An explosive power source hopkinson torsion apparatus

Abstract

The application discloses an explosive power source Hopkinson torsional instrument, which comprises explosive filling and an auxiliary fixing device thereof, and an explosion generating pulse force transmission device used in cooperation with the explosive filling and the auxiliary fixing device thereof; the explosion generating pulse force transmission device is connected with one end of an incident rod; the other end of the incident rod is connected with a transmission rod through a test piece connecting device; the test piece connecting device is provided with a test piece; the lower sides of the incident rod and the transmission rod are further provided with integrated torsional rod supporting devices; and a wave unloading device is arranged at the tail end of the transmission rod; the torsional instrument can accurately control the generation of an explosion shock wave, ensure that an impact load is completely converted into a torque, avoid the harm of explosion during constant strain rate loading, and improve the safety of an experimental system through the arrangement of the explosive filling and the auxiliary fixing device thereof, the explosion generating pulse force transmission device, the torsional rod supporting devices and the test piece connecting device; and the torsional instrument has the characteristics of reasonable structure design, simple operation, high safety and high measurement precision.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of material dynamic mechanical property experiment equipment, in particular to an explosive power source Hopkinson torsion apparatus. BACKGROUND

[0002] The impact stress wave suffered by the underground cavern during excavation and use process will cause severe disturbance to the surrounding rock, and under the action of low strain rate load and high strain rate load (10 2 -10 4 S -1 ), the change rule of the mechanical properties of rock material is quite different, especially the strength, which has obvious difference and shows certain strain rate effect; however, due to the complexity of high strain rate shear load application, it is quite difficult to carry out the impact torsion test of rock, and the research on the shear mechanical properties of rock under the action of impact torsion load has not met the demand of actual engineering, therefore, it is urgent to explore the shear mechanical properties of rock material under high strain rate in order to guide and solve the rock mass engineering problems; in such research, the classical split Hopkinson torsion bar (SHTB) experiment is widely applied;

[0003] Compared with other impact torsion loading methods, the explosive impact torsion loading has obvious advantages, in 1971, Duffy proposed an explosive impact torsion loading method different from the pre-torque, that is, the rotating blades are fixed on both sides of the loading end of the incident bar, and two groups of explosive packs are symmetrically arranged on the same side of the rotating blades; when loading, the two explosive packs are ignited at the same time through the fuse, and the impact force generated by the explosion is equivalent to applying a pair of force couple to the loading bar, forming a torsional wave, completing the instantaneous loading of dynamic torsion load, but the experiment still has the following disadvantages:

[0004] 1. Affected by many unpredictable factors such as explosive composition and quantity, fuse ignition time, etc., the explosive impact load cannot be accurately controlled;

[0005] 2. The explosive explosion process is a variable strain rate loading process, which is difficult to ensure constant strain rate loading;

[0006] 3. The explosive impact is relatively large, which causes the rotating blades to be unable to be completely fixed after the charging is completed, and the experimental equipment adopts single horizontal direction rotating blades, which is difficult to ensure that the explosive impact wave is completely converted into a torque wave;

[0007] 4. The explosive explosion has great destructive nature, which greatly increases the danger in the experimental process;

[0008] Because the above problems can not be effectively solved, the experimental scheme of taking explosion impact as the torsional wave energy source has been shelved so far, therefore, it is urgent to design an explosive power source Hopkinson torsional apparatus to solve the problems existing in the prior art. SUMMARY

[0009] In view of the above problems, the present application aims to provide an explosive power source Hopkinson torsional apparatus, which can be filled with solid block explosive and simultaneously initiated by electric spark in the experimental process, and the generation of explosion shock wave can be accurately controlled by setting the explosive filling and its auxiliary fixing device, explosion pulse force transmission device, torsional rod supporting device and test piece connecting device; the mortise and tenon structure is used to fix the explosive filling bin, and the annular horizontal and vertical arrangement of the explosive filling bin is controlled to ensure that the impact load is completely converted into torque; the impact bullet design is used to ensure constant strain rate loading; the gas guide hole and high-strength rigid protection cylinder design are introduced to prevent the harm caused by abnormal explosion and improve the safety of the experimental system; the integrated support device design is used to ensure the centering and leveling of the torsional rod, and at the same time, the loss in the process of torsional wave transmission can be reduced, and the apparatus has the characteristics of reasonable structure design, simple operation, high safety and high measurement accuracy.

[0010] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0011] An explosive power source Hopkinson torsional apparatus, comprising an explosive filling and its auxiliary fixing device for filling and fixing explosive; an explosion pulse force transmission device for converting impact load into torque, which is used in cooperation with the explosive filling and its auxiliary fixing device; the explosion pulse force transmission device is connected with one end of an incident rod, and the other end of the incident rod is connected with a transmission rod through a test piece connecting device, and the lower side of the incident rod and the transmission rod is further provided with an integrated torsional rod supporting device for adjusting the level of the incident rod and the transmission rod, and the tail end of the transmission rod is further provided with a wave absorbing device for absorbing residual energy.

[0012] Preferably, the explosive filling and its auxiliary fixing device comprises a telescopic transmission mechanism, a mortise and tenon fixing mechanism, a charging member and a positioning column,

[0013] The telescopic transmission mechanism comprises a telescopic adjusting bolt and a first baffle, the telescopic adjusting bolt is arranged on the first baffle, a motor is arranged on the first baffle and cooperates with the telescopic adjusting bolt, and an external thread is arranged on the telescopic adjusting bolt and cooperates with the charging member;

[0014] The mortise and tenon fixing mechanism is arranged on the positioning column and cooperates with the charging member;

[0015] The charging member penetrates the positioning column, and a plurality of charging assemblies are arranged in a ring shape symmetrically at the end of the charging member.

