable sealing assembly of the cannula assembly separated from each other, and showing the tampon in a disassembled state;

[0015] Figure 6 It shows the connection to Figure 4 A perspective view of an exemplary depth limiter of the cannulation tube of the cannulation assembly, showing the latch arm of the depth limiter in an initial locked position that prevents relative translation between the depth limiter and the cannulation tube;

[0016] Figure 7 It shows Figure 6 A perspective view of the depth limiter, showing the latch arm in the initial locked position;

[0017] Figure 8A It shows Figure 6A side sectional view of the depth limiter and the cannula, showing the latch arm in a fully locked position that prevents relative translation between the depth limiter and the cannula;

[0018] Figure 8B It shows Figure 6 A side sectional view of the depth limiter and the cannula, showing the latch arm in a released position that allows relative translation between the depth limiter and the cannula;

[0019] Figure 9 A perspective view of a second exemplary depth limiter is shown, illustrating the latch arm of the depth limiter in an initial locked position that prevents relative translation between the depth limiter and the cannula.

[0020] Figure 10 It shows Figure 9 A side sectional view of the depth limiter, showing the latch arm in the initial locked position;

[0021] Figure 11 A perspective view of a third exemplary depth limiter is shown, illustrating the latch arm of the depth limiter in a released position that allows relative translation between the depth limiter and the cannulation channel of the trocar.

[0022] Figure 12A It shows the relationship with Figure 4 The connection of the insertion tube Figure 11 A side sectional view of the depth limiter shows the latch arm in a released position that allows relative translation between the depth limiter and the cannula.

[0023] Figure 12B It shows Figure 11 Depth limiter and Figure 4 A side sectional view of the cannula, showing the latch arm in a locked position that prevents relative translation between the depth limiter and the cannula;

[0024] Figure 13 A perspective view of a fourth exemplary depth limiter including four legs is shown;

[0025] Figure 14A It shows the relationship with Figure 1 The cannulation assembly of the trocar and the cannulation tubing connection. Figure 13 A partial side sectional view of the depth limiter, wherein the legs of the depth limiter are in a non-deployed configuration when the distal end of the cannula is received in the abdominal cavity;

[0026] Figure 14B The following is shown after the packer is separated and removed. Figure 1 The cannula connection of the cannula assembly. Figure 13A partial side sectional view of the depth limiter, wherein the legs of the depth limiter are in an extended configuration when the distal end of the cannula is received in the abdominal cavity;

[0027] Figure 15 A perspective view of a fifth exemplary depth limiter including two legs is shown;

[0028] Figure 16 A perspective view of a sixth exemplary depth limiter including three legs is shown;

[0029] Figure 17 A perspective view of a seventh exemplary depth limiter including a hub with a notch is shown;

[0030] Figure 18A It shows the relationship with Figure 5 The cannula connection of the cannula assembly. Figure 17 Top plan view of the depth limiter, wherein the hub of the depth limiter is in a movable configuration;

[0031] Figure 18B The following is shown after the packer is separated and removed. Figure 5 The cannula connection of the cannula assembly. Figure 17 A partial side sectional view of the depth limiter, wherein the legs of the depth limiter are in a fixed configuration;

[0032] Figure 19A It shows the relationship with Figure 5 The cannula connection of the cannula assembly. Figure 17 A partial side sectional view of the depth limiter, wherein the legs of the depth limiter are in an extended configuration; and

[0033] Figure 19B The following is shown after the packer is separated and removed. Figure 5 The cannula connection of the cannula assembly. Figure 17 A partial side sectional view of the depth limiter, wherein the legs of the depth limiter are in an extended configuration; and

[0034] Figure 20 A top cross-sectional view of an eighth exemplary depth limiter, including a fluid chamber and four legs, is shown.

[0035] The accompanying drawings are not intended to be limiting in any way, and various embodiments of the invention can be conceived to be implemented in many other ways, including those not necessarily shown in the drawings. The drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate several aspects of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention; however, it should be understood that the invention is not limited to the explicit arrangements shown. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The following description of certain examples of the invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Other examples, features, aspects, embodiments, and advantages of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following description, which is shown by way of example, and a preferred mode is contemplated for carrying out the invention. It will be appreciated that the invention can have other different and obvious aspects, all of which are not departing from the invention. Therefore, the drawings and descriptions should be regarded as substantially illustrative and not restrictive.

[0037] For clarity of disclosure, the terms "proximal" and "distal" are defined herein in relation to the surgeon or other operator who grasps the surgical device. The term "proximal" refers to a position where the element is positioned closer to the surgeon, and the term "distal" refers to a position where the element is positioned further away from the surgeon. Furthermore, the extent to which spatial terms such as "top," "bottom," "upper," "lower," "vertical," and "horizontal" are used herein with reference to the accompanying drawings should be understood to be for illustrative purposes only and not intended to be limiting or absolute. In this regard, it should be understood that surgical instruments such as those disclosed herein may be used in a variety of orientations and positions, not limited to those shown and described herein.

[0038] Furthermore, the terms “about” and “approximately” used herein in connection with any numerical value or range are intended to cover the exact value referenced, as well as the appropriate tolerance that enables the referenced feature or combination of features to be used for the intended purpose described herein.

[0039] I. Exemplary single-use cannulas and reusable cannulas

[0040] Figures 1 to 5 Exemplary surgical access devices are shown in the form of a single-use first cannula (10) and a reusable second cannula (110), each cannula configured to provide surgical site access in laparoscopic surgery. Each cannula (10, 110) includes an insertion assembly (12, 112) having a working channel (14, 114) and a tampon (16, 116) configured to be removably and coaxially inserted into the working channel (14, 114) such that the assembled cannula (10, 110) can be guided distally through the patient's abdominal wall and into the abdominal cavity, for example, as described below. Figures 3A to 3D As stated above.

[0041] A. An exemplary single-use cannula

[0042] like Figures 1 to 2As shown, the cannulation assembly (12) of a single-use trocar (10) includes a cannula (20) and a sealing housing (30). The cannula (20) and the sealing housing (30) cooperate to define a working channel (14) that extends longitudinally along the central axis (A) of the trocar (10). Specifically, the working channel (14) is defined by the lumen of the cannula (20) communicating with the hollow interior of the sealing housing (30). The cannulation assembly (12) is configured to receive elongated surgical instruments distally through the working channel (14) to provide access to surgical sites within the patient's abdominal cavity. As described in more detail below, the sealing housing (30) houses a pair of sealing structures that define a sealing assembly configured to retain airflow into the patient's abdominal cavity while allowing surgical instruments and tissue debris to pass through the working channel (14).

[0043] The cannula (20) of this type may include: a bell-shaped hub (not shown) located at the proximal end of the cannula; and an elongated cylindrical cannula (22) extending distally from the hub and terminating at an angled cannula tip (24). The outer surface of the cannula (22) includes a plurality of tissue gripping features in the form of annular ribs (26) axially arranged along the middle portion of the cannula (22). The ribs (26) are configured to grip the abdominal wall tissue layers through which the cannula (20) is inserted, thereby aiding in stabilizing the cannula (20) in both the axial and radial directions when it is positioned within an opening formed in the patient's abdominal wall.

[0044] More specifically, in this example, the tissue-grasping ribs (26) are formed in an annular fan shape in the sidewall of the cannula (22), such that each rib (26) tapers radially inward from its outermost radial edge in a distal direction. Thus, the outermost radial edge of the ribs (26) is approximately flush with the unribbed proximal and distal portions of the cannula (22). The configuration of the resulting ribs (26) facilitates the distal advancement of the cannula (22) through the tissue layer and prevents its retraction through the tissue layer in the opposite proximal direction. Advantageously, this configuration prevents accidental withdrawal of the cannula (22) from the patient's abdominal wall during surgery. However, it should be understood that in other types of cannulas (10), the cannula (22) may be provided with various other types of tissue-grasping features. For example, the cannula (22) may include tissue gripping features in the form of one or more spiral ribs that extend around at least a middle portion of the cannula (22) and may be fan-shaped similar to ribs (26).

[0045] The sealing housing (30) of the cannula assembly (12) includes a proximal housing portion (32) and a distal housing portion (34), the proximal housing portion (32) being removably attached to the distal housing portion. The proximal housing portion (32) includes a sealing housing head (36) and a distal base (38) fixed together. The distal housing portion (34) includes: a distal shield (40) surrounding a proximal hub (not shown) of the cannula (20); a cover plate (42) fixed to the proximal end of the distal shield (40); and a latching ring (44) rotatably disposed between the distal shield and the cover plate and having a radially outwardly projecting tab (46). The latching ring (44) is selectively rotatable between a locked position and an unlocked position about the central axis (A) of the cannula needle (10) via the tab (46). In the locked position, the latch ring (44) locks the proximal housing portion (32) to the distal housing portion (34). In the unlocked position, the latch ring (44) allows the proximal housing portion (32) to separate from the distal housing portion (34), for example, to allow direct access to a distal sealing structure (not shown) housed within the distal housing portion (34). In some configurations, the distal shield (40) may be integrally formed with the proximal end of the cannula (22), such that the distal shield (40) is a component of the cannula (20).

