A melting system for smelting tailings

Abstract

The present invention provides a melting system for smelting tailings, which includes a feeding system, a slag system, a smoke treatment system, a smelting furnace and a water quenching system, wherein the slag system includes a slag furnace and a matching air supply system and a circulating water system; the slag furnace is divided into a smelting pool and a clarifier by a partition wall, the side wall of the smelting pool is provided with an interface and a feed port connected to the feeding system, and the top of the smelting pool is provided with a flue connected to the smoke treatment system. The present invention first spreads part of the tempering agent raw material on the surface of the liquid tailings to achieve premixing, and stirs the liquid tailings and the tempering agent raw material by slowly aerating the smelting pool so that they are evenly mixed and melted to form a melt, and then the mixture is allowed to stand and homogenize in the clarifier, thereby improving the melting efficiency and the quality of the melt, avoiding the influence of molten iron and other metals generated during the melting process, and creating conditions for the subsequent utilization of the glassy melt.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of solid waste resource utilization, and in particular relates to a melting system for smelting tailings. Background Art

[0002] The smelting process of non-ferrous metals inevitably produces large amounts of slag, a major solid waste for non-ferrous metallurgical enterprises. Currently, my country produces hundreds of millions of tons of non-ferrous smelting slag annually. Small amounts of heavy metals still remain in the final tailings, making them of low value for metal recovery. Currently, water quenching is commonly used to convert the slag into a glassy, ​​water-quenched slag, where the remaining heavy metals are trapped and then used in building materials such as building aggregates and cement blends, or disposed of in landfills. However, non-ferrous metal smelting tailings are a high-temperature liquid melt upon exiting the furnace, accumulating significant amounts of heat. Cooling them down through methods such as water quenching before reuse results in significant energy waste and is detrimental to energy conservation. Non-ferrous metal smelting slags primarily include CaO-FeO-SiO2 and CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 slag types. The tailings' composition, including SiO2, Fe2O3, CaO, Al2O3, MgO, and small amounts of metals, is similar to that of glassy inorganic materials, making them an important alternative raw material for glassy inorganic materials. To fully utilize the heat from non-ferrous metal smelting tailings and seal any remaining heavy metals, a number of technologies have emerged to directly utilize liquid tailings to produce glassy inorganic materials. For example, Chinese invention patent application number CN2011100565319 discloses a method for producing mineral wool fiber using the sensible heat of nickel alloy molten slag from an electric arc furnace. The molten slag from the nickel alloy smelting process is mixed and melted with limestone, dolomite, and basalt powders in a proportional ratio to achieve an acidity coefficient of 1.3-1.5. The molten slag is then formed into mineral wool fiber using a four-roll centrifuge. Chinese invention patent application number CN2014101271123 discloses a method for processing copper smelting slag. The slag is mixed with a slagging agent and a reducing agent, smelted twice, and then smelted to produce copper and iron, respectively. The slag is then spun into inorganic fiber. Chinese invention patent application number CN2015101532382 discloses a method for preparing calcium iron pyroxene microcrystalline glass from lead slag. The method uses lead slag as the main raw material, waste glass and fly ash as adjusting raw materials, chromium oxide, nickel oxide and pyrolusite as colorants, and obtains calcium iron pyroxene microcrystalline glass in various colors through mixing, melting, casting, annealing, nucleation and crystallization processes.

[0003] Although the composition of non-ferrous metal smelting tailings is similar to that of glassy inorganic materials, the proportions differ significantly, making direct utilization difficult. Tempering treatment is required. For example, rock wool, a non-ferrous metal smelting tailings, has a high Fe2O3 content and insufficient or inappropriate proportions of Al2O3, SiO2, MgO, and CaO. Therefore, it requires the addition of various raw materials for tempering before it can be further processed into cotton fibers. Currently, the technology for directly utilizing non-ferrous metal smelting tailings to produce glassy inorganic materials is not mature enough and has not yet achieved large-scale industrial application. For one thing, non-ferrous metal smelting tailings are a high-temperature liquid melt, while the tempering agent is a cold material, making mixing the two difficult and resulting in low melting efficiency. Furthermore, existing technologies often involve first smelting to remove iron and recover metals such as copper and lead. This complex process makes smelting and recycling low-metal content tailings difficult and costly, resulting in poor economic benefits. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a melting system for smelting tailings to solve the technical problem of difficulty in mixing liquid tailings with raw materials.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the specific technical solutions of the present invention are as follows:

[0006] A smelting tailings melting system, comprising: a feeding system, a slag system and a smoke and dust treatment system, a smelting furnace, and a water quenching system;

[0007] The slag system includes a slag furnace and a matching air supply system and circulating water system. The slag furnace is provided with a flue at the top of the smelting pool, and the flue is connected to the smoke treatment system.

[0008] The slag furnace has a double melting tank structure, the interior of which is divided into a smelting tank and a clarifier tank by a partition wall. The partition wall is arranged at the bottom of the slag furnace and extends upward relative to the inner wall of the bottom of the slag furnace. The upper spaces of the smelting tank and the clarifier tank are connected to each other.