[0016] Preferably, the tenon and mortise fixing mechanism comprises vertical fixing components and horizontal fixing components perpendicular to each other, and the vertical fixing components and horizontal fixing components each comprise a positioning square column, a synchronous motor, a positioning gear and a support plate,

[0017] The support plate is symmetrically arranged outside the positioning column, and an arc-shaped slot is arranged on the support plate to cooperate with the synchronous motor;

[0018] A driving shaft is arranged between the two symmetrically arranged synchronous motors, the positioning gear is arranged on the driving shaft, and cooperates with a positioning key arranged on the driving shaft;

[0019] The positioning square column is arranged on the positioning column and cooperates with the positioning gear and a positioning square column insertion hole arranged on the charging member.

[0020] Preferably, the charging assembly is arranged on the mounting plate at the end of the charging member, and comprises a charge filling bin, an impact bullet and a spark initiator,

[0021] The charge filling bin is a hollow sleeve, and a vent hole is arranged on the charge filling bin;

[0022] The impact bullet is arranged in the internal cavity of the charge filling bin and cooperates with an electromagnet arranged inside the bottom of the charge filling bin at the end of the charge filling bin;

[0023] The spark initiator is arranged outside the end of the bottom of the charge filling bin and cooperates with the impact bullet to form a sealed charge filling section in the charge filling bin, and the vent hole is arranged on the sidewall of the charge filling bin at the position of the charge filling section to the rear part and is in communication with the internal cavity of the charge filling bin.

[0024] Preferably, the explosive occurrence pulse force transmission device comprises a pulse force transmission disc and a force transmission rod,

[0025] The pulse force transmission disc is integrally formed at the end of the force transmission rod, and a plurality of high-strength steel second baffles are symmetrically arranged in a ring shape on the pulse force transmission disc, and the second baffles cooperate with the mounting plate and the impact bullet;

[0026] The force transmission rod is arranged at the tail end of the pulse force transmission disc and cooperates with the incident rod.

[0027] Preferably, the torsion rod support device comprises a centering and damping mechanism, a lifting type threaded jack, a middle bearing platform and a lower base,

[0028] The centering and damping mechanism is arranged at the top end of the lifting type threaded jack and cooperates with the incident rod and the transmission rod;

[0029] The lifting screw jack is arranged at the lower side of the centering damping mechanism, and a lower base is arranged at the upper end of the lifting screw jack, which is used in cooperation with the centering damping mechanism.

[0030] The middle bearing platform is arranged at the lower end of the lifting screw jack.

[0031] Preferably, the centering damping mechanism comprises an inner ring and an outer ring,

[0032] The inner ring is arranged at the inner side of the outer ring and is used in cooperation with the incident rod and the transmission rod, and a spring is arranged between the inner ring and the outer ring in a ring shape.

[0033] The inner side of the outer ring is provided with a ball shaft sliding track, and a ball shaft is arranged in the ball shaft sliding track in a ring shape, which is used in cooperation with the inner ring.

[0034] A plurality of lasers are further arranged on the lower base.

[0035] Preferably, the test piece connecting device comprises a left connecting end, a left rotating nut, a right connecting end and a right rotating nut,

[0036] The left connecting end is arranged at the left end of the test piece, is rigidly connected with the incident rod, and is connected with the test piece through the left rotating nut.

[0037] The right connecting end is arranged at the right end of the test piece, is rigidly connected with the transmission rod, and is connected with the test piece through the right rotating nut.

[0038] Preferably, the left connecting end and the right connecting end each comprise a rigid base, a guard wall arranged on the rigid base and a pressing piece,

[0039] The rigid base is a cylindrical rigid connecting column, the end of the rigid base is rigidly connected with the incident rod or the transmission rod, and a plurality of expansion grooves are arranged on the rigid base.

[0040] The guard wall is arranged in the expansion groove through a cylindrical filler body support rod and is used in cooperation with a roller sliding track arranged on the bottom surface of the pressing piece.

[0041] The pressing piece is arranged in the rigid base, and a permanent magnet arranged on the pressing piece is used in cooperation with an electromagnet arranged in the rigid base.

[0042] Preferably, a glue cutting surface is further arranged on the rigid base, the glue cutting surface is arranged on the front end surface of the rigid base, and a notch is arranged on the glue cutting surface and is used in cooperation with the test piece.

[0043] One end of the cylindrical filler support rod is provided with a second trunnion connected with the guard wall, and the other end of the cylindrical filler support rod is provided with a roller which is used in cooperation with a roller sliding track;

[0044] The guard wall comprises integrally formed arc-shaped guard wall plates and guard wall support rods arranged at the lower ends of the arc-shaped guard wall plates and connected with rotating mounting seats arranged at the bottom of the telescopic groove through the first trunnions arranged on the guard wall support rods; and the arc-shaped guard wall plates are provided with threads on both inner and outer sides.

[0045] The explosive power source Hopkinson torsional instrument has the advantages that the explosive power source Hopkinson torsional instrument is provided, compared with the prior art, and has the following improvement:

[0046] 1. The explosive power source Hopkinson torsional instrument is designed, comprising explosive filling and auxiliary fixing device, explosion pulse transmission device, incident rod, test piece connecting device, transmission rod and wave unloading device, in use, the torsional instrument can fill the explosive magazine with equal blocky explosives, strictly control the explosion energy, and then accurately control the explosion pulse energy, and meanwhile, the impact head is used to impact the baffle to avoid other shock wave interference, thereby effectively improving the experimental precision; the combination design of the annular explosive filling magazine and the annular baffle realizes the conversion of the explosion shock pulse into torque; the design of the gas guide hole and the high-strength rigid protection cylinder effectively avoids the harm caused by abnormal explosion, improves the safety of the experimental device, and has the advantages of reasonable structure design, simple operation, high safety and high measurement precision.

