Vehicles with positive potential and friction neutralization-static elimination type lubrication mechanism

Abstract

In a vehicle having a microscopic dynamic friction mechanism formed of at least two parts and having a positive potential due to running, a lubricant is provided in a gap between the components of the friction mechanism, in which first additive fine particles made of a resin generating a negative potential are uniformly mixed with an electrically insulating base oil. When the first additive fine particles are in frictional contact with the components, neutralization and elimination of the positive potential of the components begin. The first additive fine particles are attracted to the positive potential of the surface of the components other than the frictional contact portion of the components by Coulomb force when floating in the electrically insulating base oil and moving and circulating. Neutralization and elimination of the positive potential of the components are continuous.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a vehicle having a positive potential and a friction neutralization-static elimination type lubrication mechanism. Background Art

[0002] Japanese Patent No. 5321587 describes a conductive grease which is provided by mixing 5wt% to 20wt% of carbon black having a DBP oil absorption value of 250ml / 100g or less as a conductive substance and 2wt% to 9wt% of fluorine-containing resin particles having an average primary particle diameter of 1.0μm or less as a thickener into a conductive grease formed by fluorine oil, a conductive substance and a thickener.

[0003] Japanese Patent Nos. 6281501, 6380211, 6124020, 6248962, 6304147, 6183383, 6160603 and 6365316 all describe that in a bearing mechanism of a vehicle with a positive potential, an air ionization self-discharge type static eliminator is arranged on the outer surface of a specific component to perform corona discharge on the charge in the air, thereby attracting the surrounding air negative ions and thus neutralizing and eliminating the charge in the components around the self-discharge type static eliminator. Summary of the invention

[0004] When the conductive grease described in Japanese Patent No. 5321587 is used for a friction mechanism of a vehicle with a positive potential, the potential that can be eliminated is limited to the positive potential of the vehicle body.

[0005] In all the air ionization self-discharge type static eliminators described in Japanese Patent Nos. 6281501, 6380211, 6124020, 6248962, 6304147, 6183383, 6160603 and 6365316, the higher the potential charged, the better the static elimination effect. However, the potential that can be eliminated is limited to the potential of the corona discharge limit.

[0006] The present invention provides a friction neutralization-static elimination type lubrication mechanism for a vehicle with a positive potential.

[0007] In a vehicle having a microscopic dynamic friction mechanism formed by at least two parts and having a positive potential due to driving, at least one of the components of the friction mechanism is made of a metal material. Through the microscopic dynamic friction force with the components of the friction mechanism, a lubricant is set in the gaps between the components of the friction mechanism, in which additive fine particles (for example, PTFE fine particles) made of a resin that generates a negative potential in the friction charging sequence table according to the friction force are uniformly mixed with an electrically insulating base oil. Therefore, when the additive fine particles made of the resin are in frictional contact with the components of the friction mechanism, the positive potential of the components of the friction mechanism begins to be neutralized and eliminated. The additive fine particles made of the resin that have a negative potential after frictional contact are attracted by the Coulomb force to the positive potential of the surface of the components of the friction mechanism other than the friction contact portion of the components of the friction mechanism when floating in the electrically insulating base oil and moving and circulating. Therefore, by the vehicle structure in which the positive potential of the components of the friction mechanism is continuously neutralized and eliminated, the positive potential of the vehicle is significantly reduced.

[0008] That is, the present invention includes the following aspects and embodiments.

[0009] One aspect of the present invention relates to a vehicle having a microscopic dynamic friction mechanism formed by at least two parts and having a positive potential due to driving. At least one of the components of the friction mechanism is made of a metal material. Through the microscopic dynamic friction force with the components of the friction mechanism, a lubricant is set in the gap between the components of the friction mechanism, in which first additive fine particles made of a resin that generates a negative potential compared with the metal material of at least one of the components of the friction mechanism in the friction charging sequence table according to the friction force are uniformly mixed with an electrically insulating base oil. When the first additive fine particles are in friction contact with the components of the friction mechanism, the positive potential of the components of the friction mechanism begins to be neutralized and eliminated. The first additive fine particles with a negative potential after friction contact are attracted by Coulomb force to the positive potential of the surface of the components of the friction mechanism other than the friction contact portion of the components of the friction mechanism when floating in the electrically insulating base oil and moving and circulating. Due to the above reasons, the positive potential of the components of the friction mechanism is continuously neutralized and eliminated.

[0010] In this aspect, the first additive fine particles may have a primary particle diameter in the range of 0.05 μm to 1 μm.

[0011] In this aspect, the first additive fine particles may have a primary particle diameter in the range of 0.1 μm to 0.5 μm.

[0012] In this aspect, the first additive fine particles may be uniformly mixed in a range of 0.1% by mass to 15% by mass relative to the total mass of the lubricant.

[0013] In this aspect, the first additive fine particles may be uniformly mixed in a range of 5% by mass to 10% by mass relative to the total mass of the lubricant.

[0014] In this aspect, the first additive fine particles may be selected from the group consisting of polytetrafluoroethylene, vinyl chloride, acrylic, polyester, polyphthalamide, polyacetal, polybutylene terephthalate, polyphenylene sulfide, polyetheretherketone, polyimide, polyamideimide, and rubber.

[0015] In this aspect, the first additive fine particles may be polytetrafluoroethylene particles.

[0016] In this aspect, the second additive fine particles having conductive properties can be uniformly mixed with the electrical insulating base oil. When the second additive fine particles and the first additive fine particles with negative potential float in the electrical insulating base oil and move and circulate, the negative potential carried can be transferred from the first additive fine particles to the second additive fine particles. The second additive fine particles with negative potential can be attracted to the positive potential of the surface of the member of the friction mechanism by Coulomb force, and the positive potential of the member of the friction mechanism can be neutralized, eliminated and reduced.

[0017] In this aspect, the second additive fine particles may have a primary particle diameter in the range of 1 nm to 100 nm.

[0018] In this aspect, the second additive fine particles may have a primary particle diameter in the range of 5 nm to 50 nm.

[0019] In this aspect, the second additive fine particles may be uniformly mixed in a range of 0.1 mass % to 15 mass % with respect to the total mass of the lubricant.

[0020] In this aspect, the second additive fine particles may be uniformly mixed in a range of 5% by mass to 10% by mass relative to the total mass of the lubricant.

[0021] In this aspect, the second additive fine particles may be selected from the group consisting of carbon black, carbon nanotubes, carbon nanohorns, carbon nanofibers, graphene, and graphite.

[0022] In this aspect, the second additive fine particles may be carbon black particles.

[0023] In this aspect, the first additive fine particles and the second additive fine particles may be uniformly mixed so as to have the same mass ratio of 5% by mass to 10% by mass, respectively, relative to the total mass of the lubricant.

[0024] In this aspect, a thickener may be mixed with the electrical insulating base oil and the solid content of the thickener may be adjusted so that the total solid content is 15% to 20% by mass to prepare a grease lubricant having an adjusted viscosity index, and the thickener may be selected from the group consisting of a soap-based material and a non-soap-based material.

[0025] In this aspect, the electrically insulating base oil may be selected from the group consisting of paraffinic mineral oils and naphthenic mineral oils.

[0026] In this aspect, the electrically insulating base oil may be a paraffinic mineral oil.

