A method for adjusting a rolling of a rail vehicle body

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for adjusting the tilt of a rail vehicle body, belonging to the technical field of vehicle adjustment devices. The method adjusts the car body using different methods according to the size of the tilt deformation, accurately adjusting the car body to its designed state, reducing the number of adjustments, and improving adjustment efficiency. The adjustment device includes a flame-spraying device and a support rod. A telescopic mechanism in the support rod adjusts its length. At least one end of each support rod is equipped with a flame-spraying device, which includes a bracket and multiple flame injectors. The bracket is slidably fitted onto the support rod and can be fixed to it. The flame injectors are arranged side-by-side on the bracket, and can slide, rotate, and be fixed on the bracket. The extension of the support rod supports the car body, causing it to deform in the opposite direction. The flame injectors are used to heat the car body. This method for adjusting the tilt of a rail vehicle body improves the efficiency of tilt adjustment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vehicle adjustment and maintenance equipment technology, and specifically to a method for adjusting the tilt of a rail vehicle body. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of my country's rail manufacturing industry and the continuous improvement of railway technology, stainless steel materials are widely used in the rail vehicle industry due to their superior performance, stable structure, and strong load-bearing capacity. Especially in the manufacture of car bodies, current technology mostly uses stainless steel. However, in the actual production process, because the structure is often welded, stainless steel has low thermal conductivity and expands easily when heated. Therefore, the heat generated during welding can easily cause deformation of the stainless steel car body structure, resulting in tilting, which in turn affects its performance and driving safety. Existing methods for adjusting the tilt of stainless steel car bodies only involve supporting the short diagonal of the car body to reverse the deformation, and then heating the columns and curved beams at the support locations for adjustment. However, in practice, this method is not applicable to all situations. When the body tilt is small (less than 3mm), the anti-deformation will cause the body to be over-adjusted, requiring repeated adjustments to restore the body to the design position. When the body tilt is large (greater than 6mm), the diagonal support alone is insufficient to restore the body to the design position, requiring multiple adjustments to restore the body to the design position, resulting in low adjustment efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for adjusting the tilt of a rail vehicle body, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art and improve the efficiency of adjusting the tilt of the vehicle body.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0005] This invention provides a method for adjusting the tilt of a rail vehicle body, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: Obtain the vehicle body roll dimension, including obtaining the length of the shorter diagonal in the cross-section at the roll position of the vehicle body. The roll dimension is obtained by subtracting the length of the shorter diagonal from the designed length of the diagonal of the vehicle body cross-section.

[0007] Step 2: Classify the vehicle body according to the tilt dimension. The classification includes dividing the vehicle body into three categories: Category 1, Category 2, and Category 3. The tilt dimension is less than 3mm, Category 1; the tilt dimension is 3mm to 6mm, Category 2; and the tilt dimension is greater than 6mm, Category 3.

[0008] Step 3: Adjust the vehicle body according to its classification. When the vehicle body is classified as Class I, a point heating method is used for adjustment, including: using an adjustment device to heat the lower part of the column corresponding to the lower end of the short diagonal in the side tilt section of the vehicle body.

[0009] When the vehicle body is of the second type, the vehicle body is adjusted and repaired using a linear heating method, including: using an adjustment device to support the vehicle body along the short diagonal, causing the vehicle body to undergo reverse deformation; and then heating the lower part of the column corresponding to the lower end of the short diagonal and the end of the curved beam corresponding to the upper part of the short diagonal near the short diagonal.

[0010] When the vehicle body is of the third type, the vehicle body is adjusted using a triangular heating method, including: using an adjustment device to support the vehicle body along the short diagonal, and simultaneously supporting the top surface of the vehicle body at the tilt position section through the bottom surface of the vehicle body near the lower end of the short diagonal, causing the vehicle body to undergo reverse deformation; then heating the lower part of the column corresponding to the lower end of the short diagonal, the lower part of at least one column adjacent to the column, the end of the curved beam corresponding to the upper part of the short diagonal near the short diagonal, and the end of at least one curved beam adjacent to the curved beam near the short diagonal.

[0011] Preferably, the heating temperature in step three is 600℃~800℃.

[0012] Preferably, before and during the heating operation in step three, the outer wall of the vehicle body at the point of heating is continuously sprayed with water to cool it down.

[0013] Preferably, the adjustment device in the rail vehicle body tilt adjustment method is characterized by: including a flame-spraying device and at least one support rod, wherein the support rod is provided with a telescopic mechanism, the telescopic mechanism is used to adjust the length of the support rod and can lock the length of the support rod, wherein at least one end of the support rod is provided with the flame-spraying device, the flame-spraying device includes a bracket and multiple flame injectors, the bracket is slidably sleeved on the support rod and can be fixed to the support rod, the flame injectors are arranged side by side on the bracket, the flame injectors can slide and rotate on the bracket and be fixed, the support rod extends to support the car body to cause the car body to undergo reverse deformation, and the flame injectors are used to heat the car body.