[0009] The slag furnace is provided with an interface on one side of the smelting pool, and the slag furnace is provided with feeding ports at both ends of the smelting pool, the interface and the feeding ports are both connected to the feeding system, and the slag furnace is provided with a flow port on one side of the clarifier;

[0010] The slag furnace is further provided with a tuyere and a first molten iron outlet on one side of the smelting pool, and the slag furnace is further provided with a second molten iron outlet on one side of the clarifier pool, the tuyere is connected to the air supply system, and the first molten iron outlet and the second molten iron outlet are connected to the ladle;

[0011] The feeding system includes a chute and multiple furnace front bins. The chute is inclined downward by 5-15 degrees relative to the horizontal plane. The feeding end of the chute is connected to the slag discharge port of the smelting furnace, and the discharge end of the chute is connected to the interface. Multiple feeding ports are provided on the top of the chute, and the feeding ports are all connected to the discharge port of the furnace front bin. The discharge port of the furnace front bin is also connected to the feeding port.

[0012] Therefore, with glassy inorganic materials as the goal, a melting pool smelting process is used to melt non-ferrous metal smelting tailings and tempering agents to form a uniform and stable glassy melt. First, the high-temperature liquid tailings are drained into the slag furnace through a chute, and the tempering agent in the furnace front chamber enters the chute from the feeding port and is pre-mixed with the liquid tailings. Then, the slag furnace adopts a double melting pool structure. By slowly inflating the smelting pool, the liquid tailings and the tempering agent raw material are forcibly mixed, accelerating mass transfer and heat exchange, so that the tempering agent and liquid tailings mix and melt to form a glassy melt. Finally, the glassy melt is kept warm in a clarifier and further homogenized to form a uniform and stable glassy melt, which can be discharged from the discharge port and used to produce products such as mineral wool, microcrystalline glass, and building aggregates. A small amount of metal-containing molten iron produced during the melting process of liquid tailings and tempering agents sinks to the bottom of the smelting pool or clarifier, and is separated from the glassy melt. It can be discharged from the molten iron outlet into the ladle, and can be further separated and recovered as iron, copper, nickel and other valuable metals, thereby preventing the molten iron from affecting the quality of the melt and recovering some metals; some volatile metals are enriched in the flue, enter the smoke dust treatment system, and are further recovered through leaching.

[0013] Furthermore, the horizontal elevations of the tuyere, the first molten iron nozzle and the second molten iron nozzle are lower than the interface, the horizontal elevation of the feeding port is higher than the interface, and the horizontal elevation of the top of the partition wall is 0-200 mm higher than the feeding port; preferably, the horizontal elevation of the top of the partition wall is the same as that of the feeding port.

[0014] Furthermore, the smoke dust treatment system includes a heat exchanger, a denitrification system, a quenching tower, a bag dust collector and a fan connected in sequence. The heat exchanger is connected to the flue. The smoke dust treatment system allows the smoke generated by the slag furnace to first be cooled by heat exchange in the heat exchanger, and then enter the denitrification system to purify nitrogen oxides. The denitrified smoke is quickly cooled in the quenching tower and then filtered through the bag dust collector to obtain smoke ash.

[0015] Furthermore, the slag furnace and the chute are both provided with water cooling devices, and the water cooling devices are connected to the circulating water system.

[0016] Furthermore, the chute is provided with an emergency switching port, which is connected to the water quenching system.

[0017] Furthermore, the bottom of the chute maintains the smelting slag and hot slag to a depth of δ=50-200 mm.

[0018] Furthermore, the discharge end is trumpet-shaped, the bottom of the discharge end is tilted, and the discharge end has a long side L1 and a short side L2. The long side L1 of the discharge end is 0.4-0.6 times the end of the slag furnace, and the short side L2 of the discharge end is 0.4-0.6 times the long side L1.

[0019] Furthermore, a connecting port is provided at the waist of the partition wall, and the connecting port connects the smelting pool and the clarification pool.

[0020] Furthermore, the chute is inclined from the smelting furnace to the slag furnace.

[0021] In addition, a flow monitoring device is provided at the feed end of the chute closest to the smelting furnace, which can measure the flow of liquid tailings in real time, and add the conditioning agent synchronously and quantitatively according to the flow of liquid tailings, so as to achieve precise batching and pre-mixing of liquid tailings and conditioning agent.

[0022] In addition, the slag furnace is provided with an ear pool on one side of the clarification tank, and the flow port is arranged at the bottom of the ear pool.

[0023] In addition, the discharge end of the forehouse is equipped with a first weighing device and a second weighing device. The first weighing device is connected to the feed port, and the second weighing device is connected to the feed port. Feeding / feeding equipment is provided between the forehouse and the first weighing device, and between the first weighing device and the feed port on the chute. Feeding / feeding equipment is also provided between the forehouse and the second weighing device, and between the second weighing device and the feed port of the slag furnace. When the particle size of the conditioning agent is less than or equal to 0.15 mm, the feeding / feeding equipment is a screw conveyor; when the particle size of the conditioning agent is greater than 0.15 mm, the feeding / feeding equipment is a vibrating feeder.

