Obliquely attached tower crane and operating method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to an obliquely attached tower crane, comprising a plurality of variable-angle conversion sections, at least two sets of sliding sleeves, and retractable attachments adapted one-to-one with the sliding sleeves. The variable-angle conversion section is disposed at the inflection point where the tower body needs to bend, and comprises an upper conversion section, a lower conversion section, and a locking device. The upper conversion section can rotate relative to the lower conversion section, and the locking device is used to lock or release the rotation between the two sections. The sliding sleeve is mounted on the outer periphery of the upper vertical section of the tower body and can carry the retractable attachment and move up and down along the tower body. One end of the retractable attachment is connected to the sliding sleeve, and the other end is connected to or released from the building. By simultaneously contracting or extending, the upper tower body is driven to remain vertical and move parallel, thereby driving the tilt or reset of the tower body between the two lower variable-angle conversion sections. The present invention realizes an obliquely attached tower crane whose tower body can tilt according to the shape of the building's facade, effectively solving the engineering problem of constructing tall buildings with inclined facades.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tower cranes, and in particular relates to an obliquely attached tower crane and an operating method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Tower cranes (abbreviated as "tower cranes") are the most commonly used and essential lifting equipment on construction sites, primarily used for vertical material transportation and component installation in tall buildings. Existing self-erecting tower cranes are rotating cranes with a boom mounted atop a tall tower. The tower must remain vertical, with certain restrictions on vertical deviation. For tall buildings with a specific inclination angle on the facade, such as A-shaped bridge towers and Y-shaped bridge towers, the following practical engineering problems arise when using existing tower cranes with vertical tower bodies for construction: 1) As the construction height increases, the construction working surface moves away from the tower crane's rotation center, resulting in an increase in the lifting arm and a significant reduction in the lifting capacity. Even worse, it will exceed the tower crane's operating range. Usually, solutions such as using an extra-large tonnage tower crane, adding multiple tower cranes, or moving the tower crane horizontally are adopted, which will undoubtedly lead to a significant increase in construction costs; 2) For tower cranes in tall buildings, an attachment structure is generally required between the tower body and the building's facade to increase the stability of the tall tower crane. However, as the construction height increases, the distance between the tower body and the inclined building's facade gradually increases, and the attachment length increases accordingly. The long attachment at high altitude is not only difficult to install and dismantle, but also has poor stability, low safety, and high cost of the attachment structure. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the deficiencies in the above-mentioned prior art and provide an obliquely attached tower crane and an operating method thereof, thereby realizing an obliquely attached tower crane whose tower body can be tilted according to the shape of the building facade, changing the existing structure of the tower crane in which the tower body must be vertical, and effectively solving the above-mentioned problems in the construction of high-rise buildings with inclined facades.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is:

[0005] An obliquely attached tower crane comprises a tower body, a lifting frame, a boom assembly, and also comprises a plurality of variable-angle conversion sections, at least two sets of sliding frames, and retractable attachments adapted one by one to the sliding frames; the variable-angle conversion section is arranged at the inflection point position where the tower body needs to be bent, replacing the original standard section at that position; the variable-angle conversion section comprises an upper conversion section section, a lower conversion section section, and a locking device, the upper conversion section section and the lower conversion section section are connected in an articulated manner, the upper conversion section section can rotate a certain angle around the articulation axis relative to the lower conversion section section, and the locking device is used to lock or release the rotation between the upper conversion section section and the lower conversion section section; the sliding frame is sleeved on the upper conversion section section The outer periphery of the vertical section of the tower body, the retractable attachment is installed on the outside of the sliding sleeve close to the side of the building, the sliding sleeve can carry the retractable attachment and move up and down along the tower body, all the sliding sleeves and retractable attachments always run on the upper vertical section of the tower body and are separated by a certain distance; the retractable attachment includes a retractable support rod, one end of the retractable support rod is connected to the sliding sleeve, and the other end can be connected to or released from the building. When the retractable support rod is connected to the building, the upper tower body is driven to remain vertical and move parallel to each other through the simultaneous contraction or extension of multiple groups of retractable support rods, thereby driving the tilt or reset of the tower body between the two variable angle conversion sections at the lower part.

[0006] In the above solution, two sets of sliding sleeves are provided, namely the lower sliding sleeve and the upper sliding sleeve; two sets of telescopic attachments are provided correspondingly, namely the lower telescopic attachment and the upper telescopic attachment.

[0007] In the above scheme, a mounting seat is provided at one end of the telescopic support rod, and the mounting seat matches and is connected to the connecting structure provided at the lower end of the sliding sleeve. The other end of the telescopic support rod is provided with an anchor seat matching the embedded structural member on the building, and the two ends of the telescopic support rod are hinged to the mounting seat and the anchor seat respectively; a tension member is installed on the upper part of the sliding sleeve, and the tension member is connected to the other end of the telescopic support rod, and the telescopic support rod is driven to rotate around the mounting seat by the tension member, thereby adjusting the position state of the telescopic support rod.

[0008] In the above solution, the retractable attachment has four working modes: mobile transposition, fixed support, contraction and tilt, and extension and reset.

