A depressant for lead flotation of lead-zinc ore and its application

Abstract

The present invention provides a depressant for lead flotation of lead-zinc ore and its application, which utilizes the synergistic effect of inorganic depressants and organic depressants to form metal chelates with various metal ions under appropriate ratios and pH conditions to eliminate the inevitable ions Ca in the ore pulp. 2+ Mg 2+ etc., selectively enhance the 2+ 、Fe 2+ and Fe 3+ The inhibition of pyrite and sphalerite ultimately achieves this effect. This allows for efficient suppression of zinc and sulfur in lead flotation, reducing their contents in lead concentrate and increasing lead recovery. This process eliminates the need for the addition of strong acids or bases throughout the entire process, significantly reducing the cost of mineral processing reagents and delivering significant social and economic benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a depressant used in lead flotation in the field of mineral processing and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Lead and zinc are important nonferrous metal ores in my country, with a wide range of applications. Lead is widely used in the electrical, mechanical, and military industries. The current development of new energy sources, especially the widespread use of lead-acid batteries, requires large quantities of lead. Zinc is a key nonferrous metal ores due to its excellent properties, including ductility, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance. It can also be combined with various metals to form alloys with even better physical and chemical properties.

[0003] In the lead flotation beneficiation operation, lime and zinc sulfate are usually added to inhibit the zinc and sulfur in the raw ore pulp. Lime and zinc sulfate are more common zinc and sulfur inhibitors.

[0004] Excessive use of lime can cause equipment scaling and corrosion, increasing maintenance costs and causing serious environmental pollution. Excessive use of zinc sulfate can lead to strong zinc inhibition, requiring increased activator dosage in zinc flotation operations. This not only hinders zinc recovery but also increases reagent usage and costs.

[0005] Background Example 1, Invention Patent: A Process for Beneficiating Zinc Minerals from Low-Grade Lead-Zinc Sulfide Ores and Their Depressants, Application Number: CN202110325788.3, discloses a process for beneficiating zinc minerals from low-grade lead-zinc sulfide ores and their depressants. The depressant is composed, by weight, of 30%-45% zinc sulfate, 30%-45% sodium sulfite, 10%-25% sodium humate, and 10%-25% sodium sulfide. The depressant, XKY-07, is then used as a depressant in the flotation of lead minerals. However, lime must still be added during use to suppress sulfur.

[0006] Background Example 2, Invention Patent: A Combined Depressant for Flotation Separation of Lead-Zinc Sulfide Ores and Its Application, Application Number: CN202110920882.3, discloses a combined depressant for flotation separation of lead-zinc sulfide ores and its application. The combined depressant comprises zinc sulfate and iminodisuccinic acid. The combined depressant is used as a sphalerite inhibitor in the flotation separation of galena and sphalerite. However, the use of the combined depressant still requires the addition of lime to suppress sulfur.

[0007] Background Example 3, Invention Patent: A Flotation Separation Method for Refractory Lead-Zinc Sulfide Ore and Sphalerite Depressant Thereof, Application Number: CN202111260509.6, discloses a flotation separation method for refractory lead-zinc sulfide ore and its sphalerite depressant. This method combines calcium hypochlorite with sodium carbonate cyanurate to form a novel sphalerite depressant. This method uses cyanide, which is environmentally unfriendly. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The present invention aims to produce a zinc-sulfur depressant for use in lead flotation in lead-zinc ores. This depressant, a compound of inorganic and organic depressants, is non-toxic, harmless, requires minimal dosage, and exhibits excellent efficacy. It can replace conventional lime and zinc sulfate. It effectively depresses zinc and sulfur during lead flotation, thereby reducing the zinc and sulfur contents in lead concentrate and improving lead recovery.

[0009] The principles of the present invention are as follows:

[0010] The present invention produces a high-efficiency and environmentally friendly zinc-sulfur combined depressant for lead flotation in lead-zinc ores. The principle is to utilize the synergistic effect of inorganic and organic depressants to replace conventional lime and zinc sulfate. The inorganic depressant sodium carbonate in the combined depressant is hydrolyzed in the ore pulp to obtain OH - , HCO 3- 、CO3 2- Plasma can eliminate the inevitable ions Ca in water 2+ Mg 2+ The combination of sodium carbonate and zinc sulfate deposits both hydrophilic Zn(OH)2 colloids and hydrophilic Zn(CO3)(OH)6 colloids on the surface of sphalerite and pyrite. The colloids cover the surface of sphalerite and pyrite, which enhances the surface hydrophilicity of sphalerite and pyrite and inhibits them. Sodium sulfite itself is an effective inhibitor of sphalerite and pyrite, but has a weaker inhibitory ability on galena. When used in an appropriate amount, it can enhance the inhibitory ability on sphalerite and pyrite. Bleaching powder has strong oxidizing properties, which inhibits the reduction reaction on the surface of minerals, allowing sphalerite and pyrite to maintain their hydrophilicity and not be activated by copper ions, etc. The organic inhibitors humates and lignin sulfonates have more aromatic structures and functional groups. They can form metal chelates with various metal ions under appropriate ratios and pH conditions. This invention utilizes them to react with Zn in the pH range of 6 to 9. 2+ 、Fe 2+ and Fe 3+ The new high-efficiency collector P1 itself has good collection capacity and selectivity for galena. The application of combined inhibition in lead flotation further effectively inhibits zinc and sulfur, thereby reducing the zinc and sulfur content in lead concentrate and improving lead recovery.

[0011] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0012] The invention discloses an inhibitor for lead flotation in lead-zinc ore. The inhibitor Ts2 comprises, calculated by weight percentage, 20% to 30% of sodium carbonate, 1% to 5% of humate, 1% to 5% of lignin sulfonate, 1% to 5% of bleaching powder, 10% to 20% of sodium sulfite and 50% to 60% of zinc sulfate.

[0013] A beneficiation method for lead flotation depressants in lead-zinc ores, comprising the following steps:

[0014] i. Grinding: Grinding the raw ore to obtain raw ore slurry;

[0015] ii. Lead flotation: After adding the inhibitor Ts2 to the raw ore pulp and stirring, the lead collector P1 is added to perform lead roughing to obtain lead roughing concentrate and lead roughing tailings. The inhibitor Ts2 is added to the lead roughing concentrate multiple times to perform multiple lead concentration operations, and the lead collector P1 is added to the lead roughing tailings multiple times to perform multiple lead scavenging operations to obtain lead concentrate and lead tailings.

[0016] iii. Zinc flotation: copper sulfate is added to the lead tailings and stirred, and then zinc collector LY is added to perform zinc roughing to obtain zinc rougher concentrate and zinc rougher tailings. The zinc rougher concentrate is subjected to multiple zinc concentration operations, and the zinc rougher tailings are subjected to multiple zinc scavenging operations by adding zinc collector LY multiple times to obtain zinc concentrate and zinc tailings.

[0017] iv. Sulfur flotation: Sulfur collectors and frothers are added to zinc tailings for sulfur roughing to obtain sulfur roughing concentrate and sulfur roughing tailings; multiple sulfur concentration operations are performed on the sulfur roughing concentrate, and multiple sulfur scavenging operations are performed on the sulfur roughing tailings by adding sulfur collectors multiple times to obtain sulfur concentrate and tailings.

[0018] Preferably, the inhibitor Ts2, calculated by weight percentage, includes: 20% to 30% sodium carbonate, 1% to 5% humate, 1% to 5% lignin sulfonate, 1% to 5% bleaching powder, 10% to 20% sodium sulfite, and 50% to 60% zinc sulfate.

[0019] Preferably, the lead collector P1 comprises, calculated by weight percentage, 5% sodium hydroxide, 70% to 80% dipropyl dithiophosphate, 5% to 15% imidazole mercaptan, and 5% to 15% trithiocarbonate.