[0024] In addition, the smelting furnace is a non-ferrous metal bath smelting furnace, including side-blown furnace, bottom-blown furnace, top-blown furnace, flash furnace, Mitsubishi furnace, etc. The smelting furnace is the end smelting furnace of the non-ferrous metal bath smelting system, that is, the smelting furnace that produces high-temperature liquid tailings.

[0025] Furthermore, the chute is a closed structure, made of refractory material or stainless steel or copper with a water jacket, and is provided with one or more feeding ports on the top plate; preferably, the chute is made of stainless steel with a water jacket, and is provided with multiple feeding ports on the top.

[0026] Furthermore, there are multiple sets of weighing devices, with one set for each feeding port of the slag furnace and each feeding port of the chute.

[0027] Furthermore, the interfaces of the slag furnace are, from bottom to top, the feed port, the first molten iron port / the second molten iron port, the connecting port, the tuyere port, the interface between the chute and the slag furnace, the feeding port, and the feeding hole.

[0028] Furthermore, the slag furnace has one or more first and second hot metal nozzles; preferably, the slag furnace has one first and second hot metal nozzles. Optionally, the first hot metal nozzle of the slag furnace is located in the center of the slag furnace smelting pool or on the same side as the water quenching system, and the second hot metal nozzle is on the same side as the water quenching system.

[0029] Furthermore, the slag furnace has multiple tuyere openings; preferably, all the tuyere openings of the slag furnace are located at the same height and are equidistantly distributed.

[0030] Furthermore, the slag furnace has one or more connecting ports; preferably, the slag furnace has two connecting ports, which are of the same size; further, the connecting ports of the slag furnace have the same height and are located at the same height.

[0031] Furthermore, when the slag furnace is in operation, the melt level is used as a control condition, that is, the melt level is located between the interface between the chute and the slag furnace and the tuyere of the slag furnace.

[0032] Furthermore, the smelting pool of the slag furnace is at the same height as the bottom of the clarifier; furthermore, the bottom of the area where the material flow port is located is lower than the bottom of the clarifier.

[0033] Optionally, the clarifier tank of the slag furnace further includes an ear pool, that is, the area where the flow port is located; preferably, the clarifier tank of the slag furnace is separated from the bottom of the ear pool, and the melt in the clarifier tank enters the ear pool from the top.

[0034] Furthermore, the operating temperature of the smelting pool and clarifier of the slag furnace and the exhaust temperature of the flue gas are both 1200~1600℃, the exhaust temperature of the heat exchanger and the operating temperature of the denitrification system are both 800~1100℃, and the exhaust temperature of the quenching tower is 150~200℃.

[0035] Furthermore, the operating water temperature of the circulating water system is 30-70°C.

[0036] Furthermore, the present invention is applicable to a material having a particle size of 0-30 mm, a moisture content of 0-10 wt %, and a melting temperature of 1200-1600° C.

[0037] The melting system of smelting tailings of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0038] 1) The present invention adopts a bath smelting process to melt the liquid tailings of non-ferrous metal smelting with a tempering agent in one step to obtain a glassy high-temperature melt, which simplifies the process flow and is easy to realize industrial production.

[0039] 2) The present invention can quantitatively and synchronously add liquid tailings and conditioning agents into the slag furnace, and force the liquid tailings and conditioning agents to mix by slow aeration. Part of the conditioning agent can also be added from the chute to pre-mix with the liquid tailings, thereby fully mixing the liquid tailings and conditioning agent raw materials, improving mass transfer and heat exchange efficiency, reducing energy consumption and improving melt quality.

[0040] 3) The present invention adopts a slag furnace with a double melting tank structure. The liquid tailings and the tempering agent raw material are first melted in the melting tank, and then allowed to stand and homogenize in the clarification tank. This prevents the molten iron and other metals generated during the melting process from affecting the clarification of the melt, improves the quality of the melt, and creates conditions for the subsequent utilization of the glassy melt.

[0041] 4) The present invention is similar to the non-ferrous metal smelting system and can be well connected with it, sharing similar auxiliary facilities, extending the metal smelting system, and realizing the high-value utilization of liquid tailings, thereby reducing the investment of the entire system.

[0042] 5) The present invention can realize the coordinated utilization of liquid tailings and various solid / hazardous wastes, achieve harmlessness through melting, and convert them into glassy inorganic materials with leaching toxicity that meets the requirements. While melting, some metals are recovered, thereby increasing added value and reducing system operating costs. The entire system can achieve non-toxic and no secondary solid waste emissions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the melting system of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 Schematic cross-sectional view of a slag furnace according to the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 for Figure 2 AA cross-sectional view;

[0046] Figure 4 for Figure 2 BB cross-sectional view;

[0047] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the feeding system;

[0048] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the lateral structure of the chute;

[0049] Figure 7 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a top view of a structure in one embodiment;

[0050] Figure 8 for Figure 5 A top view and a schematic structural diagram in another embodiment.