[0009] The movable transposition working mode is that the anchor seat end is free and has no connection constraints. By adjusting the length of the tension member, the telescopic attachment is rotated around the hinge axis to be close to the outside of the sliding sleeve, and the height position can be changed as the sliding sleeve moves up and down along the axial direction of the tower body;

[0010] The fixed support working mode is that the sliding sleeve is located at the attachment installation height position, the length of the tension member is adjusted, and the telescopic attachment is rotated around the hinge axis and lowered to a nearly horizontal state, and the anchor seat is fixedly connected to the embedded structural member on the building;

[0011] The contraction and tilting working mode is based on the fixed support working mode, and the retractable attachment contracts to gradually shorten its length, thereby driving the tower body to deform from a vertical state to an inclined state;

[0012] The extension and reset working mode is based on the fixed support working mode. The retractable attachment is extended to gradually lengthen its length, thereby driving the tower body to deform from an inclined state to a vertical state.

[0013] In the above solution, the external dimensions, step positions and styles, and upper and lower connecting terminals of the variable angle conversion section are exactly the same as those of the standard section of the tower body.

[0014] In the above solution, the locking device can realize that the variable angle conversion joint is in three different working states, including a vertical locking state, a rotatable state and a bent locking state:

[0015] The vertical locking state is that the axes of the upper section of the conversion section and the lower section of the conversion section are collinear and the locking device is locked, and the upper section of the conversion section and the lower section of the conversion section are fixed. At this time, the function of the variable angle conversion section is consistent with that of the standard section.

[0016] The rotatable state is when the locking device is released and the upper section of the conversion section and the lower section of the conversion section are hinged and can rotate relative to each other. At this time, the variable angle conversion section is a movable joint that bends the tower body during the tilting process of the tower body;

[0017] The bending locking state is that the locking device is locked after the tower body tilts to a set angle, so that the upper section of the conversion section and the lower section of the conversion section form a certain angle and are fixedly connected, bearing and transmitting the load of the tilted tower body.

[0018] In the above scheme, the sliding sleeve includes a sleeve, a lifting mechanism, and an attachment frame; the sleeve is a frame structure with a hollow channel, which can be sleeved on the tower body, and a guide mechanism is provided on the inner side thereof, so that the sleeve and the tower body form a sliding sleeve motion pair; the lifting mechanism is a moving device of the sliding sleeve, and the step structure on the tower body of the existing tower crane can be used to realize the rising and falling of the sliding sleeve; the attachment frame is a square frame-shaped component, which is fixedly connected to the lower end of the sleeve, and a connection structure matching the retractable attachment mounting seat is provided on one side.

[0019] In the above scheme, when the sliding sleeve is stationary, a force transmission component is provided in the gap between the attachment frame and the tower structure to fix the attachment frame to the tower structure, and the tower load is transmitted to the building through the force transmission component, the attachment frame, the retractable attachment, and the embedded structural parts.

[0020] Accordingly, the present invention further provides a method for installing and jacking the above-mentioned obliquely attached tower crane, comprising the following steps:

[0021] Step 1: After completing the foundation base construction, hoist the foundation section;

[0022] Step 2: Sequentially hoist the sliding sleeve and the retractable attachment assembly;

[0023] Step 3: Hoist the jacking frame and boom assembly to complete the initial installation of the oblique tower crane;

[0024] Step 4: Use the jacking frame to automatically jack up and add sections to increase the height, perform vertical tower lifting operations, and install attached embedded structural parts in the building according to the design requirements. During this process, determine the position of the variable angle conversion section in the tower body according to the design, and replace the standard section with the variable angle conversion section;

[0025] Step 5: Slide the frame up and set up fixed attachment;

[0026] Step 6: Repeat steps 4 to 5 until the required tower body tilt deformation height is reached;

[0027] Step 7: Prepare the tower body for tilting and deformation, position and fix the sliding sleeve, and anchor the telescopic attachment;

[0028] Step 8: Release the rotation locking devices of the two variable angle conversion joints at the upper and lower ends of the tower to be tilted, so that it is in a rotatable state;

[0029] Step 9: The upper telescopic attachment and the lower telescopic attachment are contracted synchronously, driving the tower body above the variable angle conversion section at the upper end of the tower body to be tilted to maintain verticality and move parallel to each other, thereby driving the tower body section to be tilted to deform;

[0030] Step 10: Lock the variable angle conversion joint and install the tilting section to fix it;

[0031] Step 11: Continue the lifting operation according to step 4. When the upper vertical tower body reaches the maximum independent cantilever height or reaches the height at which the tower body needs to be tilted and deformed, stop the lifting operation.

[0032] Step 12: Release the connection between the retractable attachment and the embedded structural member, and retract the retractable attachment;

[0033] Step 13: Repeat steps 5 and 4 or steps 7 to 12. The tower body is raised section by section according to the predetermined design axis shape until the maximum tower crane height required for construction is reached.

