A vertically stacked three-stage shock absorber based on metal rubber

Abstract

The present invention discloses a vertically stacked three-stage vibration damper based on metal rubber. The damper comprises an upper plate, a lower plate, an inner cavity, a central screw, and a three-stage vibration damping mechanism. The upper plate and lower plate are mounted at the upper and lower portions of the inner cavity, respectively. The central screw extends through the upper plate and into the inner cavity. The three-stage vibration damping mechanism comprises a first-stage vibration damping mechanism, a second-stage vibration damping mechanism, and a third-stage vibration damping mechanism. The present invention employs a three-stage stacked vibration damping method, resolving the problem of existing vibration dampers being unable to maintain good vibration damping performance in harsh environments while also providing a good position-limiting and buffering effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of shock absorbers, and in particular relates to a vertically stacked three-stage shock absorber based on metal rubber. Background Art

[0002] With the development of modern industry, various high-tech equipment are required to be able to work in extremely harsh environments such as space, deep sea, and polar regions. Extreme working environments pose great challenges to vibration damping components and also have higher requirements on the performance of materials in harsh environments.

[0003] At present, commonly used shock absorbers are generally spring shock absorbers and rubber shock absorbers. This type of shock absorber is only suitable for a narrow temperature range, has poor corrosion resistance, and is prone to aging and loss. In addition, this type of shock absorber has a small stiffness or a small stiffness change, and cannot produce a good vibration reduction and limiting effect under impact conditions.

[0004] Moreover, the internal vibration-damping parts of the existing vibration-damping absorber have low utilization rate of the space therein, and the vibration-damping structure is relatively large in size, so the installation of the vibration-damping absorber is a very time-consuming, labor-intensive and complicated problem. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a vertically stacked three-stage shock absorber based on metal rubber is provided, which solves the problem that the existing shock absorber cannot maintain its own good vibration damping performance in harsh environments, and at the same time has a good limiting buffering effect.

[0006] Technical Solution: To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a vertically stacked three-stage vibration damper based on metal rubber, comprising a vibration damper upper plate, a vibration damper bottom plate, a vibration damper inner cavity, a central screw, and a three-stage vibration damping mechanism. The vibration damper upper plate and the vibration damper bottom plate are respectively mounted at the upper and bottom portions of the vibration damper inner cavity. The central screw passes through the vibration damper upper plate and extends into the vibration damper inner cavity. The three-stage vibration damping mechanisms are respectively a first-stage vibration damping mechanism, a second-stage vibration damping mechanism, and a third-stage vibration damping mechanism.

[0007] The first-stage vibration damping mechanism includes an outer ring-shaped metal rubber disposed on the periphery of the inner cavity of the vibration damper and a stainless steel compression spring mounted on the outer ring-shaped metal rubber, wherein the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the outer ring-shaped metal rubber are respectively in contact with the upper plate and the bottom plate of the vibration damper, and the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the stainless steel compression spring are respectively in contact with the upper plate and the bottom plate of the vibration damper;

[0008] The second-stage vibration damping mechanism includes an impact-resistant metal rubber block, a first strong magnet block, and a second strong magnet block. The impact-resistant metal rubber block is arranged at the bottom of the vibration absorber inner cavity and contacts the vibration absorber bottom plate. The first strong magnet block is arranged on the top of the impact-resistant metal rubber block. The second strong magnet block is embedded and fixed in the bottom of the central screw. The first strong magnet block and the second strong magnet block are arranged with the same poles facing each other.

[0009] The third-stage vibration damping mechanism includes a disc spring in a pair of combinations. The disc spring is arranged between the upper plate of the shock absorber, the center screw and the inner cavity of the shock absorber. The inner diameter surface of the disc spring is clearance-matched with the outer surface of the center screw, and the outer diameter surface of the disc spring is clearance-matched with the inner cavity of the shock absorber.

[0010] Furthermore, the outer ring metal rubber in the first-stage vibration damping mechanism is fitted to the periphery of the shock absorber inner cavity by interference fit, and the stainless steel compression spring is fitted to the periphery of the outer ring metal rubber by clearance fit.

[0011] Furthermore, at least one first gasket is provided between the impact-resistant metal rubber block and the first powerful magnet block in the second-stage vibration reduction mechanism, and a gap space exists between the first powerful magnet block and the second powerful magnet block.