[0020] Preferably, the lead collector P1 is prepared by preparing a 10% aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, uniformly mixing dipropyl dithiophosphate and imidazole mercaptan, adding the mixture to the sodium hydroxide solution, and heating to 50°C for 0.5 hour to obtain solution 1. Trithiocarbonate is then added to solution 1, and the reaction is maintained at 50°C for 0.5 hour. After the reaction is complete, a brown to brown-black solution is obtained, which is the lead collector P1.

[0021] Preferably, the zinc collector LY comprises, calculated by weight percentage, 70-80% of N,N-dialkyl dithiocarbamate, 10-20% of alkyl dithiophosphate thioether ester, 3-5% of octanol, 0 # Diesel 5% to 10%.

[0022] Preferably, the preparation steps of zinc collector LY are: uniformly mixing N,N-dialkyl dithiocarbamate and alkyl dithiophosphate thioether ester, adding octanol and diesel, and stirring at a speed of 300 r / min for 0.5 h to obtain zinc collector LY.

[0023] Preferably, the raw ore is ground to obtain raw ore pulp with a grinding fineness of -0.074 mm accounting for 60% to 85%.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: Currently, lime and zinc sulfate are commonly added to lead flotation operations to inhibit zinc and sulfur in the raw ore pulp. These are relatively common zinc-sulfur inhibitors. Excessive use of lime can cause equipment scaling and corrosion, increasing equipment maintenance costs and causing severe environmental pollution. Excessive use of zinc sulfate can strongly inhibit zinc, requiring increased activator dosage in zinc flotation operations. This not only hinders zinc recovery but also increases reagent dosage and costs.

[0025] The present invention produces a high-efficiency and environmentally friendly inhibitor for lead flotation of zinc and sulfur in lead-zinc ore, which replaces conventional lime and zinc sulfate. The principle is to utilize the synergistic effect of inorganic and organic inhibitors to form metal chelates with various metal ions under appropriate ratios and pH conditions, thereby eliminating the inevitable ions Ca in the ore pulp. 2+ Mg 2+ etc., selectively enhance the 2+ 、Fe 2+ and Fe 3+ The inhibition of pyrite and sphalerite ultimately achieves this effect. This allows for efficient suppression of zinc and sulfur in lead flotation, reducing their contents in lead concentrate and increasing lead recovery. This process eliminates the need for the addition of strong acids or bases throughout the entire process, significantly reducing the cost of mineral processing reagents and delivering significant social and economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] Figure 1 Flow chart of the mineral processing process adopted by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solutions of the present invention are described in detail below through specific embodiments, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. The embodiments described below are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other similar embodiments made by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] In the following examples, unless otherwise specified, all pharmaceutical agents used are commercially available products. Specific experimental procedures or conditions were performed in accordance with conventional experimental procedures or conditions described in the literature in this field.

[0030] Some of the reagents selected in the various embodiments and comparative examples of the present invention are described as follows:

[0031] The inhibitor Ts2 is calculated by weight percentage and includes: 20% to 30% of sodium carbonate, 1% to 5% of humate, 1% to 5% of lignin sulfonate, 1% to 5% of bleaching powder, 10% to 20% of sodium sulfite and 50% to 60% of zinc sulfate.

[0032] Some examples of the regulator Ts2 are given below for further explanation.

[0033] Inhibitor Ts2 Example 1, sodium carbonate 30%, humate 4%, lignin sulfonate 1%, bleaching powder 5%, sodium sulfite 10%, zinc sulfate 50%.

[0034] Inhibitor Ts2 Example 2, sodium carbonate 20%, humate 1%, lignin sulfonate 5%, bleaching powder 4%, sodium sulfite 10%, zinc sulfate 60%.

[0035] Inhibitor Ts2 Example 3, sodium carbonate 21%, humate 5%, lignin sulfonate 2%, bleaching powder 1%, sodium sulfite 20%, zinc sulfate 51%.

[0036] Inhibitor Ts2 Example 4, sodium carbonate 23%, humate 3%, lignin sulfonate 3%, bleaching powder 2%, sodium sulfite 12%, zinc sulfate 57%.

[0037] Lead collector P1 comprises, by weight, 5% sodium hydroxide, 70%-80% dipropyl dithiophosphate, 5%-15% imidazole mercaptan, and 5%-15% trithiocarbonate. The preparation steps are: preparing a 10% aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, uniformly mixing dipropyl dithiophosphate and imidazole mercaptan, adding the mixture to the sodium hydroxide solution, and heating to 50°C for 0.5 hours to obtain solution 1. Trithiocarbonate is then added to solution 1 and the reaction is maintained at 50°C for 0.5 hours. Upon completion of the reaction, a brown to brownish-black solution is obtained, which is lead collector P1.

[0038] Some examples of lead collector P1 are given below for further explanation.

[0039] Lead collector P1 Example 1, sodium hydroxide 5%, dipropyl dithiophosphate 80%, imidazole mercaptan 5%, trithiocarbonate 10%.

[0040] Lead collector P1 Example 2, sodium hydroxide 5%, dipropyl dithiophosphate 70%, imidazole mercaptan 10%, trithiocarbonate 15%.

[0041] Lead collector P1 Example 3, sodium hydroxide 5%, dipropyl dithiophosphate 75%, imidazole mercaptan 15%, trithiocarbonate 5%.

[0042] Lead collector P1 Example 4, sodium hydroxide 5%, dipropyl dithiophosphate 73%, imidazole mercaptan 11%, trithiocarbonate 11%.

[0043] The zinc collector LY is calculated by weight percentage and comprises: 70-80% N,N-dialkyl dithiocarbamate, 10-20% alkyl dithiophosphate thioether ester, 3-5% octanol, and 5-10% diesel. The preparation steps are as follows: uniformly mix the N,N-dialkyl dithiocarbamate and alkyl dithiophosphate thioether ester, add octanol and 0 # Diesel, stirring at 300r / min for 0.5h, zinc collector LY was obtained.

[0044] Some examples of zinc collector LY are given below for further explanation.

[0045] Zinc collector LY Example 1, N, N-dialkyl dithiocarbamate 70%, alkyl dithiophosphate thioether 20%, octanol 3%, 0 # Diesel 7%.

[0046] Zinc collector LY Example 2, N, N-dialkyl dithiocarbamate 72%, alkyl dithiophosphate thioether 13%, octanol 5%, 0 # Diesel 10%.

[0047] Zinc collector LY Example 3, N, N-dialkyl dithiocarbamate 80%, alkyl dithiophosphate thioether 10%, octanol 5%, 0 # Diesel 5%.

[0048] Zinc collector LY Example 4, N, N-dialkyl dithiocarbamate 78%, alkyl dithiophosphate thioether 12%, octanol 4%, 0 # Diesel 6%.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] The raw ore of a lead-zinc mine in Yunnan contains 5.77% Pb, 15.52% Zn, and 29.25% S, respectively. The main useful minerals are galena, sphalerite, and pyrite, and the main gangue minerals are dolomite and calcite. The following steps are used to carry out the sequential preferential flotation of lead, zinc, and sulfur:

[0051] S1. Grinding: Grinding the raw ore to a grinding fineness of -0.074 mm (75%) to obtain raw ore slurry;

[0052] S2. Lead roughing: The slurry from step S1 was added to a flotation cell for lead preferential flotation. The lead preferential flotation process consisted of one roughing run, three scavenging runs, and three cleaning runs, yielding a lead concentrate and lead scavenging tailings. The slurry from step S1 was added with 1000 g / t of depressant Ts2 and 100 g / t of collector P1 for lead roughing, yielding a lead rougher concentrate and lead rougher tailings.

