A machining method for improving the centering accuracy of two tooth portions of a double helical gear shaft

Abstract

The present application relates to gear machining technical field, especially a kind of machining method for improving the centering accuracy of herringbone tooth shaft two tooth parts, comprising the following steps: (1) three-coordinate detector detects the centering error of herringbone tooth shaft two tooth parts;(2) adjust the centering position by finish machining two sides end face;(3) detect the centering error when grinding gear, carry out allowance distribution grinding gear, ensure the centering accuracy.The machining method of the present application greatly improves the centering accuracy of herringbone tooth shaft two tooth parts, compared with the traditional scribe tool setting machining method, the present application method avoids the problem of scribe error, tool setting error greatly.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of gear machining, and in particular to a machining method for a double helical gear shaft with centering requirements for two tooth portions. BACKGROUND

[0002] A helical gear has a transverse force on the shaft, in order to eliminate this force, a gear is made into a double helical gear with opposite symmetrical directions, so as to eliminate the force, which looks like a double helical gear, simply referred to as a double helical gear. The double helical gear transmission has the advantages of high coincidence degree, small axial load, high bearing capacity, and stable work.

[0003] The high-precision double helical gear has strict requirements for the centering error of the two tooth portions of the double helical gear, and how to ensure the centering accuracy is a big problem in the machining of the double helical gear. The traditional machining method is to machine the two tooth portions by means of scribing and tool setting, and this method has large scribing error and tool setting error, and it is difficult to ensure the final centering accuracy. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to provide a machining method for improving the centering accuracy of the two tooth portions of a double helical gear shaft, so as to solve the problems of large error and inability to ensure the centering accuracy in the existing machining method.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme:

[0006] A machining method for improving the centering accuracy of the two tooth portions of a double helical gear shaft, comprising the following steps:

[0007] (1) detecting the centering error of the two tooth portions of the double helical gear shaft by a three-coordinate detector;

[0008] (2) adjusting the centering position by machining the two side end faces;

[0009] (3) detecting the centering error during gear grinding, and performing allowance distribution grinding to ensure the centering accuracy.

[0010] In the machining method, the centering property is ensured by step (2), and then the centering accuracy is adjusted by step (3).

[0011] Specifically, the step (1) comprises,

[0012] ① placing the workpiece on a V-shaped bracket on the platform of the three-coordinate detector, with the shaft placed in parallel with the X-axis direction, and the short head facing the negative direction of the X-axis and the long head facing the positive direction of the X-axis; after alignment, the center of the workpiece is established according to the outer circle and the end face;

[0013] ② taking the left-hand tooth groove center as a reference, detecting the centering error of the right-hand tooth groove center relative to the left-hand tooth groove center, and the specific operation is as follows:

[0014] The probe is at the left-hand tooth X direction at a distance L1 from the tooth end and at the Z direction at the pitch circle; then the probe detects the coordinates of the front and back tooth surfaces in the Y direction, and calculates the left-hand tooth groove center coordinates P1 by the three coordinates; similarly, the right-hand tooth groove center coordinates P2 are detected;

[0015] Taking the left-hand tooth groove center coordinates as the reference, the right-hand tooth groove center centering value P and direction are identified, and the P value is recorded; that is, if P1 is 0, when P2 is a positive value, it indicates that the right-hand tooth groove center is deviated upward, and is recorded as +|P|; when P2 is a negative value, it indicates that the right-hand tooth groove center is deviated downward, and is recorded as -|P|.

[0016] The step (2) comprises identifying the left-hand tooth and the right-hand tooth two-side end surface turning allowance, and specifically comprises:

[0017] The left-hand tooth left end surface A1 and the right-hand tooth left end surface A2 turning allowance are completely consistent, and the left-hand tooth right end surface B1 and the right-hand tooth right end surface B2 turning allowance are completely consistent; wherein A1 and A2 are collectively referred to as A-side end surfaces, and B1 and B2 are collectively referred to as B-side end surfaces;

[0018] The A-side two end surfaces and the B-side two end surfaces each have a theoretical allowance single side L2, and the helix angle is β;

[0019] When P is a negative value, the A-side two end surfaces need to be turned away by an allowance of L2-|0.5*P| / tanβ, and the B-side two end surfaces need to be turned away by an allowance of L2+|0.5*P| / tanβ; when P is a positive value, the A-side two end surfaces need to be turned away by an allowance of L2+|0.5*P| / tanβ, and the B-side two end surfaces need to be turned away by an allowance of L2-|0.5*P| / tanβ.

[0020] The step (3) specifically comprises, during gear grinding, taking the left-hand tooth groove center at the shaft shoulder to the middle of the left-hand tooth as the reference, detecting the centering error of the right-hand tooth groove center at the shaft shoulder to the middle of the right-hand tooth relative to the former, distributing the allowance for gear grinding, and ensuring the centering accuracy of the left-hand and right-hand gears after gear grinding.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] By adopting the machining method of the present application, the centering accuracy of the two tooth portions of the herringbone tooth shaft is greatly improved, and compared with the traditional line marking tool setting machining method, the present application completely avoids the problems of large line marking error and tool setting error. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of three-coordinate detection position and detection coordinate system of a workpiece;

[0024] Figure 2 Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of turning machining;

[0025] Figure 3 Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the centering position during gear grinding. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of the present application.