[0012] Furthermore, a boss is provided in the inner cavity of the shock absorber, and at least one second gasket is provided at the top end of the disc spring in the third-stage vibration damping mechanism. The top end of the disc spring is in abutment contact with the second gasket, and the bottom end is in abutment contact with the boss, and there is a gap space between the second gasket and the upper plate of the shock absorber.

[0013] Furthermore, the top of the shock absorber inner cavity is provided with several upper threaded holes, and the bottom end is provided with several lower threaded holes. The shock absorber upper plate and the shock absorber bottom plate are respectively provided with upper plate countersunk through holes and lower plate countersunk through holes corresponding to the upper threaded holes and the lower threaded holes. The shock absorber upper plate is fixedly mounted on the shock absorber inner cavity by upper screws, and the shock absorber bottom plate is fixedly mounted on the shock absorber inner cavity by lower screws.

[0014] Furthermore, two locking nuts are provided on the central screw, a mounting plate of the vibration-damped device is provided on the central screw, and the mounting plate of the vibration-damped device is fixed between the two locking nuts.

[0015] Furthermore, the setting method of the first gasket in the second-stage vibration damping mechanism is: controlling the thickness of the first gasket by the number of the first gaskets placed, thereby controlling the size of the gap between the first strong magnet block and the second strong magnet block, thereby controlling the timing of the occurrence of the second-stage vibration damping mechanism.

[0016] Furthermore, the setting method of the second gasket in the third-stage vibration damping mechanism is: controlling the thickness of the second gasket by the number of second gaskets placed, thereby controlling the size of the gap between the second gasket and the upper plate of the shock absorber, thereby controlling the occurrence timing of the third-stage vibration damping mechanism.

[0017] Furthermore, an anti-extrusion metal rubber ring is provided between the boss in the inner cavity of the shock absorber, the central screw, and the inner cavity wall of the shock absorber.

[0018] The metal rubber in the present invention, as a new elastic porous damping material, has advantages such as fatigue resistance, long life, high and low temperature resistance, radiation resistance, and the ability to maintain good performance in harsh environments. The metal rubber has high rigidity and nonlinearity, making it very suitable for use as a vibration damping component. The shock absorber also uses powerful magnets, which have strong hardness and excellent high-temperature resistance. It also incorporates disc springs that can withstand large loads with minimal deformation, resulting in an excellent limiter vibration damping effect. Furthermore, the vertically stacked three-stage shock absorber based on metal rubber provided by the present invention has a compact internal structure and high space utilization. The shock absorber is of suitable size, capable of achieving vibration damping in confined spaces.

[0019] The present invention provides a three-stage vibration reduction mechanism, and in the shock absorber, the three-stage vibration reduction mechanism occurs in a superimposed manner, the first-stage vibration reduction is produced by the first-stage vibration reduction mechanism; the second-stage vibration reduction is produced by the superposition of the first-stage vibration reduction mechanism and the second-stage vibration reduction mechanism; the third-stage vibration reduction is produced by the superposition of the first-stage vibration reduction mechanism, the second-stage vibration reduction mechanism and the third-stage vibration reduction mechanism.

[0020] In the present invention, the first-stage vibration damping mechanism and the second-stage vibration damping mechanism can change the stiffness and damping characteristics of the vibration damper by replacing metal rubber parts with different wire diameters and relative densities; the disc springs have the same thickness, size and performance; the disc spring combination mode in the third-stage vibration damping mechanism can be changed to a superimposed or composite form, and the number of disc spring leaves can be changed to further change the vibration damping characteristics of the vibration damper; the second-stage vibration damping mechanism and the third-stage vibration damping mechanism can adjust the vibration damping and anti-impact gap by increasing or decreasing the number of gaskets, thereby changing the timing of vibration damping at different levels.

[0021] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0022] 1. The vibration damping elements of the present invention are metal rubber, strong magnets, disc springs and stainless steel compression springs, which have the advantages of high and low temperature resistance, radiation resistance, oil resistance, corrosion resistance and fatigue aging resistance. They are basically unaffected by the external environment and can maintain their good performance in different environments. The shock absorber itself has a long life and basically will not be damaged during use, which reduces a lot of manpower and material resources.

[0023] 2. Compared with traditional shock absorbers, traditional shock absorbers will damage internal shock-absorbing parts when subjected to excessive impact displacement. However, when subjected to excessive impact displacement, the present invention first uses a three-stage shock-absorbing mechanism to reduce vibration. If the maximum impact displacement has not been reached at this time, the upper plate of the shock absorber and the inner cavity of the shock absorber will come into contact to prevent damage to the internal shock-absorbing parts.

