159results about "Engine operations" patented technology

A method according to certain embodiments generally involves mixing exhaust gas and air in an exhaust gas recirculation mixer. The method includes directing exhaust gas from an engine to a mixing tube along a first flow path, and directing air to the mixing tube along a second flow path. One of the first flow path or the second flow path is an outer flow path, and the other of the first flow path or the second flow path is an inner flow path surrounded by the outer flow path. The first flow path and the second flow path merge within a throat of the mixing tube such that the exhaust gas and the air mix within the mixing tube to thereby provide a mixture of exhaust gas and air.

The present invention relates to a method for operating an internal combustion engine (100), wherein, in order to abruptly reduce a torque of the internal combustion engine (100) and / or to provide a low torque by the internal combustion engine (100), a retarded ignition angle adjustment is carried out, wherein water is injected into an intake tract (2) of the internal combustion engine (100) by means of a water injection system (4), and wherein a limit ignition angle for the ignition angle adjustment is determined based on a quantity of water injected by the water injection system (4). The present invention further relates to an internal combustion engine (100) comprising a water injection system (4) and a control unit (5) that is configured to carry out an inventive method for operating the internal combustion engine (100).

A control system for an internal combustion engine includes at least one sensor configured to measure a combustion signal within at least one cylinder of a plurality of cylinders within the internal combustion engine. The combustion signal corresponds to a first combustion cycle. The control system also includes a controller operably connected to the at least one sensor. The controller is configured to receive the combustion signal from the at least one sensor and determine whether the measured combustion signal satisfies at least one condition associated with the internal combustion engine. The at least one condition corresponds to the at least one of engine misfire or delayed combustion. The controller is further configured to, based on the determination, reduce a fueling amount to the at least one cylinder for a predetermined number of combustion cycles following the first combustion cycle.

The invention provides an engine device which can improve ignition performance or combustion speed hysteresis of a mixed gas containing ammonia and hydrogen gas and can enable the mixed gas to be stably combusted with good exhaust gas properties. An engine device (1) for an ammonia co-combustion engine that operates by combusting at least a mixed gas of ammonia and hydrogen gas in a combustion chamber (21a) generates a mixed gas by supplying ammonia and hydrogen gas to the combustion chamber (21a), compresses the mixed gas in the combustion chamber (21a) and increases the temperature and pressure of the mixed gas, and controls the combustion chamber (21a) in accordance with the state of the mixed gas in the combustion chamber (21a). The gas mixture in the combustion chamber (21a) is ignited by an ignition device comprising a sub-fuel supply device (6) and a sub-fuel injection unit (26).

There are provided systems and methods for using fuel rich partial oxidation to produce an end product from waste gases, such as flare gas. Lambda sensor modifications and other control parameters that provide closed-loop mixture control at extremely fuel-rich operating conditions utilizing feed-forward and feedback approaches, physics-based engine models, novel use of a lambda sensor (02-based sensor), sensors with intermittent contact with the gas stream. In an embodiment the system and method use air-breathing engines having control systems, control parameters, sensors and input / output (I / O) for the fuel rich (ER of 1.2 and greater), partial oxidation of the flare gas to form syngas. In embodiments the syngas is further converted into an end product. In an embodiment the end product is methanol.

A multi-fuel vehicle has a cracker 110 that receives ammonia from an ammonia storage container 204, cracks it to form a cracked gas comprising hydrogen gas and nitrogen gas, and conveys the hydrogen gas to an engine 208 of the vehicle. An energy source, such as a battery 216, traction motor 212, alternator 210 or exhaust system 112, provides energy to the cracker. A controller (102, fig 1) receives a predefined route for the vehicle, predicts a future load demand of the vehicle based on the predefined route, and adjusts a flow rate of ammonia delivered to the cracker based on the future load demand. A method for operating an ammonia cracker in a vehicle also comprises combusting, by the engine, a cracked gas mixture comprising hydrogen gas. The predefined route may include an indication of a grade and a speed. The vehicle may have a hydrogen storage container 206 intermediate the cracker and the engine.

The present invention relates to a method for diagnosing a water injection system (3) of an internal combustion engine (2) of a hybrid electric vehicle (100), comprising: providing water at a defined test water pressure by means of a water supply device (3.3), closing a shut-off valve (3.4) when water at the defined test water pressure is provided, injecting a defined target quantity of water into an intake manifold (2.2) of the internal combustion engine (2) via the injection nozzle (3.1), and determining a pressure after injection in a section of the water line (3.4) located between the injection nozzle (3.1) and the shut-off valve (3.4).2) remaining residual water pressure, wherein a current engine load of the internal combustion engine (2) is determined before injection, wherein the determined current engine load is compared with a load threshold value, and wherein the internal combustion engine (2) is subjected to an additional load by operating an electric traction motor (1) of the hybrid electric vehicle (100) in generator mode if the determined current engine load is less than the load threshold value. The present invention further relates to a hybrid electric vehicle (100) with a diagnostic unit (4) which is configured to carry out a method according to the invention.