[0046] Although not shown, the proximal housing portion (32) houses a proximal (or "outer") sealing structure, and the distal housing portion (34) houses a distal (or "inner") sealing structure, both arranged along the central axis (A) of the cannula (10). The proximal and distal sealing structures cooperate to define a sealing assembly that retains airflow into the patient's abdominal cavity during surgery while allowing surgical instruments and tissue debris to pass through the working channel (14). For example, the proximal sealing structure may include an annular sealing member configured to sealably engage the axis of a laparoscopic surgical instrument guided through the working channel (14). The distal end sealing structure may include a duckbill-shaped sealing member configured to maintain the working channel (14) in a sealed state even without the surgical instrument axis.

[0047] The cannulation assembly (12) also includes a blow-in port (50) operably coupled to the proximal end of the cannula (20) and having an adjustable valve in the form of a stopcock valve (52). The blow-in port (50) is configured to guide a blow-in fluid, such as carbon dioxide, from a fluid source (not shown) distally through the working channel (14) and into the patient's abdominal cavity, thereby expanding (or "blowing in") the cavity with fluid. This expansion of the abdominal cavity creates additional space for easier laparoscopic surgery.

[0048] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the tampon (16) of the cannula (10) includes a tampon head (60), an elongated cylindrical tampon shaft (62) extending distally from the head (60), and a tapered distal tampon tip (64). The tampon shaft (62) is configured to be received within a working channel (14) of the cannula assembly (12) such that the tampon tip (64) extends distally through the cannula tip (24). The tampon head (60) includes a dome-shaped upper body (66), a base plate (68), and an actuable latching member (70) including a pair of latching arms (72) and a corresponding pair of latching buttons (74). The latching arms (72) are configured to be engaged in corresponding slots (not shown) formed in the top surface of the sealing housing head (36) to connect the tampon (16) to the cannula assembly (12). A latch button (74) is actuable to release the locking arm (72) from the slot, thereby allowing the tampon (16) to separate from the cannulation assembly (12). The tampon (16) also includes a central channel (76) extending longitudinally through the tampon head (60) and the tampon shaft (62), and is configured to receive an endoscope (not shown) therein to provide visualization during insertion of the cannula (10) through the patient's abdominal wall. A clamping rod (78) of the tampon head (60) is pivotable to selectively secure the endoscope within the central channel (76). The central channel (76) and the clamping rod (78) are merely optional features and may be omitted from the tampon (16) in other configurations.

[0049] The cannulation assembly (12) and the tampon (16) may be configured to be discarded after a single use on a patient. In other configurations, one or more components of the cannula (10) may be suitably configured to withstand sterilization and multiple reuses, for example, as described below. Figures 4 to 5 The cannula (110) is described in more detail.

[0050] B. Exemplary deployment of the cannula into the patient's abdominal cavity

[0051] Figures 3A to 3D An exemplary method is shown for using the aforementioned cannula (10) to penetrate the patient's abdominal wall (2) and enter the patient's abdominal cavity (1). It should be understood that the abdominal wall (2) comprises a superficial layer extending outwards and a deep layer extending inwards. The superficial layer typically comprises an outer layer of skin (3) and an inner layer of fat (4); while the deeper layers comprise alternating layers of muscle (5) and fascia (6), which are fibrous and flexible and have relatively higher tensile strength than the superficial layers.

[0052] like Figure 3AAs shown, with the packer (16) received within the cannulation assembly (12) and connected to the sealing housing (30), the clinician manipulates the cannula (10) via the packer head (60) and the sealing housing (30) to push the packer tip (64) against the skin (3) and medially toward the abdominal cavity (1) while rotating the cannula (10) back and forth. Continued medial pushing of the cannula (10) further guides the packer tip (64) and the cannula tip (24) distally through the layers of fat (4) and fascia (6) and into the cavity (1), as... Figure 3B As shown. As discussed above, this step is facilitated by visualization provided by an endoscope (not shown) mounted within the tampon (16). Once the cannula (20) has reached the desired depth in the insertion cavity (1), the clinician releases the tampon head (60) from the sealed housing (30) by pressing the latch button (74), and then withdraws the tampon (16) proximally from the cannula assembly (12), as... Figure 3C As shown. This allows the working channel (14) of the cannulation assembly (12) to freely receive surgical instruments passing distally through it for laparoscopic surgery. As described above, tissue gripping ribs (26) located on the cannulation channel (22) grip the tissue layers (3,4,5,6) of the abdominal wall (2), thereby providing the cannulation assembly (12) with at least a minimum degree of stability relative to the abdominal wall (2). After the laparoscopic surgery is completed, the clinician grasps the sealing housing (30) and withdraws the cannulation assembly (12) proximally from the abdominal wall (2), as... Figure 3D As shown.

[0053] C. An exemplary reusable cannula with a disposable sealing assembly

[0054] In some cases, it may be desirable to construct the cannula so that one or more of its components can be sterilized and reused for multiple surgical procedures, while one or more other components can be easily and economically disposed of and replaced after each procedure. Figures 4 to 5 Another exemplary trocar (110) constructed in this manner is shown, which has a similar structure and function to the trocar (10) described above, unless otherwise described below.

[0055] Similar to the cannula (10), the cannula (110) includes a cannula assembly (112) having a working channel (114) and a tampon (116) configured to be coaxially inserted into the cannula assembly (112) along the working channel (114). The cannula assembly (112) includes a cannula (120) having: a bell-shaped proximal hub (122) located at the proximal end of the cannula; and an elongated cylindrical cannula (124) extending distally from the proximal hub (122) and terminating at an angled cannula tip (126). The outer surface of the cannula (124) includes a plurality of tissue gripping features in the form of annular ribs (128) arranged axially along the middle portion of the cannula (124) and similar to the ribs (26) described above.

[0056] The cannulation assembly (112) also includes a sealing assembly (130). Unlike the sealing assembly defined by the sealing housing (30) of the cannula (10), the sealing assembly (130) is constructed as a modular, replaceable unit, designed to releasably engage with the proximal hub (122) of the cannula (120). Figure 5 As best shown, the sealing assembly (130) of this example typically includes an upper frame member (132), an intermediate frame member (134), and a lower frame member (136) arranged coaxially and fixed relative to each other. Although not shown, the proximal (or "outer") sealing structure is supported within the upper frame member (132), while the distal (or "inner") sealing structure is supported within the lower frame member (136). Such sealing structures may be structurally and functionally similar to the proximal and distal sealing structures of the cannula needle (10) described above. The sealing assembly (130) also includes a blow-in port (140) having an adjustable valve in the form of a stopcock valve (142).

[0057] The lower portion of the sealing assembly (130) distal to the inlet port (140) is configured to be housed within the proximal hub (122) of the cannula (120), such that an annular sealing member (144) arranged circumferentially around the lower portion seals against the inner surface of the proximal hub (122). In this manner, the interior of the sealing assembly (130) is in fluid communication with the lumen of the cannula (120) to define a working channel (114) for the cannula assembly (112), through which inlet fluid, surgical instruments, and tissue fragments can be guided, in a manner generally described above in conjunction with the cannula (10). The sealing assembly (130) may be further constructed in accordance with the teachings of one or more of the following patents: U.S. Patent Publication 2019 / 0090905 entitled “Trocar Seal Assemblies”, published March 28, 2019, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference; and / or U.S. Patent Publication 2019 / 0380742 entitled “Asymmetric Shaft Seal”, published December 19, 2019, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.

[0058] like Figure 5 As best shown, the tampon (116) of the cannula (110) includes a proximal tampon head (150), an elongated cylindrical shaft (152) extending distally from the tampon head (150), and a tapered tip (154) located at the distal end of the shaft (152). The tampon head (150) includes a dome-shaped upper body (156), a base plate (158), and an actuable latching member (160) including a pair of downwardly extending latching arms (162) and a corresponding pair of latching buttons (164). The latching arms (162) are configured to be captured within corresponding slots (138) formed in the top surface of the upper frame member (132) of the sealing assembly (130) to engage the tampon (116) with the cannula assembly (112). The latch button (164) is actuable to release the locking arm (162) from the slot (138), thereby allowing the tampon (116) to separate from the cannulation assembly (112).

[0059] The cannula (120) and tampon (116) in this example are suitably constructed of robust materials such as surgical steel, allowing them to be sterilized and reused for multiple surgical procedures. In contrast, as described above, the sealing assembly (130) is constructed as a single-use unit, intended to be separate from the cannula (120) and replaced after each procedure. For example, the sealing assembly (130) may be constructed of a variety of polymeric materials, including plastics and rubber, making it easy to manufacture and sell at a price that allows the sealing assembly (130) to be disposed of after a single use, similar to the cannula (10) described above.

[0060] II. Exemplary cannulation depth limiter

[0061] In some scenarios, clinicians may wish to limit the depth to which a single-use or reusable cannula (10, 110) may travel in the abdominal wall (2) (e.g., after inserting the cannula (10, 110) to the desired location). Limiting the depth to which the cannula (10, 110) may travel in the abdominal wall (2) helps prevent the distal tampon tip (64) from inadvertently entering the abdominal cavity (1) deeper than intended. Preventing over-insertion of the cannula (10, 110) also avoids unintentionally reducing the available working space within the abdominal cavity (1).