[0053] S3. Lead scavenging: 30 g / t of collector P1 is added to the lead rougher tailings obtained in step S2 to perform lead scavenging 1, to obtain lead scavenging 1 concentrate and lead scavenging 1 tailings; 15 g / t of collector P1 is added to the lead scavenging 1 tailings to perform lead scavenging 2, to obtain lead scavenging 2 concentrate and lead scavenging 2 tailings; 10 g / t of collector P1 is added to the lead scavenging 2 tailings to perform lead scavenging 3, to obtain lead scavenging 3 concentrate and lead scavenging 3 tailings, and the lead scavenging 3 tailings is the final lead scavenging tailings; the lead scavenging concentrates of each level are returned to the previous level in sequence as middlings.

[0054] S4. Lead concentration: The lead rougher concentrate obtained in step S2 is added with 200 g / t inhibitor Ts2 to carry out lead concentration 1, to obtain lead concentration 1 concentrate and lead concentration 1 tailings; 100 g / t inhibitor Ts2 is added to the lead concentration 1 concentrate to carry out lead concentration 2, to obtain lead concentration 2 concentrate and lead concentration 2 tailings; 50 g / t inhibitor Ts2 is added to the lead concentration 2 concentrate to carry out lead concentration 3, to obtain lead concentration 3 concentrate and lead concentration 3 tailings, where the lead concentration 3 concentrate is the final lead concentrate; the lead concentration tailings at each level are sequentially returned to the previous level as intermediate ore.

[0055] S5. Zinc roughing: The lead scavenging tailings obtained in step S3 were subjected to zinc preferential flotation. The zinc preferential flotation process consisted of one roughing run, three scavenging runs, and two cleaning runs to produce zinc concentrate and zinc scavenging tailings. The lead scavenging tailings obtained in step S3 were added with 500 g / t of CuSO4 activator and 80 g / t of LY collector to produce zinc roughing concentrate and zinc roughing tailings.

[0056] S6. Zinc scavenging: 30 g / t of collector LY is added to the zinc rougher tailings obtained in step S5 to carry out zinc scavenging 1, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 1 concentrate and zinc scavenging 1 tailings; 20 g / t of collector LY is added to the zinc scavenging 1 tailings to carry out zinc scavenging 2, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 2 concentrate and zinc scavenging 2 tailings; 10 g / t of collector LY is added to the zinc scavenging 2 tailings to carry out zinc scavenging 3, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 3 concentrate and zinc scavenging 3 tailings. The zinc scavenging 3 tailings are the final zinc scavenging tailings; and each zinc scavenging concentrate is sequentially returned to the previous level as a middling ore.

[0057] S7. Zinc Concentration: The zinc rougher concentrate obtained in step S5 is subjected to zinc concentration 1 without adding any reagents to obtain zinc concentration 1 concentrate and zinc concentration 1 tailings. The zinc concentration 1 concentrate is subjected to zinc concentration 2 without adding any reagents to obtain zinc concentration 2 concentrate and zinc concentration 2 tailings. The zinc concentration 2 concentrate is the final zinc concentrate. The zinc concentration tailings of each level are returned to the previous level in sequence as middlings.

[0058] S8. Sulfur roughing: The zinc scavenging tailings obtained in step S6 are subjected to sulfur flotation. The sulfur flotation is performed once for roughing, twice for scavenging and once for concentrating to obtain sulfur concentrate and tailings. The zinc scavenging tailings obtained in step S6 are added with 150g / t of collector butyl xanthate and 20g / t of frother 2 # The oil is subjected to sulfur roughing to obtain sulfur roughing concentrate and sulfur roughing tailings.

[0059] S9. Sulfur scavenging: 50 g / t of collector butanol is added to the sulfur rougher tailings obtained in step S8 to carry out sulfur scavenging 1, thereby obtaining sulfur scavenging 1 concentrate and sulfur scavenging 1 tailings. 20 g / t of collector butanol is added to the sulfur scavenging 1 tailings to carry out sulfur scavenging 2, thereby obtaining sulfur scavenging 2 concentrate and sulfur scavenging 2 tailings. The sulfur scavenging 2 tailings is the final tailings. The sulfur scavenging concentrates of each level are sequentially returned to the previous level as middlings.

[0060] S10. Sulfur concentration: The sulfur roughing concentrate obtained in step S8 is subjected to sulfur concentration without adding any reagents to obtain sulfur concentrate and sulfur concentrate tailings. The sulfur concentrate is the final sulfur concentrate, and the sulfur concentrate tailings are returned to the sulfur roughing operation as middlings.

[0061] Comparative Example 1: The raw ore is the same as that in Example 1.

[0062] S1. Grinding: Grinding the raw ore to a grinding fineness of -0.074 mm (75%) to obtain raw ore slurry;

[0063] S2. Lead roughing: The slurry from step S1 was added to a flotation cell for lead preferential flotation. The lead preferential flotation process consisted of one roughing run, three scavenging runs, and three cleaning runs, yielding lead concentrate and lead scavenging tailings. The slurry from step S1 was then added with 1500 g / t of lime as a depressant, 800 g / t of zinc sulfate as a depressant, and 100 g / t of collector P1 for lead roughing, yielding lead rougher concentrate and lead rougher tailings.

[0064] S3. Lead scavenging: 30 g / t of collector P1 is added to the lead rougher tailings obtained in step S2 to perform lead scavenging 1, to obtain lead scavenging 1 concentrate and lead scavenging 1 tailings; 15 g / t of collector P1 is added to the lead scavenging 1 tailings to perform lead scavenging 2, to obtain lead scavenging 2 concentrate and lead scavenging 2 tailings; 10 g / t of collector P1 is added to the lead scavenging 2 tailings to perform lead scavenging 3, to obtain lead scavenging 3 concentrate and lead scavenging 3 tailings, and the lead scavenging 3 tailings is the final lead scavenging tailings; the lead scavenging concentrates of each level are returned to the previous level in sequence as middlings.

[0065] S4. Lead concentration: The lead rougher concentrate obtained in step S2 is added with 200 g / t inhibitor Ts2 to carry out lead concentration 1, to obtain lead concentration 1 concentrate and lead concentration 1 tailings; 100 g / t inhibitor Ts2 is added to the lead concentration 1 concentrate to carry out lead concentration 2, to obtain lead concentration 2 concentrate and lead concentration 2 tailings; 50 g / t inhibitor Ts2 is added to the lead concentration 2 concentrate to carry out lead concentration 3, to obtain lead concentration 3 concentrate and lead concentration 3 tailings, where the lead concentration 3 concentrate is the final lead concentrate; the lead concentration tailings at each level are sequentially returned to the previous level as intermediate ore.

[0066] S5. Zinc roughing: The lead scavenging tailings obtained in step S3 were subjected to zinc preferential flotation. The zinc preferential flotation process consisted of one roughing run, three scavenging runs, and two cleaning runs to produce zinc concentrate and zinc scavenging tailings. The lead scavenging tailings obtained in step S3 were added with 600 g / t of CuSO4 activator and 90 g / t of LY collector to produce zinc roughing concentrate and zinc roughing tailings.

[0067] S6. Zinc scavenging: 35 g / t of collector LY is added to the zinc rougher tailings obtained in step S5 to carry out zinc scavenging 1, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 1 concentrate and zinc scavenging 1 tailings; 20 g / t of collector LY is added to the zinc scavenging 1 tailings to carry out zinc scavenging 2, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 2 concentrate and zinc scavenging 2 tailings; 10 g / t of collector LY is added to the zinc scavenging 2 tailings to carry out zinc scavenging 3, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 3 concentrate and zinc scavenging 3 tailings. The zinc scavenging 3 tailings are the final zinc scavenging tailings; and each zinc scavenging concentrate is sequentially returned to the previous level as a middling ore.

[0068] S7. Zinc Concentration: The zinc rougher concentrate obtained in step S5 is subjected to zinc concentration 1 without adding any reagents to obtain zinc concentration 1 concentrate and zinc concentration 1 tailings. The zinc concentration 1 concentrate is subjected to zinc concentration 2 without adding any reagents to obtain zinc concentration 2 concentrate and zinc concentration 2 tailings. The zinc concentration 2 concentrate is the final zinc concentrate. The zinc concentration tailings of each level are returned to the previous level in sequence as middlings.