[0027] In this aspect, the electrical insulating base oil can be selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbon-based synthetic oils (for example, poly α-olefin oils containing 1-decene as a starting material and copolymerized oligomer oils of α-olefins and ethylene), phenyl ether-based synthetic oils, ester-based synthetic oils, polyethylene glycol-based synthetic oils, silicone oils, and hydrocarbon-based synthetic oils consisting only of carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms.

[0028] In this aspect, another one of the components of the friction mechanism can be made of a material that generates a positive potential in the friction charging sequence, and the negative potential generated on the first additive fine particles can be increased to enhance the effect of neutralizing, eliminating and reducing the positive potential of the components of the friction mechanism.

[0029] In this aspect, another one of the members of the friction mechanism may be made of a material selected from the group consisting of rayon, nylon, polyphthalamide, polyacetal, polybutylene terephthalate, polyphenylene sulfide, polyetheretherketone, polyimide, and polyamideimide.

[0030] In this aspect, the micro-dynamic friction mechanism may be a bearing that rolls and rubs against the rolling wheel.

[0031] In this aspect, the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism may be a bearing whose components slide and rub against each other.

[0032] In this aspect, the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism may be a gear whose components rotate and rub against each other.

[0033] In this aspect, the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism may be a worm gear whose components rotate and rub against each other.

[0034] In this aspect, the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism may be a belt whose components rotate and rub against each other.

[0035] In this aspect, the micro-dynamic friction mechanism may include a piston and a cylinder that slide and rub against each other.

[0036] In this aspect, the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism may be a slide rail whose components slide and rub against each other.

[0037] In this aspect, the micro-dynamic friction mechanism may include a sleeve and splines that slide and rub against each other.

[0038] In this aspect, an air ionization self-discharge type static eliminator can be arranged on the outer surface of the friction mechanism and located near the component where the lubricant is set. The air ionization self-discharge type static eliminator ionizes the surrounding air by utilizing the positive potential of the friction mechanism and neutralizes and eliminates the positive potential of the friction mechanism, and the potential of the component where the lubricant is set in the friction mechanism can be lowered, so that static elimination until a negative potential is feasible through the synergistic effect of neutralization and static elimination of the lubricant.

[0039] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a friction neutralization-static elimination type lubrication mechanism capable of significantly reducing the positive potential of a vehicle during running. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Features, advantages, and technical and industrial significance of exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which like numerals represent like elements, and in which:

[0041] Figure 1 is a conceptual diagram depicting neutralization and static elimination between first additive fine particles contained in a lubricant and a microscopic dynamic friction mechanism formed of at least two components in a vehicle of one aspect of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 is a conceptual diagram depicting the neutralization and static elimination effects in a vehicle according to one aspect of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 is a conceptual diagram depicting the form of neutralization and static elimination between first additive fine particles contained in a lubricant and a microscopic dynamic friction mechanism formed of at least two components in a vehicle of one aspect of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 4 is a conceptual diagram depicting another form of neutralization and static elimination between first additive fine particles contained in a lubricant and a microscopic dynamic friction mechanism formed of at least two components in a vehicle of one aspect of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a vehicle illustrating one aspect of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 6 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view schematically showing a hub bearing for an axle rolling bearing in one embodiment of a vehicle according to one aspect of the present invention, wherein the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism is a hub bearing for an axle rolling bearing;

[0047] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a vehicle illustrating one aspect of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 8 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view schematically showing a cross joint of a steering shaft in one embodiment of a vehicle according to one aspect of the present invention, wherein the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism is a cross joint of the steering shaft;

[0049] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram showing yet another embodiment of a vehicle of one aspect of the present invention;

[0050] Fig.10 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view schematically showing a brake pedal in one embodiment of a vehicle according to one aspect of the present invention, wherein the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism is a brake pedal;

[0051] Fig.11 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view schematically showing an electric power steering mechanism in one embodiment of a vehicle according to one aspect of the present invention, wherein the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism is an electric power steering mechanism;

[0052] Fig.12 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view schematically showing a sleeve and a spline of a steering shaft in one embodiment of a vehicle according to one aspect of the present invention, wherein the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism includes the sleeve and the spline of the steering shaft;

[0053] Fig.13 is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view schematically showing a master or release cylinder and a master or release piston of a brake in yet another embodiment of a vehicle of one aspect of the present invention;

[0054] Fig.14 is a schematic diagram showing still another embodiment of a vehicle according to an aspect of the present invention, wherein the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism is a differential gear.

[0055] Fig.15 is a schematic diagram showing yet another embodiment of a vehicle of one aspect of the present invention;

[0056] Fig.16 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view schematically showing a transmission housing a CVT metal belt in one embodiment of a vehicle according to one aspect of the present invention, wherein the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism is a CVT metal belt;

[0057] Fig.17 is a schematic diagram showing yet another embodiment of a vehicle of one aspect of the present invention, wherein the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism is a sunroof rail;

[0058] Fig.18 is a schematic diagram illustrating yet another embodiment of a vehicle of one aspect of the present invention, wherein the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism is a seat slide;

[0059] Fig.19 is a conceptual diagram for comparing static elimination effects between an example in which a lubricant containing only first additive fine particles is applied and an example in which a lubricant containing first additive fine particles and second additive fine particles is applied in a vehicle of one aspect of the present invention;

[0060] Fig. 20 is a conceptual diagram for comparing the static elimination effect between a reference example in which only an air ionization self-discharge type static eliminator is provided in a vehicle of one aspect of the present invention, an embodiment in which a lubricant containing only first additive fine particles is applied, and an embodiment using a lubricant containing first additive fine particles and second additive fine particles;

[0061] Fig.21 is a graph showing steering angle over time during a lane change in a handling stability measurement test;

[0062] Fig. 22 is a graph showing vehicle yaw acceleration values ​​at a steering angle of 60° / sec in the test vehicles of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1;

[0063] Fig.23A is a graph showing the change in potential of the fender lining over time during the running of the test vehicle of Comparative Example 1. The horizontal axis represents the elapsed time (seconds), and the vertical axis represents the potential (kV);

[0064] Fig. 23B is a graph showing the change in potential of the fender lining during the running of the test vehicle of Comparative Example 2. The horizontal axis represents the elapsed time (seconds), and the vertical axis represents the potential (kV);

[0065] Fig.24 is a graph showing voltage drop time (reciprocal of discharge rate) as an index of discharge rate obtained by a static elimination grease discharge characteristic evaluation device provided in a gap between members of a friction mechanism in the lubricants of Example 1, Example 3 and Comparative Example 1; and

[0066] Fig.25 : is a table showing the triboelectric charging sequence of the first additive fine particles made of a resin that generates a negative potential compared with the metal material according to the frictional force in each example and a resin that generates a positive potential compared with the metal material according to the frictional force in each example. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0067] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.