[0062] Alternatively or additionally, the clinician may wish to stabilize the cannula (10, 110) relative to the abdominal wall (2) (e.g., after inserting the cannula (10, 110) into the desired position in the abdominal cavity (1)). The clinician can stabilize the cannula (10, 110) relative to the abdominal wall (2) by avoiding under-insertion of the cannula (10, 110). Stabilizing the cannula (10, 110) relative to the abdominal wall (2) after insertion into the abdominal wall (2) helps prevent the cannula (10, 110) from inadvertently pivoting around the insertion point in the abdominal wall (2) after the clinician releases the cannula (10, 110). The cannula (10, 110) stabilizes the insertion channel (22, 124) and thus maintains the entry point of the surgical instruments into the abdominal cavity (1) in the desired position and / or orientation relative to the abdominal cavity (1), allowing the surgical instruments to be easily guided distally through the cannula (10, 110) at a working angle conveniently selected for the clinician. It may also be desirable to design reusable depth-limiting devices with a limited number of cavities and recesses. Such a design would simplify the manufacturing process and facilitate the sterilization and cleaning of the surgical instruments.

[0063] A. A first exemplary depth limiter with a spring latch arm

[0064] Figure 6 An example of a depth limiter (200) for the cannula (124) connected to the cannula (110) is shown. Although not shown, it should be understood that the depth (200) can also be used with the cannula (10). As described in more detail below, the depth limiter (200) can selectively limit the depth to which the cannula (10, 110) can travel distally into the abdominal wall (2).

[0065] like Figures 7 to 8BAs best shown, the depth limiter (200) of this type includes a latching arm (218) integrally connected to an annular base (220). The annular base (220) is relatively rigid relative to the latching arm (218), which is flexible and has elastic properties. Specifically, the latching arm (218) is in the form of a spring arm, which can be positioned relative to the base (220) at... Figures 6 to 7 The initial locking position shown Figure 8A The fully locked position shown and Figure 8B The release positions shown are elastically deflected.

[0066] In both the initial locked position and the fully locked position, the latch arm (218) is configured to frictionally engage with the outer surface of the cannula (124), such as an annular rib (128) and thereby prevent relative translation between the depth limiter (200) and the cannula (124). In contrast, the latch arm (218) in the released position is configured to allow relative translation between the depth limiter (200) and the cannula (124). As described below, the fully locked position provides a greater degree of frictional engagement between the latch arm (218) and the cannula (124) compared to the initial locked position, thereby providing greater resistance to the relative axial load applied between the depth limiter (200) and the cannula (124). In this example, the latch arm (218) is elastically biased toward the initial locked position, such that the latch arm (218) can be deflected downward toward the base (220) (i.e., to the distal side) by the user to the fully locked position or upward away from the base (220) (i.e., to the proximal side) to the released position.

[0067] The depth limiter (200) may be made of any one or more suitable materials. For example, the depth limiter (200) may be made of a surgically safe metal (such as surgical stainless steel) or alternatively of a polymer material. It should be understood that a metallic construction would allow the depth limiter (200) to be sterilized, thus enabling it to be reused for multiple surgical procedures. In contrast, a plastic construction would allow the depth limiter (200) to be disposed of after a single use, similar to the cannula (10) and sealing assembly (130) described above. In this example, the annular base (220) and the latch arm (218) are formed together as a single unit. This single unit may be formed, for example, by one or more suitable manufacturing processes (such as metal stamping, additive manufacturing, die casting, or injection molding). In other forms of the depth limiter (200), one or more components may be formed separately and then joined together.

[0068] In the example shown, the annular base (220) includes a cylindrical central boss (222) and an annular hub (224) extending radially outward from and circumferentially around the central boss (222). The central boss (222) includes a boss cavity (226) and extends along the central axis (A) of the base (220). 中心 The proximal side (228) extends distally to an outwardly flared distal portion (230), which in other forms may be closed. The proximal side (228) is relative to the central axis (A). 中心 ) tilted positioning and acting as a stop for the latch arm (218) in the fully locked position, such as Figure 8A As shown. Specifically, the proximal side (228) limits the distal deflection of the latch arm (218) beyond a maximum deflection angle (MA), thereby preventing unwanted plastic deformation of the latch arm (218) and / or excessive frictional engagement of the cannula (124) or the latch arm (218) and damage thereto. It should be understood that the axial height of the central boss (222) and the angle of the proximal side (228) can be selected to allow a predetermined maximum deflection angle (MA) of the latch arm (218) and / or a predetermined degree of frictional engagement with the cannula (124), which can be selected at least in part based on the material composition of the depth limiter (200) and / or the cannula (124). The dimensions of the boss cavity (226) are set to slidably receive the cannula (22, 124) of the cannula assembly (12, 112). The annular hub (224) extends radially outward from the distal portion (230) of the central boss (222) toward the outer edge (234), which may be rolled proximally as shown to ensure non-invasive interaction with the patient’s abdominal wall (2).

[0069] For example, the annular base (220) shown in this type has a generally circular shape, but the annular base (220) may be formed in other types to have various other shapes, such as elliptical, rectangular or triangular. The annular hub (224) has a generally flat lower side (232) and a base diameter (DB) larger than the diameter of the central boss (CB). The size of the base diameter (DB) is suitably set to prevent the depth limiter (200) from penetrating distally through the trocar path incision in the patient's abdominal wall (2). The lower side (232) may be smooth as shown or constructed to have a texture (not shown) or another surface effect (not shown) to further assist in keeping the cannula (22, 124) upright within the abdominal wall (2).

[0070] In the example shown, the outer edge (234) of the annular base (220) is positioned radially outward from the central boss (222) and away from the patient's skin, curling (or "rolling") proximally toward the latch arm (218). Thus, the outer edge (234) increases the rigidity of the annular base (220) and provides a comfortable, smooth profile to the patient. Additionally, the curved portion (236) of the outer edge (234) serves as a user gripping feature, making it easier for clinicians to grasp the outer edge (234). The outer edge (234) includes a pair of release-cutting features (238) located on either side of the first bend (244) of the latch arm (218). The release-cutting features (238) facilitate the elastic deflection of the first bend (244) of the latch arm (218) relative to the base (220). The release cutting feature (238) allows the latch arm (218) to have additional flexibility because the latch arm (218) is not adjacent to the outer edge (234) that adds rigidity to the latch arm (218).

[0071] like Figure 7 As shown, the latch arm (218) includes a first arm portion (240) and a second wall portion (242). The first arm portion (240) is attached to the annular base (220) at a first bend (244) between a pair of release cutting features (238). The first bend (244) is generally parallel to the central axis (A). 中心 And perpendicular to the plane defined by the annular base (220). The first arm portion (240) extends proximally away from the first bend (244) to the second bend (246).

[0072] The second bend (246) joins the first arm portion (240) and the second arm portion (242), which extends substantially perpendicularly to the first arm portion (240). Specifically, the second arm portion (242) is oriented towards the central axis (A). 中心 The second arm extends radially inward to a free end (248) having a handle (252) that bends proximally away from the base (220) and can be gripped by a user to deflect the latch arm (218) relative to the base (220). As shown, the second arm portion (242) overlaps the proximal side (228) of the central boss (222) and includes an arm opening (250) configured to be coaxially aligned with the boss cavity (226) in the released position of the latch arm (218).

[0073] In this example, the arm opening (250) has the same cross-sectional shape as the boss cavity (226) and the cannula (22, 124). As shown, both the boss cavity (226) and the arm opening (250) have a circular transverse cross-sectional shape in this type. In some other types, the boss cavity (226) and the arm opening (250) may have different transverse cross-sectional shapes.

[0074] like Figure 8A and Figure 8B As shown, the arm opening (250) has an arm axis (A) that is perpendicular to the second arm portion (242) and concentrically positioned within the arm opening (250). 臂 The arm opening (250) includes an engagement feature in the form of an inner edge (254) of the arm opening (250). The engagement feature facilitates frictional engagement of the arm opening (250) with the ribs (26, 128) of the cannula (22, 124) when the latching arm (218) is in either an initial locked position or a fully locked position, thereby preventing relative longitudinal movement between the depth limiter (200) and the cannula (22, 124). In some cases, this engagement feature may also include a geometry complementary to the ribs (26, 128). For example, the engagement feature may also include a protrusion (not shown) that mates with a recessed portion of the ribs (26, 128), and the engagement feature may have a recessed portion (not shown) that mates with the protrusion of the ribs (26, 128). In some forms, the engagement feature may include an annular band (not shown) that mates with the ribs (26, 128). In some other forms, the engagement feature may include a geometry complementary to a helical rib (not shown) formed on the cannula (22, 124). It should be understood that the latch arm (218) of this example in the locked position is also suitably configured to engage frictionally with a cannula having a smooth outer surface lacking one or more tissue engagement features (e.g., similar to ribs (26, 128)).

[0075] As described above, the latch arm (218) of this example is elastically biased toward the direction away from the release position and toward the initial locked position. The release position is the proximal position and the initial locked position is the distal position. The latch arm (218) may be in the form of a spring arm, as shown. In other embodiments, the latch arm (218) may be biased toward the initial locked position or alternatively toward the fully locked position by a separate biasing member such as a spring (not shown) or another feature obvious to those skilled in the art. In yet another embodiment (not shown), the latch arm (218) may be biased toward the release position. The latch arm (218) shown is shown to have a flat rectangular cross-sectional profile. In some types, the latch arm (218) may have an arcuate cross-sectional profile, such as a curved rectangular cross-sectional profile. In this type, the latch arm (218) may have increased rigidity and therefore increased elastic bias toward its rest position (e.g., the initial locked position).