[0047] 2. The mortise and tenon fixing structure is introduced into the explosive filling and auxiliary fixing device, and in the experimental equipment, the fixing of the explosive magazine determines the explosion shock conversion into torque, the mortise and tenon structure is combined with the gear to fully realize the fixing of the explosive magazine, has considerable superiority, and effectively guarantees the safety of the experimental process and the precision of the experimental results.

[0048] 3. The torsional rod support device is arranged on the upper end of the torsional rod support device, and the laser is arranged in the inner ring to center the torsional rod; the spring is arranged in the middle of the inner and outer rings to reduce the frictional resistance of the support device to the torsional rod, effectively reducing the experimental error; the threaded lifting jack is arranged at the bottom, compared with the hydraulic device, is more economical and practical, reduces the equipment cost, and does not affect the function of the experimental equipment.

[0049] 4. The torsion tester is provided by the combination of adhesive and mechanical anchoring connection mode, the ring section of the two ends of the test piece is connected with the joint by high-performance adhesive in use, the mechanical anchoring is realized by the cooperation of the tightening of the nut and the internal protection wall, the friction is improved by improving the pressure of the protection wall plate on the side wall, and then the strength of the connection is improved, and the precision in the torsion breaking experiment process is effectively ensured. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0050] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic view of the explosive power source Hopkinson torsion tester.

[0051] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic view of the explosive filling and auxiliary fixing device.

[0052] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic view of the telescopic transmission mechanism.

[0053] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic view of the mortise and tenon fixing mechanism.

[0054] Figure 5 It is a front view of the mortise and tenon fixing mechanism.

[0055] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic view of the vertical fixing assembly and horizontal fixing assembly.

[0056] Figure 7 It is an exploded view of the vertical fixing assembly and horizontal fixing assembly.

[0057] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic view of the charging member.

[0058] Figure 9 It is a right view of the charging member.

[0059] Figure 10 It is a structural schematic view of the charging member.

[0060] Figure 11 It is an exploded view of the charging member.

[0061] Figure 12 It is a principle view of the detonation of the charging member.

[0062] Figure 13 It is a structural schematic view of the protective sleeve.

[0063] Figure 14 It is a structural schematic view of the torsion rod supporting device.

[0064] Figure 15 It is a structural schematic view of the centering and damping mechanism.

[0065] Figure 16 It is the sectional view of the centering damping mechanism of the application.

[0066] Figure 17 It is the front view of the centering damping mechanism of the application.

[0067] Figure 18 It is the structural schematic diagram of the lifting type screw jack of the application.

[0068] Figure 19 It is the structural schematic diagram of the test piece connecting device of the application.

[0069] Figure 20 It is the structural schematic diagram when the left connecting end head and the right connecting end head are separated.

[0070] Figure 21 It is the structural schematic diagram of the rigid matrix of the application.

[0071] Figure 22 It is the exploded view of the left connecting end head and the right connecting end head of the application.

[0072] Figure 23 It is the structural schematic diagram of the compacted part of the application.

[0073] Figure 24 It is the structural schematic diagram of the left rotating nut and the right rotating nut of the application.

[0074] Figure 25 It is the structural schematic diagram of the wave unloading device of the application.

[0075] Figure 26 It is the sectional view of the wave unloading device of the application.

[0076] 1. Explosive filling and its auxiliary fixing device, 1-1. Telescopic transmission mechanism, 1-1-1. Telescopic adjusting bolt, 1-1-2. First baffle, 1-2. Mortise and tenon fixing mechanism, 1-2-1. Vertical fixing assembly, 1-2-1-1. Positioning square column, 1-2-1-2. Synchronous motor, 1-2-1-3. Positioning gear, 1-2-1-4. Support plate, 1-2-1-5. Meshing tooth groove, 1-2-1-6. Drive shaft, 1-2-2. Horizontal fixing assembly, 1-3. Charging member, 1-3-1. Charge bin, 1-3-2. Impact bullet, 1-3-3. Vent hole, 1-3-4. Electromagnet, 1-3-5. Mounting plate, 1-3-6. Positioning square column insertion hole, 1-3-7. Spark igniter, 1-3-8. Cylindrical explosive, 1-3-9. Charge bin bottom, 1-4. Positioning column, 2. Explosion occurrence pulse force transmission device, 2-1. Pulse force transmission disc, 2-1-1. Second baffle, 2-2. Force transmission rod, 2-3. Protective sleeve, 3. Torsion bar support device, 3-1. Centering shock absorbing mechanism, 3-1-1. Spring, 3-1-2. Inner circular ring, 3-1-3. Ball shaft sliding track, 3-1-4. Outer circular ring, 3-1-5. Ball shaft, 3-2. Lifting type threaded jack, 3-2-1. Jack upper bearing platform, 3-2-2. Rotatable connection end head, 3-2-3. Jack lower base, 3-3. Middle bearing platform, 3-4. Lower base, 3-4-1. Laser, 4. Test piece connecting device, 4-1. Left side connecting end head, 4-1-1. Rigid base body, 4-1-1-1. Electromagnet, 4-1-1-2. Adhesive cross section, 4-1-1-3. Telescopic groove, 4-1-2. Guard wall, 4-1-2-1. First trunnion, 4-1-2-2. Guard wall plate, 4-1-2-3. Guard wall support rod, 4-1-3. Cylindrical filling body support rod, 4-1-3-1. Second trunnion, 4-1-3-2. Roller, 4-1-4. Pressing member, 4-1-4-1. Permanent magnet, 4-1-4-2. Roller sliding track, 4-2. Left side rotating nut, 4-3. Test piece, 4-4. Right side connecting end head, 4-5. Right side rotating nut, 5. Incident rod, 6. Transmission rod, 7. Wave unloading device, 7-1. Honeycomb structure frame, 7-2. First layer honeycomb aperture filling layer, 7-3. Second layer honeycomb aperture filling layer, 7-4. Third layer honeycomb aperture filling layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0077] In order to enable a person skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present application, the technical solutions of the present application are further described below in combination with the drawings and examples.

