An apparatus and a cutting method for reducing metal cutting resistance

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device and a cutting method for reducing metal cutting resistance, including a machine tool main body, on which there is a movable tool rest and a fixed chuck corresponding to the movable tool rest. Outside the machine shell above the fixed chuck, there is a support assembly. Corresponding to the position of the fixed chuck on the machine tool main body, there is a spraying assembly. The support assembly includes two connecting rods fixedly connected to the machine cover, a sliding sleeve slidably installed on the connecting rod, a guide rod and an outer sliding tube that are connected to the sliding sleeve and sleeved with each other. There are two groups of outer sliding tubes symmetrically distributed with the sliding sleeve, and the bottoms of the two groups of outer sliding tubes are fixed with vertically distributed bottom plates. By arranging the spraying assembly and the support assembly on the machine tool main body, the spraying position of the coolant nitrogen can be adjusted in a follow-up manner, and the first spray pipe and the second spray pipe are driven to keep synchronous according to the displacement direction of the movable tool rest, thereby increasing the cooling effect, enabling the tool to maintain the maximum cutting strength, and thus reducing the cutting resistance of the tool.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of metal processing, and particularly relates to a device and a cutting method for reducing metal cutting resistance. Background Art

[0002] Metal processing, abbreviated as metalworking, refers to the production activities of humans processing materials composed of metal elements or mainly composed of metal elements with metallic properties. It is a process technology for processing metal materials into articles, parts, and components.

[0003] During the cutting process, the cutting speed, feed rate, depth of cut, and the tool itself will all affect the cutting resistance. Therefore, good programming and a tool with high hardness can reduce the resistance. However, in order to avoid an increase in cutting resistance during the processing, the tool is cooled to keep the tool within a safe temperature range, and thus the maximum cutting force can be obtained. In the prior art, the cooling method is to spray coolant. However, due to technical limitations, the spraying effect of the coolant is still not ideal. After the worker aligns the nozzle with the workpiece, the spraying position remains in one position. When processing a larger workpiece, the tool moves out of the cooling spray range, and it is relatively dangerous for the worker to reach out and adjust the nozzle during the operation of the machine tool, resulting in the inability to keep the tool temperature stable, which will affect the cutting speed and increase the cutting resistance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (1) Technical Problems to be Solved

[0005] Aiming at the problem that the spraying effect of the coolant in the prior art is still not ideal, after the worker aligns the nozzle with the workpiece, the spraying position remains in one position. When processing a larger workpiece, the tool moves out of the cooling spray range, and it is relatively dangerous for the worker to reach out and adjust the nozzle during the operation of the machine tool, resulting in the inability to keep the tool temperature stable, which will affect the cutting speed and increase the cutting resistance. The present invention designs a device and a cutting method for reducing metal cutting resistance. By arranging a spraying component and a supporting component on the main body of the machine tool, the spraying position of the coolant nitrogen can be adjusted in a follow-up manner, and the first spray pipe and the second spray pipe are driven to keep synchronous according to the displacement direction of the moving tool rest.

[0006] (2) Technical Solutions

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a device for reducing metal cutting resistance, including a machine tool body, on which there is a movable tool rest and a fixed chuck corresponding to the movable tool rest. Outside the housing above the fixed chuck, there is a support assembly. Corresponding to the position of the fixed chuck on the machine tool body, there is a spraying assembly. The support assembly includes two connecting rods fixedly connected to the machine cover, a sliding sleeve slidably installed on the connecting rods, a guide rod and an outer sliding tube that are connected to the sliding sleeve and sleeved with each other. There are two groups of the outer sliding tubes symmetrically distributed with the sliding sleeve, and at the bottom of the two groups of outer sliding tubes, there are vertically distributed bottom plates fixed. One end of the bottom plate away from the sliding sleeve is rotatably connected to a swing rod, and at the end of the swing rod away from the bottom plate, there is a connecting mechanism, and the connecting mechanism connects the swing rod to the movable tool rest;

[0008] The spraying assembly includes a first spray pipe, a second spray pipe, a liquid nitrogen tank and a transmission head. The first spray pipe and the second spray pipe are respectively fixed at the bottom of the two outer sliding tubes, and the first spray pipe and the second spray pipe are symmetrically distributed in pairs.