[0076] Figure 8AA latch arm (218) is shown pressed distally into a fully locked position to engage the cannula (22, 124) by maximal frictional engagement. Figure 8A As shown, when the latch arm (218) is in the fully locked position, the arm opening (250) is not coaxial with respect to the inner cavity (226) of the boss, such that the corresponding axis (A) 臂 A 中心 They are at an angle relative to each other. In addition, as mentioned above, the lower side of the second arm portion (242) directly contacts the proximal side (228) of the central boss (222).

[0077] Figure 8B This illustrates lifting the latch arm (218) from the locked position proximally away from the annular base (220) via the handle foot (252) (see example). Figures 6 to 8A The latch arm (218) is actuated to the release position. During this transition, the latch arm (218) deflects relative to the annular base (220) via deflection at and around the first bend (244) and / or the second bend (246). When the arm axis (A) 臂 ) and central axis (A) 中心 When the arm opening (250) is coaxially aligned with the boss cavity (226), the latch arm (218) is in the released position (see [reference]). Figure 8B In the released position, the second arm portion (242) is generally perpendicular to the central axis (A). 中心 And thus generally parallel to the annular base (220), and the depth limiter (200) translates freely along the cannulation channel (22,124).

[0078] Once the depth limiter (200) is positioned by the clinician at the desired longitudinal location along the cannula (22, 124), the clinician can then release the handle foot (252). In response, the latch arm (218) elastically returns to the initial locked position toward the annular base (220) (see [link]). Figure 6 This causes frictional engagement with the cannula (22, 124) and locks the depth limiter (200) relative to the cannula (22, 124) in a selected longitudinal position. If the clinician wishes to lock the depth limiter (200) more securely in the selected longitudinal position, the clinician can press down on the handle foot (252) to force the latch arm (218) into place. Figure 8A The fully locked position is shown and described above.

[0079] The latch arm (218) can be in the initial locked position (see...) Figures 6 to 7 ) and fully locked position (see Figure 8AThe depth limiter (200) has different degrees of locking positions. In order to change the depth limiter (200) from a first locking position (e.g., initial locking position) to a second locking position (e.g., fully locked position) distally, the clinician applies a distal force to the handle foot (252), which in turn increases the degree of frictional engagement and thus increases the locking force between the latch arm (218) and the cannula (22, 124).

[0080] It should be understood that the degree of frictional engagement between the latch arm (218) and the cannula (22, 124) in the initial locked position is high enough to resist low relative axial loads applied between the depth limiter (200) and the cannula (22, 124), for example, during distal insertion of the corresponding cannula assembly (12, 112) through the patient's abdominal wall (2). In some configurations, this degree of frictional engagement in the initial locked position may also be low enough to allow the clinician to intentionally pull the depth limiter (200) out of the cannula (22, 124) without first raising the latch arm (218) to the release position. For example, a clinician can remove the depth limiter (200) from the cannula (22, 124) by grasping the cannula assembly (12, 112) with one hand and the annular base (220) of the depth limiter (200) with the other hand, and by pulling the cannula assembly (12, 112) proximally while simultaneously pulling the annular base (220) distally. This process will automatically force the latching arm (218) to release, thereby allowing the depth limiter (200) to translate distally along the cannula (22, 124).

[0081] B. A second exemplary depth limiter with a spring latch arm

[0082] In some cases, it may be desirable to provide a cannulation depth limiter (200) in which the latch arm (218) is not limited to the maximum deflection angle (MA) by the proximal side (228) of the central boss (222). Figures 9 to 10 Another exemplary depth limiter (300) exhibiting this configuration is shown. As described in more detail below, the depth limiter (300) selectively limits the depth to which the cannula (10, 110) can travel distally into the abdominal wall (2). Except as expressly noted herein, the depth limiter (300) is substantially similar to the depth limiter (200) described above.

[0083] Similar to the depth limiter (200), the depth limiter (300) includes a latching arm (318) pivotally coupled to an annular base (320). The latching arm (318) is flexible relative to the annular base (320) and is movable from a released position to at least one initial locked position and further to a fully locked position. The annular base (320) is relatively rigid and includes a central boss (322) and an annular hub (324). The central boss (322) defines a central axis (A) along which the depth limiter (320) is located. 中心 A boss cavity (326) extends from the proximal side (328) to the distal side of the distal portion (330). The annular hub (324) includes a lower side (332) that extends radially to the outer edge (334). The outer edge (334) has a pair of release-cutting features (338) adjacent to the latch arm (318).

[0084] A latching arm (318) is operably attached at a first bend (344) to the outer edge (334) between a pair of release cutting features (338). The first bend (344) attaches a first arm portion (340) to an annular base (320). The first arm portion (340) extends proximally to a second bend (346). The second bend (346) is transverse to the central axis (A). 中心 The second arm (342) bends and attaches to the second arm portion (342). The second arm portion (342) faces the central axis (A). 中心 The second arm portion (342) extends and overlaps the central boss (322). The second arm portion (342) defines the arm opening (350) and includes a foot (352). The arm opening (350) has an arm axis (A) centrally located within the arm opening (350) and perpendicular to the annular base (320). 臂 The arm opening (350) has an inner edge (354), which may have an engagement feature (not shown). Similar to the latch arm (218), the latch arm (318) is oriented towards Figure 9 and Figure 10 The initial locking position is elastically biased as shown.

[0085] The depth limiter (300) differs from the depth limiter (200) in that the central boss (322) is formed to have a shorter axial height than the central boss (222) and has a proximal side (328) that is generally parallel to the annular base (332). Therefore, when the depth limiter (300) is engaged with the cannula (22, 124), the proximal side (328) of the central boss (322) does not limit the latching arm (318) to its maximum deflection angle (MA). Specifically, the latching arm (318) is not configured to engage the proximal side (328) in the fully locked position. The latching arm (318) can still travel up to the arm axis (A). 臂The maximum deflection angle (MA) is not defined by the proximal side (328). Instead, the maximum deflection angle (MA) of the latching arm (318) during use is defined by the point where the latching arm (318) achieves the maximum possible frictional engagement with the outer surface of the cannula (22, 124). This configuration of the depth limiter (300) is functionally substantially similar to the depth limiter (200), while being easier to manufacture due to the simplified shape of the central boss (322).

[0086] C. A third exemplary depth limiter with a pivotable latch arm

[0087] In some cases, it may be desirable to provide a cannulation depth limiter with a housing that tapers distally and includes a latching arm that is rigid and resiliently biased toward the locking position. Figures 11 to 12B An exemplary depth limiter (400) configured in this manner is shown. As described in more detail below, the depth limiter (400) selectively limits the depth to which the cannula (10, 110) can travel into the abdominal wall (2). Similar to depth limiters (200, 300), the depth limiter (400) includes a latching arm (418) pivotally coupled to a housing (420), and the latching arm (418) is resiliently biased to a locked position. The latching arm (418) includes an arm opening (450) having an inner edge (454) similar to the inner edge (254) of the depth limiter (200). In some versions, the inner edge (454) may include an engagement feature (not shown) having geometric features complementary to the ribs (26, 128) of the cannula (22, 124). The latching arm (418) can be manipulated by the thumb or finger to be in a released position (see Figure 12A ) and at least one locking location (see Figure 12B The latch arm (418) can be switched between the depth limiter (400) and the cannula (22, 124) in the release position, in which the latch arm (418) allows relative longitudinal movement between the depth limiter (400) and the cannula (22, 124); in the at least one locked position, the latch arm (418) prevents relative longitudinal movement between the depth limiter (400) and the cannula (22, 124).

[0088] The depth limiter (400) differs from the depth limiter (200) in that the depth limiter (400) includes a housing (420) that at least partially accommodates the latch arm (418), and the biasing of the latch arm (418) is provided by a separate biasing member shown in the form of a compression spring (460). The housing (420) may have any suitable shape capable of supporting the latch arm (418) relative to the cannula (22, 124). In the example shown, the housing (420) includes a distal truncated conical portion (462) and a proximal cylindrical portion (464). The proximal end of the proximal cylindrical portion (464) may be suitably profiled to mate with the distal end of a cannula hub (such as the hub (122) of a reusable cannula assembly (112)) or otherwise with the distal end of a cannula sealing assembly (such as the sealing assembly (30) of a disposable cannula assembly (12)).

[0089] The truncated conical portion (462) includes a truncated distal facet (466) and a conical portion (468). The truncated facet (466) defines a distal aperture (470) that leads into the interior of the body defined by the housing (420), and that extends along the central axis (A). 中心 The cannula (22, 124) is positioned and sized to slidably receive the cannula needle (10, 110). The tapered portion (468) is along the central axis (A). 中心 The tapered portion (468) extends proximally from the truncated facet (466). The tapered portion (468) tapers from a first diameter (472) positioned distally to a second diameter (474) positioned proximally. The first diameter (472) is smaller than the second diameter (474). The cylindrical portion (464) includes an outer wall (476), an inner wall (478), a pivot point (480), and a proximal side (482). The outer wall (476) extends along the central axis (A). 中心 The second diameter (474) of the tapered portion (468) extends proximally to the proximal side (482). The outer wall (476) has a second diameter (474) along its entire length. The proximal side (482) partially covers the top of the cylindrical portion (464) and includes a spring retainer (484) located inside the proximal side (482). The spring retainer (484) may include a center pin (486), an annular recess (488), or a locking tab (not shown) to secure the spring (460) to the interior of the proximal side (482). The spring retainer (484) prevents the spring (460) from unintentionally dislodging from the proximal side (482) of the housing (420).