[0078] Example 1: refer to the drawings Figures 1-26The Hopkinson torsion apparatus for explosive power sources includes an explosive filling and auxiliary fixing device 1 for filling and fixing explosives in equal quantities, and an explosive pulse transmission device 2 used in conjunction with the explosive filling and auxiliary fixing device 1 to completely convert the impact load into torque. The explosive pulse transmission device 2 is connected to one end of an incident rod 5 to transmit torque through the incident rod 5. The other end of the incident rod 5 is connected to a transmission rod 6 through a specimen connecting device 4. A specimen is installed in the specimen connecting device 4, and a wave-relief device 7 is also provided at the tail end of the transmission rod 6 to remove the influence of the torque transmitted through the transmission rod 6 on the experimental progress.

[0079] Preferably, in order to fill and fix the explosive before the experiment, the explosive filling and auxiliary fixing device 1 is designed to include a telescopic transmission mechanism 1-1, a mortise and tenon fixing mechanism 1-2, a loading component 1-3, and a positioning post 1-4, wherein...

[0080] The telescopic transmission mechanism 1-1 includes a telescopic adjusting bolt 1-1-1 and a first baffle 1-1-2. The telescopic adjusting bolt 1-1-1 is disposed on the first baffle 1-1-2. A motor is disposed on the inner side of the upper end of the first baffle 1-1-2 to cooperate with the telescopic adjusting bolt 1-1-1. An external thread is disposed at the front end of the telescopic adjusting bolt 1-1-1 to cooperate with the screw hole disposed on the explosive loading part 1-3. In use, the motor drives the telescopic adjusting bolt 1-1-1 to rotate, thereby adjusting the position of the explosive loading part 1-3 to facilitate filling and fixing of explosives.

[0081] The mortise and tenon fixing mechanism 1-2 is set on the positioning post 1-4 and is used in conjunction with the charge 1-3 to position and fix the charge 1-3;

[0082] The drug loading component 1-3 is disposed through the positioning post 1-4, and several drug loading assemblies are arranged symmetrically in a ring at the end of the drug loading component 1-3.

[0083] Preferably, the mortise and tenon fixing mechanism 1-2 includes a vertical fixing component 1-2-1 and a horizontal fixing component 1-2-2. The vertical fixing component 1-2-1 and the horizontal fixing component 1-2-2 are perpendicular to each other, forming a cross-shaped mortise and tenon fixing structure to position the drug loading component 1-3. Both the vertical fixing component 1-2-1 and the horizontal fixing component 1-2-2 include a positioning column 1-2-1-1, a synchronous motor 1-2-1-2, a positioning gear 1-2-1-3, and a support plate 1-2-1-4.

[0084] The support plates 1-2-1-4 are symmetrically installed on the outside of the positioning posts 1-4, and arc-shaped grooves are provided at the ends of the support plates 1-2-1-4 to cooperate with the synchronous motor 1-2-1-2.

[0085] The synchronous motor 1-2-1-2 is fixedly installed in the arc-shaped slot, and a driving shaft 1-2-1-6 is arranged between the two symmetrically arranged synchronous motors 1-2-1-2, the positioning gear 1-2-1-3 is installed on the driving shaft 1-2-1-6 and is used in cooperation with the positioning key arranged on the driving shaft 1-2-1-6 to realize the fixed connection of the driving shaft 1-2-1-6 and the positioning gear 1-2-1-3, and in use, the positioning gear 1-2-1-3 is driven to rotate by the synchronous motor 1-2-1-2;

[0086] The positioning square column 1-2-1-1 is movably arranged on the positioning column 1-4 and is used in cooperation with the positioning gear 1-2-1-3, and in use, under the driving action of the synchronous motor 1-2-1-2, the positioning square column 1-2-1-1 is driven to move along the length direction of the positioning square column insertion hole 1-3-6 arranged on the charging member 1-3 to realize the positioning of the charging member 1-3 and ensure the horizontal and vertical position fixation of the charging member 1-3 to ensure that the impact load is completely converted into torque.

[0087] Preferably, in order to drive the positioning square column 1-2-1-1 to move by rotating the synchronous motor 1-2-1-2, the meshing tooth grooves 1-2-1-5 are symmetrically arranged on the positioning square column 1-2-1-1, the meshing tooth grooves 1-2-1-5 are mutually engaged with the positioning gear 1-2-1-3, in use, the positioning square column 1-2-1-1 is driven to make expansion and contraction movement along the positioning square column insertion hole 1-3-6 by the synchronous motor 1-2-1-2; and in order to automatically control the progress of the synchronous motor 1-2-1-2, the pressure sensing sheet is arranged at the end of the meshing tooth groove 1-2-1-5 engraved on the side wall of the positioning square column 1-2-1-1 to control the rotation of the synchronous motor 1-2-1-2 through the pressure sensing sheet.

[0088] Preferably, in order to charge, the charging assembly is designed to be installed on the mounting plate 1-3-5 at the end of the charging member 1-3, and the charging assembly comprises a charging bin 1-3-1, an impact bullet 1-3-2 and a spark igniter 1-3-7, wherein

[0089] The charging bin 1-3-1 is a hollow sleeve fixedly installed on the mounting plate 1-3-5, and the air vent 1-3-3 is arranged on the charging bin 1-3-1;

[0090] The impact bullet 1-3-2 is installed in the internal cavity of the charging bin 1-3-1 and is used in cooperation with the electromagnet 1-3-4 arranged in the bottom 1-3-9 of the charging bin at the end of the charging bin 1-3-1, and in use, the position of the impact bullet 1-3-2 in the internal cavity of the charging bin 1-3-1 is positioned by the electromagnet 1-3-4;

[0091] The spark initiator 1-3-7 is arranged outside the end of the bottom of the charge chamber 1-3-9 and cooperates with the impact bullet 1-3-2 to form a closed charge section in the charge chamber 1-3-1 for equal filling of the cylindrical explosive 1-3-8.