[0034] Accordingly, the present invention also provides a method for dismantling and lowering the above-mentioned obliquely attached tower crane, comprising the following steps:

[0035] Step 14: Use the lifting frame to remove the standard sections one by one, and lower the tower section by section;

[0036] Step 15: Remove the fixed attachment below the lower sliding sleeve and release the rotation locking devices of the two adjacent variable angle conversion joints below to make them rotatable;

[0037] Step 16: The upper and lower telescopic attachments extend synchronously, driving the vertical working section tower to move parallel, thereby driving the lower inclined tower section to gradually return to its original position and reach a completely vertical state;

[0038] Step 17: Lock the locking devices of the two variable angle conversion joints in step 15 to put them in a vertical locking state;

[0039] Step 18: Release the connection between the retractable attachment and the embedded structural member, and retract the retractable attachment;

[0040] Step 19: Move the sliding sleeve down to the next working position and anchor the telescopic attachment;

[0041] Step 20: Repeat steps 14 to 19 until all inclined tower bodies are restored to a vertical state; thereafter, the connection between the retractable attachment and the embedded structural member is released, and the retractable attachment is retracted;

[0042] Step 21: Use the lifting sleeve to remove the standard section one by one, lower the tower section by section, and simultaneously move the sliding sleeve downwards to remove the fixed attachments from top to bottom until the sliding sleeve is located at the bottom of the foundation section, so that the tower height is at the lowest state;

[0043] Step 22: Hoist and remove the boom assembly and jacking frame;

[0044] Step 23: Lift and remove the sliding sleeve and the retractable attachment assembly;

[0045] Step 24: Hoist and dismantle the remaining tower structure including the standard section, transition section and foundation section to complete the tower crane dismantling operation.

[0046] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0047] 1) The oblique-attached tower crane is a completely new type of tower crane equipment. It breaks away from the existing single-structure vertical structure of tower cranes and significantly expands the types and service scope of tower cranes. Especially for the construction of tall structures with sloping facades, the use of oblique-attached tower cranes can provide a larger operating radius and lifting capacity, effectively shortening construction time and reducing construction costs.

[0048] 2) The variable-angle conversion section, sliding sleeve, and retractable attachment are unique components of the oblique-attached tower crane and are fully compatible with existing tower crane equipment. Simply by adding these three specific components to an existing tower crane, an oblique-attached tower crane can be constructed. This high compatibility not only ensures low equipment cost, ease of implementation, ease of operation, and reusability, but also allows for use as a vertical tower crane, similar to existing tower cranes.

[0049] 3) The introduction of two sets of sliding sleeves equipped with retractable attachment actuators realizes the automatic in-situ tilting and resetting of the tower body, which can adapt to the in-situ tower deformation of obliquely attached tower cranes with various tower body heights, tilt angles and tower body axis shapes. The method is simple, efficient and safe.

[0050] 4) The installation, lifting, heightening and lowering and dismantling operations of the oblique tower crane are completed in one go, with continuous movements and a high degree of automation. No other auxiliary measures are required, and it is easy to operate and highly applicable, which greatly reduces the difficulty of the installation and dismantling of the oblique tower crane, and is highly efficient and reliable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in which:

[0052] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structural composition of the obliquely attached tower crane of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the variable angle conversion section of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the sliding sleeve and the telescopic attachment structure of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 4 This is a process flow chart for the installation and jacking operation of the obliquely attached tower crane of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 5 The present invention is a process flow chart for dismantling and lowering operations of an obliquely attached tower crane.

[0057] In the figure: 11, foundation base; 12, foundation section, reinforcement section and transition section; 13, standard section; 14, lifting sleeve; 15, boom assembly; 16, fixed attachment; 17, embedded structural parts;

[0058] 21. Variable angle conversion joint; 211. Upper conversion joint; 212. Lower conversion joint; 213. Locking device; 214. Articulated shaft;

[0059] 22. Lower sliding frame; 221. Frame; 222. Lifting mechanism; 223. Attachment frame; 224. Tension member; 225. Guide mechanism;

[0060] 23. Lower retractable attachment; 231. Mounting seat; 232. Retractable support rod; 233. Anchoring seat;

[0061] 24. Upper sliding frame;

[0062] 25. Upper retractable attachment;

[0063] 3. Building; 31. Sloping facade. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0064] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention are now described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0065] like Figure 1-3As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an obliquely attached tower crane, comprising a base 11, a base section, a reinforcement section, a transition section, a standard section 13, a variable-angle conversion section 21, a fixed attachment 16, a sliding sleeve, a telescopic attachment, a lifting sleeve 14, and a boom assembly 15. The base 11, base section, reinforcement section, transition section, standard section 13, fixed attachment 16, lifting sleeve 14, and boom assembly 15 are the basic components of existing tower cranes, and their operation and lifting principles are the same as those of existing tower cranes. The variable-angle conversion section 21, sliding sleeve, and telescopic attachment are newly added components of the present invention based on the existing tower crane structure and are the core components for achieving tower tilting operations. At locations where the tower crane tower requires bending, the standard section 13 is replaced with a variable-angle conversion section 21. By simultaneously contracting the two sets of sliding sleeves and telescopic attachments, the tower between the two lower variable-angle conversion sections 21 is tilted and deformed to conform to the building's facade while maintaining the upper tower vertical. By locking the variable-angle conversion sections 21 and installing fixed attachments 16, the "broken-line" tilting tower is securely attached to the building structure, forming a stable load-bearing system that supports and transmits the tower crane's load. The variable-angle conversion sections 21 can be located at multiple locations within the tower. The sliding sleeves can be equipped with telescopic attachments and move up and down along the tower. The two sets of sliding sleeves and telescopic attachments operate consistently within the upper vertical section of the tower, spaced a certain distance apart. By simultaneously contracting or extending the two sets of telescopic attachments, the upper tower is driven to maintain verticality and undergo parallel movement, thereby driving the tower between the two lower variable-angle conversion sections 21 to tilt or return to its vertical position. A variable angle conversion section 21 is rationally arranged in the tower crane tower body to sequentially control the positions of the two sets of sliding sleeves and the telescopic movement of the telescopic attachment, thereby enabling full-cycle operation of gradually tilting the tower body during the construction jacking phase and gradually resetting the tower body during the demolition and lowering phase.