[0090] The cylindrical portion (464) is defined on the central axis (A) 中心Release slot (490) on the first side (S1). Release slot (490) includes a pair of vertical surfaces (492) and a horizontal surface (494) extending radially from the inner wall (478) to the outer wall (476). The horizontal surface (494) connects to the pair of vertical surfaces (492) on the far side of the proximal side (482). The horizontal surface (494) is tapered to engage the latch arm (418) with a maximum deflection angle (MA) in the fully locked position. The dimensions of release slot (490) are set to allow the latch arm (418) to pivot radially outward about the pivot point (480) through the circle defined by the inner wall (478) and further through the circle defined by the outer wall (476). The dimensions of release slot (490) are set to allow the latch arm (418) to pivot radially outward about the pivot point (480) through the circle defined by the inner wall (478) and further through the circle defined by the outer wall (476). Figure 12A ) to the locked position (see Figure 12B The latch arm (418) is accepted within the full range of motion of the )

[0091] The pivot point (480) is pivotally connected to the central axis (A). 中心 A latching arm (418) is located on a second side (S2) opposite to the first side (S1) and the release slot (490). A pivot point (480) is operatively attached to the inner wall (478). In this embodiment, the pivot point (480) is integral with the inner wall (478). The pivot point (480) may include a snap-fit ​​fitting (not shown), a pin (not shown), a lateral hole (not shown), a movable hinge (not shown), or any other structure that is readily apparent to those skilled in the art as enabling pivotal engagement of a planar moving portion to a rigid housing.

[0092] The latch arm (418) includes a first arm portion (440) and a second wall portion (442). The first arm portion (440) includes a pivot feature (496), a spring engagement feature (498), an arm opening (450), and a first bend (444). The pivot feature (496) is pivotally connected to a pivot point (480). The first arm portion (440) extends from the pivot feature (496) to a free end (448). The first arm portion (440) defines a circular arm opening (450) with a stacked distal aperture (470). The arm opening (450) includes an arm axis (A) centrally located within the arm opening (450). 臂 ).

[0093] Spring engagement feature (498) (see) Figures 12A to 12B ) on the central axis (A) 中心 The second side (S2) is located on the upper portion of the first arm portion (440) corresponding to the position of the spring (460). In this type, the depth limiter (400) is biased to the initial locked position (see...). Figure 12AThe spring engagement feature (498) may include a center pin, an annular recess (not shown), a locking tab (not shown), or any other structure that is obvious to those skilled in the art for securing the spring (460).

[0094] In other configurations, the spring engagement feature (498) may be located on the lower portion of the first arm portion (440) and correspond to a similarly positioned spring retainer (484) to bias the depth limiter (400) to the release position. In still other configurations, the spring engagement feature (498) may be located on the central axis (A). 中心 On the first side (S1) of the )

[0095] The second arm portion (442) extends from the first curved portion (444) to the free end (448) in the proximal direction. The second arm portion (442) may have an arcuate or flat cross-section. If the second arm portion (442) has an arcuate cross-section, the horizontal plane (494) will also be arcuate. The free end (448) includes a foot (452) having a slight curve relative to the second arm portion (442).

[0096] Figure 12A A latch arm (418) of a depth limiter (400) held in the proximal release position is shown. From Figure 12B In the locked position shown, the clinician uses their thumb or finger to rotate the handle (452) about the pivot point (480) in an arc-shaped proximal direction toward the cannula (22, 124), thereby overcoming the opposing bias of the compression spring (460). The latch arm (418) compresses the spring (460) between the spring retainer (484) and the spring engagement feature (498). When the first arm portion (440) is pivoted to be substantially perpendicular to the central axis (A... 中心 At an angle of ), the arm opening (450) and the distal hole (470) are concentrically aligned so that the arm axis (A) 臂 ) and central axis (A) 中心 Coaxial. The inner edge (454) of the arm opening (450) no longer engages with the cannula (22, 124), thereby allowing the depth limiter (400) to move axially along the cannula (22, 124).

[0097] Figure 12B The latch arm (418) of the depth limiter (400) in the locked position is shown. The latch arm (418) is simply released from the user's thumb or finger by the handle foot (452). Figure 12A The released position changes to the locked position. Once released, the spring (460) biases the spring engagement feature (498) distally, thereby causing the first arm portion (440) to rotate about the pivot point (480). When the arm axis (A) 臂No longer aligned with the central axis (A) 中心 During alignment, the inner edge (454) of the arm opening (450) re-engages the cannula (22, 124), thereby axially locking the depth limiter (400) relative to the cannula (22, 124). In some configurations, the depth limiter (400) may also include one or more pawl features (not shown) configured to releasably hold the latch arm (418) in a released and / or locked position until the clinician actuates the latch arm (418) away from the stop position.

[0098] In some configurations, the latch arm (418) is movable relative to the housing (420) between multiple locking positions, such as an initial locked position and a fully locked position. For example, Figure 11 and Figure 12B The position of the latch arm (418) shown constitutes an initial locked position, such that the latch arm (418) can be further transitioned to a fully locked position by pressing the handle foot (452) further distally and radially outward with the thumb or finger. The latch arm (418) will rotate in an arc about the pivot point (480) until the second arm portion (442) engages the horizontal plane (494) with the maximum deflection angle (MA). The horizontal plane (494) will prevent the inner edge (454) from over-engaging the cannula (22, 124). Arm axis (A) 臂 ) will be relative to the central axis (A) 中心 The angle is further adjusted so that the arm opening (450) is not quite aligned with the distal opening (470). The central axis (A) 中心 ) and arm axis (A 臂 The increased alignment difference between the two leads to greater frictional engagement and resulting locking force between the inner edge (454) of the latch arm (418) and the outer surface of the cannula (22, 124).

[0099] D. Fourth Exemplary Depth Limiter

[0100] Figure 13 A perspective view of a fourth exemplary depth limiter (1010) is shown. The depth limiter (1010) includes a hub (1012) and a plurality of legs (1014). The depth limiter (1010) can be used in conjunction with the depth limiters (200, 300, 400) described above. Although the hub (1012) is shown as generally square, other shapes of hubs (1012) are also conceivable. As shown, the hub (1012) includes a bore (1016) that extends fully through it. The bore (1016) may include a gripping surface (1018). The gripping surface (1018) may extend parallel to a longitudinal axis defined by the cannula conduit (22) of the cannula (20). Although Figures 13-14B refer to Figure 1The cannula (10) with insertion channel (22) described has a depth limiter (1010), but other cannula channels (e.g., cannula (124)) may also be used. The gripping surface (1018) may be smooth or non-smooth. Figure 13 As shown, the gripping surface (1018) includes a smooth surface that can frictionally engage with a portion of the cannula (20), such as a rib (26) . Alternatively, the gripping surface (1018) may include a non-smooth surface that may include one or more features to lockably engage with the cannula conduit (22). In other words, the depth limiter (1010) may be secured to the cannula (20) using a mating thread (such as a nut) or a suitable amount of interference fit. Such threads of the depth limiter (1010) may be helical or non-helical (e.g., fan-shaped). For example, the gripping surface (1018) may include at least one tooth configured to lockably engage with at least one rib (26) of the cannula (20).

[0101] The leg (1014) may have a generally constant cross-sectional area that moves radially away from the hub (1012); however, the leg (1014) may have a non-uniform cross-section. For example, one or more ends of the leg (1014) may include cup-shaped portions (1020) to distribute downward forces. As shown, the legs (1014) are spaced approximately 90 degrees apart. More or fewer legs (1014) are also conceivable.

[0102] A depth limiter (1010) provides additional stability to the cannula (10) against tilting. The depth limiter (1010) may be configured to use legs (1014) to limit sudden tilting, thereby stabilizing the cannula (20). The depth limiter (1010) is configured to prevent accidental over-insertion while also limiting the displacement and / or velocity of the cannula (10) to stabilize it. This stabilization may be achieved using the mechanical spring effect of each leg (1014). The legs (1014) may have reduced mass, allowing them to flex outward, resulting in a variable spring resistance in each direction in which the cannula (10) attempts to tilt. For example, the legs (1014) may have a reduced mass portion (e.g., a movable hinge portion) and / or may rely on the inherent spring force of the legs (1014). The leg (1014) may contact the patient’s body wall to prevent or at least slow down the tilting of the cannula (120).