[0092] Preferably, the cylindrical explosive 1-3-8 is quantitatively prepared before the experiment, and the spherical recess at the bottom of the cylindrical explosive 1-3-8 is matched with the spark initiator 1-3-7.

[0093] Preferably, the vent hole 1-3-3 is arranged on the sidewall of the charge chamber 1-3-1 at a position behind the charge section of the charge chamber 1-3-1 and communicates with the internal cavity of the charge chamber 1-3-1 for discharging the gas generated after explosion.

[0094] Preferably, the impact bullet 1-3-2 is designed as a trapezoidal column structure to form a closed charge section in the charge chamber 1-3-1, and the smaller radius side of the impact bullet 1-3-2 is matched with the electromagnet 1-3-4, and the larger radius side is outwardly matched with the spark initiator 1-3-7 to form a closed space, and the impact bullet 1-3-2 is made of permanent magnetic material.

[0095] Preferably, the spark initiators 1-3-7 are designed in parallel to achieve simultaneous ignition and initiation of the explosive.

[0096] The use process and principle of the explosive power source Hopkinson torsion apparatus in the embodiment include:

[0097] Firstly, in use, the motor drives the telescopic adjusting bolt 1-1-1 to rotate, and the charging member 1-3 is withdrawn to the left side, after the charging member 1-3 is withdrawn to the left side, the electromagnet 1-3-4 at the bottom of the charge chamber 1-3-1 is adjusted to the reverse magnetic force, the impact bullet 1-3-2 slides out due to the repulsive force, the equal block explosive is respectively placed into the charge chamber 1-3-1, the magnetic force of the electromagnet 1-3-4 at the bottom of the charge chamber is changed to the forward magnetic force, and the impact bullet 1-3-2 is placed into the charge chamber due to the magnetic attraction force, the explosive is clamped in the charge chamber, and the charging work is completed.

[0098] Then the motor is driven to work, the telescopic adjusting bolt 1-1-1 is rotated, and the charging member 1-3 is pushed to the right side, and when the charging member 1-3 is just fitted with the groove of the explosive pulse force generating device, the rotation is stopped; the synchronous motor 1-2-1-2 is started to move, the positioning square column 1-2-1-1 is driven to position the charging member 1-3, the positioning square column 1-2-1-1 is locked inwardly to reach the predetermined position, the synchronous motor 1-2-1-2 is stopped to achieve the purpose of locking the charging member 1-3.

[0099] The embodiment 2 is different from the embodiment 1, in order to convert the explosion force of the explosive into the torque of the incident rod 5 in cooperation with the explosive filling and its auxiliary fixing device 1, the explosion generating pulse force transmission device 2 is designed to include the pulse force transmission disc 2-1 and the force transmission rod 2-2, wherein

[0100] The pulse force transmission disc 2-1 is integrally formed at one end of the force transmission rod 2-2, and a plurality of high-strength steel second baffles 2-1-1 are symmetrically arranged in a ring shape on the pulse force transmission disc 2-1, which are clamped with the mounting plate 1-3-5 and cooperated with the impact bullet 1-3-2 during installation.

[0101] The force transmission rod 2-2 is arranged at the tail end of the pulse force transmission disc 2-1 and cooperated with the incident rod 5.

[0102] Preferably, in order to ensure the safety of the experimental explosion process, the explosion generating pulse force transmission device 2 further includes a protective sleeve 2-3, which is cooperated with the pulse force transmission disc 2-1 and the explosive filling and its auxiliary fixing device 1, that is, the explosive filling and its auxiliary fixing device 1 is connected with the explosion generating pulse force transmission device 2 by using the protective sleeve 2-3 during use.

[0103] The use process and principle of the explosion power source Hopkinson torsion apparatus in the embodiment include:

[0104] During use, when the parallel spark igniter 1-3-7 is powered on, the power supply of the electromagnet 1-3-4 is cut off at the same time, and the impact bullet 1-3-2 is in a free state at this moment; the impact bullet 1-3-2 impacts the second baffle 2-1-1 under the action of the explosion pulse, and the ring-shaped explosion pulse is converted into torque, which is transmitted to the test piece by the incident rod 5 to twist and break the test piece.

[0105] The embodiment 3 is different from the above-mentioned embodiments, in order to realize the centering of the incident rod, the leveling of the device and the reduction of the friction force in the process of transmitting the torque pulse, the integrated torsion rod supporting device 3 is further arranged at the lower side of the incident rod 5 and the transmission rod 6, the torsion rod supporting device 3 includes the centering damping mechanism 3-1, the lifting type threaded jack 3-2, the middle bearing platform 3-3 and the lower base 3-4, wherein,

[0106] The centering damping mechanism 3-1 is arranged at the top end of the lifting type threaded jack 3-2 and cooperated with the incident rod 5 and the transmission rod 6 to fix the incident rod 5 and the transmission rod 6;

[0107] The lifting screw jack 3-2 is arranged at the lower side of the centering damping mechanism 3-1, and is used for adjusting the height of the centering damping mechanism 3-1, and a lower base 3-4 is arranged at the upper end of the lifting screw jack 3-2, and the lower base 3-4 is used in cooperation with the centering damping mechanism 3-1 to fix the centering damping mechanism 3-1.

[0108] The middle bearing platform 3-3 is arranged at the lower end of the lifting screw jack 3-2, and is used for supporting the lifting screw jack 3-2.

