Crawler shape conversion adjustable traction machine

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of caterpillar shape transformation adjustable tractor, belong to agricultural machinery technical field, including tractor body and be located on the drive unit and transmission unit of the body, transmission unit includes caterpillar and the fixed wheel, tensioner and ground wheel covered in caterpillar and cooperate, the tensioner is switched between the position of the horizontal line where fixed wheel is and the horizontal line where ground wheel is by conversion mechanism, the conversion mechanism includes first connecting rod and second connecting rod articulated with body, third connecting rod articulated between first connecting rod and second connecting rod is further provided, conversion structure further includes first telescopic device and second telescopic device on the body, the first telescopic device is connected with lifting point, and second telescopic device is connected with second connecting rod. By setting conversion mechanism, tensioner can form displacement, the shape of caterpillar can be freely switched according to the nature of field, so as to select to increase or reduce the contact area between caterpillar and field.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and specifically relates to a tractor with adjustable track shape. Background Technology

[0002] Agricultural tractors are mainly used to solve agricultural operation problems and improve agricultural efficiency. Because the soil in the fields is relatively loose and has many depressions, existing agricultural tractors are usually tracked tractors.

[0003] The most common type of track is the inverted trapezoidal track. When encountering depressions or obstacles, the inverted trapezoidal track structure makes it easier for the tractor to cross them. However, the inverted trapezoidal track reduces the contact area, which may damage the terrain when facing soft and flat fields. On the other hand, increasing the contact area increases the friction between the track and the field, reducing the tractor's speed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a tractor with adjustable track shape. By incorporating a conversion mechanism, this invention allows the track shape to be changed according to the nature of the land, thereby selectively increasing the track's contact area and reducing damage to the landform, or selectively decreasing the track's contact area and increasing travel speed.

[0005] The specific technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0006] A tractor with adjustable track shape includes a tractor body and a drive unit and a transmission unit mounted on the body. The transmission unit includes a track and a fixed wheel, a tension wheel, and a ground wheel that are wrapped in and cooperate with the track. The fixed wheel is located on the upper side of the front end of the track and connected to the power output end of the drive unit. The ground wheel is located on the lower side of the track, and the tension wheel is located at the rear end of the track. The tension wheel switches between the horizontal line where the fixed wheel is located and the horizontal line where the ground wheel is located via a conversion mechanism. The conversion mechanism includes a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod hinged to the body, and a third connecting rod hinged between the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod. The hinge point between the first connecting rod and the third connecting rod is a lifting point, and the hinge point between the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod is the traction point of the tension wheel. The conversion mechanism also includes a first telescopic device and a second telescopic device mounted on the body. The first telescopic device is connected to the lifting point, and the second telescopic device is connected to the second connecting rod. The third connecting rod switches between two positions: overlapping with the first connecting rod and overlapping with the extension line of the first connecting rod.

[0007] The first telescopic device is linked to the second telescopic device, and the first telescopic device and the second telescopic device work synchronously.

[0008] The tail ends of the first telescopic device and the tail ends of the second telescopic device are each connected to an actuator, which is a cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder.

[0009] A buffer block is provided between the second telescopic device and the actuating element, and the buffer block is located on the side closer to the actuating element.

[0010] The second telescopic device is hinged to the machine body, and the second telescopic device is hinged to the second connecting rod via a sliding sleeve. The second telescopic device slides along the second connecting rod via the sliding sleeve.

[0011] The ground wheels are arranged in a row.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0013] 1. In this invention, a parallelogram structure is formed by setting a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, and a third connecting rod. The two four-point states of the parallelogram are used to realize the shape transformation between the inverted trapezoidal track and the triangular track. When the ground facing the tractor is relatively hard and a faster speed is required, the first telescopic device is retracted and the second telescopic device is extended, so that the traction point rises. At this time, the third connecting rod overlaps with the first connecting rod, and the tension wheel is parallel to the fixed wheel, changing into an inverted trapezoidal track, forming the first dead point state. The traction point is in a state of force balance, and the position of the tension wheel is fixed by using this force balance state.

[0014] When the ground is soft and the force-bearing area of ​​the track needs to be increased, the first telescopic device is extended and the second telescopic device is contracted, causing the traction point to descend. At this time, the extension line of the third connecting rod overlaps with the extension line of the first connecting rod, and the tension wheel is parallel to the ground wheel, transforming into a triangular track, forming the second dead point state. The traction point is in a state of force balance, and the position of the tension wheel is fixed by using this state of force balance.