[0066] The variable-angle conversion section 21 is a special standard section that can rotate within a specific plane to a certain angle. It is the "bending section" that transforms a "straight" tower into a "broken-line" tower. Together with the foundation section, reinforcement section, transition section, and standard section, it forms the main tower body of the oblique-attached tower crane and is used to transfer upper loads, such as the boom assembly 15, to the foundation base 11. At least two variable-angle conversion sections 21 are required in the tower crane to achieve tower tilt, and both sections must be installed at the inflection points where the tower body needs to bend. The provision of variable-angle conversion sections 21 is a key feature of the oblique-attached tower crane proposed in this invention and a key component for achieving this "oblique-attached" tower body.

[0067] See also Figure 2The external dimensions, step positions and styles, and upper and lower connection terminals of the variable angle conversion section 21 are identical to those of the standard section 13, and the section comprises at least three parts: an upper conversion section 211, a lower conversion section 212, and a locking device 213. The upper conversion section 211 and the lower conversion section 212 are connected by a hinge shaft 214, and the upper conversion section 211 can rotate relative to the lower conversion section 212 around the hinge shaft 214 at a certain angle. The locking device 213 is used to lock and release the rotation between the upper conversion section 211 and the lower conversion section 212. The locking device 213 can realize the conversion section in three different working states, including a vertical locking state, a rotatable state, and a bent locking state. In the vertical locking state, the axes of the upper section 211 of the conversion section and the lower section 212 of the conversion section are collinear and the locking device 213 is locked, and the upper section 211 of the conversion section and the lower section 212 of the conversion section are fixed. At this time, the variable angle conversion section 21 has the same function as the standard section 13; in the rotatable state, the locking device 213 is released from the constraint, and the upper section 211 of the conversion section and the lower section 212 of the conversion section are hinged and can rotate relative to each other. At this time, the variable angle conversion section 21 is the movable joint for bending the tower body during the tilting of the tower body; in the bending locking state, the locking device 213 is locked after the tower body tilts to the set angle, so that the upper section 211 of the conversion section and the lower section 212 of the conversion section form a certain angle and are fixedly connected, so as to bear and transmit the load of the tilted tower body.

[0068] See also Figure 3The sliding sleeve and telescopic attachment are unique actuators for achieving tower tilt and deformation. A tilt-mounted tower crane is equipped with two sets of sliding sleeves and telescopic attachments: a lower sliding sleeve 22 and a lower telescopic attachment 23, and an upper sliding sleeve 24 and an upper telescopic attachment 25. The sliding sleeves can carry the telescopic attachments and move up and down along the tower axis. Both sliding sleeves operate within the vertical tower section below the jacking sleeve 14, generally accommodating the tower crane's lifting, adding sections, or lowering sections. The lower sliding sleeve 22 operates below this vertical tower section, while the upper sliding sleeve 24 operates between the jacking sleeve 14 and the sliding sleeve 22. The sliding sleeve 22 and the upper sliding sleeve 24 are separated by a certain distance. During normal operation, their spacing matches the spacing of the fixed attachment 16. The telescopic attachment is a precisely controlled, retractable, and load-bearing connecting support device that serves the dual functions of supporting and fixing the tower and driving the tower's tilt and deformation. One end of the telescopic attachment is hingedly connected to the outside of the lower end of the sliding sleeve, and the other end is equipped with a hinged anchor seat 233. A tension member 224 is also connected to the upper end of the sliding sleeve to constrain its rotation about the hinge point under its own weight. This allows the telescopic attachment to be mounted on the sliding sleeve and to change its height position as the sliding sleeve moves up and down along the tower axis. Depending on the operating state, the telescopic attachment has four operating modes: mobile displacement, fixed support, retracted tilt, and extended reset. In the mobile displacement mode, the anchor seat 233 end is free and unconstrained. By adjusting the length of the tension member 224, the telescopic attachment can rotate about the hinge axis close to the outside of the sliding sleeve, allowing it to change its height position as the sliding sleeve moves up and down along the tower axis. In this operating mode, the telescopic attachment can be fully retracted to its shortest length, nearly vertically close to the outside of the sliding sleeve, keeping its center of gravity as close to the tower axis as possible, thereby improving the overall stability and safety of the obliquely attached tower crane during the up and down movement of the sliding sleeve. The fixed support working mode is when the sliding sleeve is located at the attachment installation height, and the length of the tension member 224 is adjusted so that the retractable attachment is rotated around the hinge axis and lowered to a nearly horizontal state, and the anchor seat 233 is fixedly connected to the embedded structural member 17 on the building. In this working mode, the length of the retractable attachment remains unchanged, and the tower load can be transferred to the building through the sliding sleeve, the retractable attachment, and the embedded structural member 17, which is equivalent to the fixed attachment 16 used to fix and support the main body of the tower. The contraction and tilt working mode is based on the fixed support working mode, and the retractable attachment contracts to gradually shorten its length, thereby driving the tower body to deform from a vertical state to an inclined state. The extension and reset working mode is based on the fixed support working mode, and the retractable attachment extends to gradually lengthen its length, thereby driving the tower body to deform from an inclined state to a vertical state.