[0109] Preferably, in order to play a damping role, the centering damping mechanism 3-1 is designed to include an inner ring 3-1-2 and an outer ring 3-1-4, wherein the inner ring 3-1-2 is arranged inside the outer ring 3-1-4, the incident rod 5 and the transmission rod 6 are arranged in the middle of the inner ring 3-1-2, and the incident rod 5 and the transmission rod 6 play a limiting and supporting role, the outer ring 3-1-4 is in contact with the upper end lower base 3-4 for support, and a spring 3-1-1 is arranged between the inner ring 3-1-2 and the outer ring 3-1-4, the spring 3-1-1 is arranged in a ring shape, the spring 3-1-3 reduces the normal pressure in the process of rotating the torsion bar through flexible contraction, realizes the effect of reducing the friction force for torque reduction, and serves as a first-stage buffer device, and in order to reduce the friction force, a ball shaft sliding track 3-1-3 is further arranged inside the outer ring 3-1-4, a plurality of ball shafts 3-1-5 are arranged in the ball shaft sliding track 3-1-3 in a ring shape, and in the use process, when the spring 3-1-1 is contracted under pressure, the inner ring 3-1-2 acts on the ball shaft 3-1-5, converts the sliding friction into rolling friction of the ball shaft 3-1-5, realizes the effect of reducing the friction force for torque reduction, and serves as a second-stage buffer device.

[0110] Preferably, in order to facilitate the realization of the centering function through the emission and reception of laser by every adjacent two torsion bar supporting devices 3 in use, a plurality of lasers 3-1-2 are further arranged on the lower base 3-4, the lasers 3-1-2 are arranged on the outer side of the lower base 3-4, are used for realizing the emission and reception of laser by every adjacent two torsion bar supporting devices 3, and realize the centering function.

[0111] Preferably, the lifting screw jack 3-2 includes a jack upper bearing platform 3-2-1, a rotating connection end head 3-2-2, and a jack lower base 3-2-3, wherein

[0112] The jack upper bearing platform 3-2-1 is arranged at the upper end of the rotating connection end head 3-2-2, and is connected with the lower base 3-4;

[0113] The rotating connection end 3-2-2 is arranged between the upper bearing platform 3-2-1 and the lower base 3-2-3 of the jack, and in use, the upper bearing platform and the lower bearing platform are connected through the rotating connection end 3-2-2 to adjust the interaction between the upper bearing platform and the lower bearing platform, so as to realize the lifting function.

[0114] The part 3-2-3 is arranged on the middle bearing platform 3-3 and connected with the middle bearing platform 3-3.

[0115] The torsion bar supporting device 3 has the following advantages:

[0116] (1) A plurality of lasers 3-1-2 are arranged on the lower base 3-4 to realize the centering of the incident bar 5 and the transmission bar 6;

[0117] (2) The four lifting jacks of the lifting jacks 3-2 are used to control the four corners of the platform to adjust the level of the device;

[0118] (3) The springs 3-1-3 are arranged between the inner ring 3-1-2 and the outer ring 3-1-4 in a ring shape to reduce the friction by reducing the normal pressure during the rotation of the torsion bar.

[0119] Embodiment 4: Different from the above-mentioned embodiments, in order to realize the connection between the test piece and the incident bar 5 and the transmission bar 6 during use, the test piece connecting device 4 is designed to include a left connecting end 4-1, a left rotating nut 4-2, a test piece 4-3, a right connecting end 4-4, and a right rotating nut 4-5, wherein

[0120] The left connecting end 4-1 is arranged at the left end of the test piece 4-3 and rigidly connected with the incident bar 5, and the left connecting end 4-1 is connected with the test piece 4-3 through the left rotating nut 4-2, which is used to fix the left end of the test piece 4-3 and connect the left end of the test piece with the incident bar 5;

[0121] The right connecting end 4-4 is arranged at the right end of the test piece 4-3 and rigidly connected with the transmission bar 6, and the right connecting end 4-4 is connected with the test piece 4-3 through the right rotating nut 4-5, which is used to fix the right end of the test piece 4-3 and connect the right end of the test piece with the transmission bar 6.

[0122] Preferably, the left connecting end 4-1 is fixedly connected with the incident bar 5, the right connecting end 4-4 is fixedly connected with the transmission bar 6, and the left connecting end 4-1 and the right connecting end 4-4 each include a rigid base 4-1-1, a wall 4-1-2 arranged on the rigid base 4-1-1, and a pressing member 4-1-4, wherein

[0123] The rigid base 4-1-1 is a cylindrical rigid connecting column, the outer end of which is rigidly connected with the incident rod 5 or the transmission rod 6, and a plurality of expansion slots 4-1-1-3 are arranged on the rigid base 4-1-1;

[0124] The guard wall 4-1-2 is rotatably installed in the expansion slot 4-1-1-3 through a cylindrical filler support rod 4-1-3, and is used in cooperation with a roller sliding track 4-1-4-2 arranged on the bottom surface of a pressing member 4-1-4;

[0125] The pressing member 4-1-4 is installed in the rigid base 4-1-1, and a permanent magnet 4-1-4-1 is arranged on the pressing member 4-1-4 and used in cooperation with an electromagnet 4-1-1-1 arranged in the rigid base 4-1-1 to adjust the guard wall 4-1-2, so that the guard wall 4-1-2 clamps the test piece 4-3.

[0126] Preferably, the electromagnet 4-1-1-1 is fixedly arranged on the front end surface of the rigid base 4-1-1 and used in cooperation with the pressing member 4-1-4, and an adhesive section 4-1-1-2 is further arranged on the rigid base 4-1-1, the adhesive section 4-1-1-2 being arranged on the front end surface of the rigid base 4-1-1 and having dense grooves arranged thereon, the grooves forming a square grid structure, so as to effectively lock liquid glue and enhance adhesive force, thereby facilitating fixation of the end of the test piece 4-3.