[0014] Preferably, the bracket is rotatably sleeved on the support rod and can be fixed to the support rod.

[0015] Preferably, the telescopic mechanism includes an adjusting ring, and the support rod includes an upper support rod and a lower support rod. One end of the adjusting ring is rotatably connected to the upper end of the lower support rod, and the other end of the adjusting ring is threadedly connected to the lower end of the upper support rod. The adjusting ring rotates relative to the lower support rod to adjust the distance between the upper support rod and the lower support rod, thereby adjusting the length of the support rod.

[0016] Preferably, both ends of the support rod are slidably connected to the bracket, and the two brackets are parallel and coplanar.

[0017] Preferably, the device further includes a connecting device comprising a first collar and a second collar fixedly connected, the first collar being perpendicular to the center line of the second collar. The first collar is slidably fitted onto the support rod, and a first fastening screw is threaded onto the side wall of the first collar. The first fastening screw abuts against the support rod to fix the first collar to the support rod. The second collar is slidably fitted onto the bracket, and a second fastening screw is threaded onto the side wall of the second collar. The second fastening screw abuts against the bracket to fix the first collar to the support rod.

[0018] Preferably, each of the flamethrowers includes a regulating valve for adjusting the operating state of the flamethrower.

[0019] Preferably, the flamethrower has a fastening stud and a fastening nut, the bracket has a stud groove, the fastening stud passes through the stud groove and can slide along the groove and rotate about the axis of the fastening stud, and the fastening nut is used to tighten with the fastening stud to fix the flamethrower to the bracket.

[0020] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art:

[0021] The rail vehicle body tilt adjustment method provided by this invention adjusts the car body using different methods according to the size of the tilt deformation, accurately adjusting the car body to the design state, reducing the number of adjustments, and improving adjustment efficiency. Specifically, when the tilt size is less than 3mm, point heating is used directly on the lower part of the corresponding support column. The car body is adjusted to the design state by relying on the internal stress of the car body, avoiding over-adjustment caused by the counter-deformation of the support, thus reducing the number of adjustments and improving efficiency. When the tilt size is 3mm to 6mm, heating alone, relying on the internal stress of the car body, is insufficient to adjust the car body to the design position. It is necessary to add supports along the short diagonal to counter-deform the car body, increasing the tension and adjusting the car body to the design state. When the tilt size is less than 3mm, point heating is used to heat the lower part of the corresponding support column. The internal stress of the car body is sufficient to adjust the car body to the design state, avoiding over-adjustment caused by the counter-deformation of the support, thus reducing the number of adjustments and improving efficiency. When the tilt size is between 3mm and 6mm, heating alone is insufficient to adjust the car body to the design position by relying on the internal stress of the car body. In this case, adding supports along the short diagonal to counter-deform the car body increases the tension and adjusts the car body to the design state. When the tilt dimension is greater than 6mm, the support on the short diagonal is still insufficient to adjust the vehicle body to the design state. This is because when the vehicle body tilts, the top also moves towards the ground. Therefore, increasing the vertical support on the top increases the tensile force on the vehicle body. Heating the lower part of the column corresponding to the lower end of the short diagonal, the lower part of at least one adjacent column, the end of the curved beam corresponding to the upper part of the short diagonal near the short diagonal, and the end of at least one adjacent curved beam near the short diagonal will allow the vehicle body to be adjusted to the design state. By using different methods to adjust the vehicle body according to the size of the tilt deformation, the vehicle body can be accurately adjusted to the design state, reducing the number of adjustments and improving adjustment efficiency.

[0022] Furthermore, when adjusting the tilt of a rail vehicle body, if the body needs to be deformed in the opposite direction, the support rod is arranged along the short diagonal and placed against the two corners of the deformed section of the body. Extending the support rod applies a thrust to the body, causing it to deform until the deformation meets the adjustment requirements and the extension stops. Then, the flamethrower is moved, adjusted to the correct position and angle, and fixed in place to heat the areas requiring heating. This body adjustment process uses an adjustment device to fix the flamethrower, eliminating the need for manual handling, reducing worker workload, and improving the efficiency of rail vehicle body tilt adjustment. The flamethrower device has multiple flamethrowers, allowing simultaneous heating of multiple areas during the adjustment process, reducing heating time and ensuring more uniform heating of the body. This avoids deformations detrimental to adjustment due to uneven heating, further improving the efficiency of rail vehicle body tilt adjustment. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustment device provided in this invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the telescopic mechanism of the adjustment device provided in this invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flame-emitting device in the adjustment apparatus provided in this invention.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the support rod of the adjustment device provided in this invention being supported in the vehicle body;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustment and fitting of the vehicle body cross section when the vehicle body tilt dimension is less than 3mm, as provided in this invention.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustment and fitting of the vehicle body cross section when the vehicle body tilt size is 3mm to 6mm, as provided in this invention.

