A linkage device suitable for monitoring oil and gas leakage of sucker rods and automatic pressure regulation of casing pressure pipelines in a single well

Abstract

The present invention provides a linkage device for monitoring oil and gas leakage of sucker rods and automatic pressure regulation of casing pressure pipelines suitable for single wells, which is applied to Christmas trees and sucker rods, and includes a sucker rod oil and gas leakage monitoring device and a casing pressure pipeline automatic pressure regulation device. The sucker rod oil and gas leakage monitoring device is used to detect the surface temperature of the sucker rod, and the casing pressure pipeline automatic pressure regulation device is used to actively regulate the pressure of the casing pressure pipeline; the casing pressure pipeline automatic pressure regulation device is connected to the sucker rod oil and gas leakage monitoring device and the pressure transmitter, and is connected to the remote host. The advantages of the present invention are: replacing traditional manual casing pressure regulation, the system has strong applicability, high degree of automation, real-time monitoring, wireless remote transmission and on-site display, timely grasp of on-site working conditions, automatic adjustment and feedback, safe and reliable, and easy to disassemble and assemble.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of oil well oil and gas leakage monitoring and pressure regulation, and in particular to a linkage device suitable for oil well sucker rod oil and gas leakage monitoring and casing pressure pipeline automatic pressure regulation in a single well. Background Art

[0002] The casing pressure at the wellhead of the pumping well and oil and gas leakage are one of the important parameters for safe production of oil wells. Its changes and fluctuations will directly affect the submergence of the oil well, crude oil production, pump efficiency, wax deposition, etc. During the production process of the oil well, when the bottom hole pressure is lower than the saturation pressure, natural gas will be separated from the crude oil. A part of the separated natural gas will accumulate in the annular space of the oil casing to form casing pressure. The casing pressure is too high, forcing the dynamic liquid level to drop. When the dynamic liquid level drops to the deep well pump suction port, the gas will flow into the deep well pump, reducing the pump efficiency and stopping the oil well. In severe cases, gas lock will occur.

[0003] As for the sucker rod near the wellhead of the pumping well, since the sucker rod is a piston moving up and down, the sucker rod sealing box will cause oil and gas leakage due to long-term wear. The combustible gas (CH4) and harmful gas (H2S) in the well will leak into the air as the oil is pumped upwards. When the concentration exceeds the standard, it will endanger the personal safety of the operators; the leaked oil and gas will also cause the casing pressure of the casing pressure pipeline to increase, causing production accidents. Therefore, monitoring of the sucker rod is particularly necessary, especially under the trend of increasing automation and intelligent production in the oil field industry, how to remotely monitor the operating environment of each oil well is of great significance.

[0004] At present, the monitoring of oil and gas leakage at the wellhead sucker rod basically relies on line patrol workers to discover the leakage during manual line patrol and then report it for maintenance. Due to the large number of oil wells and the long distance between them, it often takes a long time for the leakage to be discovered, resulting in huge economic losses.

[0005] The traditional method for existing oil fields from the Christmas tree to the return oil pipe is to use manual valves and pressure gauges. When the line patrol personnel observe that the casing pressure value is too large during daily line patrol operations, they manually adjust the casing pressure valve to adjust the casing pressure pipeline pressure. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a linkage device suitable for monitoring oil and gas leakage of sucker rods and automatic pressure regulation of casing pressure pipelines in a single well, which replaces the traditional manual casing pressure regulation, has strong system applicability, high degree of automation, real-time monitoring, wireless remote transmission and local display, timely grasp of on-site working conditions, automatic regulation and feedback, is safe and reliable, and is easy to disassemble and assemble.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented by the following technical solutions:

[0008] A linkage device suitable for monitoring oil and gas leakage of sucker rods and automatic pressure regulation of casing pipelines in a single well, applied to a Christmas tree and its sucker rods, comprises a sucker rod oil and gas leakage monitoring device and a casing pipeline automatic pressure regulation device. The sucker rod oil and gas leakage detection device detects oil and gas leakage caused by seal wear by detecting changes in the surface temperature of the sucker rod. The casing pipeline automatic pressure regulation device connects the Christmas tree pressure relief port and the casing pipe through a cock valve body. The cock valve body controls the opening and closing state of the passage by detecting the pressure of the internal passage to achieve automatic pressure regulation.