[0127] Preferably, the cylindrical filler support rod 4-1-3 is a circular support rod, a second trunnion 4-1-3-1 is arranged on one end of the cylindrical filler support rod 4-1-3 and rotatably connected with the support rod of the guard wall 4-1-2, and a roller 4-1-3-2 is arranged on the other end of the cylindrical filler support rod 4-1-3, the roller 4-1-3-2 being clamped in the roller sliding track 4-1-4-2 and sliding along the roller sliding track 4-1-4-2.

[0128] Preferably, the wall 4-1-2 includes an arc-shaped wall plate 4-1-2-2 and a wall support 4-1-2-3, wherein the wall support 4-1-2-3 is arranged at the lower end of the arc-shaped wall plate 4-1-2-2, and a first trunnion 4-1-2-1 is arranged on the wall support 4-1-2-3, and the first trunnion 4-1-2-1 is connected with a rotating mounting seat arranged at the bottom of the telescopic slot 4-1-1-3; the arc-shaped wall plate 4-1-2-2 is provided with threads on both the inner side and the outer side, wherein the outer threads arranged on the outer side are matched with the inner threads of the left rotating nut 4-2 or the right rotating nut 4-5 to mechanically anchor and clamp the test piece 4-3, and the threads arranged on the inner side are used to increase the friction between the arc-shaped wall plate 4-1-2-2 and the test piece 4-3, so as to fix the test piece 4-3; that is, in use, the movement of the permanent magnet 4-1-4-1 is controlled by the electromagnet 4-1-1-1, so as to fix the test piece 4-3 by the wall 4-1-2.

[0129] Preferably, the test piece 4-3 is a cylinder with an inner diameter of 50 mm, an outer diameter of 75 mm and a height of 100 mm.

[0130] The test piece connecting device 4 has the following advantages:

[0131] (1) The ring-shaped iron sheet arm is clamped by thread action to realize mechanical anchoring;

[0132] (2) The internal 4-1-2 section utilizes a square grid to engrave a groove and is glued to enhance the connection effect.

[0133] In the embodiment 5, different from the above-mentioned embodiments, in order to realize the absorption of the residual energy wave in use, the wave unloading device 7 is designed at the end of the transmission rod 6, and includes a shell and an internal attenuation structure, wherein the internal attenuation structure includes a honeycomb structure frame 7-1, and a first layer of honeycomb pore filling layer 7-2, a second layer of honeycomb pore filling layer 7-3 and a third layer of honeycomb pore filling layer 7-4 arranged from inside to outside on the honeycomb structure frame 7-1.

[0134] The honeycomb structure frame 7-1 is a honeycomb structure taking polyurethane (PU) as the main material, which is used as the main frame of the wave absorbing device, and the energy wave propagates and is attenuated in the honeycomb structure.

[0135] The first layer of honeycomb pore filling layer 7-2 is filled with a conical wave-absorbing sponge, which is used to preliminarily absorb the energy wave.

[0136] The second layer of honeycomb pore filling layer 7-3 is filled with a metal micro-powder wave-absorbing material, which is used to further absorb the energy wave.

[0137] The third layer of honeycomb void filling layer 7-4 is filled with a third layer of honeycomb void filling layer by a ferrite wave-absorbing material, absorbs residual energy waves, and completes the wave unloading work.

[0138] The use method of the explosive power source Hopkinson torsion apparatus described in the embodiments 1-5 of the application comprises:

[0139] First step: place the experimental equipment on a flat site, use the laser 3-1-2 on the top spring sleeve of the torsion bar support device 3 to center, use the lifting jack at the middle part of the torsion bar support device to cooperate with the laser 3-1-2 to level, complete the installation and arrangement of the experimental equipment;

[0140] Second step: after smearing high-strength glue on the cross section of the test piece, clamp it into the test piece connecting device 4 along the end boss of the incident rod 5 and the transmission rod 6, rotate the left rotating nut 4-2 and the right rotating nut 4-5 at the two sides of the connecting device inward, tighten the connecting device to the tightest, and complete the connection work of the test piece 4-3;

[0141] Third step: start the motor at the fixed equipment of the explosive filling and its auxiliary fixing device 1, position the square column 1-2-1-1 to move outward, move to the predetermined position, and release the fixing effect; rotate the left bolt of the explosive filling and its auxiliary fixing device, drive the charging member 1-3 to move to the left, and complete the explosive filling preparation work (set the pressure sensing sheet at the predetermined position of the gear groove to control the start and stop of the motor, and strictly control the position of the moving square column);

[0142] Fourth step: reverse the magnetic force of the electromagnet 1-3-4 at the bottom of the charging bin, the impact bullet slides out due to the repulsive force, and the same amount of blocky explosive is put into the charging bin, the magnetic force of the electromagnet at the bottom of the charging bin is changed to positive, and the impact bullet is put in, and the explosive is clamped in the charging bin due to the magnetic attraction, and the filling work is completed;

[0143] Fifth step: rotate the left bolt of the explosive filling and its auxiliary fixing device, and when the explosive filling device is pushed to the right and exactly fits the groove of the explosion pulse force transmission device, stop rotating, start the motor at the fixed equipment of the explosive filling and its auxiliary fixing device 1, lock the square column inward to the predetermined position, and stop the engine to achieve the locking purpose;

[0144] Sixth step: cut off the power supply of the electromagnet at the bottom of the charging bin, turn on the four parallel electric spark power supplies at the bottom, and simultaneously initiate, so as to generate an explosion pulse torque on the force transmission device, and complete the experiment;

[0145] Seventh step: record the experimental data, clean the test piece residues and the gunpowder residues in the charging bin, and analyze the mechanical properties of the rock test piece.