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustment and fitting of the vehicle body cross section when the vehicle body tilt dimension is greater than 6mm, as provided in this invention.

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the vehicle body structure provided in this invention;

[0032] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the heating position when the vehicle body tilt dimension is less than 3mm in this invention;

[0033] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the heating position when the vehicle body tilt dimension is 3mm to 6mm in this invention;

[0034] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the heating position when the vehicle body tilt dimension is greater than 6mm in this invention;

[0035] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the pillars in the vehicle body of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the curved beam structure of the vehicle body in this invention;

[0037] In the diagram: 1. Support rod; 2. Flamethrower; 3. Upper support rod; 4. Adjusting ring; 5. Lower support rod; 6. Connecting device; 7. Flamethrower; 8. Bracket; 9. First fastening screw; 10. Second fastening screw; 11. Fastening nut; 12. Fastening stud; 13. Stud groove; 14. Second collar; 15. First collar; 16. Vehicle body; 17. Design position; 18. Lateral tilt position; 19. Heating position; 20. Anti-deformation position; 21. Column; 22. Short diagonal; 23. Top plate; 24. Floor; 25. Long diagonal; 26. Curved beam. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for adjusting the tilt of a rail vehicle body, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art and improve the efficiency of adjusting the tilt of the vehicle body.

[0040] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] This embodiment provides a method for adjusting the tilt of a rail vehicle body, including the following steps:

[0043] Step 1: Obtain the roll dimension data of vehicle body 16, including obtaining the length of the shorter diagonal in the cross section of vehicle body 16 at the roll position. The roll dimension is obtained by subtracting the length of the shorter diagonal from the design length of the diagonal of the cross section of vehicle body 16.

[0044] Step 2: Classify the vehicle body 16 according to its roll size. The classification includes dividing the vehicle body 16 into three categories: Category 1, Category 2, and Category 3. Category 1 has a roll size of less than 3mm, Category 2 has a roll size of 3mm to 6mm, and Category 3 has a roll size of more than 6mm.

[0045] Step 3: Adjust and repair the vehicle body 16 according to its classification. When the vehicle body 16 is classified as Class I, the adjustment and repair is carried out using a point heating method, including: using an adjustment device to heat the lower part of the column 21 corresponding to the lower end of the short diagonal 22 in the side tilt position 18 section of the vehicle body 16.

[0046] When the vehicle body 16 is of the second type, the vehicle body 16 is adjusted by a linear heating method, including: using an adjustment device to support the vehicle body 16 along the short diagonal 22, so that the vehicle body 16 undergoes reverse deformation; and then heating the lower part of the column 21 corresponding to the lower end of the short diagonal 22 and the end of the curved beam 26 corresponding to the upper part of the short diagonal 22 near the short diagonal 22.

[0047] When the vehicle body 16 is of the third type, a triangular heating method is used to adjust the vehicle body 16. This includes: using an adjustment device to support the vehicle body 16 along the short diagonal 22, and simultaneously supporting the top surface of the vehicle body 16 at the tilt position 18 section by means of the bottom surface of the vehicle body 16 near the lower end of the short diagonal 22, causing the vehicle body 16 to undergo reverse deformation; then heating the lower part of the column 21 corresponding to the lower end of the short diagonal 22, the lower part of at least one adjacent column 21, the end of the curved beam 26 corresponding to the upper part of the short diagonal 22 near the short diagonal 22, and the end of at least one adjacent curved beam 26 near the short diagonal 22. By using different methods to adjust the vehicle body 16 according to the size of the tilt deformation, the vehicle body 16 can be accurately adjusted to the design state, reducing the number of adjustments and improving adjustment efficiency. Specifically, when the tilt dimension of the vehicle body 16 is less than 3mm, point heating is used directly to heat the lower part of the corresponding column 21. The vehicle body 16 can be adjusted to the design state by relying on the internal stress of the vehicle body 16, avoiding over-adjustment of the vehicle body 16 due to the reverse deformation caused by the support, reducing the number of adjustments, and improving adjustment efficiency. When the tilt dimension of the vehicle body 16 is 3mm to 6mm, heating alone and relying on the internal stress of the vehicle body 16 are not enough to adjust the vehicle body 16 to the design position 17. It is necessary to add support along the short diagonal 22 to reverse the deformation of the vehicle body 16, increase the tension, and adjust the vehicle body 16 to the design state. When the tilt dimension of the vehicle body 16 is large... When the tilt is 6mm, the support on the short diagonal 22 is still insufficient to adjust the vehicle body 16 to the design state. This is because when the vehicle body 16 tilts, the top plate 23 will also move towards the ground. Therefore, by increasing the vertical support on the top plate 23 to increase the tension on the vehicle body 16, and by heating the lower part of the column 21 corresponding to the lower end of the short diagonal 22, the lower part of at least one adjacent column 21, the end of the curved beam 26 corresponding to the upper part of the short diagonal 22 near the short diagonal 22, and the end of at least one adjacent curved beam 26 near the short diagonal 22, the vehicle body 16 can be adjusted to the design state. By using different methods to adjust the vehicle body 16 according to the size of the tilt deformation, the vehicle body 16 can be accurately adjusted to the design state, reducing the number of adjustments and improving adjustment efficiency.

