A solid state hydrogen storage tank

Abstract

The application relates to the hydrogen storage technical field and discloses a solid-state hydrogen storage tank, which comprises a hollow tank body, a hydrogen inlet and outlet pipeline and a vacuum air outlet are arranged on the side wall of the tank body; a hollow heat exchange pipe is arranged in the tank body, a hydrogen storage material is attached to the outer wall of the heat exchange pipe, the top of the hydrogen storage material is abutted against a positioning baffle on the upper part of the outer wall of the heat exchange pipe, the bottom of the hydrogen storage material is abutted against a sliding baffle ring on the lower part of the outer wall of the heat exchange pipe, a piezoelectric ceramic ring is further arranged below the sliding baffle ring, the bottom of the piezoelectric ceramic ring is abutted against a storage battery ring, and the storage battery ring is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the heat exchange pipe; the application further comprises a circulating liquid circulating heat exchange assembly for providing heat for the hydrogen storage material or taking away the heat emitted by the hydrogen storage material; through the piezoelectric ceramic ring, the application can relieve the stress concentration problem of the structural members and connecting members in contact with the hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen absorption and release reaction process, prolongs the service life of the device, and can effectively recover the energy brought by the expansion of the hydrogen storage material and effectively reduce the internal energy loss of the device.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the field of hydrogen storage technology, and particularly relates to a solid-state hydrogen storage tank. BACKGROUND

[0002] Hydrogen energy storage is one of important development routes in the field of energy storage and the like, has the advantages of strong scale adaptability, environmental friendliness, flexible and various terminal applications, cross-seasonal storage and the like, and can be combined with a natural gas pipeline network, is an important means for large-scale consumption of new energy such as abandoned wind, abandoned light and abandoned water, and realization of interconnection of power grids and gas grids.

[0003] The solid-state metal compound hydrogen storage technology taking metal magnesium as a carrier has the characteristics of high mass hydrogen storage density, high volume storage density, safety, easy operation and high hydrogen purity, and is one of important development directions of hydrogen storage technology. In actual application, several key technical problems have not been completely solved, and become research hotspots in the field of solid-state hydrogen storage: 1. The hydrogen storage material is in the form of powder and filled in a hydrogen storage device, has poor heat conduction performance, and the hydrogen absorption / release reaction produces lattice / shrinkage, which leads to pulverization of the hydrogen storage material, deterioration of heat conduction performance and influence on hydrogen absorption / release efficiency; 2. The hydrogen storage powder is not uniformly distributed in the container due to the influence of air flow impact and other factors, stress damage is easily caused, meanwhile, the hydrogen storage material expands after absorbing hydrogen, which leads to deformation or rupture of the hydrogen storage device and influences the service life of the hydrogen storage device.

[0004] A solid hydrogen storage material storage tank heat exchange device is disclosed in Chinese patent with the patent application number CN202020320856.8, which comprises a hydrogen material alloy bottle, the inside of the hydrogen material alloy bottle is filled with hydrogen material, the top of the hydrogen material alloy bottle is connected with a bottle valve through threads, the top of the hydrogen material alloy bottle is inserted with an inlet pipe, the top of the hydrogen material alloy bottle is inserted with an outlet pipe, the inside of the bottle valve is inserted with a hydrogen pipe, a large amount of heat generated by the hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage material alloy bottle during hydrogen charging is taken away through the medium of circulating cooling water and applied to external equipment. Although the circulating cooling water can take out most of the heat generated by the hydrogen absorption reaction, the hydrogen material alloy bottle internal components will be deformed under the expansion effect when the hydrogen absorption reaction of the hydrogen absorption material occurs, and the service life is affected.

[0005] In addition, the heat generated by the hydrogen absorption reaction of the hydrogen storage material cannot be dissipated in time, the hydrogen absorption equilibrium pressure of the hydrogen storage material is increased, the hydrogen absorption rate is decreased until the hydrogen absorption stops; meanwhile, the hydrogen release reaction cannot supply the required heat in time, the hydrogen release equilibrium pressure is decreased, the hydrogen release rate is slowed down until the hydrogen release stops. SUMMARY

[0006] The technical problem solved by the present application is to provide a solid-state hydrogen storage tank.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present application is as follows: a solid-state hydrogen storage tank, comprising a tank body, a hydrogen inlet and outlet pipeline and a vacuum exhaust port are arranged on the side wall of the tank body; a heat exchange pipe is arranged in the tank body, a hydrogen storage material layer is attached to the outer wall of the heat exchange pipe, the top of the hydrogen storage material layer abuts against the positioning baffle on the upper part of the outer wall of the heat exchange pipe, and the bottom of the hydrogen storage material layer abuts against the sliding baffle ring on the lower part of the outer wall of the heat exchange pipe; a piezoelectric ceramic ring is further arranged around the outside of the heat exchange pipe below the sliding baffle ring, and the bottom of the piezoelectric ceramic ring abuts against a battery ring; and the battery ring is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the heat exchange pipe.