[0009] Furthermore, the automatic pressure regulating equipment for casing pressure pipeline includes a cock valve body, an explosion-proof box, a display screen on the outside of the explosion-proof box, a circuit board in the explosion-proof box, an AC motor, a transmission assembly, and an automatic valve stem assembly. The AC motor drives the transmission assembly to transmit in sequence, and the transmission assembly drives the automatic valve stem assembly to move relative to each other. A part of the automatic valve stem assembly is in the explosion-proof box, and the other part is in the cock valve body. The cock valve body is arranged at one end of the explosion-proof box, the inlet of the cock valve body is connected to the pressure relief port of the valve group flat gate valve of the oil production tree, the outlet one of the cock valve body is connected to the casing pressure pipeline, and the outlet two of the cock valve body is connected to the pressure transmitter, and the automatic valve stem assembly is used to open and close the connection port of the casing pressure pipeline and the cock valve body.

[0010] Furthermore, the circuit board of the casing pressure pipeline automatic pressure regulating device is respectively communicatively connected with its AC motor, display screen, sucker rod oil and gas leakage monitoring device, and pressure transmitter, and the circuit board is communicatively connected with a remote host.

[0011] Furthermore, the transmission component in the explosion-proof box includes a spring coupling, a worm gear, an explosion-proof output shaft, a sliding coupling, and an automatic valve stem assembly connected to the AC motor. The spring coupling drives the worm gear to vertically reversingly transmit the transmission, the worm gear drives the explosion-proof output shaft to exit the cavity, the explosion-proof output shaft drives the sliding coupling to slide relatively, and the automatic valve stem assembly moves relatively with the sliding coupling, and can open and close the connection port of the sleeve pressure pipeline at the cock valve body.

[0012] Furthermore, the switch of the automatic valve stem assembly can automatically adjust the opening and closing degree, and the switch of the automatic valve stem assembly is a needle valve.

[0013] Furthermore, a manual valve stem assembly for controlling the opening and closing of the connection port of the pressure transmitter to the cock valve body is provided on one side of the cock valve body, and the switch of the manual valve stem assembly may be a needle valve.

[0014] Furthermore, the closing condition of the automatic valve stem assembly can be determined by detecting the current magnitude when the motor is stalled.

[0015] Furthermore, an explosion-proof box cover is provided on the upper side of the explosion-proof box, and a display screen cover is provided on the outer side of the display screen of the explosion-proof box.

[0016] Furthermore, the sucker rod oil and gas leakage monitoring equipment includes an infrared temperature sensor, a sensor bracket and a light shield. The infrared temperature sensor is fixed in the sensor bracket by a tightening nut. The end of the infrared temperature sensor extends out of the sensor bracket and is close to the sucker rod. A light shield is provided on the extended part of the infrared temperature sensor. The strong magnet built into the sensor bracket is attracted to the outside of the sucker rod sealing box.