[0069] S8. Sulfur roughing: The zinc scavenging tailings obtained in step S6 are subjected to sulfur flotation. The sulfur flotation is performed once for roughing, twice for scavenging and once for concentrating to obtain sulfur concentrate and tailings. The zinc scavenging tailings obtained in step S6 are added with 500g / t of activator sulfuric acid, 180g / t of collector butyl xanthate and 20g / t of frother 2 # The oil is subjected to sulfur roughing to obtain sulfur roughing concentrate and sulfur roughing tailings.

[0070] S9. Sulfur scavenging: 50 g / t of collector butanol is added to the sulfur rougher tailings obtained in step S8 to carry out sulfur scavenging 1, thereby obtaining sulfur scavenging 1 concentrate and sulfur scavenging 1 tailings. 30 g / t of collector butanol is added to the sulfur scavenging 1 tailings to carry out sulfur scavenging 2, thereby obtaining sulfur scavenging 2 concentrate and sulfur scavenging 2 tailings. The sulfur scavenging 2 tailings is the final tailings. The sulfur scavenging concentrates of each level are sequentially returned to the previous level as middlings.

[0071] S10. Sulfur concentration: The sulfur roughing concentrate obtained in step S8 is subjected to sulfur concentration without adding any reagents to obtain sulfur concentrate and sulfur concentrate tailings. The sulfur concentrate is the final sulfur concentrate, and the sulfur concentrate tailings are returned to the sulfur roughing operation as middlings.

[0072] Example 2

[0073] The Pb, Zn, and S contents of a lead-zinc mine in Yunnan are 6.77%, 20.54%, and 28.56%, respectively. The main useful minerals are galena, sphalerite, and pyrite, and the gangue minerals are mainly dolomite, calcite, and muscovite. The following steps are used to carry out the sequential preferential flotation of lead, zinc, and sulfur:

[0074] S1. Grinding: Grinding the raw ore to a grinding fineness of -0.074 mm (73%) to obtain raw ore slurry;

[0075] S2. Lead roughing: The slurry from step S1 was added to a flotation cell for lead preferential flotation. The lead preferential flotation process consisted of one roughing run, three scavenging runs, and three cleaning runs, yielding a lead concentrate and lead scavenging tailings. The slurry from step S1 was added with 1200 g / t of depressant Ts2 and 120 g / t of collector P1 for lead roughing, yielding a lead rougher concentrate and lead rougher tailings.

[0076] S3. Lead scavenging: 40 g / t of collector P1 is added to the lead rougher tailings obtained in step S2 to perform lead scavenging 1, thereby obtaining lead scavenging 1 concentrate and lead scavenging 1 tailings; 20 g / t of collector P1 is added to the lead scavenging 1 tailings to perform lead scavenging 2, thereby obtaining lead scavenging 2 concentrate and lead scavenging 2 tailings; 15 g / t of collector P1 is added to the lead scavenging 2 tailings to perform lead scavenging 3, thereby obtaining lead scavenging 3 concentrate and lead scavenging 3 tailings. The lead scavenging 3 tailings are the final lead scavenging tailings; the lead scavenging concentrates of each level are sequentially returned to the previous level as middlings.

[0077] S4. Lead concentration: The lead rougher concentrate obtained in step S2 is added with 300 g / t inhibitor Ts2 to carry out lead concentration 1, to obtain lead concentration 1 concentrate and lead concentration 1 tailings; the lead concentration 1 concentrate is added with 200 g / t inhibitor Ts2 to carry out lead concentration 2, to obtain lead concentration 2 concentrate and lead concentration 2 tailings; the lead concentration 2 concentrate is added with 100 g / t inhibitor Ts2 to carry out lead concentration 3, to obtain lead concentration 3 concentrate and lead concentration 3 tailings, where the lead concentration 3 concentrate is the final lead concentrate; the lead concentration tailings of each level are returned to the previous level in sequence as intermediate ore.

[0078] S5. Zinc roughing: The lead scavenging tailings obtained in step S3 are subjected to zinc preferential flotation. The zinc preferential flotation is performed through two roughing rounds, three scavenging rounds, and one concentrating round to obtain zinc concentrate and zinc scavenging tailings. The lead scavenging 3 tailings obtained in step S3 are added with 600 g / t of activator CuSO4 and 100 g / t of collector LY to perform zinc roughing 1, obtaining zinc roughing 1 concentrate and zinc roughing 1 tailings. The zinc roughing 1 tailings are added with 30 g / t of collector LY to perform zinc roughing 2, obtaining zinc roughing 2 concentrate and zinc roughing 2 tailings. The zinc roughing 1 concentrate and zinc roughing 2 concentrate are combined to form a zinc roughing concentrate.

[0079] S6. Zinc scavenging: 40 g / t of collector LY is added to the zinc rougher 2 tailings obtained in step S5 to carry out zinc scavenging 1, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 1 concentrate and zinc scavenging 1 tailings; 25 g / t of collector LY is added to the zinc scavenging 1 tailings to carry out zinc scavenging 2, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 2 concentrate and zinc scavenging 2 tailings; 15 g / t of collector LY is added to the zinc scavenging 2 tailings to carry out zinc scavenging 3, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 3 concentrate and zinc scavenging 3 tailings. The zinc scavenging 3 tailings are the final zinc scavenging tailings; and each zinc scavenging concentrate is sequentially returned to the previous level as middlings.

[0080] S7. Zinc Concentration: The zinc rougher concentrate obtained in step S5 is subjected to zinc concentration 1 without adding any reagents to obtain zinc concentration 1 concentrate and zinc concentration 1 tailings; the zinc concentration 1 concentrate is the final zinc concentrate; the zinc concentration 1 tailings are returned to zinc rougher 1.

[0081] S8. Sulfur roughing: The zinc scavenging tailings obtained in step S6 are subjected to sulfur flotation. The sulfur flotation is performed once for roughing, twice for scavenging and once for concentrating to obtain sulfur concentrate and tailings. The zinc scavenging tailings obtained in step S6 are added with 180g / t of collector butyl xanthate and 20g / t of frother 2 # The oil is subjected to sulfur roughing to obtain sulfur roughing concentrate and sulfur roughing tailings.

[0082] S9. Sulfur scavenging: 50 g / t of collector butanol is added to the sulfur rougher tailings obtained in step S8 to carry out sulfur scavenging 1, thereby obtaining sulfur scavenging 1 concentrate and sulfur scavenging 1 tailings. 30 g / t of collector butanol is added to the sulfur scavenging 1 tailings to carry out sulfur scavenging 2, thereby obtaining sulfur scavenging 2 concentrate and sulfur scavenging 2 tailings. The sulfur scavenging 2 tailings is the final tailings. The sulfur scavenging concentrates of each level are sequentially returned to the previous level as middlings.

[0083] S10. Sulfur concentration: The sulfur roughing concentrate obtained in step S8 is subjected to sulfur concentration without adding any reagents to obtain sulfur concentrate and sulfur concentrate tailings. The sulfur concentrate is the final sulfur concentrate, and the sulfur concentrate tailings are returned to the sulfur roughing operation as middlings.

[0084] Comparative Example 2: The raw ore is the same as that in Example 2.

[0085] S1. Grinding: Grinding the raw ore to a grinding fineness of -0.074 mm (73%) to obtain raw ore slurry;

[0086] S2. Lead roughing: The slurry from step S1 was added to a flotation cell for lead preferential flotation. The lead preferential flotation process consisted of one roughing run, three scavenging runs, and three cleaning runs, yielding lead concentrate and lead scavenging tailings. The slurry from step S1 was then added with 2000 g / t of lime as a depressant, 1200 g / t of zinc sulfate as a depressant, and 120 g / t of collector P1 for lead roughing, yielding lead rougher concentrate and lead rougher tailings.