[0015] By using two dead-point states, the tensioning wheel can be fixed at the horizontal line where the fixed wheel is located and the horizontal line where the ground wheel is located, reducing the work done by the components of the conversion mechanism during track position changes and increasing the service life of the conversion mechanism.

[0016] 2. In this invention, the second telescopic device is also provided with a buffer block, which is a rubber block or a spring. During the contraction of the second telescopic device, it can prevent the second telescopic device from colliding with the actuator due to excessively fast extension and contraction, thereby reducing noise and lowering the probability of damage to various parts.

[0017] 3. In this invention, the second telescopic device and the second connecting rod are hinged by a slider. When the track changes from a triangular track to an inverted trapezoidal track, that is, during the process of the traction point rising, the hinge point between the second connecting rod and the second telescopic device will continuously move towards the traction point, so that the lever arm of the second telescopic device to the second connecting rod will continuously increase, which is more labor-saving and makes the traction point rise more easily. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention when the track is in the shape of an inverted trapezoid;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention when it is in the triangular track configuration;

[0020] In the attached diagram, 1 is the track, 2 is the fixed wheel, 3 is the tension wheel, 4 is the ground wheel, 5 is the first connecting rod, 6 is the second connecting rod, 7 is the third connecting rod, 8 is the lifting point, 9 is the traction point, 10 is the first telescopic device, 11 is the second telescopic device, 12 is the actuator, 13 is the buffer block, and 14 is the sliding sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0021] A tractor with adjustable track shape 1 includes a tractor body and a drive unit and a transmission unit mounted on the body. The transmission unit includes a track 1 and a fixed wheel 2, a tension wheel 3, and a ground wheel 4 encased in and cooperating with the track 1. The fixed wheel 2 is located on the upper front end of the track 1 and connected to the power output end of the drive unit. The ground wheel 4 is located on the lower side of the track 1. The tension wheel 3 is located at the rear end of the track 1. The tension wheel 3 switches between the horizontal line where the fixed wheel 2 is located and the horizontal line where the ground wheel 4 is located via a switching mechanism. The switching mechanism includes a first connecting rod 5 hinged to the body. The second connecting rod 6 is also provided with a third connecting rod 7 hinged between the first connecting rod 5 and the second connecting rod 6. The hinge point between the first connecting rod 5 and the third connecting rod 7 is the lifting point 8, and the hinge point between the second connecting rod 6 and the third connecting rod 7 is the traction point 9 of the tension wheel 3. The conversion structure also includes a first telescopic device 10 and a second telescopic device 11 provided on the machine body. The first telescopic device 10 is connected to the lifting point 8, and the second telescopic device 11 is connected to the second connecting rod 6. The third connecting rod 7 switches between two positions: overlapping with the first connecting rod 5 and overlapping with the extension line of the first connecting rod 5.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, the fixed wheel 2 is fixed in position relative to the machine body and connected to the drive unit, the ground wheel 4 is fixed in position relative to the machine body, the tension wheel 3 is hinged to the machine body and forms a vertical displacement relative to the machine body, the end of the first connecting rod 5 away from the third connecting rod 7 is hinged to the machine body, and the position of this hinge point is fixed, and the end of the second connecting rod 6 away from the third connecting rod 7 is hinged to the machine body, and the position of this hinge point is fixed.

[0023] The hinge point of the second connecting rod 6 and the third connecting rod 7 is connected to the bearing seat of the tension wheel 3. That is, the traction point 9 is located on the bearing seat of the tension wheel 3. The displacement of the traction point 9 drives the position change of the tension wheel 3. When the ground facing the tractor is hard and a faster speed is required, the first telescopic device 10 is contracted and the second telescopic device 11 is extended, so that the traction point 9 rises. At this time, the third connecting rod 7 overlaps with the first connecting rod 5, the tension wheel 3 is parallel to the fixed wheel 2, and the inverted trapezoidal track 1 is transformed into the first dead point state. The traction point 9 is in a state of force balance.

[0024] like Figure 2 As shown, when the ground is soft and the force-bearing area of ​​track 1 needs to be increased, the first telescopic device 10 is extended and the second telescopic device 11 is contracted, causing the traction point 9 to descend. At this time, the extension lines of the third connecting rod 7 and the first connecting rod 5 overlap, and the tension wheel 3 is parallel to the ground wheel 4, transforming into a triangular track 1, forming a second dead point state. The traction point 9 is in a state of force balance. Through the two dead point states, the tension wheel 3 can be fixed at the horizontal line where the fixed wheel 2 is located and the horizontal line where the ground wheel 4 is located, reducing the work done by each component of the conversion mechanism during the position change of track 1 and increasing the service life of the conversion mechanism.