[0048] In this embodiment, adjacent pillars 21 and adjacent curved beams 26 refer to adjacent sections on the same side of the vehicle body. In this embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the vehicle body 16 can be rectangular or trapezoidal.

[0049] In this embodiment, the anti-deformation shape, after the support is removed, will cause the vehicle body to return to its designed position due to elastic deformation. In this embodiment, the anti-deformation is achieved by supporting the vehicle body, causing it to tilt in the opposite direction to the tilt direction.

[0050] In this embodiment, the corresponding column 21 refers to the column 21 that is in contact with or closest to the diagonal, and the corresponding curved beam 26 refers to the curved beam 26 that is in contact with or closest to the diagonal.

[0051] In this embodiment, the tilt dimension is the absolute value of the difference between the actual diagonal length and the designed diagonal length.

[0052] In this embodiment, for the tilt problem of the vehicle body 16 with a tilt dimension of less than 3mm, a point heating adjustment method is adopted. No additional support is needed to apply counter-deformation. The heating position 19 is directly selected at the lower part of the column 21 on the side wall corresponding to the short diagonal 22. The vehicle body 16 is pulled back to its designed state mainly by the elastic deformation and internal stress of other parts of the vehicle body 16 after the column 21 is heated. Figure 5 As shown, the dashed line represents the lateral tilt position 18 of the vehicle body 16 tilting to the left, and the solid line represents the designed position 17 of the vehicle body 16.

[0053] In this embodiment, for the tilt problem of the vehicle body 16 with a tilt dimension between 3mm and 6mm, linear heating and additional support are used to apply anti-deformation adjustment. The heating position 19 is selected at the lower part of the column 21 corresponding to the short diagonal 22 of the tilt position 18 section and the upper part of the curved beam 26 corresponding to the short diagonal 22 near one end of the short diagonal 22, supporting the vehicle body 16 along the short diagonal 22. Figure 6 , Figure 6 The lower left corner is heating position 19, which is the position for heating the lower part of column 21. Figure 6 The upper right corner is heating position 19, which is the position for heating the top curved beam 26. Figure 6 The text describes the design position 17, the tilt position 18, and the anti-deformation position 20 of the vehicle body 16 after adding a support rod 1 inside the vehicle body 16 to achieve the anti-deformation. During the anti-deformation support process of the vehicle body 16, the support rod 1 changes from short to long.

[0054] In this embodiment, for the tilt problem of the vehicle body 16 with a tilt dimension greater than 6mm, a triangular heating method is adopted and two additional supports are added to apply anti-deformation. The vehicle body 16 is supported along the short diagonal 22, and simultaneously, at the tilt position 18 section of the vehicle body 16, the top surface of the vehicle body 16 is supported through the bottom surface of the vehicle body 16 near the lower end of the short diagonal 22, causing the vehicle body 16 to undergo anti-deformation. Then, the lower part of the column 21 corresponding to the lower end of the short diagonal 22, the lower part of at least one adjacent column 21, the end of the curved beam 26 corresponding to the upper part of the short diagonal 22 near the short diagonal 22, and the end of at least one adjacent curved beam 26 near the short diagonal 22 are heated. Figure 7 ,and Figure 6 The difference lies in the addition of a vertical support rod 1 to support the top of the vehicle body 16, and the addition of external force to counteract the constraint force. Because the top of the vehicle body 16 gradually rises during the adjustment process, adding a counter-deformation support to the top plate 23 of the vehicle body 16 can counteract the resistance of the vehicle body 16 to the adjustment and improve the adjustment efficiency.

[0055] In this embodiment, the heating temperature in step three is preferably 600℃~800℃.

[0056] In this embodiment, before and during the heating operation in step three, the outer wall of the vehicle body 16, the area to be heated, is continuously sprayed with water to cool it down. This prevents the side wall panels of the vehicle body 16 from developing bulges, dents, and surface discoloration defects due to heat. During the heating and adjustment process, the outer skin panels of the vehicle body 16 need to be continuously sprayed to provide continuous protection.

