A battery swap power battery electrical system

Abstract

The application provides a power battery electrical system for battery swap, which comprises a BDU assembly, a fast-swap connector and a power battery, wherein the BDU assembly is connected with the power battery and the fast-swap connector in high voltage, and comprises a main contactor, a pre-charging contactor, a pre-charging resistor and a fuse which are connected in sequence; the fast-swap connector is used for realizing high-voltage connection between the power battery and the vehicle, and is connected with a low-voltage wire harness on the vehicle in low voltage; a BMS is connected with a VCU in communication, and is used for detecting voltage and current of the power battery, temperature of a high-voltage terminal of the fast-swap connector, whether the fast-swap connector is matched in place, and fault diagnosis; a locking mechanism monitoring sensor is used for detecting whether a locking hook of a locking mechanism of the power battery is locked in place; and the VCU is used for fault processing according to fault information provided by the BMS and an un-locked signal provided by the locking mechanism monitoring sensor; the application can better ensure driving safety, and is beneficial to realizing battery swap and safe and reliable operation of the vehicle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of power battery electrical system technology, and specifically relates to a battery swapping power battery electrical system. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of new energy technologies, battery-swapping vehicles are gradually gaining popularity, especially for commercial vehicles, where battery swapping is fast, convenient, and saves on operating costs. Currently, the key factor restricting the development of new energy vehicles is charging speed; charging time is significantly longer than refueling time for traditional vehicles. The main solution currently available is battery swapping, which is safe and fast. Therefore, designing a battery swapping electrical system to facilitate vehicle battery swapping and ensure safe and reliable vehicle operation has become a pressing technical problem for those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a battery swapping electrical system to solve the aforementioned technical problems in the prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0005] A battery swapping electrical system, comprising:

[0006] The BDU assembly is used for high-voltage output control of the power battery. It is connected to the power battery and quick-swap connector at high voltage, and includes a main contactor, a pre-charge contactor, a pre-charge resistor, and a fuse connected in sequence.

[0007] The quick-swap connector is connected to the high-voltage BDU assembly to achieve a high-voltage connection between the power battery and the vehicle; at the same time, it is connected to the low-voltage wiring harness on the vehicle to achieve a low-voltage connection between the power battery and the vehicle.

[0008] BMS, which communicates with VCU, is used to detect the voltage and current of the power battery, the temperature of the high-voltage terminal of the fast-swap connector, and to detect whether the fast-swap connector is properly fitted and to perform fault diagnosis.

[0009] The locking mechanism monitoring sensor is connected to the VCU and is used to detect whether the locking hook of the power battery locking mechanism is locked in place.

[0010] The VCU is used to handle faults based on fault information provided by the BMS and the unlocked position signal provided by the locking mechanism monitoring sensor.

[0011] Preferably, when the BMS detects that the temperature of the high-voltage terminal of the quick-swap connector is higher than the set temperature, it reports fault information 1 to the VCU. The fault handling method of the VCU after receiving fault information 1 is: to perform vehicle power limiting to limit the vehicle speed within the set speed; at the same time, after the instrument obtains fault information 1, it will provide alarm information to the driver so that maintenance can be carried out in a timely manner.

[0012] Preferably, the set temperature is 80°C to 90°C.

[0013] Preferably, the set speed is 35 km / h to 45 km / h.

[0014] Preferably, during vehicle operation, when the BMS detects a fast-swap connector connection interlock fault, i.e. the connector is not properly engaged, the BMS will report fault information two to the VCU. The VCU's fault handling method after receiving fault information two is as follows: it performs vehicle power limiting, and after the vehicle speed is reduced to within the set speed limit, it controls the main contactor in the BDU assembly to disconnect, so that the vehicle is powered down; at the same time, after the instrument receives fault information two, it will provide alarm information to the driver.

[0015] Preferably, the speed limit is set to be between 4 km / h and 6 km / h.

[0016] Preferably, during the vehicle power-on process, when the BMS detects a fast-swap connector connection interlock fault, i.e. the connector is not properly engaged, the BMS reports fault information three to the VCU. The VCU's handling method after receiving fault information three is as follows: control the pre-charge contactor to disconnect, and do not allow the vehicle to power on; at the same time, the instrument provides alarm information to remind the driver to perform maintenance in a timely manner.