[0051] Explanation of the symbols in the figure: 1. Smelting furnace; 1-1. Slag discharge port; 2. Chute; 2-1. Discharge end; S1. Feeding system; S2. Slag system; S3. Dust treatment system; 3. Furnace front bin; 4. First weighing device; 5. Second weighing device; 6. Slag furnace; 6-1. Flue; 6-2. Feeding port; 6-3. Feeding hole; 6-4. Interface; 6-5. Tuyere; 6-6. First molten iron outlet; 6-7. Connecting port; 6-8. Feeding port; 6-9. Second molten iron outlet; 6-10. Partition wall; 6-11. Smelting pool; 6-12. Clarifier; 7. Heat exchanger; 8. Denitrification system; 9. Quench tower; 10. Bag filter; 11. Fan. 12. Ladle; 13. Operation panel; 14. Air supply system; 15. Circulating water system; 16. Water quenching system; YM, liquid level; JLK, charging port DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] In order to better understand the purpose, structure and function of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] like Figure 1 As shown, a melting system for smelting tailings of the present invention includes: a feeding system S1, a slag system S2, a smoke treatment system S3, a smelting furnace 1 and a water quenching system 16.

[0055] The slag system S2 includes a slag furnace 6 and a matching gas supply system 14 and a circulating water system 15 .

[0056] like Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the slag furnace 6 has a dual melting tank structure. The interior of the slag furnace 6 is divided into a smelting tank 6-11 and a clarifier 6-12 by a partition wall 6-10 made of refractory material. The bottoms of the slag furnace 6-11 and clarifier 6-12 are at the same height. The partition wall 6-10 is located at the bottom of the slag furnace 6 and extends upward relative to the inner wall of the slag furnace 6. The inner wall of the bottom of the slag furnace 6 is a rectangle measuring 5000 x 3000 mm. The length ratio of the smelting tank 6-11 to the clarifier 6-12 is 3:5 (measured from the center of the partition wall), and the bottoms of the tanks are at the same height.

[0057] The upper spaces of the smelting tank 6-11 and the clarifier tank 6-12 are interconnected. Two connecting openings 6-7 are provided at the waist of the partition wall 6-10. These connecting openings 6-7 connect the central spaces of the smelting tank 6-11 and the clarifier tank 6-12. Both connecting openings 6-7 are of the same size and height. Specifically, the connecting opening 6-7 of the slag furnace 6 is a 400×100 mm rectangular shape. The two connecting openings 6-7 are symmetrically arranged around the center of the slag furnace 6, with the center of the connecting opening 6-7 550 mm from the tank bottom.

[0058] The slag furnace 6 is provided with a flue 6-1 at the top of the smelting pool 6-11. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the flue 6-1 is connected to the smoke dust treatment system S3, which includes a heat exchanger 7, a denitrification system 8, a quenching tower 9, a bag filter 10, and a fan 11 connected in sequence. The flue 6-1 is connected to the heat exchanger 7. The flue gas generated by the slag furnace is first cooled by heat exchange in the heat exchanger 7, and then enters the denitrification system 8 to purify nitrogen oxides. The denitrified flue gas is rapidly cooled in the quenching tower 9 and then filtered by the bag filter 10 to obtain smoke ash.

[0059] The operating temperature of the smelting pool 6-11 and the clarifier 6-12 of the slag furnace 6 and the outlet temperature of the flue gas are both 1200-1600°C, the exhaust temperature of the heat exchanger 7 and the operating temperature of the denitrification system are both 800-1100°C, and the exhaust temperature of the quenching tower is 150-200°C.

[0060] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the slag furnace 6 is equipped with an interface 6-4 on one side of the smelting pool 6-11. A feeding port 6-2 is provided at each end of the smelting pool 6-11, each with a feeding hole 6-3. The feeding ports 6-2 and feeding holes 6-3 are symmetrically arranged along the centerline of the slag furnace's length. Both the interface 6-4 and the feeding port 6-2 are connected to the feeding system S1. The slag furnace 6 is equipped with an ear tank on one side of the clarifier, with the feed port 6-8 located at the bottom of the ear tank. The clarifier 6-12 of the slag furnace 6 is separated from the bottom of the ear tank, and the melt in the clarifier 6-12 enters the ear tank from the top. The ear tank is a 600×800 mm rectangular tank. The top of the partition is 1000 mm from the tank bottom (200 mm below the melt level), the top of the ear tank is 2250 mm from the tank bottom, and the bottom of the ear tank is 150 mm below the tank bottom. The flow ports 6-8 are circular holes with a diameter of 80 mm, located in the center of the bottom of the ear pool.