[0057] In this embodiment, the adjustment device includes a flame-spraying device 2 and at least one support rod 1. The support rod 1 is provided with a telescopic mechanism, which is used to adjust the length of the support rod 1 and lock the length of the support rod 1. At least one end of the support rod 1 is provided with a flame-spraying device 2. The flame-spraying device 2 includes a bracket 8 and multiple flame-sprayers 7. The bracket 8 is slidably sleeved on the support rod 1 and can be fixed to the support rod 1. The flame-sprayers 7 are arranged side by side on the bracket 8. The flame-sprayers 7 can slide and rotate on the bracket 8 and be fixed. The extension of the support rod 1 is used to support the vehicle body 16 so that the vehicle body 16 undergoes reverse deformation. The flame-sprayers 7 are used to heat the vehicle body 16. When it is necessary to adjust the tilt of the rail vehicle body 16, the support rod 1 is extended and abutted against the two opposite deformation angles through which the short diagonal 22 passes in the deformed section of the body 16. The support rod 1 is fixed inside the body 16. After the flame injector 7 in the flame injector device 2 is adjusted to the correct position and angle, it is locked to the support rod 1. The flame injector device 2 is then activated to heat the body 16 at at least one of the two opposite deformation angles through which the short diagonal 22 passes in the deformed section of the body 16. After that, the flame injector device 2 is turned off and the body 16 is allowed to cool down. Since the material of the body 16 is stainless steel, it will shrink and deform during the cooling process, thereby restoring the tilt deformation of the body 16. The aforementioned adjustment process of the car body 16 utilizes an adjustment device to fix the flamethrower 7, eliminating the need for manual handling of the flamethrower 7, thus reducing worker labor intensity. Furthermore, the flamethrowing device 2 has multiple flamethrowers 7, enabling simultaneous heating of multiple sides of the car body 16 requiring heating. This reduces heating time and ensures more uniform heating of the car body 16, preventing deformations that hinder adjustment due to uneven heating and improving the efficiency of tilt adjustment of the rail vehicle car body 16. The bracket 8 slides on the support rod 1 to adjust the distance between the flamethrower 7 and the heating position 19, thereby adjusting the heating temperature by controlling the distance between the flame and the heated area. After adjusting to the desired position, the bracket 8 is locked to the support rod 1, allowing heating of the required area.

[0058] In this embodiment, when the adjustment device is reused, the positions of the two adjacent flamethrowers 7 are adjusted to be on both sides of the column 21, and the angle of the flamethrowers 7 is rotated so that the flamethrowers 7 face the column 21. Then, the flamethrowers 7 are locked to the bracket 8, and the flamethrowers 7 are turned on to heat different sides of the column 21, making the heating of the column 21 more uniform. The movement of the flamethrowers 7 is preferably sliding. Sliding each flamethrower 7 to different positions allows for simultaneous heating of different parts that need to be heated, improving heating efficiency.

[0059] In this embodiment, the bracket 8 is rotatably sleeved on the support rod 1 and can be fixed to the support rod 1. The entire bracket 8 is angle-adjustable, making it convenient to use.

[0060] In this embodiment, the telescopic mechanism only needs to enable the support rod 1 to extend and retract. A jack or an adjusting ring 4 can be used and set in the middle of the support rod 1. In a preferred embodiment, the telescopic mechanism includes an adjusting ring 4, and the support rod 1 includes an upper support rod 3 and a lower support rod 5. One end of the adjusting ring 4 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the lower support rod 5, and the other end of the adjusting ring 4 is threadedly connected to the lower end of the upper support rod 3. The adjusting ring 4 rotates relative to the lower support rod 5 to adjust the distance between the upper support rod 3 and the lower support rod 5 to adjust the length of the support rod 1.

[0061] In this embodiment, brackets 8 are slidably connected to both ends of the support rod 1, and the two brackets 8 are parallel and coplanar. The brackets 8 at both ends of the support rod 1 enable simultaneous heating of the vehicle body 16 at both ends of the support rod 1, improving heating uniformity and efficiency.

[0062] In this embodiment, a connecting device 6 is also included. The connecting device 6 includes a first collar 15 and a second collar 14 fixedly connected. The center lines of the first collar 15 and the second collar 14 are perpendicular. The first collar 15 is slidably fitted onto the support rod 1. A first fastening screw 9 is threaded onto the side wall of the first collar 15. The first fastening screw 9 is tightened against the support rod 1 to fix the first collar 15 to the support rod 1. The second collar 14 is slidably fitted onto the bracket 8. A second fastening screw 10 is threaded onto the side wall of the second collar 14. The second fastening screw 10 is tightened against the bracket 8 to fix the first collar 15 to the support rod 1. The adjusting ring 4 has a simple structure and is easy to manufacture. The first fastening screw 9 and the second fastening screw 10 on the adjusting ring 4 facilitate the adjustment of the position of the bracket 8.

[0063] In this embodiment, each flamethrower 7 includes a regulating valve for adjusting the operating state of the flamethrower 7. Each flamethrower 7 has an individual regulating valve, enabling the adjustment device to operate under different conditions, such as adapting to situations where only one flamethrower 7 is needed or multiple flamethrowers 7 are needed simultaneously.