[0024] 3. Compared to traditional shock absorbers, the present invention has a three-stage internal shock absorber mechanism, and its shock absorption performance is superior to existing traditional single-stage and two-stage shock absorbers. The first-stage shock absorber is composed of an annular metal rubber and a stainless steel compression spring in parallel, with high damping and nonlinear stiffness. The second-stage shock absorber is composed of impact-resistant metal rubber and two strong magnets with the same polarity facing each other, also with high damping and nonlinear stiffness characteristics. The third-stage shock absorber is composed of six paired disc springs, with high stiffness characteristics. The parallel combination of the first, second, and third-stage shock absorbers produces high stiffness and high damping characteristics, which enhances the shock absorption and impact resistance of the shock absorber.

[0025] 4. Compared with traditional shock absorbers, the second-stage and third-stage shock absorber mechanisms of the present invention can change the size of the gap in the shock absorber by adding or reducing the number of gaskets, thereby changing the timing of different levels of vibration reduction. This allows the actual performance of the shock absorber to be adjusted according to actual conditions, resulting in better adaptability.

[0026] 5. Compared with traditional shock absorbers, the third-stage shock absorption mechanism in the present invention can change the vibration reduction and impact resistance performance by changing the combination form and the number of disc springs, changing the gap size and the overall stiffness of the shock absorber, thereby making the vibration reduction and impact resistance performance adjustable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 is a top view of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the inner cavity of the shock absorber;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a bottom view of the present invention.

[0031] 1-Mounting plate of the vibration-damped equipment, 2-Locking nut, 3-Upper plate of shock absorber, 301-Center hole of the upper plate, 302-Countersunk through hole of the upper plate, 4-Upper screw, 5-Center screw, 6-Second gasket, 7-Inner cavity of shock absorber, 701 upper threaded hole, 702 lower threaded hole, 8-Disc spring, 9-Outer ring metal rubber, 10-Anti-extrusion metal rubber ring, 11-Stainless steel compression spring, 12-Second strong magnet block, 13-Lower screw, 14-First strong magnet block, 15-Base plate of shock absorber, 1501-Threaded through hole of the lower plate, 1502-Countersunk through hole of the lower plate, 16-Impact-resistant metal rubber block, 17-First gasket, 18-Boss. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention is further illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. After reading the present invention, modifications of various equivalent forms of the present invention made by those skilled in the art all fall within the scope defined by the claims attached to this application.

[0033] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the present invention provides a vertically stacked three-stage vibration damper based on metal rubber, comprising a vibration damper upper plate 3, a vibration damper bottom plate 15, a vibration damper inner cavity 7, a central screw 5, and a three-stage vibration damping mechanism. The vibration damper upper plate 3 and the vibration damper bottom plate 15 are respectively mounted on the upper and bottom portions of the vibration damper inner cavity 7. The central screw 5 passes through the vibration damper upper plate 3 and extends into the vibration damper inner cavity 7. The three-stage vibration damping mechanism comprises a first-stage vibration damping mechanism, a second-stage vibration damping mechanism, and a third-stage vibration damping mechanism.

[0034] The first-stage vibration damping mechanism includes an outer ring metal rubber 9 and a stainless steel compression spring 11. The outer ring metal rubber 9 is fitted around the outer periphery of the vibration damper inner cavity 7 by means of an interference fit. The stainless steel compression spring 11 is fitted around the outer periphery of the outer ring metal rubber 9 by means of a clearance fit. The upper and lower end surfaces of the outer ring metal rubber 9 are respectively in contact with the vibration damper upper plate 3 and the vibration damper bottom plate 15. The upper and lower end surfaces of the stainless steel compression spring 11 are respectively in contact with the vibration damper upper plate 3 and the vibration damper bottom plate 15.

[0035] The second-stage vibration reduction mechanism includes an impact-resistant metal rubber block 16, a first powerful magnet block 14 and a second powerful magnet block 12. The impact-resistant metal rubber block 16 is arranged at the bottom of the vibration absorber inner cavity 7 and contacts the vibration absorber bottom plate 15. The first powerful magnet block 14 is arranged on the top of the impact-resistant metal rubber block 16, and a plurality of first gaskets 17 are arranged between the impact-resistant metal rubber block 16 and the first powerful magnet block 14. The second powerful magnet block 12 is embedded and fixed in the bottom nut of the center screw 5. The first powerful magnet block 14 and the second powerful magnet block 12 are arranged with the same poles facing each other, and there is a gap space between the first powerful magnet block 14 and the second powerful magnet block 12.