[0068] vehicle

[0069] In a vehicle having a microscopic dynamic friction mechanism formed by at least two parts and having a positive potential due to driving, at least one of the components of the friction mechanism is made of a metal material. Through the microscopic dynamic friction force with the components of the friction mechanism, a lubricant is set in the gap between the components of the friction mechanism, in which a first additive fine particle (for example, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) fine particle) made of a resin that generates a negative potential compared with the metal material of at least one of the components of the friction mechanism in the friction charging sequence table according to the friction force is uniformly mixed with an electrically insulating base oil. Therefore, when the first additive fine particle made of the resin is in friction contact with the components of the friction mechanism, the positive potential of the components of the friction mechanism begins to be neutralized and eliminated. In addition, even after the friction contact, the first additive fine particle made of the resin with a negative potential is attracted by the Coulomb force to the positive potential of the surface of the components of the friction mechanism other than the friction contact part when floating in the electrically insulating base oil and moving and circulating quickly and freely. Therefore, the positive potential of the vehicle is significantly reduced by the vehicle structure in which the positive potential of the components of the friction mechanism can be continuously neutralized and eliminated.

[0070] In another aspect of the present invention, fine particles of a second additive having conductive properties (e.g., fine particles of carbon black) are uniformly mixed with an electrically insulating base oil. When the first additive fine particles with a negative potential and the second additive fine particles with a conductive property float in the electrically insulating base oil and move and circulate rapidly and freely, the negative potential carried is transferred from the floating first additive fine particles to the floating second additive fine particles. The negatively charged second additive fine particles having conductive properties are also attracted to the positive potential of the surface of the component of the friction mechanism by the Coulomb force. By means of a vehicle construction in which the positive potential of the component of the friction mechanism can be quickly neutralized and eliminated, the positive potential of the vehicle is significantly reduced.

[0071] In still another aspect of the present invention, an air ionization self-discharge type static eliminator is provided on the outer surface of the friction mechanism and is located near the member where the lubricant is provided, and the air ionization self-discharge type static eliminator utilizes the positive potential of the friction mechanism to ionize the surrounding air and neutralize and eliminate the positive potential of the friction mechanism. By lowering the potential of the member where the lubricant is provided in the friction mechanism to obtain a synergistic effect with the neutralization of the lubricant and static elimination, it is possible to allow the vehicle to be subjected to static elimination up to a negative potential.

[0072] Figure 1 A schematic diagram depicting neutralization and static elimination between first additive fine particles contained in a lubricant and a microscopic dynamic friction mechanism formed of at least two components in a vehicle of the present invention is shown, Figure 2A schematic diagram depicting neutralization and static elimination in a vehicle of the present invention is shown. The reasons why the above-mentioned behaviors and effects can be obtained in various aspects of the present invention are as follows. Various aspects of the present invention are not limited to the following behaviors and principles. The body of a vehicle is usually positively charged due to friction between the tire and the road surface and / or disturbances caused by driving. Air is usually positively charged. Therefore, when the vehicle is driving, an electrostatic repulsion force is generated between the surface of the vehicle body and the air, and a repulsion force is generated in the direction away from the vehicle on the airflow near the surface of the vehicle body. In addition, the tires of the vehicle are usually positively charged due to contact with the road surface. In particular, due to the increasing demand for energy-saving tires, the silica content used in tires has increased. Tires with such a high silica content tend to be positively charged. Due to the above-mentioned charging, the vehicle cannot obtain the desired aerodynamic performance and / or driving performance, resulting in reduced handling stability, etc. In a microscopic dynamic friction mechanism (e.g., an axle rolling bearing) "formed by at least two components" in a vehicle whose body is positively charged due to driving, at least one of the components of the friction mechanism of the present invention is made of a metal material. Lubricant is provided in the gaps between the components of the friction mechanism by the microscopic dynamic friction force with the components of the friction mechanism, in which first additive fine particles (e.g., PTFE fine particles) made of a resin that generates a negative potential compared with the metal material of at least one of the components of the friction mechanism in the friction charging sequence table according to the friction force are uniformly mixed with an electrically insulating base oil. Therefore, when the first additive fine particles made of the resin come into frictional contact with the components of the friction mechanism, the positive potential of the components of the friction mechanism begins to be neutralized and eliminated. In addition, even the first additive fine particles made of the resin that have a negative potential after the frictional contact are attracted by the Coulomb force to the positive potential of the surface of the components of the friction mechanism other than the frictional contact portion when floating in the electrically insulating base oil and moving and circulating rapidly and freely. Figure 3 and 4 ). Therefore, by applying a vehicle structure in which the positive potential of the components of the friction mechanism can be continuously neutralized and eliminated, for example, the positive charge on the vehicle body surface and / or tire via the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism (e.g., axle rolling bearing) is removed to approach the original performance of the vehicle, thereby improving the handling stability, etc.

[0073] In each aspect of the present invention, the handling stability of the vehicle refers to the stability of the kinematic performance mainly related to handling among the basic kinematic performances of the vehicle (such as "moving, turning and stopping"). The handling stability of the vehicle can be defined based on, for example, the followability and responsiveness of the vehicle when the vehicle driver actively performs the handling operation, the route keeping of the vehicle when the vehicle driver does not actively perform the handling operation, the convergence relative to external factors such as the road surface shape or the crosswind, etc. In each aspect of the present invention, the improvement is not limited to the improvement of the vehicle handling stability, but for example, the second additive fine particles (for example, carbon black fine particles) having conductive properties are uniformly mixed with the electrical insulating base oil of one aspect of the present invention. When the second additive fine particles and the first additive fine particles generating a negative potential float in the electrical insulating base oil and move and circulate quickly and freely, the negative potential carried is transferred from the floating first additive fine particles to the floating second additive fine particles. A test vehicle can be prepared in which the negatively charged second additive fine particles are also attracted to the positive potential of the surface of the member of the friction mechanism, and the positive potential of the member of the friction mechanism can be quickly neutralized, eliminated and reduced, and the potential of the body of the test vehicle can be quantitatively measured. In this method, for example, depending on the presence or absence of this embodiment, the test vehicle may be driven manually in a closed loop, and the surface potential of the same portion of the fender liner facing the tire tread surface may be measured in a non-contact manner and compared.

[0074] In each aspect of the present invention, a vehicle refers to a vehicle having four, two or other number of rubber tire wheels and provided with a prime mover such as an engine or a motor. In the following of this specification, the manually driven vehicle and the autonomous driving vehicle included in the above definition will be referred to simply as "vehicle".

[0075] In the vehicle to which the present aspect is applied, an air ionization self-discharge type static eliminator may be disposed in the vehicle body (e.g., attached to a bumper, wheel cover, or undercover). The air ionization self-discharge type static eliminator is not limited to, but is preferably, for example, an aluminum foil tape, a metal paint, or a carbon particle paint having discharge protrusions on its outer surface. By applying the air ionization self-discharge type static eliminator to the vehicle of the present aspect, the positive charge carried on the vehicle body surface and / or the tire may be mainly removed via the air ionization self-discharge type static eliminator. Therefore, through the friction neutralization-static elimination type lubrication mechanism of the present aspect, secondary static elimination up to a negative potential is feasible, and the handling stability of the vehicle may be further improved.

[0076] In the vehicle of the present aspect, the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism can be applied to various mechanisms to be installed on the vehicle, such as axle rolling bearings. In the vehicle of the present aspect, the axle rolling bearing is a rolling bearing that supports the axle in the vehicle, which refers to a metal component called a rolling bearing device used in the art for wheel supports, axle bearings, hub units, hub bearings, wheel hub bearings, wheel bearings, etc. The axle rolling bearing generally has a structure in which a hub wheel for mounting a wheel of an automobile, etc. is rotatably supported via a double-row rolling bearing. As a metal axle rolling bearing of an automobile, etc. to which a lubricant is to be applied, various bearings commonly used in the art, such as double-row angular ball bearings and double-row tapered roller bearings, can be used.