[0017] Furthermore, the light shield is in the shape of a hollow cylinder, the front end of which is in the shape of an arc and is concentric with the sucker rod, and a small hole is provided at the bottom of the light shield.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0019] The present invention discloses a linkage device suitable for monitoring oil and gas leakage of a sucker rod and automatic pressure regulation of a casing pressure pipeline in a single well, which replaces the traditional manual line patrol monitoring and manual casing pressure regulation methods, has a high degree of automation, does not affect the original pipeline function, has strong system applicability, has a wireless remote transmission function, and can timely grasp the on-site working conditions; the product has a built-in integrated circuit board, is easy to install and disassemble, and has an on-site display non-contact explosion-proof human-computer interaction function; the system has a sucker rod leakage detection function, can monitor the oil and gas leakage caused by the sucker rod at the wellhead in real time, and avoid safety accidents; the system has the function of automatically regulating the pressure of the casing pressure pipeline, and can prevent crude oil leakage accidents caused by the high-pressure liquid formed by the wellhead Christmas tree. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structural connection of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the sucker rod oil and gas leakage monitoring device of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the sucker rod oil and gas leakage monitoring device of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the automatic pressure regulating device for jacketed pipelines of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the automatic pressure regulating device for jacketed pipelines of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 It is a communication connection schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 It is a schematic flow chart of the working principle of the present invention.

[0027] Figure numerals: 1. Christmas tree; 2. Sucker rod; 3. Sucker rod sealing box; 4. Strong magnet; 5. Casing pressure pipeline; 6. Return pipe; 7. Infrared temperature sensor; 8. Sensor bracket; 9. Light shield; 10. Locking nut one; 11. Locking nut two; 12. Cock valve body; 13. Explosion-proof box; 14. Display screen; 15. Circuit board; 16. AC motor; 17. Automatic valve stem assembly; 18. Explosion-proof box cover; 19. Display screen cover; 20. Spring coupling; 21. Worm gear; 22. Explosion-proof output shaft; 23. Sliding coupling; 24. Pressure transmitter; 25. Manual valve stem assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0029] A linkage device for monitoring oil and gas leakage of a sucker rod and automatic pressure regulation of a casing pressure pipeline suitable for a single well is applied to a Christmas tree 1 and a sucker rod 2, and includes a sucker rod oil and gas leakage monitoring device and a casing pressure pipeline automatic pressure regulation device. The design concept of the present invention is as follows: when the sucker rod 2 is pulled up and down, the sucker rod 2 is prone to eccentricity due to frequent pulling and pulling movements, which causes the sucker rod 2 to frequently rub against the sealing ring group in the sucker rod sealing box 3, which is easy to damage the sealing ring group in the sucker rod sealing box 3. Damage to the sealing ring group will cause oil and gas leakage, resulting in excessive casing pressure, and the casing pressure needs to be adjusted in time. The sucker rod oil and gas leakage monitoring device in the present invention predicts whether oil and gas leakage occurs by closely monitoring the surface temperature of the sucker rod 2, because when the sucker rod 2 is off-axis, it will rub against the sealing ring group in the sucker rod sealing box 3, causing the surface temperature of the sucker rod 2 to rise.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, the positional relationship of the linkage device of the present invention is as follows: the sucker rod 2 is sealed on the Christmas tree 1 through the sucker rod sealing box 3 and can be pulled up and down in the Christmas tree 1 and the oil pipe below it, the sucker rod oil and gas leakage monitoring device is attracted to the sucker rod sealing box 3 by a strong magnet 4, the casing pressure pipeline automatic pressure regulating device is connected to the pressure relief port of the valve group flat gate valve of the Christmas tree 1, the oil and gas in the casing pressure pipeline 5 eventually flows to the return pipe 6, and the sucker rod oil and gas leakage monitoring device is connected to the casing pressure pipeline automatic pressure regulating device through an explosion-proof hose.