[0027] A machining method for improving the centering accuracy of two tooth portions of a double helical gear shaft, comprising the following steps:

[0028] (1) placing the workpiece on a V-shaped frame on the platform of a three-coordinate detector, with the shaft placed in parallel with the X-axis direction, and the short head facing the negative direction of the X-axis (-X) and the long head facing the positive direction of the X-axis (+X); after alignment, the center of the workpiece is established according to the outer circle and the end face;

[0029] (2) detecting the centering error of the two tooth portions of the double helical gear shaft by the three-coordinate detector

[0030] As shown in Figure 1 , the centering error of the center of the right-hand tooth groove relative to the center of the left-hand tooth groove is detected, with the center of the left-hand tooth groove as the reference, and the specific operation is as follows:

[0031] The probe is at a distance L1 from the tooth end in the X direction of the left-hand tooth, and the Z direction is the reference circle; then the probe detects the coordinates of the front and rear tooth faces in the Y direction, and the center coordinates P1 of the left-hand tooth groove are calculated by the three coordinates; similarly, the center coordinates P2 of the right-hand tooth groove are detected.

[0032] The center coordinates of the left-hand tooth groove are taken as the reference (set as 0), and the centering value P of the center of the right-hand tooth groove is confirmed and recorded based on the reference; that is, if P1 is 0, when P2 is positive, it indicates that the center of the right-hand tooth groove is offset upward, and the value is recorded as +|P|; when P2 is negative, it indicates that the center of the right-hand tooth groove is offset downward, and the value is recorded as -|P|.

[0033] (3) adjusting the centering position by finishing the two side end faces

[0034] It includes confirming the turning allowance of the left-hand tooth and the right-hand tooth, which is specifically:

[0035] As shown in Figure 2 , it is required that the turning allowance of the left end face A1 of the left-hand tooth and the left end face A2 of the right-hand tooth be completely consistent, and the turning allowance of the right end face B1 of the left-hand tooth and the right end face B2 of the right-hand tooth be completely consistent; wherein A1 and A2 are collectively referred to as A-side end faces, and B1 and B2 are collectively referred to as B-side end faces.

[0036] Among them, both end faces on side A and both end faces on side B have a theoretical margin of L2 on one side, and the helix angle is β;

[0037] When P is negative, the amount of material to be removed from both ends of side A is L2 - |0.5*P| / tanβ, and the amount of material to be removed from both ends of side B is L2 + |0.5*P| / tanβ; when P is positive, the amount of material to be removed from both ends of side A is L2 + |0.5*P| / tanβ, and the amount of material to be removed from both ends of side B is L2 - |0.5*P| / tanβ.

[0038] (4) Gear grinding: such as Figure 3 As shown, during gear grinding, the center of the tooth groove at dimension L3 (from the shoulder to the center of the left helical tooth) is used as a reference. The alignment error of the center of the tooth groove at dimension L4 (from the shoulder to the center of the right helical tooth) relative to the tooth groove at L3 is checked. Allowance is then allocated during grinding to ensure the alignment accuracy of the left and right helical teeth after grinding. The dimensions L3 (from the shoulder to the center of the left helical tooth) and L4 (from the shoulder to the center of the right helical tooth) are the required alignment points for the finished product; that is, the tooth cross-section at O1 of the left helical tooth and the tooth cross-section at O2 of the right helical tooth must be mirror images of each other.

[0039] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A processing method for improving the alignment accuracy of the double-tooth part of a double helical gear shaft, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: (1) detecting the centering error of the two tooth portions of the herringbone gear shaft by a three-coordinate detector, specifically: ① placing the workpiece on the V-shaped frame on the platform of the three-coordinate detector, with the shaft placed in parallel with the X-axis direction, and the short head facing the negative direction of the X-axis and the long head facing the positive direction of the X-axis; after alignment, the center of the workpiece is established according to the outer circle and the end face; ② taking the center of the left-hand tooth groove as the reference, detecting the centering error of the center of the right-hand tooth groove relative to the center of the left-hand tooth groove, and the specific operation is as follows: the probe is at a distance L1 from the tooth end in the X direction of the left-hand tooth and is on the reference circle in the Z direction; then the probe detects the coordinates of the front and rear tooth faces in the Y direction, and the three-coordinate detector calculates the center coordinates P1 of the left-hand tooth groove; similarly, the center coordinates P2 of the right-hand tooth groove are detected; taking the center coordinates of the left-hand tooth groove as the reference, the centering value P of the center of the right-hand tooth groove is determined, and the value P is recorded; that is, if P1 is 0, when P2 is positive, it indicates that the center of the right-hand tooth groove is offset upward, and the value is recorded as +|P|; when P2 is negative, it indicates that the center of the right-hand tooth groove is offset downward, and the value is recorded as-|P|; (2) adjusting the centering position by finishing machining the two end faces, including determining the turning allowance of the left and right end faces of the left-hand tooth and the right-hand tooth, specifically: the turning allowance of the left end face A1 of the left-hand tooth and the left end face A2 of the right-hand tooth is required to be completely consistent, and the turning allowance of the right end face B1 of the left-hand tooth and the right end face B2 of the right-hand tooth is required to be completely consistent; wherein A1 and A2 are collectively referred to as A-side end faces, and B1 and B2 are collectively referred to as B-side end faces; wherein, the two A-side end faces and the two B-side end faces each have a theoretical allowance of one side L2, and the helix angle is β; When P is negative, the amount of material to be removed from the two end faces on the A side is L2- |0.5 P| / tanβ, the amount of material to be removed from the two end faces on the B side is L2+ |0.5 P| / tanβ; when P is positive, the amount of material to be removed from the two end faces on the A side is L2+ |0.5 P| / tanβ, the amount of material to be removed from the two end faces on the B side is L2- |0.5 P| / tanβ; (3) during gear grinding, taking the center of the tooth groove at the middle of the left-hand tooth as the reference, detecting the centering error of the center of the tooth groove at the middle of the right-hand tooth relative to the former, and distributing the allowance for gear grinding to ensure the centering accuracy of the left and right-hand teeth after gear grinding.

Images