[0077] In the vehicle of the present invention, the micro-dynamic friction mechanism can be applied to various mechanisms to be installed on the vehicle, including axle rolling bearings. For example, the micro-dynamic friction mechanism is preferably a bearing that rolls and rubs against a rolling wheel. In addition, hub bearings for axle rolling bearings for improving the handling stability of the vehicle, continuously variable transmission (CVT) joints, and various electric motor bearings are more preferably used as micro-dynamic friction mechanisms. The vehicle of this embodiment can be applied to the vehicle disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 6281501, for example. For example, Figure 5 An embodiment of a vehicle of the present invention is shown, wherein the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism is a hub bearing for an axle rolling bearing, Figure 6 FIG. 2 shows a partially enlarged cross-sectional view schematically showing a hub bearing for an axle rolling bearing in this embodiment. Figure 5 As shown, the vehicle of this embodiment has wheels 1012, a body 1022, bearings 1016, a hub 1058, an axle 1082, a universal joint 1086, and an intermediate shaft 1088. The inner end of the axle 1082 is connected to the outer end of the intermediate shaft 1088 through the universal joint 1086. Figure 6As shown, the bearing 1016 has an inner race as a rotating race member, an outer race as a fixed race member, and balls 1056 as a plurality of rolling elements inserted between the inner race and the outer race. The wheel hub 1058 constitutes a rotating support member that supports the bearing 1016 in cooperation with the steering knuckle. The internal space of the bearing 1016 is filled with grease 1066 as a lubricant, so that the friction between the balls 1056 and the inner race and the outer race is reduced by the grease 1066. The resin sealing member is arranged at both ends of the bearing 1016 and is fixed to the outer race by, for example, press fitting. Therefore, the charge can be transferred between the outer race and the sealing member. The strip-shaped air ionization self-discharge static eliminator 1110A is preferably fixed to the cylindrical surface of the flange portion of the wheel hub 1058 in an adhesive manner so as to extend in the circumferential direction. The strip-shaped air ionization self-discharge type static eliminators 1110B and 1110C are preferably fixed by adhesion to the outer surface of the steering knuckle in the vehicle transverse direction and the inner surface of the brake back plate in the vehicle transverse direction so as to extend vertically in the radial direction. The strip-shaped air ionization self-discharge type static eliminator 1110D is preferably fixed by adhesion to the outer surface of the sealing member on the inner side in the vehicle transverse direction so as to extend in the circumferential direction.

[0078] In another embodiment of the vehicle of the present invention, the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism is preferably a bearing whose parts slide and rub against each other, and more preferably a brake pedal or a clutch pedal, a brake master or a clutch master, or a cross joint of a shock absorber, a cross joint of a propeller shaft, or a cross joint of a steering shaft. The vehicle of this embodiment can be applied to the vehicles disclosed in Japanese Patent Nos. 6124020, 6281501, 6304147, or 6380211, for example. For example, Figure 7 An embodiment of the vehicle of the present invention is shown, wherein the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism is a cross joint of the steering shaft, Figure 8 FIG. 2 shows a partial enlarged cross-sectional view schematically showing the cross joint of the steering shaft in this embodiment. Figure 7 As shown, the vehicle 2050 of this embodiment has left and right wheels, a suspension 2010, a shock absorber 2036, and a ball joint 2044. The suspension 2010 has a wheel support member (steering knuckle) and a plurality of connecting rods. The suspension 2010 and the wheel support member (steering knuckle) are connected via the ball joint 2044 and the connecting rod. Figure 8As shown, the ball joint 2044 includes a ball member 2044X and a socket 2044Y that pivotally supports the ball member 2044X, and the socket 2044Y is integrally formed with the outer end of the connecting rod. A resin sheet member 2044S is interposed between the ball portion of the ball member 2044X and the socket 2044Y, and a grease 2044G is used as a lubricant to lubricate the sliding portion between the ball portion and the seat member 2044S. The ball member 2044X has a rod portion 2044XS, and the rod portion 2044XS is mounted on a sleeve portion provided in the wheel support member. The air ionization self-discharge type static eliminator 2110D is preferably fixed to the cylindrical outer surface of the socket 2044Y of the ball joint 2044.

[0079] For example, Fig. 9 An embodiment of the vehicle of the present invention is shown, wherein the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism is a brake pedal or a clutch pedal, Fig.10 A partial enlarged cross-sectional view is shown, which schematically shows the brake pedal or clutch pedal in this embodiment. Fig. 9 As shown, the vehicle 3012 of this embodiment includes a steering wheel 3014, a displacement transmission system that transmits the rotational displacement of the steering wheel 3014 to the steering actuator, and a brake pedal (not shown). Fig.10 As shown, the brake pedal 3102 has a pedal 3104 and a bracket 3106. The bracket 3106 has a base portion 3106A fixed to the vehicle body and a pair of plate-like support portions 3106B formed integrally with the base portion 3106A and separated from each other in the lateral direction of the vehicle. The pedal 3104 and the bracket 3106 are made of conductive metal, but at least one of them may be made of resin. A boss portion 3104A is provided at the upper end portion of the pedal 3104, and a pivot 3108 extending in the lateral direction of the vehicle is inserted into the boss portion 3104A. The pivot 3108 is supported by the support portion 3106B at both ends thereof, and thus the pedal 3104 is pivotably supported around the axis 3110 of the pivot 3108. Grease 3112 as a lubricant is inserted between the boss portion 3104A and the pivot 3108 so that the pedal 3104 can smoothly pivot around the axis 3110. In the brake pedal 3102 , the air ionization self-discharging static eliminator 3128A is preferably adhesively fixed to an outer surface of the pedal 3104 and is located near the pivot 3108 .

[0080] In another embodiment of the vehicle of this aspect, the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism preferably includes a piston and a cylinder that slide and rub against each other, and more preferably includes a master or release cylinder and a master or release piston of a brake or clutch. The vehicle of this embodiment can be applied to the vehicle disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 6248962, for example. For example, Fig.13A partial enlarged cross-sectional view is shown schematically showing a master or release cylinder and a master or release piston of a brake in one embodiment of a vehicle of the present invention, wherein the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism includes a master or release cylinder and a master or release piston of the brake. Fig.13 As shown, the vehicle of this embodiment has a wheel 4012, a brake disc 4020, brake pads 4022 and 4024 as friction members, and a pressing device, wherein the brake disc is a rotating member that rotates around the rotation axis together with the wheel 4012, and the pressing device presses the brake pads 4022 and 4024 against the brake disc 4020. The sliding portion of the sliding pin 4040 and the sliding pin hole 4044, that is, the cylindrical surface of the sliding pin 4040 and the wall surface of the sliding pin hole 4044 are lubricated by grease 4050 as a lubricant. The strip-shaped self-discharging static eliminator 4070A is preferably fixed in an adhesive manner to the cylindrical outer surface of the step portion of the brake disc 4020 so as to extend in the circumferential direction. The strip-shaped air ionization self-discharging static eliminator 4070B is preferably fixed in an adhesive manner to the upper and lower surfaces of the back plate of the brake pad 4024 so as to extend generally in the circumferential direction. The strip-shaped air ionization self-discharge type static eliminator 4070C is preferably adhesively fixed to the outer surface of the part of the brake caliper support member that receives the sliding pin 4040. The strip-shaped air ionization self-discharge type static eliminator 4070D is preferably adhesively fixed to each flange portion of the brake caliper so as to extend generally in the radial direction. The strip-shaped air ionization self-discharge type static eliminator 4070E and 4070F are preferably adhesively fixed to the outer surface and inner surface of the brake caliper in the radial direction so as to extend perpendicularly to the radial direction and the axis, respectively. The strip-shaped air ionization self-discharge type static eliminator 4070G is preferably adhesively fixed to the outer end surface of the brake caliper in the vehicle transverse direction so as to extend perpendicularly to the radial direction and the axis.