[0087] S3. Lead scavenging: 40 g / t of collector P1 is added to the lead rougher tailings obtained in step S2 to perform lead scavenging 1, thereby obtaining lead scavenging 1 concentrate and lead scavenging 1 tailings; 20 g / t of collector P1 is added to the lead scavenging 1 tailings to perform lead scavenging 2, thereby obtaining lead scavenging 2 concentrate and lead scavenging 2 tailings; 15 g / t of collector P1 is added to the lead scavenging 2 tailings to perform lead scavenging 3, thereby obtaining lead scavenging 3 concentrate and lead scavenging 3 tailings. The lead scavenging 3 tailings are the final lead scavenging tailings; the lead scavenging concentrates of each level are sequentially returned to the previous level as middlings.

[0088] S4. Lead concentration: The lead rougher concentrate obtained in step S2 is added with 300 g / t inhibitor Ts2 to carry out lead concentration 1, to obtain lead concentration 1 concentrate and lead concentration 1 tailings; the lead concentration 1 concentrate is added with 200 g / t inhibitor Ts2 to carry out lead concentration 2, to obtain lead concentration 2 concentrate and lead concentration 2 tailings; the lead concentration 2 concentrate is added with 100 g / t inhibitor Ts2 to carry out lead concentration 3, to obtain lead concentration 3 concentrate and lead concentration 3 tailings, where the lead concentration 3 concentrate is the final lead concentrate; the lead concentration tailings of each level are returned to the previous level in sequence as intermediate ore.

[0089] S5. Zinc roughing: The lead scavenging tailings obtained in step S3 are subjected to zinc preferential flotation. The zinc preferential flotation is performed through two roughing rounds, three scavenging rounds, and one concentrating round to obtain zinc concentrate and zinc scavenging tailings. The lead scavenging 3 tailings obtained in step S3 are added with 700 g / t of activator CuSO4 and 110 g / t of collector LY to perform zinc roughing 1, obtaining zinc roughing 1 concentrate and zinc roughing 1 tailings. The zinc roughing 1 tailings are added with 30 g / t of collector LY to perform zinc roughing 2, obtaining zinc roughing 2 concentrate and zinc roughing 2 tailings. The zinc roughing 1 concentrate and zinc roughing 2 concentrate are combined to form a zinc roughing concentrate.

[0090] S6. Zinc scavenging: 45 g / t of collector LY is added to the zinc rougher 2 tailings obtained in step S5 to carry out zinc scavenging 1, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 1 concentrate and zinc scavenging 1 tailings; 25 g / t of collector LY is added to the zinc scavenging 1 tailings to carry out zinc scavenging 2, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 2 concentrate and zinc scavenging 2 tailings; 20 g / t of collector LY is added to the zinc scavenging 2 tailings to carry out zinc scavenging 3, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 3 concentrate and zinc scavenging 3 tailings. The zinc scavenging 3 tailings are the final zinc scavenging tailings; and each zinc scavenging concentrate is sequentially returned to the previous level as middlings.

[0091] S7. Zinc Concentration: The zinc rougher concentrate obtained in step S5 is subjected to zinc concentration 1 without adding any reagents to obtain zinc concentration 1 concentrate and zinc concentration 1 tailings; the zinc concentration 1 concentrate is the final zinc concentrate; the zinc concentration 1 tailings are returned to zinc rougher 1.

[0092] S8. Sulfur roughing: The zinc scavenging tailings obtained in step S6 are subjected to sulfur flotation. The sulfur flotation is performed once for roughing, twice for scavenging and once for concentrating to obtain sulfur concentrate and tailings. 800g / t of activator sulfuric acid, 200g / t of collector butyl xanthate and 20g / t of frother 2 are added to the zinc scavenging tailings obtained in step S6. # The oil is subjected to sulfur roughing to obtain sulfur roughing concentrate and sulfur roughing tailings.

[0093] S9. Sulfur scavenging: 60 g / t of collector butyl xanthate is added to the sulfur rougher tailings obtained in step S8 to carry out sulfur scavenging 1 to obtain sulfur scavenging 1 concentrate and sulfur scavenging 1 tailings; 30 g / t of collector butyl xanthate is added to the sulfur scavenging 1 tailings to carry out sulfur scavenging 2 to obtain sulfur scavenging 2 concentrate and sulfur scavenging 2 tailings, and the sulfur scavenging 2 tailings is the final tailings; the sulfur scavenging concentrates of each level are returned to the previous level in sequence as middlings.

[0094] S10. Sulfur concentration: The sulfur roughing concentrate obtained in step S8 is subjected to sulfur concentration without adding any reagents to obtain sulfur concentrate and sulfur concentrate tailings. The sulfur concentrate is the final sulfur concentrate, and the sulfur concentrate tailings are returned to the sulfur roughing operation as middlings.

[0095] Example 3

[0096] The Pb, Zn, and S contents of a lead-zinc mine in Inner Mongolia are 3.14%, 2.93%, and 22.36%, respectively. The main useful minerals are galena, sphalerite, and pyrite, and the gangue minerals are mainly quartz, muscovite, and kaolinite. The lead, zinc, and sulfur flotation sequence is carried out in the following steps:

[0097] S1. Grinding: Grinding the raw ore to a grinding fineness of -0.074mm accounting for 70% to obtain raw ore slurry;

[0098] S2. Lead roughing: The slurry from step S1 was added to a flotation cell for lead preferential flotation. The lead preferential flotation process consisted of one roughing run, three scavenging runs, and three cleaning runs, yielding a lead concentrate and lead scavenging tailings. The slurry from step S1 was added with 800 g / t of depressant Ts2 and 70 g / t of collector P1 for lead roughing, yielding a lead rougher concentrate and lead rougher tailings.

[0099] S3. Lead scavenging: 20 g / t of collector P1 is added to the lead rougher tailings obtained in step S2 to perform lead scavenging 1, thereby obtaining lead scavenging 1 concentrate and lead scavenging 1 tailings; 10 g / t of collector P1 is added to the lead scavenging 1 tailings to perform lead scavenging 2, thereby obtaining lead scavenging 2 concentrate and lead scavenging 2 tailings; 5 g / t of collector P1 is added to the lead scavenging 2 tailings to perform lead scavenging 3, thereby obtaining lead scavenging 3 concentrate and lead scavenging 3 tailings. The lead scavenging 3 tailings are the final lead scavenging tailings; the lead scavenging concentrates of each level are sequentially returned to the previous level as middlings.

[0100] S4. Lead concentration: 130 g / t inhibitor Ts2 is added to the obtained lead rougher concentrate to carry out lead concentration 1, to obtain lead concentration 1 concentrate and lead concentration 1 tailings; 80 g / t inhibitor Ts2 is added to the lead concentration 1 concentrate to carry out lead concentration 2, to obtain lead concentration 2 concentrate and lead concentration 2 tailings; 50 g / t inhibitor Ts2 is added to the lead concentration 2 concentrate to carry out lead concentration 3, to obtain lead concentration 3 concentrate and lead concentration 3 tailings, and the lead concentration 3 concentrate is the final lead concentrate; the lead concentration tailings of each level are returned to the previous level in sequence as intermediate ore.

[0101] S5. Zinc roughing: The lead scavenging tailings obtained in step S3 were subjected to zinc preferential flotation. The zinc preferential flotation process consisted of one roughing run, three scavenging runs, and two cleaning runs to produce zinc concentrate and zinc scavenging tailings. The lead scavenging tailings obtained in step S3 were added with 300 g / t of activator CuSO4 and 60 g / t of collector LY to produce zinc roughing concentrate and zinc roughing tailings.