[0069] Furthermore, the sliding sleeve is a movable device that can be sleeved onto the tower body and comprises at least a sleeve 221, a lifting mechanism 222, an attachment frame 223, and a tension member 224. Sleeve 221 is a frame structure similar in shape to the tower body, with a hollow channel slightly larger than the outer dimensions of the tower body. It can be sleeved onto the tower body and is provided with a guide mechanism 225 (e.g., a guide wheel) on its inner side, so that sleeve 221 and the tower body form a sliding sleeve kinematic pair. Lifting mechanism 222 is the movable device of the sliding sleeve. It can utilize the step structure on the tower body of an existing tower crane and adopt the same lifting mechanism as lifting sleeve 14 to achieve the raising and lowering of the sliding sleeve. Attachment frame 223 is a square frame-shaped component fixedly connected to the lower end of sleeve 221. A connecting structure that matches the retractable attachment mounting seat 231 is provided on one side. During the upward and downward movement of the sliding sleeve, a certain gap exists between the attachment frame 223 and the tower body, preventing collision or interference with the main tower structure. The self-weight load of the telescopic attachment is transmitted through the attachment frame 223 to the sleeve 221, and then to the tower steps through the lifting mechanism 222 on the sleeve 221. When the telescopic attachment is in the fixed support, retraction and tilt, and extension and reset operating modes, the sliding sleeve is stationary. By installing a force transmission member (such as a wedge block) in the gap between the attachment frame 223 and the tower structure, the attachment frame 223 is fixed to the tower structure. The tower load is transmitted to the building through the force transmission member, the attachment frame 223, the telescopic attachment, and the embedded structural member 17. The tension member 224 is provided at the upper end of the sleeve 221 to bear the self-weight load of the telescopic attachment and is equipped with a length expansion and contraction device to control its length, thereby adjusting the position of the telescopic attachment.

[0070] Furthermore, the retractable attachment is a special attachment that has the same function as a conventional tower crane attachment in supporting and stabilizing the tower body, and includes at least a mounting base 231, a retractable support rod 232, and an anchoring base 233. The mounting base 231 is connected to the attachment frame 223. The anchoring base 233 matches the embedded structural member 17 on the building and can be fixed by bolts or other means. Both ends of the retractable support rod 232 are connected to the mounting base 231 and the anchoring base 233 in a hinged manner. The retractable support rod 232 is an automated structural device with adjustable length, which can achieve precise length adjustment and locking through electrical or hydraulic control methods.

[0071] Correspondingly, the present invention also proposes an operating method for the above-mentioned obliquely attached tower crane, including an installation jacking operation method and a dismantling lowering operation method.

[0072] See also Figure 4 , the process flow of installation jacking operation method:

[0073] Step 1: After completing the foundation base 11, hoist the foundation section. If the foundation section height does not meet the installation height of the two sets of sliding sleeves and the lifting sleeve 14, it is necessary to hoist the reinforcement section (if any), transition section, standard section 13, or variable angle conversion section 21 in sequence to increase the tower height to a level greater than the required tower height for the two sets of sliding sleeves and the lifting sleeve 14.

[0074] Step 2: Sequentially hoist the sliding sleeve and telescopic attachment assembly. First, hoist the lower sliding sleeve 22 and lower telescopic attachment 23 assembly, hovering them at the bottom of the tower in Step 1. Then, hoist the upper sliding sleeve 24 and upper telescopic attachment 25 assembly, hovering them in the middle of the tower in Step 1. At this point, both lower telescopic attachment 23 and upper telescopic attachment 25 are in mobile and transposition mode, mounted in a nearly vertical position on the outside of the sliding sleeve.

[0075] Step 3: Hoist the jacking frame 14 and the boom assembly 15 to complete the initial installation of the oblique tower crane.

[0076] Step 4: Utilizing the jacking sleeve 14, the tower is automatically raised and sectioned, and the vertical tower is hoisted. Pre-embedded structural members 17 are then installed in the building according to design requirements. This step is identical to the automatic jacking, sectioning, and hoisting methods used in existing tower cranes. The difference is that the position of the variable-angle conversion section 21 in the tower is determined according to the design, and the standard section 13 is replaced with the variable-angle conversion section 21. At this point, the variable-angle conversion section 21 is locked in a vertical position, performing the same function as the standard section 13.