[0081] In another embodiment of the vehicle of this aspect, the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism is preferably a gear whose components rotate and rub against each other, and more preferably a differential gear or a transmission gear. Fig.14 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of a vehicle of the present invention, wherein the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism is a differential gear. Fig.14 As shown, the vehicle of this embodiment has an axle 5018 and a differential gear unit 5053. The differential gear unit 5053 is lubricated by grease as a lubricant. An air ionization self-discharge type static eliminator 5100 is preferably fixed to the outer surface of the differential gear unit 5053.

[0082] In another embodiment of the vehicle of this aspect, the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism is preferably a worm gear whose parts rotate and rub against each other, and more preferably an electric power steering (PS) mechanism or a steering mechanism. The vehicle of this embodiment can be applied to the vehicle disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 6124020, for example. Fig. 9 An embodiment of the vehicle of the present invention is shown, wherein the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism is an electric power steering mechanism, Fig.11 FIG. 2 shows a partially enlarged cross-sectional view schematically showing the electric power steering mechanism in this embodiment. Fig. 9 As shown, the vehicle 3012 of this embodiment has a steering wheel 3014, a displacement transmission system that transmits the rotational displacement of the steering wheel 3014 to the steering actuator, and an electric power steering device (not shown). Fig.11 As shown, the electric power steering device 3082 has an electric motor 3088 that rotatably drives a worm gear 3084 around a rotation axis 3086. The rotation axis 3086 is separated from the rotation axis 3036 of the upper steering shaft 3020 and extends perpendicularly to the rotation axis 3036. The worm gear 3084 is meshed with a worm wheel 3090, which is integrally provided with the upper steering shaft 3020. The worm gear 3084 and the worm wheel 3090 are accommodated in a housing 3092. The housing 3092 is filled with grease 3094 as a lubricant to reduce friction between the worm gear 3084 and the worm wheel 3090. The air ionization self-discharge type static eliminator 3100 is preferably fixed to the outer surface of the housing 3092 of the electric power steering device 3082.

[0083] In yet another embodiment of the vehicle of this aspect, the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism is preferably a belt whose components rotate against each other and rub, more preferably a CVT metal belt. For example, Fig.15 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of a vehicle of the present invention is shown, wherein the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism is a CVT metal belt, Fig.16 FIG. 2 shows a partial enlarged cross-sectional view schematically showing the CVT in this embodiment. Fig.15 As shown, the vehicle 6010 of this embodiment has a transaxle 6014, an automatic transmission 6016, and a gearbox 6020 accommodating the automatic transmission 6016. The automatic transmission 6016 has a belt-type continuously variable transmission 6034, which has a primary pulley 6070 and a secondary pulley 6074 with a variable effective diameter, a CVT belt 6076 wound around the primary pulley 6070 and the secondary pulley 6074, and hydraulic actuators 6070a and 6074a. Grease is used as a lubricant to lubricate the CVT belt 6076. Fig.16 As shown, the air ionization self-discharge static eliminator 6100 is preferably fixed to the outer surface of the gearbox 6020.

[0084] In yet another embodiment of the vehicle of this embodiment, the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism is preferably a slide rail whose parts slide and rub against each other, more preferably a seat slide rail, a sunroof slide rail, or a brake pad retaining portion. For example, Fig.17 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of a vehicle of the present invention is shown, wherein the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism is a sunroof slide rail. Fig.17 As shown, the vehicle of this embodiment has a sliding panel 7003 and left and right roof side rails 7050. Grease is used as a lubricant to lubricate the roof side rails 7050. The air ionization self-discharge type static eliminator 7100 is preferably fixed to the outer surface of the sliding panel 7003.

[0085] For example, Fig.18 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of a vehicle of the present invention is shown, wherein the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism is a seat slide rail. Fig.18 As shown, the vehicle of this embodiment has a seat, a seat slide 8010, a lower rail 8011, and an upper rail 8012. Grease is used as a lubricant to lubricate the lower rail 8011 and the upper rail 8012. The air ionization self-discharge type static eliminator 8100 is preferably fixed to the outer surface of the lower rail 8011.

[0086] In another embodiment of the vehicle of this aspect, the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism preferably includes a sleeve and a spline that slide and rub against each other, and more preferably includes a ball screw and a ball spline, or a sleeve and a spline of a propeller shaft or a steering shaft. The vehicle of this embodiment can be applied to the vehicle disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 6124020, for example. For example, Fig. 9 An embodiment of the vehicle of the present invention is shown, wherein the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism comprises a sleeve and a spline of a steering shaft, Fig.12 A partial enlarged cross-sectional view is shown schematically showing the sleeve and spline of the steering shaft. Fig. 9 As shown, the vehicle 3012 of this embodiment has a steering wheel 3014, a displacement transmission system for transmitting the rotational displacement of the steering wheel 3014 to the steering actuator, an upper steering shaft 3020, an intermediate shaft 3028, and a spline shaft 3028S. Fig.12 As shown, a spline connection portion 3028A having a spline bearing 3028B and a spline shaft 3028S is provided at a location where the upper shaft portion 3028U and the lower shaft portion 3028L are assembled to each other. The spline bearing 3028B and the spline shaft 3028S have a plurality of spline grooves and spline teeth, which are spaced apart from each other at equal intervals around the rotation axis 3046 and extend along the rotation axis 3046. Each spline tooth is assembled into a corresponding spline groove, and the meshing portion of the spline groove and the spline tooth is filled with grease 3048 as a lubricant. An air ionization self-discharge type static eliminator 3098 is preferably fixed to the outer surface of the spline connection portion 3028A.

[0087] In the lubricant of the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism applied to the vehicle in this aspect, the electrical insulating base oil can be appropriately selected from various base oils such as mineral oil and synthetic oil commonly used in the art. The mineral oil contained in the lubricant can be a paraffinic mineral oil or a cycloparaffinic mineral oil, preferably a paraffinic mineral oil. Mineral oil is preferably made by, for example, appropriately combining one or more optional refining means selected from vacuum distillation, oil deasphalting, solvent extraction, hydrocracking, solvent dewaxing, sulfuric acid washing, clay refining and hydrofining. The synthetic oil contained in the lubricant can be any one of the known synthetic oils, such as hydrocarbon-based synthetic oils (for example, polyalphaolefin oils containing 1-decene as a starting material and co-oligomer oils of alpha-olefins and ethylene), phenyl ether-based synthetic oils, ester-based synthetic oils, polyethylene glycol-based synthetic oils, and silicone oils, hydrocarbon-based synthetic oils consisting only of carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms are preferred.