[0025] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the first telescopic device 10 and the second telescopic device 11 are linked and work synchronously. When the first telescopic device 10 retracts, the second connecting rod 6 tends to move upward. At this time, the second telescopic device 11 extends synchronously, and the auxiliary traction point 9 moves upward. Compared with only a single telescopic device, the two telescopic devices working together make the shape change process of the track 1 easier. When the first telescopic device 10 extends, the second connecting rod 6 tends to move downward. At this time, the second telescopic device 11 retracts synchronously, so that the traction point 9 descends at a uniform speed, avoiding the rapid descent of the traction point 9, which would cause the entire conversion mechanism to become unbalanced and easily damaged.

[0026] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the tail of the first telescopic device 10 and the tail of the second telescopic device 11 are each connected to an actuator 12. The actuator 12 is a cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder. By setting the cylinder or hydraulic cylinder, the shape conversion process of the track 1 is automated.

[0027] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a buffer block 13 is provided between the second telescopic device 11 and the actuator 12. The buffer block 13 is located on the side close to the actuator 12. The buffer block 13 is a rubber block or a spring. During the retraction of the second telescopic device 11, it can prevent the second telescopic device 11 from colliding with the actuator 12 due to excessively fast extension and retraction, thereby reducing noise and lowering the probability of damage to various parts.

[0028] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the second telescopic device 11 is hinged to the machine body, and the second telescopic device 11 is hinged to the second connecting rod 6 via the sliding sleeve 14. The second telescopic device 11 slides along the second connecting rod 6 via the sliding sleeve 14. When the track 1 changes from a triangular track 1 to an inverted trapezoidal track 1, that is, during the process of the traction point 9 rising, the hinge point between the second connecting rod 6 and the second telescopic device 11 will continuously move towards the traction point 9, so that the lever arm of the second telescopic device 11 to the second connecting rod 6 will continuously increase, which is more labor-saving and makes the traction point 9 rise more easily.

[0029] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, multiple ground wheels 4 are arranged side by side. By setting multiple ground wheels 4 side by side, the track 1 is guided and supported, and together with the tension wheel 3, the tension of the track 1 is adjusted.

Claims

1. A tractor with adjustable track shape, comprising a tractor body and a drive unit and a transmission unit disposed on the body, the transmission unit comprising a track (1) and a fixed wheel (2), a tension wheel (3), and a ground wheel (4) encased in and cooperating with the track (1), the fixed wheel (2) being located on the upper side of the front end of the track (1) and connected to the power output end of the drive unit, the ground wheel (4) being located on the lower side of the track (1), and the tension wheel (3) being located on the rear end of the track (1), characterized in that, The tensioning wheel (3) switches between the horizontal line where the fixed wheel (2) is located and the horizontal line where the ground wheel (4) is located by means of a conversion mechanism. The conversion mechanism includes a first connecting rod (5) and a second connecting rod (6) hinged to the machine body, and a third connecting rod (7) hinged between the first connecting rod (5) and the second connecting rod (6). The hinge point between the first connecting rod (5) and the third connecting rod (7) is the lifting point (8), and the hinge point between the second connecting rod (6) and the third connecting rod (7) is the traction point (9) of the tensioning wheel (3). The conversion structure also includes a first telescopic device (10) and a second telescopic device (11) provided on the machine body. The first telescopic device (10) is connected to the lifting point (8), and the second telescopic device (11) is connected to the second connecting rod (6). The third connecting rod (7) switches between two positions: overlapping with the first connecting rod (5) and overlapping with the extension line of the first connecting rod (5).

2. The traction machine with adjustable track shape according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first telescopic device (10) and the second telescopic device (11) are linked together, and the first telescopic device (10) and the second telescopic device (11) work synchronously.

3. The traction machine with adjustable track shape according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tail of the first telescopic device (10) and the tail of the second telescopic device (11) are each connected to an actuator (12), which is a cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder.

4. A traction machine with adjustable track shape according to claim 3, characterized in that, A buffer block (13) is provided between the second telescopic device (11) and the actuator (12), and the buffer block (13) is provided on the side close to the actuator (12).

5. A traction machine with adjustable track shape according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second telescopic device (11) is hinged to the body, and the second telescopic device (11) is hinged to the second connecting rod (6) by means of the sliding sleeve (14). The second telescopic device (11) slides along the second connecting rod (6) by means of the sliding sleeve (14).

6. A traction machine with adjustable track shape according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ground wheels (4) are arranged in multiple rows.

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