To provide an electron-generating material and electron-generating member, which can reduce a friction coefficient.SOLUTION: An electron-generating material capable of reducing a friction coefficient is provided, the material comprising powder of a natural mineral containing a radioactive substance and powder of an electron-generating material that generates electrons when subjected to alpha rays emitted from the natural mineral, where the powder of the electron-generating material comprises titanium dioxide powder, lanthanum hexaboride, and silicon metal.SELECTED DRAWING: None

The invention relates to an air-steam engine comprising one or more cylinders and a piston located therein, capable of reciprocating. The air-steam engine further includes an injection nozzle and a pre-chamber. The pre-chamber is arranged between the injection nozzle and the cylinder, and a fuel fluid can be introduced into the pre-chamber from the injection nozzle. Compressed air from the cylinder is drawn into the pre-chamber, forming an air-steam mixture within the pre-chamber, which can then be introduced into the cylinder. This enables the reciprocating movement of the cylinder. Furthermore, the cylinder is connected to a condenser via an exhaust valve, causing the air-steam mixture or the vapor from the air-steam mixture to condense and be present as condensate in the condenser.The condenser and the injector are connected via a high-pressure pump and a high-pressure tank, allowing the fuel fluid to flow from the condenser back to the injector via another high-pressure pump and tank. This closed-loop system in the air-steam engine results in efficient operation.

The invention relates to a method for controlling the recovery of water in a motor vehicle, in which method, to recover water in an air-conditioning system (12) of the motor vehicle, air is cooled to a temperature below its dew point, and the water dropping out as a result of the cooling is collected in a water container (13). During water recovery, the air-conditioning system (12) is controlled by means of a water recovery control device (11), wherein, to control the water recovery by means of the water recovery control device (11), the air-conditioning system (12) is adjusted on the basis of at least one parameter value which is detected by a detection unit (10) and transmitted to the water recovery control device (11).

A method of operating a water injection system for a combustion engine, the system comprising an injector for injecting water at least indirectly into the combustion engine and a pump for pumping water from a tank through a feed line to the injector. In order to improve the dynamic performance of a water injection system for a combustion engine, the invention provides that the method comprises the steps of:determining if there is a current demand for water injection;if there is no current demand, checking at least one predefined standby condition to determine if, starting from a current pump performance, it is possible to meet a potential future demand for water injection; andincreasing the pump performance if at least one standby condition is fulfilled anddecreasing or deactivating the pump if no standby conditions are fulfilled.

The present disclosure relates to methods and fuel compositions for reducing or eliminating fuel injector deposits in high pressure gasoline engines. The fuel compositions include gasoline and a synergistic combination of a fuel injector clean-up mixture including a heterocyclic amine, diamine, or open chain derivative thereof and a hydrocarbyl substituted dicarboxylic anhydride derivative selected from a diamide, acid / amide, acid / ester, diacid, amide / ester, diester, and imide.

To provide an electron-generating member capable of reducing a friction coefficient.SOLUTION: An electron-generating member capable of reducing a friction coefficient is provided, the member comprising: an electron-generating portion made of an electron-generating material comprising powder of a natural mineral containing a radioactive substance and powder of an electron-generating substance that generates electrons when subjected to alpha rays emitted from the natural mineral; and a magnet laminated on the electron-generating portion.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

A photocatalytic liquid is disclosed. The photocatalytic liquid includes a noble metal nanoparticle being in a weight percentage of 0.01-0.2 wt.% of the photocatalytic liquid, and including a silver nanoparticle; a photocatalytic nanomaterial being in a weight percentage of 0.01-25 wt.% of the photocatalytic liquid, and including at least one of a titanium nanoparticle and a tungsten trioxide nanoparticle; a dispersant in a weight percentage of 0.01-5 wt.% of the photocatalytic liquid; and a balance of a solvent.

The present invention relates to a method for operating an internal combustion engine (100), wherein a torque output by the internal combustion engine (100) is determined by means of a torque model (5.2.1) based on operating parameters of the internal combustion engine (100), wherein water is injected into an intake manifold (2) of the internal combustion engine (100) by means of a water injection system (4), and wherein a correction parameter is determined by the torque model (5.2.1) based on the amount of water injected by the water injection system (4). The present invention further relates to an internal combustion engine (100) comprising a water injection system (4) and a control unit (5) configured to execute a method according to the invention for operating the internal combustion engine (100).

The invention relates to a hydrogen internal combustion engine system (10) comprising a combustion chamber (12) connected to a hydrogen intake system (14), an air intake system (16) and a water intake system (18) for controlling hydrogen combustion, characterized in that the water injection system (18) comprises an exhaust gas collector (30) connected to an exhaust water condenser (32) configured to condense at least a part of water contained in the exhaust gases.