[0061] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, the slag furnace 6 is further provided with a tuyere 6-5 and a first molten iron nozzle 6-6 on one side of the smelting pool 6-11, and a second molten iron nozzle 6-9 on one side of the clarifier 6-12. The tuyere 6-5, the first molten iron nozzle 6-6, and the second molten iron nozzle 6-9 are located at a lower level than the interface 6-4. The feed port 6-2 is located at a higher level than the interface 6-4. The top of the partition wall 6-10 is at the same level as the feed port. All tuyere 6-5 of the slag furnace 6 are located at the same height and are evenly spaced. Tuyeres are installed on the tuyere 6-5 and are connected to an air supply system 14. An operating panel 13 is provided between the air supply system 14 and the tuyere for controlling the air volume. The first molten iron nozzle 6-6 and the second molten iron nozzle 6-9 are connected to a ladle 12. Preferably, the slag furnace 6 has one first molten iron nozzle 6-6 and one second molten iron nozzle 6-9. The first molten iron nozzle 6-6 is located in the center of the slag furnace 6 smelting pool or on the same side as the water quenching system 16, and the second molten iron nozzle 6-9 is on the same side as the water quenching system 16. During operation, the slag furnace 6 is controlled by the melt level, i.e., the melt level is located between the interface 6-4 between the chute 2 and the slag furnace 6 and the tuyere 6-5 of the slag furnace 6. The center of the feeding hole 6-3 of the slag furnace 6 smelting pool is 2200 mm from the pool bottom, the top edge of the interface 6-4 between the chute 2 and the slag furnace 6 is 2020 mm from the pool bottom, and the top of the partition between the smelting pool and the clarifier is 2250 mm from the pool bottom. When the slag furnace 6 is in operation, the melt level is controlled by the melt surface line, which is 1200 mm away from the pool bottom and is located between the interface 6-4 between the chute 2 and the slag furnace 6 and the tuyere 6-5 of the slag furnace 6. The slag furnace 6 has one first molten iron outlet 6-6 and one second molten iron outlet 6-9. The first molten iron outlet is a circular outlet with a diameter of 50 mm and is located in the center of the front wall of the slag furnace 6, directly below the chute 2, with the center of the outlet 35 mm away from the pool bottom. The second molten iron outlet is a circular outlet with a diameter of 50 mm and is located on the left wall at the rear end of the slag furnace 6. The center of the outlet is 35 mm away from the pool bottom and 100 mm away from the inner wall of the rear end pool. Figure 4 As shown, the slag furnace 6 has six tuyere openings 6-5, four of which are located on the front wall of the smelting pool. They are symmetrically arranged along the center of the slag furnace 6, with a spacing of 500 mm. There is one feeding port 6-2 on each side, and they are also symmetrically arranged. All tuyere openings 6-5 are located at the same height, with the center of the opening 750 mm from the pool bottom.

[0062] like Figure 2As shown, the interfaces of the slag furnace 6, from bottom to top, are the feed inlet 6-8, the first molten iron inlet 6-6 / the second molten iron inlet 6-9, the connecting port 6-7, the tuyere 6-5, the interface 6-4 between the chute 2 and the slag furnace 6, the charging port 6-2, and the charging hole 6-3. The partition wall between the smelting pool 6-11 and the clarifier 6-12 of the slag furnace 6 is higher than the bottom edge of the charging port 6-2 of the smelting pool 6-11 and higher than the top edge of the interface 6-4 between the chute 2 and the slag furnace 6. The slag furnace 6 has one or more first and second molten iron inlets 6-6 and 6-9. Preferably, the slag furnace 6 has one first and second molten iron inlets 6-6 and 6-9. Optionally, the first molten iron nozzle 6-6 of the slag furnace 6 is located in the middle of the slag furnace 6 smelting pool or on the same side as the water quenching system 16, and the second molten iron nozzle 6-9 is on the same side as the water quenching system 16. The slag furnace 6 has multiple tuyere openings 6-5. Preferably, all the tuyere openings of the slag furnace 6 are located at the same height and are equidistantly distributed. The slag furnace 6 has one or more connecting openings 6-7. Preferably, the slag furnace 6 has two connecting openings 6-7 of the same size. Furthermore, the connecting openings 6-7 of the slag furnace 6 are of the same height and are located at the same height. When the slag furnace 6 is in operation, the melt level is used as the control condition, that is, the melt level is located between the interface 6-4 between the chute 2 and the slag furnace 6 and the tuyere opening 6-5 of the slag furnace 6. The smelting pool of the slag furnace 6 is at the same height as the bottom of the clarifier. Furthermore, the bottom of the pool in the area where the flow ports 6-8 are located is lower than the bottom of the clarifier. The clarifier of the slag furnace 6 also includes an ear pool, namely the area where the flow ports 6-8 are located. Preferably, the clarifier of the slag furnace 6 is separated from the bottom of the ear pool, and the melt in the clarifier enters the ear pool from the top. The operating temperature of the smelting pool and clarifier of the slag furnace 6 and the outlet temperature of the flue gas are both 1200-1600°C, the exhaust temperature of the heat exchanger 7 and the operating temperature of the denitrification system are both 800-1100°C, and the exhaust temperature of the quenching tower is 150-200°C.