[0146] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and the above-mentioned embodiments and descriptions in the specification are only to illustrate the principles of the present application. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, various changes and improvements can be made to the present application, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the claimed present application. The scope of protection of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An explosively powered split Hopkinson torsional bar apparatus, characterised in that: The application relates to an explosive filling and an auxiliary fixing device thereof, an explosion generating pulse force transmission device for converting an impact load into a torque, which is matched with the explosive filling and the auxiliary fixing device thereof, and a wave absorbing device arranged at the tail end of a transmission rod. The explosive filling and the auxiliary fixing device thereof comprise a telescopic transmission mechanism, a mortise and tenon fixing mechanism, a charging member and a positioning column. The telescopic transmission mechanism comprises telescopic adjusting bolts and a first baffle plate, the telescopic adjusting bolts are arranged on the first baffle plate, a motor is arranged on the first baffle plate and matched with the telescopic adjusting bolts, and external threads are arranged on the telescopic adjusting bolts and matched with the charging member. The mortise and tenon fixing mechanism is arranged on the positioning column and matched with the charging member. The charging member penetrates through the positioning column, and a plurality of charging assemblies are symmetrically arranged in a ring shape at the end of the charging member. The mortise and tenon fixing mechanism comprises vertical fixing assemblies and horizontal fixing assemblies which are perpendicular to each other, and the vertical fixing assemblies and the horizontal fixing assemblies each comprise a positioning square column, a synchronous motor, a positioning gear and a support plate. The support plates are symmetrically arranged outside the positioning column, and arc-shaped grooves are arranged on the support plates and matched with the synchronous motors. Driving shafts are arranged between the two synchronous motors which are symmetrically arranged, the positioning gears are arranged on the driving shafts and matched with positioning keys arranged on the driving shafts. The positioning square columns are arranged on the positioning column and matched with the positioning gears and positioning square column insertion holes arranged on the charging member. The charging assemblies are arranged on the mounting plates at the end of the charging member and comprise charging bins, impact bullets and spark igniters. The charging bin is a hollow sleeve, and a vent hole is arranged on the charging bin. The impact bullet is arranged in the internal cavity of the charging bin and matched with an electromagnet arranged in the bottom of the charging bin at the end of the charging bin. The spark igniter is arranged outside the end of the bottom of the charging bin and matched with the impact bullet, a sealed charging section is formed in the charging bin, and the vent hole is arranged on the side wall of the charging bin at the position of the charging section and communicated with the internal cavity of the charging bin.

2. The explosive power source split Hopkinson torsional bar apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The explosion generating pulse force transmission device comprises a pulse force transmission disc and a force transmission rod. The pulse force transmission disc is integrally formed at the end of the force transmission rod, a plurality of high-strength steel second baffle plates are symmetrically arranged in a ring shape on the pulse force transmission disc, and the second baffle plates are matched with the mounting plates and the impact bullets. The force transmission rod is arranged at the tail end of the pulse force transmission disc and matched with the incident rod.

3. The explosive power source split Hopkinson torsional bar apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The torsion bar support device comprises a centering and damping mechanism, a lifting type screw jack, a middle deck and a lower base. The centering and damping mechanism is arranged at the top end of the lifting type screw jack and matched with the incident rod and the transmission rod. The lifting screw jack is arranged at the lower side of the centering damping mechanism, and a lower base is arranged at the upper end of the lifting screw jack, which is used in cooperation with the centering damping mechanism. The middle bearing platform is arranged at the lower end of the lifting screw jack.

4. The explosive power source split Hopkinson torsional bar apparatus of claim 3, wherein: The centering damping mechanism comprises an inner ring and an outer ring, The inner ring is arranged inside the outer ring and is used in cooperation with the incident rod and the transmission rod, and a spring is arranged between the inner ring and the outer ring in a ring shape. The inner side of the outer ring is provided with a ball shaft sliding track, and the ball shaft is arranged in the ball shaft sliding track in a ring shape and is used in cooperation with the inner ring. The lower base is further provided with a plurality of lasers.

5. The explosively powered split Hopkinson torsional bar apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The test piece connecting device comprises a left connecting end, a left rotating nut, a right connecting end and a right rotating nut, The left connecting end is arranged at the left end of the test piece, is rigidly connected with the incident rod, and is connected with the test piece through the left rotating nut. The right connecting end is arranged at the right end of the test piece, is rigidly connected with the transmission rod, and is connected with the test piece through the right rotating nut.

6. An explosively powered split Hopkinson torsional bar apparatus according to claim 5, wherein: The left connecting end and the right connecting end each comprise a rigid base, a guard wall arranged on the rigid base and a pressing piece, The rigid base is a cylindrical rigid connecting column, the end of the rigid base is rigidly connected with the incident rod or the transmission rod, and a plurality of expansion grooves are arranged on the rigid base. The guard wall is arranged in the expansion groove through a cylindrical filler support rod and is used in cooperation with a roller sliding track arranged on the bottom surface of the pressing piece. The pressing piece is arranged in the rigid base, and a permanent magnet arranged on the pressing piece is used in cooperation with an electromagnet arranged in the rigid base.

7. An explosively powered split Hopkinson torsional bar apparatus according to claim 6, wherein: A glue cutting surface is further arranged on the rigid base, the glue cutting surface is arranged on the front end surface of the rigid base, and a notch is arranged on the glue cutting surface and is used in cooperation with the test piece. One end of the cylindrical filler support rod is provided with a second trunnion connected with the guard wall, and the other end of the cylindrical filler support rod is provided with a roller, which is used in cooperation with the roller sliding track. The guard wall comprises an integrally formed arc-shaped guard wall plate and a guard wall support rod, the guard wall support rod is arranged at the lower end of the arc-shaped guard wall plate, a first trunnion is arranged on the guard wall support rod and is connected with a rotating mounting seat arranged at the bottom of the expansion groove, and threads are arranged on the inner and outer sides of the guard wall plate.

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