[0077] Step 5: Raise the Sliding Frame and Install the Fixed Attachment 16. When the tower reaches the maximum independent cantilever height (as determined in Step 4) and requires the installation of the fixed attachment 16, or reaches the required tilting and deformation height, cease lifting operations and sequentially raise the upper sliding frame 24 and lower sliding frame 22 to the predetermined positions, positioning the lower sliding frame 22 above the location where the fixed attachment 16 will be installed. Install the fixed attachment 16 as designed. Generally, a fixed attachment 16 must be installed at the variable angle conversion section 21, and the frame surrounding the fixed attachment 16 must be placed below the variable angle conversion section 21.

[0078] Step 6: Repeat steps 4 to 5 until the required tower tilt and deformation height is reached.

[0079] Step 7: Prepare for tower body tilting and deformation, position and fix the sliding sleeve, and anchor the retractable attachment. When the tower body needs to be tilted and deformed, the uppermost fixed attachment 16 must be set at the lower section of the variable angle conversion section 21 at the lower end of the tower body to be tilted. The sliding sleeve 22 is climbed and positioned above the variable angle conversion section 21 at the upper end of the tower body to be tilted. The upper sliding sleeve 24 is climbed and positioned according to the designed attachment spacing, and the attachment frames 223 of the upper sliding sleeve 24 and the lower sliding sleeve 22 are respectively fixed to the tower body. Afterwards, the tension member 224 is controlled to be lowered and retracted to a nearly horizontal position. By adjusting the length and lowering angle of the retractable attachment, the anchor seats 233 of the upper retractable attachment 25 and the lower retractable attachment 23 are aligned with the embedded structural member 17 in the building, and the anchor seats 233 and the embedded structural member 17 are effectively fixed.

[0080] Step 8: Release the rotation locking devices 213 of the two variable angle conversion joints 21 at the upper and lower ends of the tower to be tilted, so that the tower is in a rotatable state.

[0081] Step 9: The upper and lower telescopic attachments 25 and 23 retract synchronously, driving the tower above the variable angle conversion section 21 to maintain verticality and parallel movement, thereby causing the tower section to tilt and deform. When the tower tilt angle reaches the designed value, the upper and lower telescopic attachments 25 and 23 stop retracting and lock their length.

[0082] Step 10: Lock the variable-angle conversion joint 21 and install the tilting section fixed attachment 16. After the tilting deformation is completed, lock the locking devices 213 of the two variable-angle conversion joints 21 at the upper and lower ends of the tilting section tower, placing them in a bent and locked state. Install the fixed attachment 16 at the lower section of the upper variable-angle conversion joint 21.

[0083] Step 11: Continue the hoisting operation as in step 4. When the upper vertical tower reaches the maximum independent cantilever height or reaches the height at which the tower needs to be tilted and deformed, stop the hoisting operation. At this time, the upper telescopic attachment 25 and the lower telescopic attachment 23 serve as the fixed attachment 16 to support the tower.

[0084] Step 12: Disconnect the telescopic attachment from the embedded structural member 17 and retract the telescopic attachment. Disconnect the anchoring base 233 of the upper telescopic attachment 25 and the lower telescopic attachment 23 from the embedded structural member 17, and control the tension member 224 to retract the telescopic attachment, placing the telescopic attachment in a mobile and transposition mode.

[0085] Step 13: Repeat steps 5 and 4 or steps 7 to 12. The tower body is raised section by section according to the predetermined design axis shape until the maximum tower crane height required for construction is reached.

[0086] See also Figure 5After completing all the construction of the building structure, the tower body can be dismantled section by section according to the reverse operation of the above-mentioned installation jacking operation process. The process of dismantling the lowering operation method is as follows:

[0087] Step 14: Use the lifting frame 14 to remove the standard sections 13 one by one, and then lower the tower body in sections. This step is exactly the same as the section lowering operation of existing tower cranes. When the lifting frame 14 and the upper sliding frame 24 are close to each other and the section lowering operation cannot continue, the removal is stopped.

[0088] Step 15: Remove the fixed attachment 16 below the lower sliding sleeve 22 and release the rotation locking devices 213 of the two adjacent variable angle conversion joints 21 below to make them rotatable.

[0089] Step 16: The upper telescopic attachment 25 and the lower telescopic attachment 23 extend synchronously, driving the vertical working section tower to move parallel, and then driving the lower inclined tower section to gradually reset and reach a completely vertical state.

[0090] Step 17: Lock the locking devices 213 of the two variable angle conversion joints 21 in step 15 so that they are in a vertical locking state.

[0091] Step 18: Disconnect the telescopic attachment from the embedded structural member 17 and retract the telescopic attachment. Disconnect the anchoring base 233 of the upper telescopic attachment 25 and the lower telescopic attachment 23 from the embedded structural member 17, and control the tension member 224 to retract the telescopic attachment, placing the telescopic attachment in a mobile and transposition mode.

[0092] Step 19: Lower the sliding sleeve and anchor the telescopic attachment. Release the attachment frame 223 of the upper sliding sleeve 24 and the lower sliding sleeve 22 from the tower body. Lower the sliding sleeve 22 and upper sliding sleeve 24 to their next working position. Then, secure the attachment frame 223 of the upper sliding sleeve 24 and lower sliding sleeve 22 to the tower body. Then, control the tension member 224 to lower the telescopic attachment to a nearly horizontal position. By adjusting the length and lowering angle of the telescopic attachment, align the anchoring bases 233 of the upper and lower telescopic attachments 25 and 23 with the embedded structural member 17 in the building, effectively securing the anchoring bases 233 to the embedded structural member 17.