[0017] Preferably, when the locking mechanism monitoring sensor detects that the locking hook is not locked in place or has fallen off, it will upload a high-level signal to the VCU. The fault handling method of the VCU after receiving the signal is as follows: report the "locking mechanism abnormality fault" information to the CAN bus, and at the same time perform vehicle power limiting processing to limit the vehicle speed to within 40km / h; after the instrument obtains the "locking mechanism abnormality fault" information from the CAN bus, it will display "locking mechanism abnormality" on the instrument display screen to the driver so that timely maintenance can be carried out.

[0018] Preferably, the BDU assembly is equipped with a current sensor that is electrically connected to the BMS.

[0019] Preferably, the locking mechanism monitoring sensor is a distance sensor.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0021] The battery swapping electrical system of the present invention can detect the voltage and current of the power battery, the temperature of the high-voltage terminal of the fast swapping connector, whether the fast swapping connector is properly engaged, and whether the locking hook of the power battery locking mechanism is properly locked in real time, and perform fault diagnosis and fault handling, thereby ensuring driving safety and facilitating the battery swapping and safe and reliable operation of the vehicle. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and the specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the drawings, wherein...

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the electrical system for a battery swapping power system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the battery swapping electrical system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the BDU assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a quick-swap connector provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a temperature sensor installed on a quick-swap connector according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the locking mechanism monitoring sensors provided in an embodiment of the present invention when there are four sensors.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the locking mechanism monitoring sensor provided in an embodiment of the present invention during use.

[0030] Marked in the attached diagram:

[0031] 11. Power battery; 21. BDU assembly; 22. Main contactor; 23. Precharge contactor.

[0032] 24. Pre-charge resistor; 25. Main negative contactor; 26. Fuse; 27. High-voltage mounting bracket; 28. Current sensor; 31. Quick-swap connector; 32. Temperature sensor; 41. BMS (Battery Management System).

[0033] 51. VCU, 61. Locking mechanism monitoring sensor, 62. Wiring harness, 63. Lock hook. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present solution will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0035] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a battery swapping electrical system, which includes:

[0036] BDU assembly 21 is used for high-voltage output control of power battery 11. It is connected to the power battery and quick-change connector in high voltage. It includes a main contactor 22, a pre-charge contactor 23, a pre-charge resistor 24, a main negative contactor 25, and a fuse 26 connected in sequence.

[0037] The quick-swap connector 31 is connected to the high-voltage BDU assembly to realize the high-voltage connection between the power battery and the vehicle; at the same time, it is connected to the low-voltage wiring harness on the vehicle to realize the low-voltage connection between the power battery and the vehicle.

[0038] BMS 41 communicates with VCU and is used to detect the voltage and current of the power battery, the temperature of the high-voltage terminal of the fast-swap connector, and to detect whether the fast-swap connector is properly fitted and to perform fault diagnosis.

[0039] The locking mechanism monitoring sensor 61 is connected to the VCU and is used to detect whether the locking hook of the power battery locking mechanism is locked in place.

[0040] VCU 51 is used for fault handling based on fault information provided by BMS and the unlocked position signal provided by the locking mechanism monitoring sensor.

[0041] The battery swapping electrical system provided in this embodiment of the invention can detect in real time the voltage and current of the power battery 11, the temperature of the high-voltage terminal of the fast swapping connector, whether the fast swapping connector is properly engaged, and whether the locking hook of the power battery locking mechanism is properly locked, and perform fault diagnosis and fault handling, thereby better ensuring driving safety and facilitating the battery swapping and safe and reliable operation of the vehicle.

[0042] Understandably, the main contactor 22 is the power battery disconnection unit, responsible for controlling the power battery's output; the pre-charge resistor reduces the circuit current during the initial power-on phase to prevent short circuits during capacitor charging; the current sensor is the power battery current acquisition unit; the fuse is the short-circuit protection unit, providing short-circuit protection; BMS stands for Battery Management System; VCU stands for Vehicle Controller; the BDU assembly is the Battery Disconnection Unit Assembly; the BMS communicates with the VCU via the CAN bus; and the detection of whether the quick-swap connector is properly engaged involves... Figure 4 Are the two components of the fast battery swapping connector properly fitted together?