[0102] S6. Zinc scavenging: 20 g / t of collector LY is added to the zinc rougher tailings obtained in step S5 to carry out zinc scavenging 1, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 1 concentrate and zinc scavenging 1 tailings; 10 g / t of collector LY is added to the zinc scavenging 1 tailings to carry out zinc scavenging 2, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 2 concentrate and zinc scavenging 2 tailings; 5 g / t of collector LY is added to the zinc scavenging 2 tailings to carry out zinc scavenging 3, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 3 concentrate and zinc scavenging 3 tailings. The zinc scavenging 3 tailings are the final zinc scavenging tailings; and each zinc scavenging concentrate is sequentially returned to the previous level as a middling ore.

[0103] S7. Zinc Concentration: The zinc rougher concentrate obtained in step S5 is subjected to zinc concentration 1 without adding any reagents to obtain zinc concentration 1 concentrate and zinc concentration 1 tailings. The zinc concentration 1 concentrate is subjected to zinc concentration 2 without adding any reagents to obtain zinc concentration 2 concentrate and zinc concentration 2 tailings. The zinc concentration 2 concentrate is the final zinc concentrate. The zinc concentration tailings of each level are returned to the previous level in sequence as middlings.

[0104] S8. Sulfur roughing: The zinc scavenging tailings obtained in step S6 are subjected to sulfur flotation. The sulfur flotation is performed once for roughing, twice for scavenging and once for concentrating to obtain sulfur concentrate and tailings. The zinc scavenging tailings obtained in step S6 are added with 140g / t of collector butyl xanthate and 20g / t of frother 2 # The oil is subjected to sulfur roughing to obtain sulfur roughing concentrate and sulfur roughing tailings.

[0105] S9. Sulfur scavenging: 45 g / t of butyl xanthate collector is added to the sulfur rougher tailings obtained in step S8 to carry out sulfur scavenging 1, thereby obtaining sulfur scavenging 1 concentrate and sulfur scavenging 1 tailings. 15 g / t of butyl xanthate collector is added to the sulfur scavenging 1 tailings to carry out sulfur scavenging 2, thereby obtaining sulfur scavenging 2 concentrate and sulfur scavenging 2 tailings. The sulfur scavenging 2 tailings is the final tailings. The sulfur scavenging concentrates of each level are sequentially returned to the previous level as middlings.

[0106] S10. Sulfur concentration: The sulfur roughing concentrate obtained in step S8 is subjected to sulfur concentration without adding any reagents to obtain sulfur concentrate and sulfur concentrate tailings. The sulfur concentrate is the final sulfur concentrate, and the sulfur concentrate tailings are returned to the sulfur roughing operation as middlings.

[0107] Comparative Example 3: The raw ore is the same as that in Example 3.

[0108] S1. Grinding: Grinding the raw ore to a grinding fineness of -0.074mm accounting for 70% to obtain raw ore slurry;

[0109] S2. Lead roughing: The pulp obtained in step S1 was added to a flotation cell for lead preferential flotation. The lead preferential flotation process consisted of one roughing operation, three scavenging operations, and three cleaning operations, yielding a lead concentrate and lead scavenging tailings. The pulp obtained in step S1 was added with 1500 g / t lime, 700 g / t zinc sulfate, and 80 g / t collector P1 for lead roughing, yielding a lead rougher concentrate and lead rougher tailings.

[0110] S3. Lead scavenging: 25 g / t of collector P1 is added to the lead rougher tailings obtained in step S2 to perform lead scavenging 1, thereby obtaining lead scavenging 1 concentrate and lead scavenging 1 tailings; 10 g / t of collector P1 is added to the lead scavenging 1 tailings to perform lead scavenging 2, thereby obtaining lead scavenging 2 concentrate and lead scavenging 2 tailings; 5 g / t of collector P1 is added to the lead scavenging 2 tailings to perform lead scavenging 3, thereby obtaining lead scavenging 3 concentrate and lead scavenging 3 tailings. The lead scavenging 3 tailings are the final lead scavenging tailings; the lead scavenging concentrates of each level are sequentially returned to the previous level as middlings.

[0111] S4. Lead concentration: 130 g / t inhibitor Ts2 is added to the obtained lead rougher concentrate to carry out lead concentration 1, to obtain lead concentration 1 concentrate and lead concentration 1 tailings; 80 g / t inhibitor Ts2 is added to the lead concentration 1 concentrate to carry out lead concentration 2, to obtain lead concentration 2 concentrate and lead concentration 2 tailings; 50 g / t inhibitor Ts2 is added to the lead concentration 2 concentrate to carry out lead concentration 3, to obtain lead concentration 3 concentrate and lead concentration 3 tailings, and the lead concentration 3 concentrate is the final lead concentrate; the lead concentration tailings of each level are returned to the previous level in sequence as intermediate ore.

[0112] S5. Zinc roughing: The lead scavenging tailings obtained in step S3 were subjected to zinc preferential flotation. The zinc preferential flotation process consisted of one roughing run, three scavenging runs, and two cleaning runs to produce zinc concentrate and zinc scavenging tailings. The lead scavenging tailings obtained in step S3 were added with 350 g / t of activator CuSO4 and 65 g / t of collector LY to produce zinc roughing concentrate and zinc roughing tailings.

[0113] S6. Zinc scavenging: 25 g / t of collector LY is added to the zinc rougher tailings obtained in step S5 to carry out zinc scavenging 1, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 1 concentrate and zinc scavenging 1 tailings; 10 g / t of collector LY is added to the zinc scavenging 1 tailings to carry out zinc scavenging 2, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 2 concentrate and zinc scavenging 2 tailings; 5 g / t of collector LY is added to the zinc scavenging 2 tailings to carry out zinc scavenging 3, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 3 concentrate and zinc scavenging 3 tailings. The zinc scavenging 3 tailings are the final zinc scavenging tailings; and each zinc scavenging concentrate is sequentially returned to the previous level as a middling ore.

[0114] S7. Zinc Concentration: The zinc rougher concentrate obtained in step S5 is subjected to zinc concentration 1 without adding any reagents to obtain zinc concentration 1 concentrate and zinc concentration 1 tailings. The zinc concentration 1 concentrate is subjected to zinc concentration 2 without adding any reagents to obtain zinc concentration 2 concentrate and zinc concentration 2 tailings. The zinc concentration 2 concentrate is the final zinc concentrate. The zinc concentration tailings of each level are returned to the previous level in sequence as middlings.

[0115] S8. Sulfur roughing: The zinc scavenging tailings obtained in step S6 are subjected to sulfur flotation. The sulfur flotation is performed once for roughing, twice for scavenging and once for concentrating to obtain sulfur concentrate and tailings. 400 g / t of sulfuric acid as an activator, 150 g / t of xanthate as a collector and 20 g / t of frother 2 are added to the zinc scavenging tailings obtained in step S6. # The oil is subjected to sulfur roughing to obtain sulfur roughing concentrate and sulfur roughing tailings.

[0116] S9. Sulfur scavenging: 55 g / t of butyl xanthate collector is added to the sulfur rougher tailings obtained in step S8 to carry out sulfur scavenging 1, thereby obtaining sulfur scavenging 1 concentrate and sulfur scavenging 1 tailings. 15 g / t of butyl xanthate collector is added to the sulfur scavenging 1 tailings to carry out sulfur scavenging 2, thereby obtaining sulfur scavenging 2 concentrate and sulfur scavenging 2 tailings. The sulfur scavenging 2 tailings is the final tailings. The sulfur scavenging concentrates of each level are sequentially returned to the previous level as middlings.

[0117] S10. Sulfur concentration: The sulfur roughing concentrate obtained in step S8 is subjected to sulfur concentration without adding any reagents to obtain sulfur concentrate and sulfur concentrate tailings. The sulfur concentrate is the final sulfur concentrate, and the sulfur concentrate tailings are returned to the sulfur roughing operation as middlings.