[0093] Step 20: Repeat Step 14 to Step 19 until all inclined tower bodies are reset to a vertical state. Afterwards, the connection between the telescopic attachment and the embedded structural member 17 is released and the telescopic attachment is retracted.

[0094] Step 21: Use the lifting sleeve 14 to remove the standard section 13 section by section, lower the tower section by section, and simultaneously move the sliding sleeve downward to remove the fixed attachment 16 from top to bottom until the sliding sleeve 22 is located at the bottom of the foundation section, so that the tower height is at the lowest state.

[0095] Step 22: Hoist and remove the boom assembly 15 and the lifting frame 14.

[0096] Step 23: Lift and remove the sliding sleeve and retractable attachment assembly.

[0097] Step 24: Hoist and remove the remaining standards, transition sections, foundation sections and other tower structures to complete the tower crane dismantling operation.

[0098] The embodiments of the present invention are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods. The above-mentioned specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of the present invention, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention and the claims, all of which are protected by the present invention.

Claims

1. An oblique tower crane, comprising a tower body, a lifting frame, and a boom assembly, characterized in that: It also includes a number of variable-angle conversion joints, at least two sets of sliding sleeves and retractable attachments that are adapted one by one to the sliding sleeves; the variable-angle conversion joint is set at the inflection point where the tower body needs to be bent, replacing the original standard joint at that position; the variable-angle conversion joint includes an upper conversion joint section, a lower conversion joint section and a locking device, the upper conversion joint section and the lower conversion joint section are connected by a hinge, the upper conversion joint section can rotate around the hinge axis at a certain angle relative to the lower conversion joint section, and the locking device is used to lock or release the rotation between the upper conversion joint section and the lower conversion joint section; the sliding sleeve is sleeved on the outer periphery of the upper vertical section of the tower body, and the variable-angle conversion joint section is provided at the lower periphery of the tower body, and the variable-angle conversion joint section is provided at the lower periphery of the tower body, and the variable-angle conversion joint section is provided at the lower periphery of the tower body, and the variable-angle conversion joint section is provided at the lower periphery of the tower body, and the variable-angle conversion joint section is provided at the lower periphery of the tower body, and the variable-angle conversion joint section is provided at the upper ... The telescopic attachment is installed on the outside of the sliding sleeve near the side of the building. The sliding sleeve can carry the telescopic attachment and move up and down along the tower body. All the sliding sleeves and telescopic attachments always run on the upper vertical section of the tower body and are separated by a certain distance. The telescopic attachment includes a telescopic support rod, one end of the telescopic support rod is connected to the sliding sleeve, and the other end can be connected to or released from the building. When the telescopic support rod is connected to the building, the upper tower body is driven to remain vertical and move parallel to the building through the simultaneous contraction or extension of multiple groups of telescopic support rods, thereby driving the tilt or reset of the tower body between the two variable angle conversion sections at the bottom. One end of the telescopic support rod is provided with a mounting seat, and the mounting seat matches and is connected to the connecting structure provided at the lower end of the sliding sleeve. The other end of the telescopic support rod is provided with an anchor seat matching the embedded structural member on the building, and the two ends of the telescopic support rod are hinged to the mounting seat and the anchor seat respectively; a tension member is installed on the upper part of the sliding sleeve, and the tension member is connected to the other end of the telescopic support rod, and the telescopic support rod is driven to rotate around the mounting seat by the tension member, thereby adjusting the position state of the telescopic support rod; The retractable attachment has four working modes: mobile transposition, fixed support, contraction and tilt, and extension and reset. The movable transposition working mode is that the anchor seat end is free and has no connection constraints. By adjusting the length of the tension member, the telescopic attachment is rotated around the hinge axis to be close to the outside of the sliding sleeve, and the height position can be changed as the sliding sleeve moves up and down along the axial direction of the tower body; The fixed support working mode is that the sliding sleeve is located at the attachment installation height position, the length of the tension member is adjusted, and the telescopic attachment is rotated around the hinge axis and lowered to a nearly horizontal state, and the anchor seat is fixedly connected to the embedded structural member on the building; The contraction and tilting working mode is based on the fixed support working mode, and the retractable attachment contracts to gradually shorten its length, thereby driving the tower body to deform from a vertical state to an inclined state; The extension and reset working mode is based on the fixed support working mode. The retractable attachment is extended to gradually lengthen its length, thereby driving the tower body to deform from an inclined state to a vertical state.

2. The obliquely attached tower crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding sleeves are provided in two sets, namely the lower sliding sleeve and the upper sliding sleeve; the telescopic attachments are correspondingly provided in two sets, namely the lower telescopic attachment and the upper telescopic attachment.

3. The obliquely attached tower crane according to claim 1, wherein: The external dimensions, step positions and styles, and upper and lower connecting terminals of the variable angle conversion section are exactly the same as those of the standard section of the tower body.