[0009] When using the device for reducing metal cutting resistance of this technical solution, the workpiece is clamped inside the fixed chuck, then the tool is adjusted to the appropriate angle and assembled on the movable tool rest, and then the tool setting process is carried out. The machining program is input into the screen. After completion, the first spray pipe and the second spray pipe can be connected to the movable tool rest through the support assembly. The column is inserted into the fixed bottom block, and the fixed bottom block is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the movable tool rest. When the convex block at the bottom of the column extends into the fixed bottom block, the card hole is flush with the through hole. Through the elastic force of the spring, the sliding disk moves towards the limiting block, and then the limiting block is inserted into the card hole, so that the column and the movable tool rest are kept fixed. The valve is opened, and liquid nitrogen is transmitted to the inside of the first spray pipe and the second spray pipe through the transmission hose and the transmission head. During the machining process when the movable tool rest moves, through the transmission of the column and the swing rod, the spraying range of the liquid nitrogen always remains on the tool. The sliding sleeve slides along the fixed rod, achieving the effect of synchronous displacement of the liquid nitrogen and the movable tool rest, thereby increasing the cooling effect and enabling the tool to maintain the maximum cutting strength.

[0010] Furthermore, a fixed rod is horizontally and fixedly installed between the two connecting rods. The sliding sleeve is movably sleeved outside the fixed rod. One end of the sliding sleeve is fixedly connected to the guide rod, and the other end of the guide rod extends into the inside of the outer sliding tube.

[0011] Furthermore, there is a pair of spaced clamping blocks on the bottom plate. The swing rod is located inside the clamping blocks and is rotatably connected to the clamping blocks.

[0012] Further, the connecting mechanism includes a column movably connected to the swing rod and a fixed base block clamped to the bottom of the column. The column is vertically arranged and perpendicular to the swing rod. A connecting head is integrally formed at the bottom of the column. The inside of the fixed base block is hollow for the connecting head to be inserted, and a clamping hole is formed in the connecting head.

[0013] Further, a convex head is fixedly protruded on the outer wall of the fixed base block. A through hole is formed inside the convex head. A limiting block, a sliding disk, and a spring are arranged inside the through hole. The through hole and the clamping hole are concentrically distributed, and the limiting block passes through the through hole and extends into the clamping hole.

[0014] Further, one end of the limiting block away from the clamping hole is fixedly connected to the sliding disk. One end of the sliding disk away from the limiting block is fixedly connected to one end of the spring. The spring is horizontally arranged and the other end is fixedly connected to a pull rod.

[0015] Further, transmission hoses are respectively arranged between the first nozzle and the second nozzle. Connecting holes for the transmission hoses to communicate are provided on both the first nozzle and the second nozzle. A transmission head is communicated with the side of the first nozzle away from the second nozzle. Mounting disks for screwing and assembling with the outer sliding pipe are provided on both the first nozzle and the second nozzle.

[0016] Further, a conduit is installed on the transmission head. The conduit is communicated with the liquid nitrogen tank. The liquid nitrogen tank is fixed on the machine tool main body, and a valve is provided on the liquid nitrogen tank.

[0017] A cutting method for a device for reducing metal cutting resistance includes the following steps;

[0018] S1. Clamp the workpiece inside the fixed jaw plate. Then adjust the angle of the cutting tool and assemble it on the moving tool rest. Then perform the tool setting process. Input the machining program into the screen. After completion, the first nozzle and the second nozzle can be connected to the moving tool rest through the support assembly.