[0043] Furthermore, when the BMS detects that the temperature of the high-voltage terminal of the fast-swap connector 31 exceeds the set temperature, it reports fault information one to the VCU. The VCU's fault handling method upon receiving fault information one is as follows: it performs vehicle power limiting to restrict the vehicle speed to within the set speed. Simultaneously, after receiving fault information one, the instrument panel will provide an alarm message to the driver for timely repair, thereby ensuring the safety of the power battery. It is understandable that fault information one could be a fault code representing text information such as "overtemperature fault," and the alarm message could be a text message such as "Please go to a 4S shop for repair." Specifically, vehicle power limiting can be achieved by limiting the power of the electric drive system motor. To obtain the temperature of the high-voltage terminal of the fast-swap connector, a temperature sensor 32 can be installed on the high-voltage terminal of the fast-swap connector. The specific location of the temperature sensor 32 is as follows... Figure 5 As shown.

[0044] Specifically, the set temperature is 80°C to 90°C, preferably 85°C.

[0045] Specifically, the set speed is 35 km / h to 45 km / h, preferably 40 km / h.

[0046] Furthermore, during vehicle operation, when the BMS detects a connection interlock fault in the fast-swap connector 31 (i.e., the connector is not properly engaged), the BMS will report fault information two to the VCU. Upon receiving fault information two, the VCU will perform a vehicle power limiting operation. Once the vehicle speed drops below the set speed limit, the main contactor in the BDU assembly will disconnect, causing the vehicle to lose power. Simultaneously, the instrument cluster, upon receiving fault information two, will provide an alarm message to the driver. It is understandable that fault information two could be a text-based fault code such as "Driving High-Voltage Interlock Fault," and the alarm message could be a text-based message such as "Please go to a 4S shop for repair."

[0047] Specifically, the speed limit is set to 4 km / h to 6 km / h, preferably 5 km / h.

[0048] Furthermore, during vehicle power-on, when the BMS detects a fast-swap connector connection interlock fault, i.e., the connector is not properly engaged, the BMS reports fault information three to the VCU. The VCU's response upon receiving fault information three is to prevent the vehicle from powering on (specifically, this can be achieved by controlling the main contactor to disconnect); simultaneously, the instrument panel provides an alarm message to remind the driver to promptly perform repairs to eliminate the vehicle fault and improve driving safety. It is understandable that fault information three at this time could be a text-based fault code such as "Power-on high-voltage interlock fault," and the alarm message could be a text-based message such as "Please go to a 4S shop for repair." After repair, the fault code is automatically cleared.

[0049] In one embodiment, when the locking mechanism monitoring sensor detects that the locking hook 63 is not locked in place or has fallen off, it will upload a high-level signal to the VCU. The fault handling method of the VCU after receiving the signal is as follows: report the "locking mechanism abnormality fault" information to the CAN bus, and at the same time perform vehicle power limiting processing to limit the vehicle speed to within 40km / h; after the instrument obtains the "locking mechanism abnormality fault" information from the CAN bus, it will display "locking mechanism abnormality" on the instrument display screen to the driver so that timely maintenance can be carried out.

[0050] Furthermore, the BDU assembly includes a current sensor 28 that is electrically connected to the BMS. The quick-swap connector is used to achieve high and low voltage connection between the power battery and the vehicle. It can be an end-face contact quick-swap connector, which has advantages such as short travel and reliable connection.

[0051] Specifically, the locking mechanism monitoring sensor is a distance sensor. Preferably, this distance sensor is a high-precision distance sensor with an effective monitoring distance of 3mm. When the locking hook falls within the sensor's monitoring range, it is determined that the locking is complete; otherwise, it is determined that the locking hook is not complete. It is understood that the locking mechanism monitoring sensor detects whether the locking hooks of the power battery locking mechanism are fully locked, so that any instances of incomplete locking can be detected and addressed promptly, ensuring safe vehicle operation. Since the power battery locking mechanism has multiple locking hooks 63, multiple locking mechanism monitoring sensors 61 can be set, each corresponding to one of the locking hooks. Typically, the power battery locking mechanism has four locking hooks, such as... Figure 6 The diagram shows that four locking mechanism monitoring sensors are used to monitor the four locking hooks respectively, so as to monitor whether the four locking hooks are locked in place.