[0008] Further comprising a circulating liquid circulating heat exchange assembly for providing heat to the hydrogen storage material layer or taking away heat emitted by the hydrogen storage material layer.

[0009] In particular, the circulating liquid circulating heat exchange assembly comprises a circulating liquid storage tank, a circulating liquid pipe is connected with the circulating liquid storage tank at one end, and connected with a circulating pump and an electric heater in sequence at the other end, and then passes through the internal cavity of the heat exchange pipe and is connected back to the circulating liquid storage tank through a circulating liquid cooler.

[0010] In particular, the hydrogen storage material layer is in a hollow tubular shape, is sleeved outside the heat exchange pipe, and a fastening layer is further sleeved on the outer wall of the hydrogen storage material layer, which presses the hydrogen storage material layer against the outer wall of the heat exchange pipe.

[0011] In particular, a plurality of heat exchange pipes are arranged, the circulating liquid pipe is divided into a plurality of branch pipes through a shunt header, the branch pipes correspond to the heat exchange pipes one by one, the branch pipes converge at a shunt header on the circulating liquid pipe after passing through the internal cavities of the heat exchange pipes, and are connected to the circulating liquid cooler and the circulating liquid storage tank.

[0012] In particular, the piezoelectric ceramic ring is in a spiral shape.

[0013] In particular, the fastening layer is a metal mesh or a metal foam.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages and beneficial effects: by adding the piezoelectric ceramic ring, the present application can alleviate the problem of stress concentration of the structural parts and connecting parts in contact with the hydrogen storage material during the hydrogen absorption and release reaction, prolong the service life of the device, and effectively recover the energy generated by the expansion of the hydrogen storage material, thereby effectively reducing the energy loss inside the device.

[0015] In this invention, by setting up a temperature and pressure monitoring system, the temperature of the heat exchange tubes inside the tank and the pressure inside the tank are monitored, and the flow rate of the circulating liquid is adjusted to keep the hydrogen absorption and desorption reaction in the optimal state, thus avoiding the heat transfer deterioration caused by the pulverization of hydrogen storage materials.

[0016] In this invention, by adjusting the operation of the auxiliary heating equipment and the condensation system, a single pipeline can solve the system's heat transfer problem, increase the effective volume of the tank, and significantly increase the hydrogen absorption and desorption capacity. Simultaneously, the system can utilize a circulating liquid medium with a wide temperature range, achieving the system's rapid heat transfer requirements with a smaller amount of circulating liquid medium, further reducing the overall system's equipment volume.

[0017] In this invention, a piezoelectric ceramic ring and a fixed baffle are installed at the bottom of the hydrogen storage material to absorb the expansion stress caused by the hydrogen absorption reaction, resulting in uniform stress on the surface of the heat exchange tube. Simultaneously, the expansion stress is converted into electrical energy and stored, achieving energy-saving effects. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Fig. 1 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0019] Fig. 2 This is a schematic diagram of the heat exchange tube structure of the present invention.

[0020] The labels in the diagram are as follows: Tank body—1; Hydrogen inlet / outlet pipe—11; Vacuum extraction port—12; Heat exchange tube—2; Hydrogen storage material layer—21; Positioning baffle—22; Sliding retaining ring—23; Piezoelectric ceramic ring—24; Battery ring—25; Fastening layer—26; Circulating liquid storage tank—3; Circulating liquid pipe—4; Circulating pump—41; Electric heater—42; Circulating liquid cooler—43; Diverter manifold—44; Merging manifold—45. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, so as to provide a better understanding of the concept of the present invention, the technical problem solved, the technical features constituting the technical solution, and the technical effects brought about.