[0019] S2. Insert the column into the fixed base block. The fixed base block is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the moving tool rest. When the convex block at the bottom of the column extends into the fixed base block, the clamping hole is flush with the through hole. The sliding disk is moved towards the limiting block direction by the elastic force of the spring, and then the limiting block is inserted into the clamping hole, so that the column is fixed to the moving tool rest.

[0020] S3. Open the valve. Transfer the liquid nitrogen to the inside of the first nozzle and the second nozzle through the transmission hose and the transmission head. During the machining process of the moving tool rest, through the transmission of the column and the swing rod, the spraying range of the liquid nitrogen always remains on the cutting tool.

[0021] S4. When the moving tool rest rises, the column rises synchronously. At this time, since both ends of the swing rod are movably connected, the first nozzle and the second nozzle do not move. When the moving tool rest moves forward, backward, left, or right, the force is transmitted to the bottom plate through the swing rod, and the bottom plate drives the outer sliding tube to slide toward or away from the guide rod for expansion and contraction. Or the force is transmitted to the sliding sleeve through the guide rod and the outer sliding tube, and the sliding sleeve slides along the fixed rod, achieving the effect of synchronous displacement of the liquid nitrogen and the moving tool rest, thereby increasing the cooling effect and enabling the tool to maintain the maximum cutting strength.

[0022] (3) Beneficial effects

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] 1. In the embodiment of the present invention, by providing a spray assembly and a support assembly on the machine tool body, the spraying position of the coolant liquid nitrogen can be adjusted in a follow-up manner. Driven by the displacement direction of the moving tool rest, the first nozzle and the second nozzle are kept synchronous, thereby increasing the cooling effect, enabling the tool to maintain the maximum cutting strength, and thus reducing the cutting resistance of the tool.

[0025] 2. In the embodiment of the present invention, the cooperation of the guide rod, the outer sliding tube, the sliding sleeve, and the fixed rod achieves the effect of synchronous movement. The principle is simple and easy to implement, not easily damaged, and has a low production cost. It can timely adjust the spraying position of the coolant liquid nitrogen, with low delay and strong flexibility.

[0026] 3. In the embodiment of the present invention, the cooperation between the column and the fixed bottom block can connect the first nozzle, the second nozzle, and the moving tool rest. When the moving tool rest returns and is not in use, it can be disassembled for storage, without affecting the tool loading and workpiece loading operations of the machine tool body, and the operation is convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the support assembly of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the connection mechanism of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 is Figure 3 an enlarged structural diagram at A in

[0031] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the spray assembly of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 is a flow chart of the cutting method for reducing the metal cutting resistance of the present invention.

[0033] In the figure: 1, machine tool main body; 2, movable tool rest; 3, spraying assembly; 4, support assembly; 5, fixed chuck; 6, fixed rod; 7, connecting rod; 8, sliding sleeve; 9, guide rod; 10, clamping block; 11, connecting hole; 12, first spray pipe; 13, swing rod; 14, connecting mechanism; 15, second spray pipe; 16, outer sliding pipe; 17, bottom plate; 18, connecting head; 19, fixed bottom block; 20, clamping hole; 21, pull rod; 22, convex head; 23, perforation; 24, sliding disc; 25, spring; 26, limit block; 27, mounting disc; 28, transmission hose; 29, transmission head; 30, conduit; 31, valve; 32, liquid nitrogen tank; 33, column. Detailed implementation mode

[0034] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0035] For the convenience of understanding the present invention, the present invention will be described more comprehensively below with reference to the relevant drawings. Several embodiments of the present invention are given in the drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of the present invention more thorough and comprehensive.

[0036] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there can also be an intermediate element. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are only for the purpose of illustration.