[0103] Figures 14A-14B The depth limiter (1010) is shown; however, Figures 14A-14B The teaching content can also be applied to the depth limiters (1110, 1210) described in detail below. Figure 14A It shows the relationship with Figure 1The cannula needle (10) is connected to the cannula assembly (12) and the cannula tube (22). Figure 13 A partial side sectional view of the depth limiter (1010), wherein the leg (1014) of the depth limiter (1010) is in a non-deployed configuration when the distal end of the cannula (10) is received within the abdominal cavity (1). Figure 14A In the non-deployed configuration (e.g., the stationary configuration), the legs (1014) can bend downwards. As the depth limiter (1010) is pushed against the abdominal wall (2), the legs (1014) bend flatter, providing a reaction force against the abdominal wall (2) and the cannula (20). The degree to which the legs (1014) bend flatter can be controlled by the user. For example, an additional force (e.g., downward hand pressure from the user) may cause the legs (1014) to bend flatter until the depth limiter (1010) is positioned close to the abdominal wall (2). As the flatness of the legs (1014) increases, the amount of reaction force on the cannula (20) may also increase, which increases the locking force. For example, the legs (1014) may have a degree of deployment when the user has pressed the depth limiter (1010) into a partially (but not fully) deployed configuration. Additionally, if the user subsequently applies an off-axis load, one or more of the legs (1014) may press further than the other legs (1014), but when the off-axis load is removed, the legs (1014) can balance and return to their original centered position in a controlled manner.

[0104] Figure 14B The following is shown after the separation and removal of the packer (16) and... Figure 1 The cannulation assembly (12) is connected to the cannulation tube (22). Figure 13 A partial side cross-sectional view of the depth limiter (1010) is shown, wherein the legs (1014) of the depth limiter (1010) are in an extended configuration with the distal end of the cannula (22) received within the abdominal cavity (1). In the extended configuration, the legs (1014) reduce the amount of rotational displacement / tilting that the cannula (10) can achieve, and also reduce the speed at which the cannula (10) can achieve this tilting (i.e., preventing sudden, accidental movement within the body). To completely disengage the depth limiter (1010) from the cannula (22), the user can retract the cannula (20) outside the abdominal wall (2) to sufficiently reduce the compressive / clamping force of the depth limiter (1010) on the abdominal wall (2), allowing the user to pull the depth limiter (1010) back with their hands. The depth limiter (1010) can be disposable or reusable.

[0105] E. Fifth Exemplary Depth Limiter

[0106] Figure 15A fifth exemplary depth limiter (1110) similar to a depth limiter (1010) is shown. The depth limiter (1110) includes a hub (1112) similar to a hub (1012), legs (1114) similar to legs (1014), a hole (1116) similar to a hole (1016), and a gripping surface (1118) similar to a gripping surface (1018). The legs (1114) may include a cup-shaped portion (1120) similar to a cup-shaped portion (1020). Unlike the depth limiter (1010) shown as including four legs (1014), the depth limiter (1110) includes two legs (1114). For example, the legs (1114) may be separated by approximately 180 degrees. The legs (1114) are similar to those referenced above. Figures 14A-14B The legs (1014) are bent as shown.

[0107] F. Sixth Exemplary Depth Limiter

[0108] Figure 16 A sixth exemplary depth limiter (1210) similar to depth limiters (1010, 1110) is shown. The depth limiter (1210) includes a hub (1212) similar to a hub (1012), legs (1214) similar to legs (1014), holes (1216) similar to holes (1016), and gripping surfaces (1218) similar to gripping surfaces (1018). The legs (1114) may include cup-shaped portions (1220) similar to cup-shaped portions (1020). Unlike the depth limiter (1010) shown as including four legs (1014), the depth limiter (1210) includes three legs (1214). For example, the legs (1214) may be evenly spaced approximately 120 degrees circumferentially around the hub (1212). However, the legs (1214) may be unevenly spaced. In some cases, using three or four legs (1014, 1214, 1314, 1414) allows for further stability and ergonomics to allow the user's (U) fingers to grasp. The legs (1214) can be similar to those referenced above. Figures 14A-14B The legs (1014) are bent as shown.

[0109] G. Seventh Exemplary Depth Limiter

[0110] Figures 17-19B A seventh exemplary depth limiter (1310) is shown. Specifically, Figure 17A perspective view of the depth limiter (1310) is shown. As shown, the depth limiter (1310) includes a hub (1312) and a plurality of legs (1314) extending from the hub (1312). The depth limiter (1310) can be used in conjunction with any or more of the depth limiters (200, 300, 400) described above. Although the hub (1312) is shown as generally cylindrical, other shapes of hubs (1312) are also conceivable. As shown, the hub (1312) includes a bore 1316 and a plurality of recesses 1318. The recesses (1318) allow the depth limiter (1310) to be converted from a movable configuration to a fixed configuration.

[0111] The aperture (1316) includes a gripping surface (1320) configured to engage with the outer surface of the cannula (124) in a fixed configuration. The gripping surface (1320) may extend parallel to the longitudinal axis defined by the cannula (124) of the cannula (120). Although Figures 18A to 19B The depth limiter (1310) is described with reference to the insertion cannula (124) of the cannula (110), but other insertion cannulas (e.g., insertion cannula (22)) may also be used. The gripping surface (1320) may be smooth or non-smooth. Figure 17 As shown, the gripping surface (1320) may include a smooth surface that frictionally engages with the ribs (128) of the cannula (120) in a fixed configuration. Alternatively, the gripping surface (1320) may include a non-smooth surface that may include one or more features for locking engagement with the cannula conduit (124). The hub (1312) of the depth limiter (1310) may be secured to the cannula (120) using a mating thread (such as a nut) or an interference fit. The thread may be helical or non-helical (e.g., fan-shaped). For example, the gripping surface (1320) may include at least one tooth configured to lockably engage with at least one rib (128) of the cannula (120). For example, a notch (1318) may be formed in the hub (1312) of the depth limiter (1310) such that when sufficient force is applied to each leg (1314), the leg (1314) may selectively collapse, causing the gripping surface (1320) to clamp more tightly onto the cannula (120). Thus, the depth limiter (1310) can limit the insertion depth of the cannula channel (124) of the cannula (120) and provide stability control of the cannula channel (124) of the cannula (120).

[0112] The legs (1314) may have a generally tapered cross-section that moves radially away from the hub (1312). For example, one or more ends of the legs (1314) may include distal end pads (1122) to distribute downward forces. As shown, the legs (1314) are spaced approximately 90 degrees apart. The legs (1314) may be spaced unevenly. Alternatively, more or fewer legs (1314) are also conceivable (similar to...). Figures 16 to 17 (The legs associated with the depth limiter (1310, 1410) are shown. The depth limiter (1310) provides additional stability to the cannula (110) against tilting. The depth limiter (1310) may be configured to use the legs (1314) to limit sudden tilting, thereby stabilizing the cannula (120). The legs (1314) may contact the body wall to prevent or at least slow down the tilting of the cannula (120).

[0113] Figure 18A and Figure 19A A depth limiter (1310) in a movable configuration is shown. Specifically, Figure 18A It shows the relationship with Figure 5 The cannulation assembly (112) is connected to the cannulation conduit (124). Figure 17 Top plan view of the depth limiter (1310), wherein the hub (1312) of the depth limiter (1310) is in a movable configuration. Figure 19A It shows the relationship with Figure 5 The cannulation assembly (112) is connected to the cannulation conduit (124). Figure 17 A partial side sectional view of the depth limiter (1310), wherein the legs (1314) of the depth limiter (1310) are in a movable configuration. Figure 18A and Figure 19A In the movable configuration, the gripping surfaces (1320) collectively form a second effective diameter (ED2), which allows axial movement of the depth limiter (1310) relative to the outer diameter of the cannulation channel (124) of the cannulation assembly (112). In the movable configuration, which is also considered a stationary configuration, the legs (1314) bend downwards. Once pushed against the abdominal wall (2), the legs (1314) bend more flat and provide reaction forces against the abdominal wall (2) and the cannulation channel (120).

[0114] Figure 18B and Figure 19B A depth limiter (1310) in a movable configuration is shown. Specifically, Figure 18B The diagram shows the interaction after the tampon (116) is separated and removed. Figure 5 The cannulation assembly (112) is connected to the cannulation conduit (124). Figure 17A partial side sectional view of the depth limiter (1310), wherein the leg (1314) of the depth limiter (1310) is in a fixed configuration. Figure 19B The diagram shows the interaction after the tampon (116) is separated and removed. Figure 5 The cannulation assembly (112) is connected to the cannulation conduit (124). Figure 17 A partial side cross-sectional view of the depth limiter (1310), wherein the legs (1314) of the depth limiter (1310) are in a fixed configuration. In the fixed configuration, the notch (1318) can be forced closed to narrow the orifice (1316). The legs (1314) reduce the amount of rotational displacement / tilting that the cannula (110) may exhibit, and also reduce the speed at which the cannula (110) may tilt (i.e., prevent sudden movement within the body). In the fixed configuration, the gripping surfaces (1320) together form a first effective diameter (ED1) that limits the axial movement of the depth limiter (1310) relative to the cannula (120) by direct contact with the cannula (120). The depth limiter (1310) can be disposable or reusable.

[0115] H. Eighth Exemplary Depth Limiter

[0116] Figure 20 A top cross-sectional view of an eighth exemplary depth limiter (1410) is shown. The depth limiter (1410) includes a hub (1412) and a plurality of legs (1414) extending from the hub (1412). The depth limiter (1410) can be used in conjunction with any or more of the depth limiters (200, 300, 400) described above. In some forms, the hub (1412) can be generally cylindrical. As shown, the hub (1412) includes a bore (1416) configured to receive a cannula (120) conduit (124). As shown, the legs (1414) can be separated by approximately 90 degrees. However, the legs (1414) can be separated unevenly. Alternatively, more or fewer legs (1414) are also conceivable (similar to those in Figures 14 to 15). Figure 15 The legs shown are associated with the depth limiters (1110, 1210).