[0063] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the feeding system S1 includes a chute 2 and multiple forehearth bins 3. Preferably, each slag furnace 6 has at least one forehearth bin 3 corresponding to its feeding port 6-2, and the forehearth bin 3 is connected to the feeding port 6-2 via a feeding hole 6-3. There is at least one forehearth bin on the chute 2. The chute 2 is arranged horizontally and tilted downward at a 5-15° angle relative to the horizontal, preferably at a 15° angle. A flow monitoring device is provided at the end of the chute 2 closest to the smelting furnace 1 to measure the flow rate of the hot tailings in real time.

[0064] The upper end of the chute 2 is connected to the slag discharge port of the smelting furnace 1. The smelting furnace 1 is a non-ferrous metal bath smelting furnace, including side-blown furnaces, bottom-blown furnaces, top-blown furnaces, flash furnaces, Mitsubishi furnaces, etc. Preferably, the smelting furnace 1 is the terminal smelting furnace of a non-ferrous metal bath smelting system, i.e., a smelting furnace that produces high-temperature liquid tailings. The smelting furnace 1 is preferably a lead fumigation furnace. The chute 2 is a closed structure, constructed of refractory masonry or stainless steel or copper with a water jacket. Preferably, the chute 2 is constructed of stainless steel with a water jacket. The lower end of the chute 2 is connected to the interface 6-4. The top of the chute 2 is provided with multiple feeding ports, each of which is connected to the discharge end of the furnace fore bin 3.

[0065] Liquid tailings are fed into the slag furnace 6 through the chute 2, and part of the conditioning agent can be added from the feeding port and spread on the surface of the melt to be pre-mixed with the liquid tailings. The discharge end of the furnace front bin 3 is also connected to the feeding port 6-2.

[0066] The smelting furnace 1 is connected to the slag furnace 6 through the chute 2, wherein the slag discharge port of the smelting furnace 1 is higher than the interface between the chute 2 and the slag furnace 6. The forehouse 3 is located above the feeding port of the slag furnace 6, and the discharge end of the forehouse is provided with a first weighing device and a second weighing device, the first weighing device is connected to the feeding port, and the second weighing device is connected to the feeding port. Feeding / feeding equipment is provided between the forehouse and the first weighing device, and between the first weighing device and the feeding port on the chute, and between the forehouse and the second weighing device, and between the second weighing device and the feeding port of the slag furnace. When the particle size of the tempering agent is less than or equal to 0.15 mm, the feeding / feeding equipment is a screw conveyor. When the particle size of the tempering agent is greater than 0.15 mm, the feeding / feeding equipment is a vibrating feeder.

[0067] The slag furnace 6 is equipped with a water cooling device. Both the water cooling device and the water jacket of the chute 2 are connected to the circulating water system 15. The operating water temperature of the circulating water system is 30-70°C. The chute 2 is also equipped with an emergency switch port, which is connected to the water quenching system 16.

[0068] like Figure 6 As shown, the chute 2 has a U-shaped cross-section. The hot slag in the chute 2 should submerge the entire U-shaped bottom, maintaining a depth δ of 50-200 mm. The chute 2 has a width B = 400 mm, a height H = 500 mm, and a length of 5500 mm. The chute 2 is inclined from the smelting furnace 1 toward the slag furnace 3, forming an angle α = 80° with the vertical.

[0069] like Figure 7As shown, the discharge end 2-1 is trumpet-shaped, the bottom of the discharge end 2-1 is tilted, the discharge end 2-1 has a long side L1 and a short side L2, the long side L1 of the discharge end 2-1 is the end of the slag furnace (such as Figure 3 As shown, the end of the slag furnace refers to 0.5 times L3), and the short side L2 of the discharge end 2-1 is 0.5 times the long side L1.

[0070] like Figure 5 As shown, the bottom of the discharge end 2-1 is tilted downward, and the angle β with the vertical direction is 30 degrees. The top of the chute 2 is provided with four feeding ports, namely the first feeding port 2-B1, the second feeding port 2-B2, the third feeding port 2-B3, and the fourth feeding port 2-A, wherein the fourth feeding port 2-A is located above the interface 6-4. The first feeding port 2-B1, the second feeding port 2-B2, and the third feeding port 2-B3 are arranged between the slag discharge port 1-1 and the interface 6-4. There is a distance c between the third feeding port 2-B3 and the second feeding port 2-B2, a distance b between the second feeding port 2-B2 and the first feeding port 2-B1, and a distance a between the first feeding port 2-B1 and the fourth feeding port 2-A. In this embodiment, a=1300 mm, b=c=1200 mm. The fourth feeding port 2-A is a circular feeding port with a diameter of 400 mm and is located at the center of the discharge end 2-1 of the chute 2. The first feeding port 2-B1, the second feeding port 2-B2, and the third feeding port 2-B3 are all circular with a diameter of 200 mm.