[0037] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention belongs. The terms used in the description of the present invention herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0038] Embodiment:

[0039] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4The embodiment of the present invention provides a device for reducing metal cutting resistance, the device for reducing metal cutting resistance comprises a machine tool body 1, the machine tool body 1 is provided with a movable tool holder 2 and a fixed claw plate 5 corresponding to the movable tool holder 2, a support assembly 4 is provided outside the upper housing of the fixed claw plate 5, a spray assembly 3 is provided at the position corresponding to the fixed claw plate 5 on the machine tool body 1, characterized in that the support assembly 4 comprises two connecting rods 7 fixedly connected to the machine cover, a sliding sleeve 8 slidably installed on the connecting rod 7, a guide rod 9 and an outer sliding tube 16 connected to the sliding sleeve 8 and mutually sleeved, and an outer There are two groups of sliding tubes 16 and sliding sleeves 8 symmetrically distributed, and the bottom of the two groups of outer sliding tubes 16 is fixed with a vertically distributed bottom plate 17, and the end of the bottom plate 17 away from the sliding sleeve 8 is rotatably connected to the swing rod 13, and the end of the swing rod 13 away from the bottom plate 17 is provided with a connecting mechanism 14, and the connecting mechanism 14 connects the swing rod 13 with the movable tool holder 2; a fixed rod 6 is horizontally fixedly installed between the two groups of connecting rods 7, and the sliding sleeve 8 is movably sleeved on the outside of the fixed rod 6. The sliding sleeve 8 is fixedly connected to one end of the guide rod 9, and the other end of the guide rod 9 extends into the inside of the outer sliding tube 16. A pair of clamping blocks 10 are arranged at intervals on the bottom plate 17, and the swinging rod 13 is located inside the clamping block 10 and is rotatably connected to the clamping block 10.

[0040] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 The connection mechanism 14 includes a column 33 movably connected to the swing rod 13, and a fixed bottom block 19 located at the bottom of the column 33 and connected to the column 33. The column 33 is vertically arranged and vertically distributed with the swing rod 13. The bottom of the column 33 is integrally constructed with a connector 18. The interior of the fixed bottom block 19 is hollow for the connector 18 to be inserted, and a clamping hole 20 is provided on the connector 18. A convex head 22 is protruding and fixed on the outer wall of the fixed bottom block 19, and a through hole 23 is provided inside the convex head 22. A limit block 26, a sliding disk 24, and a spring 25 are provided inside the through hole 23. The through hole 23 is coaxially distributed with the clamping hole 20, and the limit block 26 passes through the through hole 23 and extends into the clamping hole 20. One end of the limit block 26 away from the clamping hole 20 is fixedly connected to the sliding disk 24, and one end of the sliding disk 24 away from the limit block 26 is fixedly connected to one end of the spring 25. The spring 25 is horizontally arranged and the other end is fixedly connected to the pull rod 21. The sliding plate 24 is moved toward the limiting block 26 by the elastic force of the spring 25 , and then the limiting block 26 is inserted into the clamping hole 20 , so that the column 33 and the movable tool holder 2 are kept fixed.

[0041] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 5, the spraying assembly 3 includes a first spray pipe 12, a second spray pipe 15, a liquid nitrogen tank 32 and a transmission head 29. The first spray pipe 12 and the second spray pipe 15 are respectively fixed at the bottoms of two outer sliding pipes 16, and the first spray pipe 12 and the second spray pipe 15 are symmetrically distributed in pairs. Transmission hoses 28 are respectively arranged between the first spray pipe 12 and the second spray pipe 15. The first spray pipe 12 and the second spray pipe 15 are both provided with connection holes 11 for the transmission hoses 28 to communicate. One side of the first spray pipe 12 away from the second spray pipe 15 is communicated with the transmission head 29. The first spray pipe 12 and the second spray pipe 15 are both provided with mounting disks 27 which are threadedly assembled with the outer sliding pipes 16. A conduit 30 is installed on the transmission head 29, and the conduit 30 is communicated with the liquid nitrogen tank 32. The liquid nitrogen tank 32 is fixed on the machine tool main body 1, and a valve 31 is provided on the liquid nitrogen tank 32. When the valve 31 is opened, liquid nitrogen is transferred to the interiors of the first spray pipe 12 and the second spray pipe 15 through the transmission hoses 28 and the transmission head 29.