[0088] The electrical insulating base oil can be formed by any one of the mineral oil and synthetic oil given as examples above, or by a mixture of multiple mineral oils and / or synthetic oils. The electrical insulating base oil is preferably formed only by mineral oil. In the case where the electrical insulating base oil is formed only by mineral oil, the cost can be reduced. Because the electrical insulating base oil having this feature is contained, the lubricant can show the desired fluidity when applied to the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism of the vehicle of the present invention.

[0089] Among lubricants, the electrical insulating base oil preferably has a viscosity of 40 mm at 40°C. 2 / s to 200mm 2 / s kinematic viscosity, preferably 60 mm 2 / s to 100mm 2 / s kinematic viscosity. In the case where the kinematic viscosity of the electrical insulating base oil is lower than the lower limit, a sufficient oil film cannot be formed in the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism (for example, an axle rolling bearing) of the vehicle of the present invention to which the lubricant is applied, and thus the friction surface of the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism (for example, the rolling surface of the axle rolling bearing) may be damaged. In the case where the kinematic viscosity of the electrical insulating base oil is greater than the upper limit, the viscous resistance of the lubricant may increase, and thus the torque increases and heat is generated in the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism (for example, an axle rolling bearing) of the vehicle of the present invention to which the lubricant is applied. Therefore, in the case of an electrical insulating base oil having a kinematic viscosity within the above-mentioned range, the lubricant forms a sufficient oil film in the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism of the vehicle of the present invention to which the lubricant is applied, thereby exhibiting the desired fluidity.

[0090] In each aspect of the present invention, the kinematic viscosity of the electrical insulating base oil or the like is not limited, and can be measured using, for example, a glass capillary viscometer based on JIS K2283.

[0091] In the lubricant, the thickener may be appropriately selected from various materials such as soap-based materials and non-soap-based materials commonly used in the art. Examples of soap-based materials include lithium soaps. Examples of non-soap-based materials include organic materials (e.g., diurea compounds and fluorine powder) and inorganic materials (e.g., silica powder, titanium dioxide, aluminum oxide, and carbon fiber). In each aspect of the present invention, the diurea compound is generally a compound represented by formula (I):

[0092]

[0093] In formula (I), R 1 and R 2 are independently preferably substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 20 Alkyl or substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 18 Aryl, more preferably substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 18 Aryl, even more preferably substituted or unsubstituted phenyl. Particularly preferred is R 1 and R 2 Both are 4-methylphenyl. In each aspect of the present invention, wherein R 1 and R 2 Each independently represents a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 18 The diurea compound represented by the aromatic formula (I) can be described as an "aromatic diurea compound". The thickener contained in the lubricant is preferably a diurea compound, a lithium soap, or a mixture of a diurea compound and a lithium soap, more preferably a diurea compound, and even more preferably an aromatic diurea compound. Since the thickener having this characteristic is contained, the lubricant applied to the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism of the vehicle of the present invention can show high flowability.

[0094] Preferably, the amount of thickener contained in the lubricant is such that the mixed consistency of the lubricant is in the range of 220 to 385. The mixed consistency is more preferably in the range of 265 to 340. The content of the thickener that meets the requirements is adjusted so that the total solid content (mass %) is in the range of about 15 mass % to 20 mass %, usually in the range of 2 mass % to 30 mass %, typically in the range of 3 mass % to 25 mass %, and particularly in the range of 4 mass % to 20 mass %. In the case where the content of the thickener is higher than the upper limit, the lubricant may not be fully distributed in the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism (e.g., axle rolling bearing) of the vehicle of the present invention to which the lubricant is applied. In the case where the content of the thickener is lower than the lower limit, the lubricant may be excessively softened and may leak from the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism (e.g., axle rolling bearing) of the vehicle of the present invention to which the lubricant is applied. Therefore, in the case where a thickener having a mixed consistency within the above range is included, the lubricant can exhibit desired fluidity but will not leak from a microscopic dynamic friction mechanism (eg, an axle rolling bearing) to which the lubricant is applied in the vehicle of the present invention.

[0095] The mixed consistency of the lubricant can be measured based on, for example, JIS K22207.

[0096] In the lubricant applied to the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism of the vehicle of the present invention, the first additive fine particles made of a resin that generates a negative potential in the friction charging sequence are preferably selected from the group consisting of PTFE, vinyl chloride, acrylic, polyester, polyphthalamide, polyacetal, polybutylene terephthalate, polyphenylene sulfide, polyetheretherketone, polyimide, polyamideimide and rubber, and more preferably they are PTFE particles. It is known that the resin of the first additive fine particles given as an example above is a material that is easily negatively charged due to friction with a metal material or a material that generates a positive potential in the friction charging sequence. Therefore, in the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism (for example, axle rolling bearing) formed by at least two parts in a vehicle that is charged with a positive potential due to running in the present aspect, at least one of the components of the friction mechanism is made of a metal material, and a lubricant is set in the gap between the components of the friction mechanism by the microscopic dynamic friction force with the components of the friction mechanism, in which the first additive fine particles (for example, PTFE fine particles) made of a resin that generates a negative potential compared with the metal material of at least one of the components of the friction mechanism in the friction charging sequence table according to the friction force are uniformly mixed with the electrical insulating base oil. Therefore, when the first additive fine particles made of the resin are in friction contact with the components of the friction mechanism, the positive potential of the components of the friction mechanism begins to be neutralized and eliminated. In addition, even the first additive fine particles made of the resin that are charged with a negative potential after the friction contact are attracted to the positive potential of the surface of the components of the friction mechanism other than the friction contact part by the Coulomb force when floating in the electrical insulating base oil and moving and circulating rapidly and freely. Therefore, by means of a vehicle structure in which the positive potential of the components of the friction mechanism can be continuously neutralized and eliminated, the positive potential of the vehicle is significantly reduced. For example, the positive charge of the vehicle body surface and / or tires via the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism (e.g., axle rolling bearings) is removed to approach the original vehicle performance, thereby improving the handling stability, etc.

[0097] The primary particle diameter of the first additive fine particles (e.g., PTFE fine particles) is preferably in the range of 0.05 μm to 1 μm (50 nm to 1000 nm), more preferably in the range of 0.1 μm to 0.5 μm (100 nm to 500 nm). The content of the first additive fine particles (e.g., PTFE fine particles) relative to the total mass of the lubricant is preferably in the range of 0.1 mass % to 15 mass %, more preferably in the range of 5 mass % to 10 mass %. In the case where the content of the first additive fine particles (e.g., PTFE fine particles) is lower than the lower limit, the positive potential of the surface and / or tire of the vehicle of the present invention to which the lubricant is applied may not be sufficiently removed. In the case where the content of the first additive fine particles (e.g., PTFE fine particles) is higher than the upper limit, the fluidity of the lubricant is reduced, and the lubricant may not be sufficiently distributed in the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism (e.g., axle rolling bearing) of the vehicle of the present invention to which the lubricant is applied.