[0031] like Figure 2 , 3As shown, the sucker rod oil and gas leakage monitoring device is installed on the outside of the sucker rod sealing box 3 by magnetic attraction, and is used to detect the surface temperature of the sucker rod 2. The sucker rod oil and gas leakage monitoring device includes an infrared temperature sensor 7, a sensor bracket 8 and a light shield 9. The infrared temperature sensor 7 is fixed in the sensor bracket 8 by a clamping nut 10, and the end of the infrared temperature sensor 7 extends out of the sensor bracket 8 and is close to or even close to the sucker rod 2, which can improve the sensitivity of infrared temperature monitoring; the extended part of the infrared temperature sensor 7 is externally provided with a light shield 9, and the extended part of the infrared temperature sensor 7 is fixedly connected to the light shield 9 by a clamping nut 2 11; the built-in strong magnet 4 of the sensor bracket 8 is attracted to the outside of the iron sucker rod sealing box 3, and the sensor bracket 8 is easy to disassemble and assemble, and can adapt to different sucker rod sizes at different wellheads at the same time. Preferably, the light shield 9 is in the shape of a hollow cylinder, and its front end is in the shape of an arc and is concentric with the sucker rod 2. Such a design can minimize the error in temperature monitoring when the sucker rod 2 is blocked by reflections, impurities, or rain, thereby improving the sensitivity of oil and gas leakage detection; a small hole is provided at the bottom of the light shield 9. Such a design can effectively prevent rainwater from seeping into or accumulating on the infrared temperature sensor 7.

[0032] like Figure 4 , 5As shown, the automatic pressure regulating device for casing pipeline includes a cock valve body 12, an explosion-proof box 13, a display screen 14 outside the explosion-proof box 13, a circuit board 15 inside the explosion-proof box 13, an AC motor 16, a transmission component, and an automatic valve stem assembly 17. The AC motor 16 is an AC reduction motor, which is a low-speed, high-torque motor with right-angle transmission and two-end output shafts, so that the AC motor 16 of the present invention is small in size and occupies a small space. An explosion-proof box cover 18 is provided on the upper side of the explosion-proof box 13, and a display screen cover 19 is provided on the outer side of the display screen 14 of the explosion-proof box 13. The AC motor 16 drives the transmission assembly to drive in sequence, and the transmission assembly drives the automatic valve stem assembly 17 to move relatively. The transmission assembly includes a spring coupling 20, a worm gear 21, an explosion-proof output shaft 22, a sliding coupling 23, and an automatic valve stem assembly 17 connected to the AC motor 16. The spring coupling 20 drives the worm gear 21 to perform vertical reversing transmission, the worm gear 21 drives the explosion-proof output shaft 22 to exit the cavity, and the explosion-proof output shaft 22 drives the sliding coupling 23 to slide relatively. The automatic valve stem assembly 17 moves relatively with the sliding coupling 23. A part of the automatic valve stem assembly 17 is in the explosion-proof box 13, and the other part is in the cock valve body 12. The cock valve body 12 is arranged at one end of the explosion-proof box 13, and the inlet of the cock valve body 12 is connected to the pressure relief port of the valve group flat gate valve of the Christmas tree 1 through the oil pipe thread, the outlet 1 of the cock valve body 12 is connected to the casing pressure pipeline 5, and the outlet 2 of the cock valve body 12 is connected to the pressure transmitter 24. The automatic valve stem assembly 17 is used to open and close the connection port of the casing pressure pipeline 5 to the cock valve body 12. The switch of the automatic valve stem assembly 17 is a needle valve, which can automatically adjust the opening and closing degree. The worm gear 21 plays a reversing role, so that the AC motor 16 is horizontally output and becomes a 90-degree vertical output after the reversal of the worm gear 21. Further, in the worm gear 21, the end face of the worm shaft is provided with an external hexagon, which can be screwed and rotated with a sleeve; therefore, when the AC motor 16 fails or is stuck, the switch state of the outlet 1 connected to the casing pressure pipeline 5 in the cock valve body 12 can be manually controlled. A manual valve stem assembly 25 for controlling the opening and closing of the connection port of the pressure transmitter 24 to the cock valve body 12 is also provided on one side of the cock valve body 12. The switch of the manual valve stem assembly 25 can be a needle valve. When the pressure transmitter 24 is not in use, the manual valve stem assembly 25 closes the connection port. The automatic valve stem assembly 17 and the manual valve stem assembly 25 select a needle valve structure switch, which can ensure the effectiveness of the seal and reduce the difficulty of product production and assembly. The closing status of the automatic valve stem assembly 17 or the manual valve stem assembly 25 can be determined by detecting the current size when the AC motor 16 is blocked.Since the two outlets of the cock valve body 12 need to rotate a large number of times from open to closed, the valve status cannot be detected by limiting the position; since the AC motor 16 is in a stalled state when the valve is closed, the current increases sharply when the AC motor 16 is stalled. Therefore, the closing status of the two outlets of the cock valve body 12 is judged by detecting the current when the AC motor 16 is running.