A system for producing an oil-in-water emulsion; the system comprising: a first input for coupling to a source of fuel on a vehicle; a second input for coupling to a source of water; a third input for coupling to a source of first additive; a mixing section for mixing the water and the first additive to form an aqueous phase; and a blender for blending the aqueous phase with the fuel to form the oil-in-water emulsion; wherein the first input is coupled to the blender; the second input and the third input are coupled to the mixing section; and the mixing section is coupled to the blender.

Feeding system (1) for internal combustion engine (100), or thermal combustion unit, operating with fuel based on hydrocarbons or their derivatives and having at least one intake portion (101) for entering the fed gas into said combustion engine (100) or into said thermal combustion unit, and at least one exhaust portion (102) for exiting exhaust gas from said combustion engine (100) or from said thermal combustion unit, said system (1) comprising at least one sensor (3) for measuring the oxygen content of said exhaust gas coming out of said exhaust portion (102) and at least one exhaust line (2) fluidically connected to said exhaust portion (102) and being provided with a device (4) for cooling the exhaust gas and condensing the water vapor contained in said exhaust gas coming out of said exhaust portion and passing through said exhaust line (2), said system (1) being characterized by further comprising at least one recirculation pipeline (10) for fluidically connecting said exhaust line (2) to said inlet portion (101) of said combustion engine (100) or of said thermal combustion unit, and by comprising means (20) for injecting oxygen, or an oxygen mixture, into said recirculation pipeline (10) for transforming said exhaust gas at the outlet of said exhaust line into said fed gas, wherein the amount injected of oxygen is established depending on the oxygen content of said exhaust gas measured by said at least one sensor for measuring the oxygen content, said feeding and exhaust system further comprising purifying means for purifying said exhaust gas along said exhaust line (2) for eliminating further liquid and / or solid and / or gaseous combustion products contained in said exhaust gas.

To provide a split-cycle internal combustion engine and a method of operating the split-cycle internal combustion engine.SOLUTION: A split-cycle internal combustion engine 100 comprises: a compression cylinder 10 receiving a compression piston 12; a combustion cylinder 20 receiving a combustion piston 22; a crossover passage 30 arranged between the compression cylinder 10 and the combustion cylinder 20 to supply working fluid to the combustion cylinder 20; a reactivity regulator 85 capable of operating to regulate the reactivity of fuel used in a combustion process; and a controller 60 arranged to receive at least one indication of (i) the pressure of the working fluid, (ii) the temperature of the working fluid, (iii) the generation of NOx caused by combustion, and (iv) the degree of engine knocking in the combustion cylinder. The controller 60 is configured to operate the reactivity regulator 85 so as to regulate the reactivity of fuel on the basis of the received indication.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Method for a hybrid vehicle (102), comprising: Propelling the hybrid vehicle (102) via an internal combustion engine (10) operating with a water injection state selected based on driver demand and water availability on board the hybrid vehicle (102); and in response to a change in driver demand, adjusting the water injection state based on each of the changes in driver demand, a state of charge of an energy storage system (54) and water availability, wherein The setting includes the selection between maintaining a current water injection state and switching to an alternative water injection state based on fuel saving in each of the current and alternative water injection states with a stored power offset based on the state of charge, wherein the current water injection state has one of an activated water injection state and one of a deactivated water injection state, and wherein the alternative water injection state has the other of the activated water injection state and the deactivated water injection state.

A control system for an internal combustion engine includes at least one sensor configured to measure a combustion signal within at least one cylinder of a plurality of cylinders within the internal combustion engine. The combustion signal corresponds to a first combustion cycle. The control system also includes a controller operably connected to the at least one sensor. The controller is configured to receive the combustion signal from the at least one sensor and determine whether the measured combustion signal satisfies at least one condition associated with the internal combustion engine. The at least one condition corresponds to the at least one of engine misfire or delayed combustion. The controller is further configured to, based on the determination, reduce a fueling amount to the at least one cylinder for a predetermined number of combustion cycles following the first combustion cycle.

A piston discharge structure for a plasma cloud excitation engine is provided. The piston discharge structure includes a movement electrode, a distributed multi-cavity combustion chamber, a fixed electrode, and a variable interval discharge region. The movement electrode is provided at a top portion of a piston and includes a first combination shape and a first movement electrode structure, the distributed multi-cavity combustion chamber is provided at the top portion of the piston, the fixed electrode is provided at a top portion of a cylinder block or a bottom portion of a cylinder head and including a second combination shape and a second structure, and the variable interval discharge region is defined by the movement electrode and the fixed electrode.

An exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) mixer for use in a power generation system is provided. The EGR mixer includes a mixing chamber defining a flow direction and a working fluid inlet coupled to the mixing chamber for introducing a working fluid into the mixing chamber along the flow direction. The EGR mixer also includes exhaust gas injection ducts extending across the mixing chamber downstream of the working fluid inlets. Each of the exhaust gas injection ducts is oriented to receive exhaust gas recirculated within the power generation system and to inject the exhaust gas into the mixing chamber in a direction transverse to the flow direction to generate turbulence within the mixing chamber. The EGR mixer also includes an outlet coupled to the mixing chamber for delivering the mixture of exhaust gas and working fluid toward a compressor within the power generation system.

The present invention belongs to the field of energy utilization, and specifically relates to a system that utilizes nitrogen oxides to promote the low-temperature ignition of ammonia fuel, including a storage unit, an ammonia combustion unit, a flue gas catalytic oxidation unit and an adsorption regeneration unit connected in sequence, and the output end of the adsorption regeneration unit is also connected to the ammonia combustion unit. The ammonia fuel is transported from the storage unit to the ammonia combustion unit, and the ammonia fuel is mixed with an oxygen source and a promoter for combustion. The flue gas generated by the combustion enters the flue gas catalytic oxidation unit and is processed into circulating gas. Part of the circulating gas is returned to the ammonia combustion unit as a promoter, and the remaining part of the circulating gas is concentrated in the adsorption regeneration unit and returned to the ammonia combustion unit as a promoter. The promoter is a NO / NO2 mixed gas. Compared with the prior art, the present invention effectively solves the problems of difficult ignition of ammonia fuel combustion, low flame propagation speed and NO x It can solve the problems of emission, reduce the ignition temperature of ammonia, and increase the flame propagation speed, thereby significantly improving the comprehensive utilization performance of ammonia fuel.

The invention relates to a hydrogen storage power plant (1) comprising:in order to produce hydrogen (H2) from methane or natural gas, a pyrolysis device for methane pyrolysis and / or natural gas pyrolysis and / or a plasmalysis device (6) for methane plasmalysis and / or natural gas plasmalysis; -a storage device (11), which is coupled on the output side to the pyrolysis device, for storing the hydrogen (H2) or a storage device (11), which is coupled on the output side to the plasmalysis device (6), for storing the hydrogen (H2); anda hydrogen combustion engine (12) which is coupled on the outlet side to the storage device (11) and has a closed noble gas circuit (12.1) for circulating noble gas, which noble gas circuit leads from an outlet channel (12.2) of the hydrogen combustion engine (12) via a circulation path to an inlet channel (12.3) of the hydrogen combustion engine (12) and guides a noble gas (EG) from the outlet channel (12.2) via the inlet channel (12.3) into a combustion chamber of the hydrogen combustion engine (12). The invention also relates to a method for operating such a hydrogen storage power plant (1).

A method of using ozone for maintaining an internal combustion engine. The method includes providing a maintenance system including a user control panel, an ozone generator, a blower, the blower having a first blower end for intake of air and a second blower end connected to the ozone generator and a safety module with at least one safety sensor connected thereto. The maintenance system includes a control module connected to the ozone generator and to the safety module. The system includes an ozone transport tube having a first tube end sealable to the internal combustion engine. The method include connecting the ozone transport tube to an air intake of the internal combustion engine and directing the ozone through the ozone transport tube during operation of the internal combustion engine. The method includes allowing the ozone to react with deposits in the internal combustion engine.

Method for an engine, comprising: Adjusting engine operation based on a final estimate of the gas flow parameters, wherein the final estimate of the gas flow parameters is based on a first gas flow parameter estimated with a first sensor, a second gas flow parameter estimated with a second sensor positioned in a gas channel of the engine at a distance from the first sensor, and accuracy values ​​of both the first and the second gas flow parameters, wherein the final estimate of the gas flow parameters is a final estimate of the exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) flow, and wherein adjusting the engine operation comprises adjusting an EGR valve (121) based on the final EGR flow estimate, and wherein the final EGR flow estimate is based on a first EGR flow estimated with a differential pressure sensor (125) across the EGR valve (121),a second EGR flow estimated with an intake oxygen sensor (168) and accuracy values ​​of both the first and second EGR flows.,

An alternative heat source for an engine with an elongated compartment with first and second ends, a directed energy device capable of sending a pulse of photonic energy to a focal point within the first end of the compartment, an intake allowing for the entry of a gas into the elongated compartment, an exhaust allowing for the exit of the gas from the elongated compartment, and a piston capable of moving within the elongated compartment between the first and second ends. The pulse of photonic energy at the focal point heats the gas and causes a corresponding expansion of the gas in the elongated compartment, driving the piston toward the second end of the elongated compartment, where the piston movement can be translated into motive force. The same principle can work with a rotary chamber, or a dual chambered linear system.