[0117] The depth limiter (1410) includes a fluid chamber (1418) that may be disposed within the hub (1412) and the leg (1414). For example, the fluid chamber (1418) may be completely surrounded by the hub (1412) and the leg (1414). The fluid chamber may include a plurality of fluid channels (1420) including a narrow portion (1422). The narrow portion (1422) may be generally disposed between the hub (1412) and the leg (1414). The narrow portion (1422) regulates the flow between the hub (1412) and the leg (1414). In other words, the fluid chamber (1418) may be integrated into the leg (1414), wherein the narrow portion (1422) forms a restricted flow region at the base of each leg (1414). As shown, one or more ends of the legs (1414) may include extensions (1424) configured to extend from a compression configuration (C) to an expansion configuration (E). A depth limiter (1410) provides additional stability to the cannula (110) against tilting. As additional tilting forces act on each individual leg (1414), fluid may be redistributed to the other legs (1414), but the fluid may be restricted by these narrow sections (1422), thus creating a damping effect on the tilting of the cannula (110). This damping effect regulates the rate of tilting of the cannula (110). Therefore, the depth limiter (1410) can limit sudden tilting of the cannula (110) via restricted fluid flow between the legs (1414), thereby stabilizing the insertion (120).

[0118] The orifice (1416) includes a gripping surface (1426) that can engage with the outer surface of the cannula (124) of the cannula (120). The gripping surface (1426) may extend parallel to the longitudinal axis defined by the cannula (124) of the cannula (120). The gripping surface (1426) may be smooth or non-smooth. Figure 20 As shown, the gripping surface (1426) may include a smooth surface that frictionally engages with the ribs (128) of the cannula (120). Alternatively, the gripping surface (1426) may include a non-smooth surface that may include one or more features for locking engagement with the cannula conduit (124). For example, the hub (1412) of the depth limiter (1410) may be secured to the cannula (120) or to a fan-shaped cannula using a mating thread (such as a nut). The thread may be helical or non-helical (e.g., fan-shaped). For example, the gripping surface (1426) may include at least one tooth configured to lockably engage with at least one rib (128) of the cannula (120). The depth limiter (1410) may be disposable.

[0119] III. Exemplary Combinations

[0120] The following examples illustrate various non-exhaustive ways in which the teachings herein can be combined or applied. It should be understood that the following examples are not intended to limit the scope of any claims that may be provided at any time in this patent application or a subsequent filing thereof. No disclaimer is intended. The following examples are provided merely for illustrative purposes. It is contemplated that the various teachings herein may be arranged and applied in a variety of other ways. It is also contemplated that some variations may omit certain features mentioned in the following examples. Therefore, none of the aspects or features mentioned below should be considered definitive unless otherwise expressly indicated, for example, by the inventor or a successor of the inventor of interest, at a later date. If any claim set forth in this patent application or a subsequent filing related to this patent application includes additional features beyond those mentioned below, such additional features should not be presumed to have been added for any reason related to patentability.

[0121] Example 1

[0122] A depth limiter configured for use with a surgical cannula, the depth limiter comprising: (a) an annular base including: (i) a lower side configured to abut against a patient for positioning; and (ii) a boss extending about a longitudinal axis of the depth limiter, wherein the boss has a boss lumen configured to receive the surgical cannula therethrough; and (b) a latching arm coupled to the annular base, wherein the latching arm overlaps the boss and includes components configured to align with the boss lumen for receiving The surgical cannula has an arm opening through which the latching arm is selectively movable relative to the annular base between a released position and a locked position. In the released position, the arm opening is coaxially positioned with the inner cavity of the boss, thereby allowing the depth limiter to move longitudinally along the surgical cannula. In the locked position, the arm opening is non-coaxially positioned with the inner cavity of the boss, thereby engaging the outer surface of the surgical cannula and thus preventing the depth limiter from moving longitudinally along the surgical cannula.

[0123] Example 2

[0124] According to the depth limiter of Embodiment 1, the release position is the proximal position and the locking position is the distal position.

[0125] Example 3

[0126] According to any one of the foregoing embodiments, the depth limiter is wherein the latch arm is resiliently biased in a direction away from the release position and toward the lock position.

[0127] Example 4

[0128] The depth limiter according to any one of the foregoing embodiments, wherein the latch arm includes a spring arm.

[0129] Example 5

[0130] According to any one of the foregoing embodiments, the depth limiter includes an upwardly curved lip configured to be engaged by a user to change the latch arm from the released position to the locked position.

[0131] Example 6

[0132] According to any one of the foregoing embodiments, the depth limiter includes a first arm portion extending away from the annular base and a second arm portion extending from the first arm portion toward the central axis.

[0133] Example 7

[0134] According to the depth limiter of embodiment 6, the second arm portion is configured to extend perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis when the latch arm is in the released position.

[0135] Example 8

[0136] According to any one of the foregoing embodiments, the depth limiter is configured to limit the maximum deflection angle of the latch arm in the direction toward the annular base.

[0137] Example 9

[0138] According to the depth limiter of embodiment 8, the boss includes a proximal side, wherein the proximal side is positioned obliquely relative to the longitudinal axis and is configured to engage the latch arm when the latch arm is at the maximum deflection angle.

[0139] Example 10

[0140] According to any one of the foregoing embodiments, the depth limiter includes a pair of release cutting features adjacent to the base end of the latch arm connected to the annular base, wherein the release cutting features are configured to facilitate deflection of the latch arm relative to the annular base.

[0141] Example 11

[0142] According to any one of the foregoing embodiments, the depth limiter includes an edge defining a portion of the arm opening, wherein the edge is configured to engage a side portion of the surgical cannula to thereby hold the latch arm in the locked position.

[0143] Example 12

[0144] According to the depth limiter of embodiment 11, the edge is configured to engage with the tissue engagement feature of the surgical cannula.

[0145] Example 13

[0146] According to any one of the foregoing embodiments, the depth limiter includes an annular base comprising a rolled outer edge.

[0147] Example 14

[0148] The depth limiter according to any one of the foregoing embodiments, wherein each of the boss cavity and the arm opening has the same transverse cross-sectional shape.

[0149] Example 15

[0150] According to any one of the foregoing embodiments, the depth limiter includes a first locking position, wherein the latch arm is biased toward the first locking position and is movable toward the annular base from the first locking position to a second locking position, wherein in the second locking position, the degree of non-coaxiality between the arm opening and the boss opening is greater than the degree of non-coaxiality when in the first locking position.

[0151] Example 16

[0152] According to the depth limiter of embodiment 15, the latch arm is configured to directly contact the boss when in the second locked position.

[0153] Example 17

[0154] A surgical access device assembly includes: (a) a cannula having a working channel configured to guide surgical instruments along a longitudinal axis of the cannula; and (b) a depth limiter movably coupled to the cannula, the depth limiter including: (i) a base having a channel extending through the base along a channel axis; and (ii) a latching arm coupled to the base, wherein the latching arm overlaps the channel and includes an arm opening having an opening axis, wherein the cannula is slidably disposed within the channel and the arm opening, wherein the latching arm is selectively movable relative to the base between a released position and a locked position, wherein in the released position the opening axis is aligned with the channel axis such that the depth limiter is configured to translate freely longitudinally along the cannula, and wherein in the locked position the opening axis is not aligned with the channel axis such that the latching arm is configured to engage an outer surface of the cannula and thereby fix the depth limiter longitudinally relative to the cannula.

[0155] Example 18

[0156] According to the surgical access device assembly of Embodiment 17, the latch arm is resiliently biased toward the locked position.

[0157] Example 19

[0158] According to any one of Embodiments 17 to 18, the surgical access device assembly includes a proximal side configured to abut the latch arm in the locked position and thereby limit the range of movement of the latch arm in the direction toward the base.

[0159] Example 20

[0160] A depth limiter configured for use with a surgical cannula, the depth limiter comprising: (a) a base including: (i) an underside configured to abut against a patient for positioning; and (ii) a boss extending about a longitudinal axis of the depth limiter, wherein the boss has a proximal side and a boss lumen configured to receive the surgical cannula therethrough; and (b) a latching arm coupled to the base, wherein the latching arm overlaps the boss and includes an arm opening configured to align with the boss lumen to receive the surgical cannula therethrough. The latching arm is selectively movable relative to the base between a proximal release position and a distal locking position. In the proximal release position, the arm opening is coaxially positioned with the inner cavity of the boss, thereby allowing the depth limiter to translate along the surgical cannula. In the distal locking position, the latching arm is configured to abut the proximal side of the boss, and the arm opening is non-coaxially positioned with the inner cavity of the boss, thereby engaging the outer surface of the surgical cannula and thus preventing translation of the depth limiter relative to the surgical cannula.

[0161] IV. Miscellaneous

[0162] It should be understood that any one or more of the teachings, expressions, embodiments, examples, etc., described herein can be combined with any one or more of the other teachings, expressions, embodiments, examples, etc., described herein. Therefore, the foregoing teachings, expressions, embodiments, examples, etc., should not be considered in isolation from each other. Various suitable ways in which the teachings herein can be combined will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the claims.