[0022] like Figs. 1-2 As shown, a solid hydrogen storage tank includes a tank body 1. The side wall of the tank body 1 is provided with a hydrogen inlet / outlet pipe 11 and a vacuum extraction port 12. A heat exchange tube 2 is provided inside the tank body 1. A hydrogen storage material layer 21 is attached to the outer wall of the heat exchange tube 2. The top of the hydrogen storage material layer 21 is pressed against a positioning baffle 22 on the upper part of the outer wall of the heat exchange tube 2, and the bottom is pressed against a sliding retaining ring 23 on the lower part of the outer wall of the heat exchange tube 2. A piezoelectric ceramic ring 24 is also provided below the sliding retaining ring 23 and wrapped around the outside of the heat exchange tube 2. The bottom of the piezoelectric ceramic ring 24 is pressed against a battery ring 25. The battery ring 25 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the heat exchange tube 2.

[0023] It also includes a circulating liquid heat exchange assembly for providing heat to the hydrogen storage material layer 21 or removing heat dissipated from the hydrogen storage material layer 21.

[0024] The main working process of this invention is as follows: All inlet and outlet valves of tank 1 are closed, and vacuum extraction port 12 is opened to evacuate the inside of tank 1. After the required vacuum level is reached, vacuum extraction port 12 is closed. Hydrogen gas is introduced into the inside of tank 1 through hydrogen inlet / outlet pipe 11. The hydrogen storage material layer 21 attached to the heat exchange tube 2 absorbs hydrogen and expands, pushing the sliding baffle ring 23 downward and applying a downward thrust to the piezoelectric ceramic ring 24. Combined with the action of the battery ring 25, this causes the piezoelectric ceramic ring 24 to deform under pressure and generate electrical energy, which is stored in the battery ring 25. This avoids the problem of structural components or connecting accessories in contact with the hydrogen-absorbing material deforming due to the expansion of the hydrogen storage material. Simultaneously, the expansion deformation can be converted into electrical energy for storage and output for external work, thereby achieving the purpose of fully recovering reaction energy. During this process, since the hydrogen absorption reaction of the hydrogen storage material releases a large amount of heat, and the hydrogen release reaction also requires the absorption of a large amount of heat, an additional circulating liquid heat exchange component is needed to remove the heat released by the hydrogen absorption reaction of the hydrogen storage material or to make up for the heat gap in the hydrogen release reaction.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment, the circulating liquid heat exchange assembly includes a circulating liquid storage tank 3, one end of a circulating liquid pipe 4 is connected to the circulating liquid storage tank 3, and the other end is connected to a circulating pump 41 and an electric heater 42 in sequence. After passing through the internal cavity of the heat exchange pipe 2, it is connected back to the circulating liquid storage tank 3 through a circulating liquid cooler 43.

[0026] This embodiment provides a specific structure for a circulating liquid heat exchange assembly that can be implemented. The circulating liquid pipe 4 is connected to the circulating liquid storage tank 3, forming a closed loop. A circulating pump 41 installed on the circulating liquid pipe 4 provides circulation power for the circulating liquid, an electric heater 42 provides heat to the hydrogen release reaction to fill the heat gap, and a circulating liquid cooler 43 removes the heat released from the hydrogen absorption reaction from the heat exchange pipe 2, thereby achieving the purpose of providing or dissipating heat.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, the hydrogen storage material layer 21 is a hollow tube and is sleeved on the outside of the heat exchange tube 2. A fastening layer 26 is also sleeved on the outer wall of the hydrogen storage material layer 21, which presses the hydrogen storage material layer 21 tightly against the outer wall of the heat exchange tube 2.

[0028] In this embodiment, the hydrogen storage material layer 21 is sleeved on the outside of the heat exchange tube 2 in a tubular form and is tightly attached to the heat exchange tube 2 to ensure the heat exchange effect between the hydrogen storage material layer 21, the heat exchange tube 2, and the circulating liquid. A fastening layer 26 is also provided on the outside of the hydrogen storage material layer 21 to reinforce the hydrogen storage material layer 21 and prevent the hydrogen storage material from falling off.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, the heat exchange tube 2 is provided in several parts, and the circulating liquid pipe 4 is divided into several branch pipes through the diversion manifold 44. Each branch pipe corresponds to one of the heat exchange tubes 2. After passing through the inner cavity of the heat exchange tubes 2, the branch pipes converge into the manifold 45 on the circulating liquid pipe 4.

[0030] In this embodiment, multiple heat exchange tubes 2 are provided to simultaneously carry out hydrogen absorption and desorption reactions, thereby increasing the amount of hydrogen stored or released in a single operation. At the same time, dividing the circulating liquid tube 4 into several branches can better facilitate heat exchange and ensure the heat exchange and heat transfer effect.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, the piezoelectric ceramic ring 24 is helical.