[0071] The smelting tailings melting system provided by the present invention operates as follows: High-temperature liquid tailings from non-ferrous metal smelting are mixed with a tempering agent and melted at high temperature to form a glassy melt. The present invention is applicable to materials with a particle size of 0-30 mm, a moisture content of 0-10 wt%, and a melting temperature of 1200-1600°C. The material flow is as follows: the high-temperature liquid tailings from smelting furnace 1 flows through chute 2 into the smelting pool of slag furnace 6. The tempering agent, fuel, etc. enter the smelting pool of slag furnace 6 through a feed port 6-2 on the slag furnace 6 and a feed port on chute 2, where they are melted at high temperature to produce a melt. The resulting flue gas is discharged from flue 6-1 of slag furnace 6, undergoes heat exchange and denitrification, and then enters a quench tower 9 for rapid cooling. It is then filtered through a bag filter 10 to produce ash. The small amount of molten iron produced during smelting, which contains a mixture of copper, nickel, and other metals, sinks to the bottom of the smelting tank and clarifier, and is discharged from molten iron outlets 6-7 and 6-9 into ladle 12, where it can be further separated and recovered from valuable metals such as iron and copper and nickel. The melt is further homogenized in the clarifier to form a uniform, stable glass body, which can be discharged from outlets 6-8 for use in the production of products such as mineral wool, microcrystalline glass, and building aggregates. The smoke collected by the bag filter 10 and the quenching tower 9 can be further leached to obtain a filtrate and residue containing lead, zinc, and other metals. The residue is dried and mixed with a tempering agent. The filtrate can be used to further recover valuable metals and crude salt. The filtered flue gas is further treated with desulfurization and other treatments before being discharged to meet standards.

[0072] Example 2

[0073] like Figure 8 As shown, this embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that the first feeding port 2-B1, the second feeding port 2-B2, and the third feeding port 2-B3 on the chute 2 are all rectangular, wherein the fourth feeding port 2-A at the top of the discharge end 2-1 is a rectangle of 250×500 mm, that is, A-L1=250 mm, A-L2=500 mm; the remaining first feeding port 2-B1, the second feeding port 2-B2, and the third feeding port 2-B3 are all rectangles of 200×120 mm, that is, B-L1=200 mm, B-L2=120 mm.

[0074] Example 3

[0075] like Figure 6 As shown, the chute 2 has a U-shaped cross-section. The hot slag in the chute 2 should submerge the entire U-shaped bottom, maintaining a depth δ of 50-200 mm. The chute 2 has a width B = 500 mm, a height H = 650 mm, and a length of 4500 mm. The chute 2 is inclined from the smelting furnace 1 toward the slag furnace 3, forming an angle α with the vertical direction, α = 85°.

[0076] like Figure 7As shown, the discharge end 2-1 is trumpet-shaped, the bottom of the discharge end 2-1 is tilted, and the discharge end 2-1 has a long side L1 and a short side L2. The long side L1 of the discharge end 2-1 is 0.6 times the length of the slag furnace end (L3).

[0077] like Figure 5 As shown, the bottom of the discharge end 2-1 on the front projection plane is a downward inclined surface, and the angle β between the inclined surface and the vertical direction is 45°.

[0078] The top of the chute 2 is equipped with three feeding ports, distributed along the length of the chute 2 from the slag discharge port 1-1 to the discharge end 2-1. The fourth feeding port 2-A is located above the discharge end 2-1. The remaining two feeding ports are distributed along the chute 2, forming the first feeding port 2-B1 and the second feeding port 2-B2, respectively. The first feeding port 2-B1 and the fourth feeding port 2-A are separated by a distance a, and the second feeding port 2-B2 and the first feeding port 2-B1 are separated by a distance b. The distances a and b are 1400 mm and 1400 mm, respectively.

[0079] In this embodiment, the fourth feeding port 2-A is a rectangle with a size of 400×500 mm, and the other two first feeding ports 2-B1 and the second feeding port 2-B2 are circular with a diameter of 250 mm.

[0080] Example 4

[0081] like Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that the smelting furnace 1 is a lead fumigation furnace. The chute 2 has a width B = 350 mm, a height H = 500 mm, and a length of 6000 mm. The angle α is 75°.

[0082] In this embodiment, the discharge end 2-1 of the chute 2 is trumpet-shaped, with a length L1 equal to 0.4 times the width of the slag furnace 3, and a width L2 of the discharge port 3-1 equal to 0.4 times the length L1. The bottom surface of the discharge end 2-1 is inclined, and the angle β with the vertical direction is 45°.

[0083] The top of the chute 2 is equipped with five feed ports: the first feed port 2-B1, the second feed port 2-B2, the third feed port 2-B3, the fifth feed port 2-B4, and the fourth feed port 2-A. The fourth feed port 2-A is located above the interface 6-4. The first, second, third, and fifth feed ports 2-B1, 2-B2, 2-B3, and 2-B4 (not shown) are arranged between the slag discharge port 1-1 and the interface 6-4. The fifth feed port 2-B4 and the third feed port 2-B3 form a diameter spacing d, the third feed port 2-B3 and the second feed port 2-B2 form a diameter spacing c, the second feed port 2-B2 and the first feed port 2-B1 form a diameter spacing b, and the first feed port 2-B1 and the fourth feed port 2-A form a diameter spacing a = 1300 mm, b = c = d = 1200 mm. The fourth feeding port 2-A is located above the discharge end 2-1 and is a circular feeding port with a diameter of 360 mm. The remaining four feeding ports are circular with a diameter of 160 mm.