4. The obliquely attached tower crane according to claim 3, characterized in that: The locking device can realize that the variable angle conversion joint is in three different working states, including a vertical locking state, a rotatable state and a bent locking state: The vertical locking state is that the axes of the upper section of the conversion section and the lower section of the conversion section are collinear and the locking device is locked, and the upper section of the conversion section and the lower section of the conversion section are fixed. At this time, the function of the variable angle conversion section is consistent with that of the standard section. The rotatable state is when the locking device is released and the upper section of the conversion section and the lower section of the conversion section are hinged and can rotate relative to each other. At this time, the variable angle conversion section is a movable joint that bends the tower body during the tilting process of the tower body; The bending locking state is that the locking device is locked after the tower body tilts to a set angle, so that the upper section of the conversion section and the lower section of the conversion section form a certain angle and are fixedly connected, bearing and transmitting the load of the tilted tower body.

5. The obliquely attached tower crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding sleeve includes a sleeve, a lifting mechanism, and an attachment frame; the sleeve is a frame structure with a hollow channel, which can be sleeved on the tower body, and a guide mechanism is provided on the inner side thereof, so that the sleeve and the tower body form a sliding sleeve motion pair; the lifting mechanism is a moving device of the sliding sleeve, and the step structure on the tower body of the existing tower crane can be used to realize the rising and falling of the sliding sleeve; the attachment frame is a square frame-shaped component, which is fixedly connected to the lower end of the sleeve, and a connection structure matching the retractable attachment mounting seat is provided on one side.

6. The obliquely attached tower crane according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the sliding sleeve is stationary, a force transmission component is provided in the gap between the attachment frame and the tower structure to fix the attachment frame to the tower structure, and the tower load is transmitted to the building through the force transmission component, the attachment frame, the retractable attachment, and the embedded structural parts.

7. The installation and jacking method of an obliquely attached tower crane according to claim 1, wherein: The following steps are involved: Step 1: After completing the foundation base construction, hoist the foundation section; Step 2: Sequentially hoist the sliding sleeve and the retractable attachment assembly; Step 3: Hoist the jacking frame and boom assembly to complete the initial installation of the oblique tower crane; Step 4: Use the jacking frame to automatically jack up and add sections to increase the height, perform vertical tower lifting operations, and install attached embedded structural parts in the building according to the design requirements. During this process, determine the position of the variable angle conversion section in the tower body according to the design, and replace the standard section with the variable angle conversion section; Step 5: Climb the sliding frame and set up fixed attachment; Step 6: Repeat steps 4 to 5 until the required tower body tilt deformation height is reached; Step 7: Prepare the tower body for tilting and deformation, position and fix the sliding sleeve, and anchor the telescopic attachment; Step 8: Release the rotation locking devices of the two variable angle conversion joints at the upper and lower ends of the tower to be tilted, so that it is in a rotatable state; Step 9: The upper telescopic attachment and the lower telescopic attachment are contracted synchronously, driving the tower body above the variable angle conversion section at the upper end of the tower body to be tilted to maintain verticality and move parallel to each other, thereby driving the tower body section to be tilted to deform; Step 10: Lock the variable angle conversion joint and install the tilting section to fix it; Step 11: Continue the lifting operation according to step 4. When the upper vertical tower body reaches the maximum independent cantilever height or reaches the height at which the tower body needs to be tilted and deformed, stop the lifting operation. Step 12: Release the connection between the retractable attachment and the embedded structural member, and retract the retractable attachment; Step 13: Repeat steps 5 and 4 or steps 7 to 12. The tower body is raised section by section according to the predetermined design axis shape until the maximum tower crane height required for construction is reached.

8. The dismantling and lowering method of an obliquely attached tower crane according to claim 1, wherein: The following steps are involved: Step 14: Use the lifting frame to remove the standard sections one by one, and lower the tower section by section; Step 15: Remove the fixed attachment below the lower sliding sleeve and release the rotation locking devices of the two adjacent variable angle conversion joints below to make them rotatable; Step 16: The upper and lower telescopic attachments extend synchronously, driving the vertical working section tower to move parallel, thereby driving the lower inclined tower section to gradually return to its original position and reach a completely vertical state; Step 17: Lock the locking devices of the two variable angle conversion joints in step 15 to put them in a vertical locking state; Step 18: Release the connection between the retractable attachment and the embedded structural member, and retract the retractable attachment; Step 19: Move the sliding sleeve down to the next working position and anchor the telescopic attachment; Step 20: Repeat steps 14 to 19 until all inclined tower bodies are restored to a vertical state; thereafter, the connection between the retractable attachment and the embedded structural member is released, and the retractable attachment is retracted; Step 21: Use the lifting sleeve to remove the standard section one by one, lower the tower section by section, and simultaneously move the sliding sleeve downwards to remove the fixed attachments from top to bottom until the sliding sleeve is located at the bottom of the foundation section, so that the tower height is at the lowest state; Step 22: Hoist and remove the boom assembly and jacking frame; Step 23: Lift and remove the sliding sleeve and the retractable attachment assembly; Step 24: Hoist and dismantle the remaining tower structure including the standard section, transition section and foundation section to complete the tower crane dismantling operation.

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