[0032] In this embodiment, the use of a spiral piezoelectric ceramic ring can effectively increase the deformation of the piezoelectric ceramic to cope with the deformation caused by a larger amount of hydrogen storage material, thereby increasing the storage capacity of the hydrogen storage material and storing more hydrogen.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, the fastening layer 26 is a metal mesh or a metal foam.

[0034] In the embodiments, two materials for the fastening layer 26 are provided, wherein both metal wire mesh and metal foam can fasten the hydrogen storage material while facilitating hydrogen permeation.

[0035] In addition, as a supplementary component, the present invention also includes a temperature monitoring system for monitoring the heat exchanger tube wall temperature. By adding temperature measuring points and setting temperature sensors on the heat exchanger tube wall, the temperature monitoring system monitors the temperature of each heat exchanger tube inside the tank. After the temperature data is transmitted to the computer, the PLC controller automatically judges the deviation from the preset temperature of the heat exchanger tube. Using negative feedback in conjunction with the flow regulating valve set on the circulating liquid pipeline, the flow rate of the circulating liquid in the circulating pipeline is adjusted by adjusting the valve opening, eliminating the temperature deviation, reducing the heat transfer deterioration caused by the pulverization of hydrogen storage material due to temperature fluctuations on the surface of the heat exchanger tube, and improving the hydrogen absorption and desorption efficiency.

[0036] It also includes adding pressure measuring points and installing pressure sensors on the top of the tank to monitor the pressure inside the tank. When the pressure inside the tank is too high, the high-pressure relief device will be automatically activated to relieve pressure on the system and ensure system safety.

[0037] The terms "connection" and "fixing" appearing in the description of this invention can refer to fixed connection, processing and forming, welding, or mechanical connection. The specific meaning of the above terms in this invention should be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0038] In the description of this invention, the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., are used only to indicate the orientation or positional relationship for the convenience of describing this invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply a specific orientation that the device or element referred to must have, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0039] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solid hydrogen storage tank, characterized in that, The tank (1) includes a hydrogen inlet / outlet pipe (11) and a vacuum extraction port (12) on the side wall of the tank (1); a heat exchange tube (2) is provided inside the tank (1); a hydrogen storage material layer (21) is attached to the outer wall of the heat exchange tube (2); the top of the hydrogen storage material layer (21) is pressed against the positioning baffle (22) on the upper part of the outer wall of the heat exchange tube (2); the bottom is pressed against the sliding retaining ring (23) on the lower part of the outer wall of the heat exchange tube (2); a piezoelectric ceramic ring (24) is also provided below the sliding retaining ring (23) and wrapped around the outside of the heat exchange tube (2); the bottom of the piezoelectric ceramic ring (24) is pressed against the battery ring (25); the battery ring (25) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the heat exchange tube (2); It also includes a circulating liquid heat exchange assembly for providing heat to the hydrogen storage material layer (21) or removing heat dissipated by the hydrogen storage material layer (21); The hydrogen storage material layer (21) is a hollow tube and is sleeved on the outside of the heat exchange tube (2). A fastening layer (26) is also sleeved on the outer wall of the hydrogen storage material layer (21), and the fastening layer (26) presses the hydrogen storage material layer (21) tightly on the outer wall of the heat exchange tube (2).

2. A solid hydrogen storage tank as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The circulating liquid heat exchange assembly includes a circulating liquid storage tank (3), one end of a circulating liquid pipe (4) is connected to the circulating liquid storage tank (3), and the other end is connected to the circulating pump (41) and the electric heater (42) in sequence. After passing through the internal cavity of the heat exchange pipe (2), it is connected back to the circulating liquid storage tank (3) through the circulating liquid cooler (43).

3. A solid hydrogen storage tank as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The heat exchange tube (2) is provided in several parts. The circulating liquid pipe (4) is divided into several branches through the diversion manifold (44). The branches correspond one-to-one with the heat exchange tube (2). After passing through the inner cavity of the heat exchange tube (2), the branches converge into the manifold (45) on the circulating liquid pipe (4) and are connected to the circulating liquid cooler (43) and the circulating liquid storage tank (3).

4. A solid hydrogen storage tank as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fastening layer (26) is a metal wire mesh or a metal foam.

5. A solid hydrogen storage tank as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The piezoelectric ceramic ring (24) is spiral-shaped.

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