[0098] In the lubricant, it is preferred that the second additive fine particles (e.g., carbon black fine particles) having conductive properties and carrying the negative potential carried by the first additive fine particles are uniformly mixed with the electrical insulating base oil so as to further significantly reduce the positive potential of the components of the friction mechanism. The second additive fine particles can be appropriately selected from those materials commonly used as conductive materials in various forms, such as carbon black, carbon nanotubes, carbon nanohorns, carbon nanofibers, graphene and graphite. The second additive fine particles are preferably carbon black. The primary particle diameter of the second additive fine particles (e.g., carbon black fine particles) is preferably in the range of 1nm to 100nm, more preferably in the range of 5nm to 50nm. Relative to the total mass of the lubricant, the content of the second additive fine particles (e.g., carbon black fine particles) is preferably in the range of 0.1% by mass to 15% by mass, more preferably in the range of 5% by mass to 10% by mass. In the case where the content of the second additive fine particles (e.g., carbon black fine particles) is lower than the lower limit, neutralization of the lubricant and static elimination may not be sufficiently performed, and the positive charge on the body surface and / or tire of the vehicle to which the lubricant is applied may not be sufficiently removed. In the case where the content of the second additive fine particles (e.g., carbon black fine particles) is higher than the upper limit, the fluidity of the lubricant is reduced, and the lubricant may not be sufficiently distributed in the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism (e.g., axle rolling bearing) of the vehicle of the present aspect to which the lubricant is applied. Therefore, due to the presence of the second additive fine particles (e.g., carbon black fine particles) having this characteristic, when the lubricant is applied to the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism (e.g., axle rolling bearing) of the vehicle of the present aspect, the lubricant can improve the handling stability of the vehicle, etc. ( Fig.19 and 20 ).

[0099] The first additive fine particles and the second additive fine particles are preferably uniformly mixed with the electrically insulating base oil so as to have the same mass ratio of about 5% to 10% by mass, respectively, relative to the total mass of the lubricant.

[0100] The lubricant may optionally include one or more additional additives commonly used in the art. Additional additives are not limited, and examples of additional additives include solid additives (e.g., molybdenum disulfide, graphite, and melamine cyanurate (MCA)) other than the first additive fine particles (e.g., PTFE fine particles) and the second additive fine particles (e.g., carbon black fine particles), extreme pressure agents (e.g., olefin sulfides, sulfide esters, and sulfurized fats and sulfurized oils), anti-wear agents (e.g., phosphate esters, acid phosphate esters, acid phosphate amine salts, zinc dithiophosphates, and zinc carbamate), oiliness agents (e.g., alcohols, amines, esters, animal and vegetable fats and animal and vegetable oils), antioxidants (e.g., phenolic antioxidants and amine antioxidants), rust inhibitors (e.g., fatty acid amine salts, zinc naphthenate, and metal sulfonates) and metal passivators (e.g., benzotriazoles and thiadiazoles). In the case where the lubricant contains an additional additive, the additional additive may be formed of any one of the additives exemplified above, or may be formed as a mixture of a plurality of additives.

[0101] Method for producing lubricant

[0102] Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a lubricant applied to a vehicle of one aspect of the present invention. The method of this aspect is not particularly limited, and various methods can be applied. For example, the method of this aspect includes a step of mixing an electrical insulating base oil with an additive containing a first additive fine particle (e.g., PTFE fine particle) and a second additive fine particle (e.g., carbon black fine particle) (hereinafter, also referred to as a "mixing step").

[0103] In the method of the present aspect, in the process of manufacturing the lubricant of an embodiment of the grease composition, the mixing step is preferably performed by mixing an electrically insulating base oil, an additive containing first additive fine particles (e.g., PTFE fine particles) and second additive fine particles (e.g., carbon black fine particles), and a thickener.

[0104] In the method of this aspect, the mixing step can be performed using a kneading device commonly used in the art, such as a roller mill, a Fryma mill, a Charlotte mill or a homogenizer. In the mixing step, the mixing order of the components is not particularly limited. For example, an additive comprising a first additive fine particle (e.g., PTFE fine particle) and a second additive fine particle (e.g., carbon black fine particle) and an optional thickener can be added to the electrical insulating base oil at the same time and mixed therewith, or can be added separately (e.g., continuously or at predetermined time intervals) to the electrical insulating base oil and mixed therewith.

[0105] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. However, the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to these examples.

[0106] Lubricant preparation

[0107] A thickener (a reaction product of an aromatic diurea compound, 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate and p-toluidine), first additive fine particles (PTFE fine particles, primary particle diameter: 0.18 μm to 0.20 μm (180 nm to 200 nm)), second additive fine particles (carbon black, primary particle diameter: 10 nm to 20 nm) and other additives (antioxidant, rust inhibitor and anti-wear agent) were added to an electrical insulating base oil (paraffin-based mineral oil, kinematic viscosity: 75 mm 2 / s (40°C)) and kneaded by a three-roll mill to prepare lubricants in the form of grease compositions of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1. The structures of the aromatic diurea compounds are shown below. Table 1 shows the component contents of the lubricants of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1. In the table, the content of each component is expressed in mass % relative to the total mass of the lubricant.

[0108]

[0109] Table 1

[0110]

[0111]

[0112] Lubricant performance evaluation

[0113] Mixing consistency measurement test

[0114] The mixed consistency of the lubricants of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 was measured according to JIS K 22207. As a result, the mixed consistency of the lubricants of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 was 300.

[0115] Handling stability measurement test

[0116] The lubricants of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 were sealed in axle rolling bearings (manufactured by JTEKT Corporation, hub units with double-row angular ball bearings). The axle rolling bearings were assembled on the right front, right rear, left front, and left rear wheels of the test vehicle. Table 2 shows the specifications of the test vehicle.

[0117] Table 2

[0118]

[0119] The test vehicles of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 were allowed to travel at a speed of 70 km / h. Fig.21 The maneuvering method during the lane change shown repeats the lane change. Fig.21 In the illustrated manipulation method, the steering angle changes in the order of 0°→-30°→0° within 1 second (hereinafter, the change in the steering angle is also referred to as "steering angle of 60° / second"). In the driving test, the steering angle and the vehicle yaw acceleration of the test vehicles of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 were measured. The steering angle was measured by an on-vehicle steering angle sensor and a CAN data logger. The vehicle yaw acceleration was measured by a gyro sensor (NAV440CA-200 manufactured by CROSSBOW).

[0120] In order to quantitatively measure the handling stability of the test vehicle and evaluate the responsiveness of the test vehicle to the manipulation of the test vehicle, the handling of the test vehicle is measured by the steering angle, and the responsiveness of the test vehicle's behavior is measured by the vehicle's yaw angular acceleration. Fig. 22 The values ​​of the vehicle yaw angular acceleration of the test vehicles of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 at a steering angle of 60° / sec are shown.

[0121] like Fig. 22 As shown, the vehicle yaw acceleration value of the test vehicle of Example 1 is significantly higher than the vehicle yaw acceleration value of the test vehicle of Comparative Example 1. From this result, it can be found that the use of the lubricant of Example 1 exhibits the original vehicle performance, improves the responsiveness of the test vehicle to the steering operation of the test vehicle, and thus improves the steering stability of the test vehicle.