[0064] In this embodiment, the flamethrower 7 has a fastening stud 12 and a fastening nut 11. A stud groove 13 is provided on the bracket 8. The fastening stud 12 passes through the stud groove 13 and can slide along the groove and rotate around its axis. The fastening stud 12 is positioned within the stud groove 13. The fastening nut 11 is used to tighten the fastening stud 12 to fix the flamethrower 7 to the bracket 8. The sliding of the fastening stud 12 in the stud groove 13 allows adjustment of the flamethrower 7's position. The rotation of the flamethrower 7 along the axis of the fastening stud 12 allows adjustment of the flame direction. After adjusting the position and direction, the fastening nut 11 is used to tighten the flamethrower 7 to the bracket 8, allowing for heating of different areas at different angles.

[0065] In this embodiment, after the vehicle body 16 components are assembled and welded and removed from the tire, it is necessary to measure the width, height, and diagonal dimensions of the cross-sections at different positions of the vehicle body 16. The cross-section passing through the column 21 is selected. The measurement data is used to analyze whether the tilt is out of tolerance. The tilt of the vehicle body 16 is mainly reflected in the diagonal deviation. If the vehicle body 16 is tilted, it needs to be adjusted. In this embodiment, since the vehicle body 16 is basically rectangular, the diagonals include two lines: a short diagonal 22 and a long diagonal 25. The design position 17 of the vehicle body 16 is the design position 17, the tilt position 18 of the vehicle body 16 is the tilt position 18, and the anti-deformation position 20 of the vehicle body 16 is the anti-deformation position 20.

[0066] like Figure 5 As shown, for the tilting problem of the vehicle body 16 with a diagonal deviation of less than 3mm, it is preferable to adopt a separate flame heating adjustment method, without the need to add additional support to apply counter-deformation. The heating position 19 is directly selected at the lower part of the column 21 of the side wall through which the short diagonal 22 passes. During adjustment, the support rod 1 of the adjustment device in this embodiment is extended and abutted against the two opposite deformation angles through which the short diagonal 22 passes in the deformed section of the vehicle body 16, and the support rod 1 is fixed inside the vehicle body 16. At this time, the lower end of the support rod 1 contacts the lower end of the column 21 of the vehicle body 16 and the floor 24, and the upper part of the support rod 1 contacts the upper end of the column 21 on the other side of the vehicle body 16 and the curved beam 26 on the upper part of the vehicle body 16. Then, after adjusting the position and angle of the flamethrower 7 in the flamethrowing device 2, it is locked to the support rod 1. The flamethrowing device 2 is then activated to heat the lower end of the column 21, which is in contact with the lower end of the support rod 1. As the column 21 cools, because it is made of stainless steel, it will shrink and deform during the cooling process, thus restoring the lateral deformation of the vehicle body 16 and returning it from the lateral tilt position 18 to the designed position 17. During the heating process, the undeformed parts of the vehicle body 16 exert stress on the deformed parts, causing the deformed area to recover, thus causing the heated vehicle body 16 to deform in the direction of recovery. Figure 5 As shown, the dashed line represents the position 18 of the vehicle body 16 after it has tilted to the left, while the solid line represents the theoretical position 17 of the vehicle body 16, i.e., the design position. The diagonal deviation is less than 3mm. Due to the small tilt deformation, a heated column 21 is used. Through the thermal expansion and contraction deformation of the column 21 and the stress on the deformed area by the vehicle body 16, the tilted area can be deformed, naturally reducing the deviation.

[0067] Another preferred embodiment of this solution is, for example Figure 6As shown, for the body 16 tilting with a diagonal deviation of 3mm to 6mm, it is preferable to use flame heating and additional support to apply anti-deformation adjustment. In this solution, the support rod 1 is placed in the same way as the preferred solution, except that both ends of the support rod 1 are equipped with flame-spraying devices 2, and the support rod 1 is required to provide anti-deformation support for the body 16, so that the body 16 is anti-deformed to the anti-deformation position 20. During adjustment, support rod 1 is placed on the short diagonal 22, so that the end of support rod 1 abuts against the two opposite deformation angles. At this time, the lower end of support rod 1 contacts the lower end of the column 21 of the vehicle body 16 and the floor 24, and the upper part of support rod 1 contacts the upper end of the column 21 on the other side of the vehicle body 16 and the curved beam 26 on the upper part of the vehicle body 16. Then, support rod 1 is extended. During the extension process, support rod 1 causes the vehicle body 16 to undergo elastic deformation. The length of support rod 1 is adjusted to cause the vehicle body 16 to undergo reverse deformation to the reverse deformation position 20, and the length of support rod 1 is locked. At this time, the vehicle body 16 is supported by support rod 1 to tilt to the side in another direction, and the deformation of the vehicle body 16 has a large elastic deformation. The reverse deformation parameters of the vehicle body 16 can be obtained according to the actual deformation amount. After the length of the support rod 1 is locked, the lower end of the column 21, which contacts the lower end of the support rod 1, is heated. Simultaneously, the end of the upper curved beam 26 of the vehicle body 16 that contacts the upper end of the support rod 1 is also heated. Heating eliminates some of the elastic stress in the vehicle body 16. After the vehicle body 16 cools down, the support rod 5 is shortened and removed. The elastically deformed portion of the vehicle body 16 recovers, allowing the vehicle body 16 to return to its designed position 17, thus completing the adjustment of the vehicle body 16. Figure 6 , Figure 6 The lower left corner of the diagram is heating position 19, which is the position for heating the lower part of column 21. The upper right corner of the diagram is heating position 19, which is the position for heating the top curved beam 26. Figure 6 The text describes the design position 17, the tilt position 18, and the anti-deformation position 20 of the vehicle body 16 after adding a support rod 1 inside the vehicle body 16 to achieve the anti-deformation. During the anti-deformation support process of the vehicle body 16, the support rod 1 changes from short to long.