[0084] like Figure 7 As shown, when in use, the bottom of the chute 2 is a liquid slag layer ZC, and a cold material layer LC is added into the chute 2 from the feeding port, spread on the surface of the liquid slag layer ZC and then flows into the slag furnace, so that the cold material and the smelting slag are evenly mixed.

[0085] It will be understood that the present invention is described by way of some embodiments, and it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes or equivalent substitutions may be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. In addition, under the teachings of the present invention, these features and embodiments may be modified to adapt to specific circumstances and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application are intended to be protected by the present invention.

Claims

1. A melting system for smelting tailings, comprising: A feeding system (S1), a slag system (S2), a smoke treatment system (S3), a smelting furnace (1), and a water quenching system (16), characterized in that: The slag system (S2) includes a slag furnace (6) and a matching gas supply system (14) and a circulating water system (15); the slag furnace (6) is provided with a flue (6-1) at the top of the smelting pool, and the flue (6-1) is connected to the smoke treatment system (S3); The slag furnace (6) is a double melting tank structure, the interior of which is divided into a smelting tank (6-11) and a clarification tank (6-12) by a partition wall (6-10), the partition wall (6-10) is arranged at the bottom of the slag furnace (6) and extends upward relative to the inner wall of the bottom of the slag furnace (6), and the upper spaces of the smelting tank (6-11) and the clarification tank (6-12) are connected to each other; The slag furnace (6) is provided with an interface (6-4) on one side of the smelting pool (6-11), and the slag furnace (6) is provided with a feeding port (6-2) at both ends of the smelting pool (6-11), and the interface (6-4) and the feeding port (6-2) are both connected to the feeding system (S1), and the slag furnace (6) is provided with a flow port (6-8) on one side of the clarifier (6-12); The slag furnace (6) is further provided with a tuyere (6-5) and a first molten iron nozzle (6-6) on one side of the smelting pool (6-11), and the slag furnace (6) is further provided with a second molten iron nozzle (6-9) on one side of the clarifier (6-12), the tuyere (6-5) being in communication with an air supply system (14), and the first molten iron nozzle (6-6) and the second molten iron nozzle (6-9) being in communication with a ladle (12); The feeding system (S1) includes a chute (2) and a plurality of furnace front bins (3), the chute (2) is inclined downward by 5-15 degrees relative to the horizontal plane, the feeding end of the chute (2) is connected to the slag discharge port (1-1) of the smelting furnace (1), the discharge end (2-1) of the chute (2) is connected to the interface (6-4), the top of the chute (2) is provided with a plurality of feeding ports, the plurality of feeding ports are all connected to the discharge port of the furnace front bin (3), and the discharge port of the furnace front bin (3) is also connected to the feeding port (6-2); A connecting port (6-7) is provided at the waist of the partition wall (6-10), and the connecting port (6-7) connects the smelting pool (6-11) and the clarification pool (6-12).

2. The melting system for smelting tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal elevations of the tuyere (6-5), the first molten iron outlet (6-6) and the second molten iron outlet (6-9) are lower than the interface (6-4), the horizontal elevation of the feeding port (6-2) is higher than the interface (6-4), and the horizontal elevation of the top of the partition wall (6-10) is 0-200 mm higher than that of the feeding port (6-2).

3. The melting system for smelting tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The smoke treatment system (S3) comprises a heat exchanger (7), a denitrification system (8), a quenching tower (9), a bag filter (10) and a fan (11) connected in sequence, and the heat exchanger (7) is connected to the flue (6-1).

4. The melting system for smelting tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slag furnace (6) and the chute (2) are both provided with water cooling devices, and the water cooling devices are connected to the circulating water system (15).

5. The melting system for smelting tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge end (2-1) is trumpet-shaped, the bottom of the discharge end (2-1) is tilted, and the discharge end (2-1) has a long side L1 and a short side L2. The long side L1 of the discharge end (2-1) is 0.4-0.6 times the length of the end of the slag furnace, and the short side L2 of the discharge end (2-1) is 0.4-0.6 times the length of the long side L1.

6. The melting system for smelting tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first weighing device (4) and a second weighing device (5) are provided at the discharge end of the furnace front bin (3); the first weighing device is connected to the feeding port, and the second weighing device is connected to the feeding port.

7. The melting system for smelting tailings according to claim 6, characterized in that: Feeding / feeding equipment is provided between the furnace front bin and the first weighing device, and between the first weighing device and the feeding port on the chute; feeding / feeding equipment is provided between the furnace front bin and the second weighing device, and between the second weighing device and the feeding port of the slag furnace.

8. The melting system for smelting tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that: An emergency switching port is provided on the chute (2), and the emergency switching port is connected to the water quenching system (16).

9. The melting system for smelting tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flow monitoring device is provided at the feed end of the chute (2) closest to the smelting furnace (1).

10. The melting system for smelting tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slag furnace (6) is provided with an ear pool on one side of the clarifier (6-12), and the flow port (6-8) is arranged at the bottom of the ear pool.

Images