[0118] Example 4

[0119] The Pb, Zn, and S contents of a lead-zinc mine in Guangxi are 0.72%, 2.68%, and 7.66%, respectively. The main useful minerals are galena, sphalerite, and pyrite, and the gangue minerals are mainly barite, dolomite, quartz, and mica. The following steps are used to carry out the sequential preferential flotation of lead, zinc, and sulfur:

[0120] S1. Grinding: Grinding the raw ore to a grinding fineness of -0.074 mm (80%) to obtain raw ore slurry;

[0121] S2. Lead roughing: The slurry from step S1 was added to a flotation cell for lead preferential flotation. The lead preferential flotation process consisted of one roughing run, three scavenging runs, and three cleaning runs, yielding a lead concentrate and lead scavenging tailings. The slurry from step S1 was added with 800 g / t of depressant Ts2 and 60 g / t of collector P1 for lead roughing, yielding a lead rougher concentrate and lead rougher tailings.

[0122] S3. Lead scavenging: 20 g / t of collector P1 is added to the lead rougher tailings obtained in step S2 to perform lead scavenging 1, thereby obtaining lead scavenging 1 concentrate and lead scavenging 1 tailings; 10 g / t of collector P1 is added to the lead scavenging 1 tailings to perform lead scavenging 2, thereby obtaining lead scavenging 2 concentrate and lead scavenging 2 tailings; 5 g / t of collector P1 is added to the lead scavenging 2 tailings to perform lead scavenging 3, thereby obtaining lead scavenging 3 concentrate and lead scavenging 3 tailings. The lead scavenging 3 tailings are the final lead scavenging tailings; the lead scavenging concentrates of each level are sequentially returned to the previous level as middlings.

[0123] S4. Lead concentration: The lead rougher concentrate obtained in step S2 is added with 150 g / t inhibitor Ts2 to carry out lead concentration 1, to obtain lead concentration 1 concentrate and lead concentration 1 tailings; 80 g / t inhibitor Ts2 is added to the lead concentration 1 concentrate to carry out lead concentration 2, to obtain lead concentration 2 concentrate and lead concentration 2 tailings; 30 g / t inhibitor Ts2 is added to the lead concentration 2 concentrate to carry out lead concentration 3, to obtain lead concentration 3 concentrate and lead concentration 3 tailings, where the lead concentration 3 concentrate is the final lead concentrate; the lead concentration tailings at each level are sequentially returned to the previous level as intermediate ore.

[0124] S5. Zinc roughing: The lead scavenging tailings obtained in step S3 were subjected to zinc preferential flotation. The zinc preferential flotation process consisted of one roughing run, three scavenging runs, and three cleaning runs to produce zinc concentrate and zinc scavenging tailings. The lead scavenging tailings obtained in step S3 were added with 300 g / t of activator CuSO4 and 60 g / t of collector LY to produce zinc roughing concentrate and zinc roughing tailings.

[0125] S6. Zinc scavenging: 30 g / t of collector LY is added to the zinc rougher tailings obtained in step S5 to carry out zinc scavenging 1, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 1 concentrate and zinc scavenging 1 tailings; 20 g / t of collector LY is added to the zinc scavenging 1 tailings to carry out zinc scavenging 2, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 2 concentrate and zinc scavenging 2 tailings; 10 g / t of collector LY is added to the zinc scavenging 2 tailings to carry out zinc scavenging 3, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 3 concentrate and zinc scavenging 3 tailings. The zinc scavenging 3 tailings are the final zinc scavenging tailings; and each zinc scavenging concentrate is sequentially returned to the previous level as a middling ore.

[0126] S7. Zinc concentration: The zinc rougher concentrate obtained in step S5 is subjected to zinc concentration 1 without adding any reagents to obtain zinc concentration 1 concentrate and zinc concentration 1 tailings; the zinc concentration 1 concentrate is subjected to zinc concentration 2 without adding any reagents to obtain zinc concentration 2 concentrate and zinc concentration 2 tailings; the zinc concentration 2 concentrate is subjected to zinc concentration 3 without adding any reagents to obtain zinc concentration 3 concentrate and zinc concentration 3 tailings, and the zinc concentration 3 concentrate is the final zinc concentrate; the zinc concentration tailings of each level are sequentially returned to the previous level as middlings.

[0127] S8. Sulfur roughing: The zinc scavenging tailings obtained in step S6 are subjected to sulfur flotation. The sulfur flotation is performed once for roughing, three times for scavenging and two times for concentrating to obtain sulfur concentrate and tailings. The zinc scavenging tailings obtained in step S6 are added with 80g / t of collector butyl xanthate and 20g / t of frother 2 # The oil is subjected to sulfur roughing to obtain sulfur roughing concentrate and sulfur roughing tailings.

[0128] S9. Sulfur scavenging: 30 g / t of collector butanol is added to the sulfur rougher tailings obtained in step S8 to carry out sulfur scavenging 1, to obtain sulfur scavenging 1 concentrate and sulfur scavenging 1 tailings; 10 g / t of collector butanol is added to the sulfur scavenging 1 tailings to carry out sulfur scavenging 2, to obtain sulfur scavenging 2 concentrate and sulfur scavenging 2 tailings; 5 g / t of collector butanol is added to the sulfur scavenging 2 tailings to carry out sulfur scavenging 3, to obtain sulfur scavenging 3 concentrate and sulfur scavenging 3 tailings, and the sulfur scavenging 3 tailings is the final tailings; the sulfur scavenging concentrates of each level are returned to the previous level in sequence as middlings.

[0129] S10. Sulfur concentration: The sulfur roughing concentrate obtained in step S8 is subjected to sulfur concentration 1 without adding any reagents to obtain sulfur concentration 1 concentrate and sulfur concentration 1 tailings; the sulfur concentration 1 concentrate is subjected to sulfur concentration 2 without adding any reagents to obtain sulfur concentration 2 concentrate and sulfur concentration 2 tailings. The sulfur concentration 2 concentrate is the final sulfur concentrate, and the sulfur concentration tailings of each level are returned to the previous level in sequence.

[0130] Comparative Example 4: The raw ore is the same as that in Example 4.

[0131] S1. Grinding: Grinding the raw ore to a grinding fineness of -0.074 mm (80%) to obtain raw ore slurry;

[0132] S2. Lead roughing: The pulp obtained in step S1 was added to a flotation cell for lead preferential flotation. The lead preferential flotation process consisted of one roughing operation, three scavenging operations, and three cleaning operations, yielding a lead concentrate and lead scavenging tailings. The pulp obtained in step S1 was added with 1000 g / t lime, 600 g / t zinc sulfate, and 60 g / t collector P1 for lead roughing, yielding a lead rougher concentrate and lead rougher tailings.

[0133] S3. Lead scavenging: 20 g / t of collector P1 is added to the lead rougher tailings obtained in step S2 to perform lead scavenging 1, thereby obtaining lead scavenging 1 concentrate and lead scavenging 1 tailings; 10 g / t of collector P1 is added to the lead scavenging 1 tailings to perform lead scavenging 2, thereby obtaining lead scavenging 2 concentrate and lead scavenging 2 tailings; 5 g / t of collector P1 is added to the lead scavenging 2 tailings to perform lead scavenging 3, thereby obtaining lead scavenging 3 concentrate and lead scavenging 3 tailings. The lead scavenging 3 tailings are the final lead scavenging tailings; the lead scavenging concentrates of each level are sequentially returned to the previous level as middlings.

[0134] S4. Lead concentration: The lead rougher concentrate obtained in step S2 is added with 150 g / t inhibitor Ts2 to carry out lead concentration 1, to obtain lead concentration 1 concentrate and lead concentration 1 tailings; 80 g / t inhibitor Ts2 is added to the lead concentration 1 concentrate to carry out lead concentration 2, to obtain lead concentration 2 concentrate and lead concentration 2 tailings; 30 g / t inhibitor Ts2 is added to the lead concentration 2 concentrate to carry out lead concentration 3, to obtain lead concentration 3 concentrate and lead concentration 3 tailings, where the lead concentration 3 concentrate is the final lead concentrate; the lead concentration tailings at each level are sequentially returned to the previous level as intermediate ore.