[0033] like Figure 6 As shown, the circuit board 15 of the automatic pressure regulating device for casing pressure pipelines is respectively connected to its AC motor 16, the display screen 14, the sucker rod oil and gas leakage monitoring device, and the pressure transmitter 24, and the circuit board 15 is connected to the remote host. Specifically, the pressure transmitter 24 transmits the pressure information to the circuit board 15 of the automatic pressure regulating device for casing pressure pipelines, and the circuit board 15 controls the forward and reverse rotation of the AC motor 16 according to the value of the pressure information.

[0034] like Figure 1 , 7 As shown, the specific working principle of the present invention is as follows: the sucker rod oil and gas leakage monitoring device monitors the surface temperature of the sucker rod 2 during operation through its built-in infrared temperature sensor 7. When the surface temperature of the sucker rod 2 exceeds a certain value, the infrared temperature sensor 7 transmits the temperature signal to the circuit board 15 of the automatic pressure regulating device for the casing pressure pipeline. The circuit board 15 actively receives the pressure in the pipe detected by the pressure transmitter 24 and controls the forward and reverse rotation of the AC motor 16 according to the pressure. The AC motor 16 drives a series of transmission components to drive in sequence, thereby driving the automatic pressure regulating device. The movable valve stem assembly 17 is responsible for opening and closing the connection between the casing pressure pipeline 5 and the cock valve body 12, and the switch (needle valve) of the automatic valve stem assembly 17 can adjust the opening and closing degree; when pressure relief is required, the AC motor 16 rotates forward, and finally the switch of the automatic valve stem assembly 17 opens the connection between the casing pressure pipeline 5 and the cock valve body 12, and the oil and gas leaked from the cock valve body 12 finally flows into the return oil pipe 6 through the casing pressure pipeline 5; when pressure relief is completed, the AC motor 16 reverses, and finally the switch of the automatic valve stem assembly 17 closes the connection between the casing pressure pipeline 5 and the cock valve body 12.

[0035] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that ordinary technicians in this technical field can make several improvements and modifications without departing from the concept of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A linkage device for monitoring oil and gas leakage of sucker rods and automatic pressure regulation of casing pressure pipelines in a single well, applied to Christmas trees and sucker rods, characterized by: It includes a sucker rod oil and gas leakage monitoring device and a casing pressure pipeline automatic pressure regulating device. The sucker rod oil and gas leakage monitoring device is connected to the casing pressure pipeline automatic pressure regulating device through an explosion-proof hose; the sucker rod oil and gas leakage detection device detects the oil and gas leakage caused by the wear of the seal by detecting the change of the sucker rod surface temperature; the casing pressure pipeline automatic pressure regulating device is connected to the Christmas tree pressure relief port and the casing pressure pipe through a cock valve body, and the casing pressure pipeline automatic pressure regulating device controls the opening and closing state of the passage by detecting the pressure size of the internal passage to realize automatic pressure regulation; The sucker rod oil and gas leakage monitoring device comprises an infrared temperature sensor, a sensor bracket and a light shield, wherein the infrared temperature sensor is fixed in the sensor bracket by a compression nut, the end of the infrared temperature sensor extends out of the sensor bracket and is close to the sucker rod, a light shield is arranged outside the extended part of the infrared temperature sensor, and a strong magnet built into the sensor bracket is attracted to the outside of the sucker rod sealing box; The automatic pressure regulating device for casing pressure pipeline includes a cock valve body, an explosion-proof box, a display screen outside the explosion-proof box, a circuit board inside the explosion-proof box, an AC motor, a transmission component, and an automatic valve stem assembly. The AC motor drives the transmission component to transmit in sequence, and the transmission component drives the automatic valve stem assembly to move relatively. A part of the automatic valve stem assembly is in the explosion-proof box, and the other part is in the cock valve body. The cock valve body is arranged at one end of the explosion-proof box, the inlet of the cock valve body is connected to the pressure relief port of the valve group flat gate valve of the oil production tree, the outlet 1 of the cock valve body is connected to the casing pressure pipeline, and the outlet 2 of the cock valve body is connected to the pressure transmitter. The automatic valve stem assembly is used to open and close the connection port between the casing pressure pipeline and the cock valve body. When the surface temperature of the sucker rod exceeds a certain value, the infrared temperature sensor transmits the temperature signal to the circuit board of the automatic pressure regulating device of the casing pipeline. The circuit board actively receives the pressure in the pipe detected by the pressure transmitter and controls the forward and reverse rotation of the AC motor according to the pressure.