[0122] Measurement test of the charge removal effect on the vehicle body

[0123] The lubricant of Example 2 was prepared under the same conditions as above, except that the content of the thickener in the lubricant of Example 1 was changed to 3 mass%, the content of the carbon black was changed to 5 mass%, the content of the PTFE was changed to 10 mass%, the content of the other additives was changed to 1.8 mass%, and the content of the base oil was changed to the balance. A test vehicle was prepared using the lubricant of Example 2 under the same conditions as above.

[0124] The test vehicles of Example 2 and Comparative Example 1 were allowed to start running at a speed of about 100 km / h. During the running, the potential of the tire tread surface in the rear part of the left rear wheel and the potential of the fender liner (a component facing the tire tread surface) were measured using a non-contact surface potential measuring device (capable of measuring the surface potential of the positive and negative electrodes in the range of 0.1 kV to 5 kV). Fig.23A and 23B The change in the potential of the fender liner over time is shown. Fig.23A The measurement results of the test vehicle of Comparative Example 1 are shown. Fig. 23B The measurement results of the test vehicle of Example 2 are shown. Fig.23A and 23B In the graph, the horizontal axis represents the elapsed time (seconds) and the vertical axis represents the potential (kV).

[0125] like Fig.23A and 23B As shown, in the test vehicle of Comparative Example 1, the potential fluctuated within the range of +0.34 kV to -0.24 kV. In the test vehicle of Example 2, the potential fluctuated within the range of +0.09 kV to -0.12 kV. From this result, it can be found that the use of the lubricant of Example 2 removes the positive potential of the vehicle body and / or the charge of the tire, and thus reduces the fluctuation of the potential carried by the vehicle body during driving to about 1 / 3.

[0126] Lubricant voltage drop time measurement test

[0127] The lubricant of Example 3 is prepared under the same conditions as above, except that the content of the thickener in the lubricant of Example 1 is changed to 19% by mass, the content of PTFE is changed to 5% by mass, the content of other additives is changed to 1.8% by mass, and the content of the base oil is changed to the remainder. The lubricants of Example 1, Example 3, and Comparative Example 1 are used to perform a voltage drop time measurement test. Each lubricant is sandwiched between a pair of electrodes, and forced charging (positive) is performed from the surface of one of the electrodes in a non-contact manner to measure the charge amount (electrostatic voltage) in a non-contact manner. The time for the electrostatic voltage to drop below 0.2 kV is measured, and this value is used as the voltage drop time.

[0128] like Fig.24 As shown, in the case of the lubricant of Comparative Example 1 (without adding PTFE and carbon black), the average voltage drop time is 42.2 seconds. In the case of the lubricant of Example 3 (adding PTFE), the average voltage drop time is 27.6 seconds. From this result, it can be found that the charge is neutralized using the lubricant of Example 3. In addition, in the case of the lubricant of Example 1 (adding PTFE and carbon black), the average voltage drop time is within 1.0 second. From this result, it can be found that the charge is further neutralized using the lubricant of Example 1.

Claims

1. A vehicle having a microscopic dynamic friction mechanism formed by at least two components and having a positive potential due to running, characterized in that: At least one of the components of the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism is made of a metal material, A lubricant is provided in the gaps between the components of the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism by a microscopic dynamic friction force with the components of the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism, the lubricant having first additive fine particles uniformly mixed with an electrically insulating base oil, the first additive fine particles being made of a resin that generates a negative potential in a triboelectric charging sequence table according to friction force compared with the metal material of at least one of the components of the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism, The second additive fine particles having conductive properties are uniformly mixed with the electrical insulating base oil, When the first and second additive fine particles having negative potential float in the electrically insulating base oil and move and circulate, the negative potential carried is transferred from the first additive fine particles to the second additive fine particles, The second additive fine particles with negative potential are attracted to the positive potential of the surface of the member of the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism by Coulomb force, and the positive potential of the member of the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism is neutralized, eliminated and reduced, The first additive fine particles are polytetrafluoroethylene, The electrical insulating base oil is a paraffinic mineral oil. The second additive fine particles are carbon black, The lubricant is a grease composition containing a thickener, and the thickener is an aromatic diurea compound. The microscopic dynamic friction mechanism is an axle rolling bearing, When the first additive fine particles are in frictional contact with the member of the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism, neutralization and elimination of the positive potential of the member of the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism are started, and The first additive fine particles having a negative potential after friction contact are attracted by Coulomb force to the positive potential of the surface of the component of the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism except the friction contact portion of the component of the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism when floating in the electrical insulating base oil and moving and circulating, thereby continuously neutralizing and eliminating the positive potential of the component of the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism.

2. The vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that The primary particle diameter of the first additive fine particles is in the range of 0.05 μm to 1 μm.

3. The vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that The primary particle diameter of the first additive fine particles is in the range of 0.1 μm to 0.5 μm.

4. The vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The first additive fine particles are uniformly mixed in a range of 0.1 mass % to 15 mass % with respect to the total mass of the lubricant.

5. The vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that The first additive fine particles are uniformly mixed in a range of 5% by mass to 10% by mass with respect to the total mass of the lubricant.

6. The vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that The primary particle diameter of the second additive fine particles is in the range of 1 nm to 100 nm.

7. The vehicle according to claim 6, characterized in that The primary particle diameter of the second additive fine particles is in the range of 5 nm to 50 nm.

8. The vehicle according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 6 and 7, characterized in that The second additive fine particles are uniformly mixed in a range of 0.1% by mass to 15% by mass with respect to the total mass of the lubricant.

9. The vehicle according to claim 8, characterized in that The second additive fine particles are uniformly mixed in a range of 5% by mass to 10% by mass with respect to the total mass of the lubricant.

10. The vehicle according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 6 and 7, characterized in that The first additive fine particles and the second additive fine particles are uniformly mixed to have the same mass ratio of 5% to 10% by mass, respectively, relative to the total mass of the lubricant.

11. The vehicle according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 6 and 7, characterized in that: A thickener is mixed with the electrical insulating base oil and the solid content of the thickener is adjusted so that the total solid content is 15% by mass to 20% by mass to prepare a grease lubricant having an adjusted viscosity index.

12. The vehicle according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 6 and 7, characterized in that Another one of the components of the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism is made of a material that generates a positive potential in the friction charging sequence table, and the negative potential generated on the first additive fine particles is increased to enhance the effect of neutralizing, eliminating and reducing the positive potential of the components of the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism.

13. The vehicle according to claim 12, characterized in that Another one of the components of the micro-dynamic friction mechanism is made of a material selected from the group consisting of rayon, nylon, polyphthalamide, polyacetal, polybutylene terephthalate, polyphenylene sulfide, polyetheretherketone, polyimide and polyamideimide.

14. The vehicle according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 6 and 7, characterized in that An air ionization self-discharge type static eliminator is arranged on the outer surface of the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism and is located near the component in which the lubricant is set. The air ionization self-discharge type static eliminator uses the positive potential of the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism to ionize the surrounding air and neutralize and eliminate the positive potential of the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism, and the potential of the component in which the lubricant is set in the microscopic dynamic friction mechanism is lowered, so that static electricity can be eliminated until a negative potential through the synergistic effect of neutralization and static electricity elimination with the lubricant.

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