[0135] S5. Zinc roughing: The lead scavenging tailings obtained in step S3 were subjected to zinc preferential flotation. The zinc preferential flotation process consisted of one roughing run, three scavenging runs, and three cleaning runs to produce zinc concentrate and zinc scavenging tailings. The lead scavenging tailings obtained in step S3 were added with 350 g / t of activator CuSO4 and 70 g / t of collector LY to produce zinc roughing concentrate and zinc roughing tailings.

[0136] S6. Zinc scavenging: 35 g / t of collector LY is added to the zinc rougher tailings obtained in step S5 to carry out zinc scavenging 1, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 1 concentrate and zinc scavenging 1 tailings; 20 g / t of collector LY is added to the zinc scavenging 1 tailings to carry out zinc scavenging 2, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 2 concentrate and zinc scavenging 2 tailings; 10 g / t of collector LY is added to the zinc scavenging 2 tailings to carry out zinc scavenging 3, thereby obtaining zinc scavenging 3 concentrate and zinc scavenging 3 tailings. The zinc scavenging 3 tailings are the final zinc scavenging tailings; and each zinc scavenging concentrate is sequentially returned to the previous level as a middling ore.

[0137] S7. Zinc concentration: The zinc rougher concentrate obtained in step S5 is subjected to zinc concentration 1 without adding any reagents to obtain zinc concentration 1 concentrate and zinc concentration 1 tailings; the zinc concentration 1 concentrate is subjected to zinc concentration 2 without adding any reagents to obtain zinc concentration 2 concentrate and zinc concentration 2 tailings; the zinc concentration 2 concentrate is subjected to zinc concentration 3 without adding any reagents to obtain zinc concentration 3 concentrate and zinc concentration 3 tailings, and the zinc concentration 3 concentrate is the final zinc concentrate; the zinc concentration tailings of each level are sequentially returned to the previous level as middlings.

[0138] S8. Sulfur roughing: The zinc scavenging tailings obtained in step S6 are subjected to sulfur flotation. The sulfur flotation is performed through one roughing, three scavenging and two concentrating to obtain sulfur concentrate and tailings. The zinc scavenging tailings obtained in step S6 are added with 300g / t activator sulfuric acid, 100g / t collector butyl xanthate and 20g / t frother 2 # The oil is subjected to sulfur roughing to obtain sulfur roughing concentrate and sulfur roughing tailings.

[0139] S9. Sulfur scavenging: 30 g / t of collector butanol is added to the sulfur rougher tailings obtained in step S8 to carry out sulfur scavenging 1, to obtain sulfur scavenging 1 concentrate and sulfur scavenging 1 tailings; 15 g / t of collector butanol is added to the sulfur scavenging 1 tailings to carry out sulfur scavenging 2, to obtain sulfur scavenging 2 concentrate and sulfur scavenging 2 tailings; 5 g / t of collector butanol is added to the sulfur scavenging 2 tailings to carry out sulfur scavenging 3, to obtain sulfur scavenging 3 concentrate and sulfur scavenging 3 tailings, and the sulfur scavenging 3 tailings is the final tailings; the sulfur scavenging concentrates of each level are returned to the previous level in sequence as middlings.

[0140] S10. Sulfur concentration: The sulfur roughing concentrate obtained in step S8 is subjected to sulfur concentration 1 without adding any reagents to obtain sulfur concentration 1 concentrate and sulfur concentration 1 tailings; the sulfur concentration 1 concentrate is subjected to sulfur concentration 2 without adding any reagents to obtain sulfur concentration 2 concentrate and sulfur concentration 2 tailings. The sulfur concentration 2 concentrate is the final sulfur concentrate, and the sulfur concentration tailings of each level are returned to the previous level in sequence.

[0141] Table 2 Test results

[0142]

[0143]

[0144] The above examples illustrate that the method provided by the present invention, using the inhibitor of the present invention to suppress zinc and sulfur, can produce a lead concentrate with higher grade and recovery rate through lead preferential flotation, using the same raw ore and the same collector. Zinc loss in the lead concentrate is minimized, and zinc recovery in the lead tailings is higher, further demonstrating that the inhibitory effect is superior to that of conventional lime and zinc sulfate. Furthermore, the addition of lime increases the dosage of the activator CuSO4 and collector LY in zinc flotation in the comparative example, while the addition of the activator sulfuric acid and the collector xanthate increase in sulfur flotation. Therefore, by comparison, the present invention reduces the amount of beneficiation reagents used, resulting in lower reagent costs.

Claims

1. A lead-zinc ore beneficiation method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: i. Grinding: Grinding the raw ore to obtain raw ore slurry; ii. Lead flotation: including lead roughing, lead scavenging and lead concentration. The depressant Ts2 is added to the raw ore pulp, stirred, and then the lead collector P1 is added to perform lead roughing to obtain lead rougher concentrate and lead rougher tailings. The depressant Ts2 is added multiple times to the lead rougher concentrate to perform multiple lead concentration operations, and the lead collector P1 is added multiple times to the lead rougher tailings to perform multiple lead scavenging operations to obtain lead concentrate and lead tailings. The depressant Ts2, calculated by weight percentage, includes: 20% to 30% sodium carbonate, 1% to 5% humate, 1% to 5% lignin sulfonate, 1% to 5% bleaching powder, 10% to 20% sodium sulfite, and 50% to 60% zinc sulfate. The lead collector P1, calculated by weight percentage, includes: 5% sodium hydroxide, 70% to 80% dipropyl dithiophosphate, 5% to 15% imidazole mercaptan, and 5% to 15% trithiocarbonate. iii. Zinc flotation: This includes zinc roughing, zinc scavenging, and zinc concentration. Lead tailings are stirred with copper sulfate and then subjected to zinc roughing with the addition of zinc collector LY to obtain zinc rougher concentrate and zinc rougher tailings. The zinc rougher concentrate is subjected to multiple zinc concentration operations, and the zinc rougher tailings are subjected to multiple zinc scavenging operations with the addition of zinc collector LY to obtain zinc concentrate and zinc tailings. iv. Sulfur flotation: including sulfur roughing, sulfur scavenging and sulfur concentration. Sulfur collectors and frothers are added to zinc tailings for sulfur roughing to obtain sulfur roughing concentrate and sulfur roughing tailings. The sulfur roughing concentrate is subjected to multiple sulfur concentration operations, and the sulfur roughing tailings are subjected to multiple sulfur scavenging operations by adding sulfur collectors multiple times to obtain sulfur concentrate and tailings.

2. The lead-zinc ore dressing method according to claim 1, wherein: The preparation steps of lead collector P1 are as follows: sodium hydroxide is prepared into a 10% aqueous solution, dipropyl dithiophosphate and imidazole mercaptan are mixed evenly, and then added to the sodium hydroxide solution, heated to 50°C and reacted for 0.5 hours to obtain solution 1; trithiocarbonate is then added to solution 1, and the temperature is maintained at 50°C for 0.5 hours. After the reaction is complete, a brown to brown-black solution is obtained, which is the lead collector P1.

3. The beneficiation method of lead-zinc ore according to claim 1, wherein: The zinc collector LY is calculated by weight percentage and includes: N, N-dialkyl dithiocarbamate 70-80%, alkyl dithiophosphate thioether 10-20%, octanol 3-5%, 0 # Diesel 5% to 10%.

4. The lead-zinc ore dressing method according to claim 3, wherein: The preparation steps of zinc collector LY are as follows: N, N-dialkyl dithiocarbamate and alkyl dithiophosphoric acid sulfide ester are mixed evenly, octanol and 0 # Diesel, stirring at 300r / min for 0.5h, zinc collector LY was obtained.

5. The lead-zinc ore dressing method according to claim 1, wherein: The raw ore is ground to obtain raw ore pulp with a grinding fineness of -0.074mm accounting for 60% to 85%.

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