[0068] The adjustment principle of this preferred scheme is as follows: In this scheme, the out-of-tolerance dimension of the vehicle body 16 is relatively large, ranging from 3mm to 6mm. The heating, cooling, and shrinkage of the base material of the vehicle body 16, such as the column 21, cannot completely restore the vehicle's tilt. It is necessary to use external force to adjust the diagonal of the vehicle body 16 to the reverse deformation tilt. Then, by heating the column 21 and the curved beam 26, the column 21 and the curved beam 26 are softened, and part of the elastic deformation in the reverse deformation can be transformed into plastic deformation. After cooling, the external support of the support rod 1 is removed, and the cross-sectional dimensions of the vehicle body 16 can be restored to the designed dimensions, rather than to the state before the reverse deformation.

[0069] In the above-described scheme, the areas near the two deformation angles on the diagonal need to be heated simultaneously. If only one worker is operating, one area can only be heated before processing the other, and the areas that need to be heated simultaneously cannot be heated at the same time. This reduces the efficiency of the tilt adjustment of the rail vehicle body 16 and also carries the risk of deformation that is not conducive to adjustment due to insufficient heating. If simultaneous heating is required, multiple workers need to operate at the same time. Therefore, using the adjustment device in this embodiment can reduce labor costs and improve adjustment efficiency.

[0070] Another preferred solution in this embodiment is, for example Figure 7 As shown, for the tilt adjustment of the vehicle body 16 with a diagonal deviation exceeding 6mm, the preferred method is to use flame heating and additional support to apply anti-deformation adjustment. This solution differs from the previous one in that the heating area is different, and it also includes a support rod 1 for vertical support. In this solution, one of the support rods 1 is the same as in the previous preferred solution, with flame-spraying devices 2 at both ends. First, the vehicle body 16 is anti-deformation supported using the method in the previous solution, and then another support rod is used to support the roof. The lower end of the support rod 1 supporting the roof is close to the lower end of the support rod 1 used for anti-deformation support, and the upper end is away from the upper end of the support rod 1 used for anti-deformation support. Then, the flamethrower 7 in the flamethrower device 2 is used to heat the lower end of the column 21 that is in contact with the lower end of the support rod 1, as well as the lower ends of at least two columns 21 adjacent to the column 21. At the same time, flamethrower heats the lower end of the curved beam 26 that is in contact with the upper end of the column 21, as well as the side of at least two curved beams 26 adjacent to the curved beam 26 near the upper end of the support rod 1. At the same time, flamethrower heats the roof side beam area.

[0071] In this design, the application of anti-deformation measures requires not only applying anti-deformation diagonal supports along the short side of the out-of-tolerance section, but also adding vertical supports from the floor 24 to the roof opposite the diagonal supports. This allows a portion of the tilted car body 16 to transfer its deformation to the roof via the vertical support rod 1, and then, during flame heating, transfer the deformation to the side of the car body 16 without vertical support. The principle behind this design is as follows: Due to the large diagonal out-of-tolerance dimension (greater than 6mm), heating only one section of the car body 16 and applying external support is insufficient to completely convert the elastic deformation of the base material in that area into plastic deformation. This is because adjacent sections of the car body 16 are not heated, and the resulting stress prevents the car body 16 from recovering. Therefore, adding vertical supports from the floor 24 to the roof at the aforementioned location on the car body 16 increases external force assistance and counteracts the stress causing the car body 16 to recover. Furthermore, the roof gradually rises during the reverse deformation process applied by the inclined support rod 1. Using another support rod 1 to vertically support and elevate the vehicle body 16 also allows for pre-fabrication of the reverse deformation through external force during the heating and adjustment process, reducing the resistance to the adjustment and thus improving efficiency. In this embodiment, in all the preferred adjustment schemes described above, water must be sprayed onto the outer wall of the heating area of ​​the vehicle body 16 before heating, and this spraying must continue during the heating process. Because ordinary stainless steel vehicles do not have a coating layer, it is strictly forbidden to bake bulges, dents, or surface discoloration onto the outer stainless steel skin of the vehicle body 16 during flame adjustment. Therefore, water must be sprayed onto the outer wall of the flame-heated position 19 before flame heating, and this spraying must be maintained throughout the heating process for protection. Simultaneously, after flame heating, water is used for rapid cooling; the water jet must directly hit the heat source for rapid cooling. In the preferred embodiment described above, after water spray protection is performed, the vehicle body 16 is heated by flame spray at a temperature of 600℃-800℃.