[0042] In this embodiment, referring to Figures 1-6 , a cutting method of a device for reducing metal cutting resistance includes the following steps;

[0043] S1. Clamp the workpiece inside the fixed jaw plate 5, then adjust the angle of the cutting tool and assemble it on the moving tool rest 2. Then perform the tool setting process, input the machining program into the screen. After completion, the first spray pipe 12 and the second spray pipe 15 can be connected to the moving tool rest 2 through the support assembly 4;

[0044] S2. Insert the column 33 into the fixed bottom block 19. The fixed bottom block 19 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the moving tool rest 2. When the convex block at the bottom of the column 33 extends into the fixed bottom block 19, the clamping hole 20 is flush with the through hole 23. The sliding disk 24 is moved towards the limiting block 26 by the elastic force of the spring 25. Then the limiting block 26 is inserted into the clamping hole 20, so that the column 33 is fixed to the moving tool rest 2;

[0045] S3. Open the valve 31, transfer liquid nitrogen to the interiors of the first spray pipe 12 and the second spray pipe 15 through the transmission hoses 28 and the transmission head 29. During the machining process of the moving tool rest 2, through the transmission of the column 33 and the swing rod 13, the spraying range of the liquid nitrogen is always kept on the cutting tool;

[0046] S4. When the moving tool rest 2 rises, the column 33 rises synchronously. At this time, since both ends of the swing rod 13 are movably connected, the first nozzle 12 and the second nozzle 15 do not move. When the moving tool rest 2 moves forward, backward, left, or right, the force is transmitted to the bottom plate 17 through the swing rod 13. The bottom plate 17 drives the outer sliding tube 16 to slide toward or away from the guide rod 9 for telescoping, or the force is transmitted to the sliding sleeve 8 through the guide rod 9 and the outer sliding tube 16. The sliding sleeve 8 slides along the fixed rod 6 to achieve the effect of synchronously displacing the liquid nitrogen with the moving tool rest 2, thereby increasing the cooling effect and enabling the tool to maintain the maximum cutting strength.