[0052] This invention uses VCU to control the connection or disconnection of the main contactor, which can easily realize the rapid connection and disconnection between the high and low voltage of the power battery and the vehicle. At the same time, it can detect various information in real time, such as the voltage and current of the power battery, the temperature of the high voltage terminal of the quick-swap connector, whether the quick-swap connector is properly engaged, and whether the locking hook of the power battery locking mechanism is properly locked, so as to diagnose whether the battery is operating safely and ensure the safe operation of the vehicle.

[0053] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Moreover, after reading the contents of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various modifications or alterations to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A battery swapping electrical system, characterized in that, It includes: The BDU assembly is used for high-voltage output control of the power battery. It is connected to the power battery and quick-swap connector at high voltage, and includes a main contactor, a pre-charge contactor, a pre-charge resistor, and a fuse connected in sequence. The quick-swap connector is connected to the high-voltage BDU assembly to achieve a high-voltage connection between the power battery and the vehicle; at the same time, it is connected to the low-voltage wiring harness on the vehicle to achieve a low-voltage connection between the power battery and the vehicle. BMS, which communicates with VCU, is used to detect the voltage and current of the power battery, the temperature of the high-voltage terminal of the fast-swap connector, and to detect whether the fast-swap connector is properly fitted and to perform fault diagnosis. The locking mechanism monitoring sensor is connected to the VCU and is used to detect whether the locking hook of the power battery locking mechanism is locked in place. VCU is used to handle faults based on fault information provided by BMS and the non-locking signal provided by the locking mechanism monitoring sensor. When the BMS detects that the temperature of the high-voltage terminal of the quick-swap connector is higher than the set temperature, it reports fault information 1 to the VCU. The fault handling method of the VCU after receiving fault information 1 is to perform vehicle power limiting to limit the vehicle speed within the set speed; at the same time, after the instrument receives fault information 1, it will provide alarm information to the driver so that timely maintenance can be carried out. During vehicle operation, when the BMS detects a fast-swap connector connection interlock fault, i.e. the connector is not properly engaged, the BMS will report fault information two to the VCU. The VCU's fault handling method after receiving fault information two is as follows: it performs vehicle power limiting, and after the vehicle speed is reduced to within the set speed limit, it controls the main contactor in the BDU assembly to disconnect, so that the vehicle is powered down; at the same time, after the instrument panel receives fault information two, it will provide alarm information to the driver. During vehicle power-on, if the BMS detects a fast-swap connector connection interlock fault, i.e. the connector is not properly engaged, the BMS reports fault information three to the VCU. The VCU's response upon receiving fault information three is: the vehicle is not allowed to power on; at the same time, the instrument panel provides an alarm message to remind the driver to perform timely maintenance. When the locking mechanism monitoring sensor detects that the locking hook is not locked in place or has fallen off, it will send a high-level signal to the VCU. The fault handling method of the VCU after receiving the signal is as follows: report the "locking mechanism abnormality fault" information to the CAN bus, and at the same time perform vehicle power limiting to keep the vehicle speed below 40km / h; after the instrument panel obtains the "locking mechanism abnormality fault" information from the CAN bus, it will display "locking mechanism abnormality" on the instrument panel display to the driver so that timely maintenance can be carried out.

2. The battery swapping electrical system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The set temperature is 80°C to 90°C.

3. The battery swapping electrical system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The set speed is 35km / h to 45km / h.

4. The battery swapping electrical system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The speed limit is set at 4 km / h to 6 km / h.

5. The battery swapping electrical system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The BDU assembly is equipped with a current sensor that is electrically connected to the BMS.

6. The battery swapping electrical system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The locking mechanism is monitored by a distance sensor.

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