[0072] Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

Claims

1. A method for adjusting the tilt of a rail vehicle body, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1: Obtain the vehicle body roll dimension, including obtaining the length of the shorter diagonal in the cross-section at the roll position of the vehicle body. The roll dimension is obtained by subtracting the length of the shorter diagonal from the designed length of the diagonal of the vehicle body cross-section. Step 2: Classify the vehicle body according to the tilt dimension. The classification includes dividing the vehicle body into three categories: Category 1, Category 2, and Category 3. The tilt dimension is less than 3mm, Category 1; the tilt dimension is 3mm to 6mm, Category 2; and the tilt dimension is greater than 6mm, Category 3. Step 3: Adjust the vehicle body according to its classification. When the vehicle body is classified as Class I, a point heating method is used for adjustment, including: using an adjustment device to heat the lower part of the column corresponding to the lower end of the short diagonal in the side tilt section of the vehicle body. When the vehicle body is of the second type, the vehicle body is adjusted and repaired by a linear heating method, including: using an adjustment device to support the vehicle body along the short diagonal, so that the vehicle body undergoes a reverse deformation; and then heating the lower part of the column corresponding to the lower end of the short diagonal and the end of the curved beam corresponding to the upper part of the short diagonal that is close to the short diagonal. When the vehicle body is of the third type, the vehicle body is adjusted using a triangular heating method, including: using an adjustment device to support the vehicle body along the short diagonal, and simultaneously supporting the top surface of the vehicle body at the tilt position section through the bottom surface of the vehicle body near the lower end of the short diagonal, causing the vehicle body to undergo reverse deformation; then heating the lower part of the column corresponding to the lower end of the short diagonal, the lower part of at least one column adjacent to the column, the end of the curved beam corresponding to the upper part of the short diagonal near the short diagonal, and the end of at least one curved beam adjacent to the curved beam near the short diagonal.

2. The method for adjusting the tilt of a rail vehicle body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating temperature in step three is 600℃~800℃.

3. The method for adjusting the tilt of a rail vehicle body according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before and during the heating process in step three, the outer wall of the vehicle body in the area to be heated is continuously sprayed with water to cool it down.

4. The method for adjusting the tilt of a rail vehicle body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment device includes a flame-spraying device and at least one support rod. The support rod is equipped with a telescopic mechanism for adjusting and locking the length of the support rod. The flame-spraying device is located at at least one end of the support rod. The flame-spraying device includes a bracket and multiple flame injectors. The bracket is slidably fitted onto the support rod and can be fixed to the support rod. The flame injectors are arranged side by side on the bracket and can slide, rotate, and be fixed on the bracket. The extension of the support rod is used to support the vehicle body to cause the vehicle body to deform in the opposite direction. The flame injectors are used to heat the vehicle body.

5. The method for adjusting the tilt of a rail vehicle body according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bracket is rotatably sleeved on the support rod and can be fixed to the support rod.

6. The method for adjusting the tilt of a rail vehicle body according to claim 4, characterized in that: The telescopic mechanism includes an adjusting ring, and the support rod includes an upper support rod and a lower support rod. One end of the adjusting ring is rotatably connected to the upper end of the lower support rod, and the other end of the adjusting ring is threadedly connected to the lower end of the upper support rod. The adjusting ring rotates relative to the lower support rod to adjust the distance between the upper support rod and the lower support rod, thereby adjusting the length of the support rod.

7. The method for adjusting the tilt of a rail vehicle body according to claim 4, characterized in that: Both ends of the support rod are slidably connected to the brackets, and the two brackets are parallel and coplanar.

8. The method for adjusting the tilt of a rail vehicle body according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a connecting device, which comprises a first collar and a second collar fixedly connected. The center lines of the first collar and the second collar are perpendicular. The first collar is slidably fitted onto the support rod. A first fastening screw is threaded onto the side wall of the first collar. The first fastening screw abuts against the support rod to fix the first collar to the support rod. The second collar is slidably fitted onto the bracket. A second fastening screw is threaded onto the side wall of the second collar. The second fastening screw abuts against the bracket to fix the second collar to the support rod.

9. The method for adjusting the tilt of a rail vehicle body according to claim 4, characterized in that: Each of the flamethrowers includes a regulating valve for adjusting the operating state of the flamethrower.

10. The method for adjusting the tilt of a rail vehicle body according to claim 4, characterized in that: The flamethrower has a fastening stud and a fastening nut. The bracket has a stud groove. The fastening stud passes through the stud groove and can slide along the groove and rotate about the axis of the fastening stud. The fastening nut is used to tighten with the fastening stud to fix the flamethrower to the bracket.

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