2. According to claim 1, a linkage device for monitoring oil and gas leakage of sucker rods and automatically regulating pressure of casing pressure pipelines suitable for a single well, characterized in that: The circuit board of the casing pressure pipeline automatic pressure regulating device is respectively connected to its AC motor, display screen, sucker rod oil and gas leakage monitoring device, and pressure transmitter for communication, and the circuit board is connected to the remote host for communication.

3. The linkage device for monitoring oil and gas leakage of sucker rods and automatically regulating pressure of casing pressure pipelines suitable for a single well according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transmission components in the explosion-proof box include a spring coupling, a worm gear, an explosion-proof output shaft, a sliding coupling, and an automatic valve stem assembly connected to the AC motor. The spring coupling drives the worm gear to perform vertical reversing transmission, the worm gear drives the explosion-proof output shaft to exit the cavity, the explosion-proof output shaft drives the sliding coupling to slide relatively, the automatic valve stem assembly moves relatively with the sliding coupling, and the automatic valve stem assembly can open and close the connection port of the sleeve pressure pipeline at the cock valve body.

4. The linkage device for monitoring oil and gas leakage of sucker rods and automatically regulating pressure of casing pressure pipelines suitable for a single well according to claim 3, characterized in that: The switch of the automatic valve stem assembly can automatically adjust the opening and closing degree, and the switch of the automatic valve stem assembly is a needle valve.

5. The linkage device for monitoring oil and gas leakage of sucker rods and automatically regulating pressure of casing pressure pipelines suitable for a single well according to claim 3, characterized in that: A manual valve stem assembly for controlling the opening and closing of the connection port between the pressure transmitter and the cock valve body is also provided on one side of the cock valve body, and the switch of the manual valve stem assembly is a needle valve.

6. The linkage device for monitoring oil and gas leakage of sucker rods and automatically regulating pressure of casing pressure pipelines suitable for a single well according to claim 4, characterized in that: The closing condition of the automatic valve stem assembly is determined by detecting the current magnitude when the motor is stalled.

7. The linkage device for monitoring oil and gas leakage of sucker rods and automatically regulating pressure of casing pressure pipelines suitable for a single well according to claim 1, characterized in that: An explosion-proof box cover is provided on the upper side of the explosion-proof box, and a display screen cover is provided on the outer side of the display screen of the explosion-proof box.

8. The linkage device for monitoring oil and gas leakage of sucker rods and automatically regulating pressure of casing pressure pipelines suitable for a single well according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light shield is in the shape of a hollow cylinder, the front end of which is in the shape of an arc and is concentric with the pumping rod, and a small hole is arranged at the bottom of the light shield.

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