[0047] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for reducing metal cutting resistance, comprising a machine tool body (1), the machine tool body (1) having a movable tool holder (2) and a fixed claw plate (5) corresponding to the movable tool holder (2), a support assembly (4) being provided outside a housing above the fixed claw plate (5), and a spray assembly (3) being provided on the machine tool body (1) at a position corresponding to the fixed claw plate (5), It is characterized in that The support assembly (4) comprises two connecting rods (7) fixedly connected to the machine cover, a sliding sleeve (8) slidably mounted on the connecting rod (7), a guide rod (9) connected to the sliding sleeve (8), and an outer sliding tube (16) mutually interlocked with the guide rod (9), the outer sliding tube (16) and the guide rod (9) are symmetrically distributed in two groups, and the bottoms of the two groups of outer sliding tubes (16) are fixed with a vertically distributed bottom plate (17), one end of the bottom plate (17) away from the sliding sleeve (8) is rotatably connected to a swing rod (13), and the end of the swing rod (13) away from the bottom plate (17) is provided with a connecting mechanism (14), and the connecting mechanism (14) connects the swing rod (13) to the movable tool holder (2); The spray assembly (3) comprises a first spray pipe (12), a second spray pipe (15), a liquid nitrogen tank (32) and a transmission head (29), wherein the first spray pipe (12) and the second spray pipe (15) are respectively fixed to the bottom of the two outer sliding pipes (16), and the first spray pipe (12) and the second spray pipe (15) are symmetrically distributed in pairs; A fixed rod (6) is horizontally fixedly installed between the two groups of connecting rods (7), the sliding sleeve (8) is movably sleeved on the outside of the fixed rod (6), the sliding sleeve (8) is fixedly connected to one end of the guide rod (9), and the other end of the guide rod (9) extends into the interior of the outer sliding tube (16); The bottom plate (17) has a pair of clamping blocks (10) spaced apart from each other, and the swing rod (13) is located inside the clamping block (10) and is rotatably connected to the clamping block (10); The connecting mechanism (14) comprises a column (33) movably connected to the swing rod (13), and a fixed bottom block (19) located at the bottom of the column (33) and clamped with the column (33), the column (33) being vertically arranged and distributed perpendicularly to the swing rod (13), a connecting head (18) being integrally constructed at the bottom of the column (33), the interior of the fixed bottom block (19) being hollow for the connecting head (18) to be inserted, and a clamping hole (20) being provided on the connecting head (18); A convex head (22) is protruding and fixed on the outer wall of the fixed bottom block (19), a through hole (23) is formed inside the convex head (22), a limit block (26), a sliding plate (24), and a spring (25) are formed inside the through hole (23), the through hole (23) and the clamping hole (20) are cocentrically distributed, and the limit block (26) passes through the through hole (23) and extends into the clamping hole (20); One end of the limiting block (26) away from the card hole (20) is fixedly connected to a sliding disc (24), one end of the sliding disc (24) away from the limiting block (26) is fixedly connected to one end of a spring (25), the spring (25) is horizontally arranged and the other end is fixedly connected to a pull rod (21); A transmission hose (28) is respectively arranged between the first nozzle (12) and the second nozzle (15), the first nozzle (12) and the second nozzle (15) are both provided with connection holes (11) for the transmission hose (28) to communicate, one side of the first nozzle (12) away from the second nozzle (15) is communicated with a transmission head (29), and the first nozzle (12) and the second nozzle (15) are both provided with mounting discs (27) threadedly assembled with the outer sliding tube (16).

2. An apparatus for reducing metal cutting resistance according to claim 1, characterized in that, A conduit (30) is installed on the transmission head (29), the conduit (30) is communicated with a liquid nitrogen tank (32), the liquid nitrogen tank (32) is fixed on the machine tool main body (1), and the liquid nitrogen tank (32) is provided with a valve (31).

3. A cutting method of an apparatus for reducing metal cutting resistance according to claim 2, characterized in that, including the following steps; S1. Clamp the workpiece inside the fixed jaw plate (5), then adjust the angle of the cutting tool and assemble it on the moving tool rest (2), then perform the tool setting process, input the machining program into the screen, and after completion, connect the first nozzle (12) and the second nozzle (15) to the moving tool rest (2) through the support assembly (4); S2. Insert the column (33) into the fixed bottom block (19), the fixed bottom block (19) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the moving tool rest (2), move the sliding disc (24) towards the limiting block (26) by the elastic force of the spring (25), insert the limiting block (26) into the card hole (20), and the column (33) is fixed to the moving tool rest (2); S3. Open the valve (31), transfer liquid nitrogen to the inside of the first nozzle (12) and the second nozzle (15) through the transmission hose (28) and the transmission head (29), and the first nozzle (12) and the second nozzle (15) make the spraying range of the liquid nitrogen always stay on the cutting tool through the transmission of the column (33) and the swing rod (13); S4. When the moving tool rest (2) rises, the column (33) rises synchronously, the first nozzle (12) and the second nozzle (15) do not move, when the moving tool rest (2) moves forward, backward, left or right, transmit the force to the bottom plate (17) through the swing rod (13), the bottom plate (17) drives the outer sliding tube (16) to slide towards or away from the guide rod (9) for expansion and contraction, or transmit the force to the sliding sleeve (8) through the guide rod (9) and the outer sliding tube (16), and the sliding sleeve (8) slides along the fixed rod (6).

Images