[0163] Furthermore, any one or more of the teachings herein may be combined with any one or more of the teachings disclosed in the following patent applications: U.S. Patent Application No. END9247USNP1, entitled “Pinch-To-Release Cannula Depth Limiter,” filed on the same date as this application; U.S. Patent Application No. END9247USNP2, entitled “Multi-Diameter Cannula Depth Limiter,” filed on the same date as this application; U.S. Patent Application No. END9247USNP3, entitled “Pinch-To-Clamp Cannula Depth Limiter,” filed on the same date as this application; U.S. Patent Application No. END9247USNP4, entitled “Universal Size Multi-Walled Elastomer Cannula Depth Limiter,” filed on the same date as this application; and U.S. Patent Application No. END9247USNP4, entitled “Threaded Cannula Depth Limiter,” filed on the same date as this application. The following U.S. patent applications were filed on the same date as this application: “Limiter” (Attorney-in-charge reference number END9247USNP5); “Two Piece Separable Obturator” (Attorney-in-charge reference number END9247USNP7); “Latchless Obturator with Interference Fit Feature” (Attorney-in-charge reference number END9247USNP8); “Balancing Feature for Reusable Trocar” (Attorney-in-charge reference number END9247USNP9); “Airflow Channels and Patterns in Lumen for Cannula” (Attorney-in-charge reference number END9247USNP10); and / or “Stabilizer for Surgical Shafts or Cannulas” (Attorney-in-charge reference number END9247USNP11). The disclosure of each of these patent applications is incorporated herein by reference.

[0164] It should be understood that any patent, patent publication, or other public material allegedly incorporated herein by reference, whether in whole or in part, is incorporated only to the extent that the incorporated material does not conflict with any existing definitions, statements, or other public material set forth in this disclosure. Therefore, and to the extent necessary, the disclosures expressly listed herein replace any conflicting material incorporated herein by reference. Any material, or part thereof, allegedly incorporated herein by reference that conflicts with any existing definitions, statements, or other public material set forth herein will be incorporated only to the extent that the incorporated material does not conflict with any existing public material.

[0165] The aforementioned devices can be applied to both traditional medical treatments and surgeries performed by medical professionals and robot-assisted medical treatments and surgeries. By way of example only, the various teachings herein can be readily incorporated into robotic surgical systems, such as the DAVINCI system from Intuitive Surgical, Inc. (Sunnyvale, California). TMSystem. Similarly, those skilled in the art will recognize that the various teachings herein can be readily combined with the teachings of any of the following patents: U.S. Patent 5,792,135, entitled “Articulated Surgical Instrument For Performing Minimally Invasive Surgery With Enhanced Dexterity and Sensitivity,” published August 11, 1998, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference; U.S. Patent 8,783,541, entitled “Robotically-Controlled Surgical End Effector System,” published July 22, 2014, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference; U.S. Patent 8,479,969, entitled “Drive Interface for Operably Coupling a Manipulatable Surgical Tool to a Robot,” published July 9, 2013; and U.S. Patent 8,479,969, entitled “Robotically-Controlled Cable-Based Surgical End…”, published August 12, 2014. U.S. Patent 8,800,838, entitled “Effectors”, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference; and / or U.S. Patent 8,573,465, entitled “Robotically-Controlled Surgical End Effector System with Rotary Actuated Closure Systems”, published on November 5, 2013, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0166] Devices of the types described above may be designed for single-use and disposal, or they may be designed for multiple uses. In either or both cases, these types may be repaired for reuse after at least one use. Repair may include any combination of the following steps: disassembling the device, then cleaning or replacing specific parts, and subsequently reassembling. Specifically, some types of devices may be disassembled, and any combination may be used to selectively replace or remove any number of specific parts or portions of the device. While cleaning and / or replacing specific components, some types of devices may be reassembled at a repair facility or by the user prior to surgery for subsequent use. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that device repair can utilize a variety of techniques for disassembly, cleaning / replacement, and reassembly. The use of such techniques and the resulting repaired devices are within the scope of this application.

[0167] By way of example only, the types described herein can be sterilized before and / or after surgery. In one sterilization technique, the device is placed in a closed and sealed container such as a plastic bag or a TYVEK bag. The container and device can then be placed in a radiation field that can penetrate the container, such as gamma radiation, X-rays, or high-energy electrons. The radiation kills bacteria on the device and in the container. The sterilized device can then be stored in a sterile container for later use. Any other techniques known in the art can also be used to sterilize the device, including but not limited to beta or gamma radiation, ethylene oxide, or vapor.

[0168] Various embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, and further improvements to the methods and systems described herein can be achieved by suitable modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Several such possible modifications have been mentioned, and other modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art. For example, the embodiments, implementations, geometries, materials, dimensions, ratios, steps, etc., discussed above are illustrative and not essential. Therefore, the scope of the invention should be considered in accordance with the following claims and should be understood as not being limited to the details of the structures and operations shown and described in the specification and drawings.

Claims

1. A depth limiter configured for use with a surgical cannula, the depth limiter comprising: (a) An annular base, the annular base comprising: (i) The lower side, which is configured to abut against the patient for positioning, and (ii) a boss extending proximally about the longitudinal axis of the depth limiter, wherein the boss has a boss lumen configured to receive the surgical cannula passing through it; and (b) A latching arm, connected to the annular base, wherein the latching arm overlaps the boss and includes an arm opening configured to align with the inner cavity of the boss to receive the surgical cannula passing through therethrough. The latch arm is selectively movable relative to the annular base between a released position and a locked position. In the released position, the arm opening is coaxially positioned with the inner cavity of the boss, thereby enabling the latching arm to allow the depth limiter to move longitudinally along the surgical cannula. In the locked position, the arm opening is non-coaxially positioned with the inner cavity of the boss, such that the latch arm is configured to engage the outer surface of the surgical cannula and thereby prevent the depth limiter from moving longitudinally along the surgical cannula. The release position is the proximal position, and the locking position is the distal position.

2. The depth limiter according to claim 1, wherein, The latch arm is elastically biased toward the direction away from the release position and toward the lock position.

3. The depth limiter according to claim 1, wherein, The latch arm includes a spring arm.

4. The depth limiter according to claim 1, wherein, The latch arm includes an upwardly curved lip configured to be engaged by a user to change the latch arm from the released position to the locked position.

5. The depth limiter according to claim 1, wherein, The latch arm includes a first arm portion extending away from the annular base and a second arm portion extending from the first arm portion toward the longitudinal axis.

6. The depth limiter according to claim 5, wherein, The second arm portion is configured to extend perpendicular to the longitudinal axis when the latch arm is in the released position.

7. The depth limiter according to claim 1, wherein, The boss is configured to limit the maximum deflection angle of the latch arm in the direction toward the annular base.

8. The depth limiter according to claim 7, wherein, The boss includes a proximal side, wherein the proximal side is positioned obliquely relative to the longitudinal axis and is configured to engage the latch arm when the latch arm is at the maximum deflection angle.

9. The depth limiter according to claim 1, wherein, The annular base includes a pair of release-cutting features adjacent to the base end of the latch arm coupled to the annular base, wherein the release-cutting features are configured to facilitate deflection of the latch arm relative to the annular base.

10. The depth limiter according to claim 1, wherein, The latching arm includes an edge defining a portion of the arm opening, wherein the edge is configured to engage a side portion of the surgical cannula to thereby hold the latching arm in the locked position.

11. The depth limiter according to claim 10, wherein, The edge is configured to engage with the tissue engagement features of the surgical cannula.

12. The depth limiter according to claim 1, wherein, The annular base includes an outer edge formed by rolling.

13. The depth limiter according to claim 1, wherein, Each of the inner cavity of the boss and the opening of the arm has the same transverse cross-sectional shape.

14. The depth limiter according to claim 1, wherein, The locking position includes a first locking position, wherein the latch arm is biased toward the first locking position and is movable toward the annular base from the first locking position to a second locking position, wherein in the second locking position, the degree of decoaxiality between the arm opening and the boss opening is greater than the degree of decoaxiality when in the first locking position.

15. The depth limiter according to claim 14, wherein, The latch arm is configured to directly contact the boss when in the second locked position.

16. A surgical access device assembly, comprising: (a) A cannula having a working channel configured to guide surgical instruments along the longitudinal axis of the cannula; and (b) a depth limiter, movably coupled to the cannula, the depth limiter comprising: (i) A base having a channel extending through the base along a channel axis, wherein the base includes a lower side and a boss, the lower side being configured to abut against a patient for positioning, the boss extending proximally about a longitudinal axis of the depth limiter, wherein the boss has a boss lumen configured to receive the cannula passing through it, and (ii) a latching arm connected to the base, wherein the latching arm overlaps the channel and includes an arm opening having an opening axis, wherein the cannula is slidably disposed within the channel and the arm opening. The latch arm is selectively movable relative to the base between a released position and a locked position. In the release position, the opening axis is aligned with the channel axis, such that the depth limiter is configured to translate freely along the longitudinal direction of the cannula. In the locked position, the opening axis is misaligned with the channel axis, such that the latch arm is configured to engage the outer surface of the cannula and thereby fix the depth limiter longitudinally relative to the cannula. The release position is the proximal position, and the locking position is the distal position.

17. The surgical access device assembly of claim 16, wherein, The latch arm is elastically biased toward the locked position.

18. The surgical access device assembly of claim 16, wherein, The base includes a proximal side configured to abut the latch arm in the locked position and thereby limit the range of motion of the latch arm in the direction toward the base.

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