[0036] The third-stage vibration damping mechanism includes 6 pairs of matched disc springs 8, which are arranged between the shock absorber upper plate 3, the center screw 5 and the shock absorber inner cavity 7. The inner diameter surface of the disc spring 8 is clearance-matched with the outer surface of the center screw 5, and the outer diameter surface of the disc spring 8 is clearance-matched with the shock absorber inner cavity 7. A boss 18 is provided in the shock absorber inner cavity 7. A plurality of second gaskets 6 are provided at the top of the disc spring 8 in the third-stage vibration damping mechanism. The top of the disc spring 8 is in contact with the second gasket 6, and the bottom end is in contact with the boss 18. There is a gap space between the second gasket 6 and the shock absorber upper plate 3. An anti-extrusion metal rubber ring 10 is provided between the boss 18, the center screw 5 and the shock absorber inner cavity wall in the vibrator inner cavity 7.

[0037] Four upper threaded holes 701 are symmetrically provided at the top of the shock absorber inner cavity 7, and four lower threaded holes 702 are also symmetrically provided at the bottom end. The shock absorber upper plate 3 and the shock absorber bottom plate 15 are respectively provided with upper plate countersunk through holes 302 and lower plate countersunk through holes 1502 that match the upper threaded holes 701 and the lower threaded holes 702. The shock absorber upper plate 3 is fixedly mounted on the shock absorber inner cavity 7 by four upper screws 4, and the shock absorber bottom plate 15 is fixedly mounted on the shock absorber inner cavity 7 by four lower screws 13.

[0038] Two locking nuts 2 are provided on the central screw 5 . A mounting plate 1 of the vibration-damped device is provided on the central screw 5 . The mounting plate 1 of the vibration-damped device is fixed between the two locking nuts 2 .

[0039] Based on the above scheme, refer to Figures 1 to 4 , the installation method of the above vertical superposition three-stage shock absorber is:

[0040] First, pass the center screw 5 through the center hole 301 of the upper plate through the shock absorber upper plate 3 and extend it into the shock absorber inner cavity 7. Then place the impact-resistant metal rubber block 16, the first gasket 17, and the first strong magnet block 14 on the shock absorber bottom plate 15 in sequence, and put the anti-extrusion metal rubber ring 10 into the shock absorber inner cavity 7. At this time, the first strong magnet block 14 and the second strong magnet block 12 embedded in the tail nut of the center screw 5 are just centered and facing each other with the same poles. Due to the repulsive effect between the strong magnets, it is necessary to contact the device to forcibly press the shock absorber inner cavity 7 so that the bottom of the shock absorber inner cavity 7 contacts the shock absorber bottom plate 15. Tighten the shock absorber inner cavity 7 on the shock absorber bottom plate 15 with the four lower screws 13, and insert the outer ring metal rubber 9 into the shock absorber inner cavity 7. The matching method is interference fit. Then, the stainless steel The compression spring 11 is assembled on the outside of the outer ring metal rubber 9, and the fitting method is clearance fit. The 6 disc springs 8 combined in a matching manner are placed on the boss 18 of the shock absorber inner cavity 7, and the second gasket 6 is placed on the top of the disc spring 8. The shock absorber upper plate 3 is placed above the outer ring metal rubber 9 and the stainless steel compression spring 11, and the center of the countersunk through hole 302 of the upper plate is aligned with the center of the upper threaded hole 701 of the shock absorber inner cavity. Four upper screws 4 are used to fix the shock absorber upper plate 3 to the shock absorber inner cavity 7, and the locking nut 2 is screwed on the center screw 5 so that the lower surface of the locking nut 2 contacts the upper surface of the shock absorber upper plate 3, and the mounting plate 1 of the shock absorber device is placed above the locking nut 2, and then another identical locking nut 2 is screwed on the mounting plate 1 of the shock absorber device to fix the mounting plate 1 of the shock absorber device.

[0041] In this embodiment, after the shock absorber is assembled, the shock-absorbing device is installed on the mounting plate 1 of the shock-absorbing device. The mounting plate 1 of the shock-absorbing device can be replaced according to the mounting interface of the shock-absorbing device to facilitate the installation of the device. Four lower plate threaded through holes 1501 are provided on the shock absorber base plate 15. The shock absorber base plate 15 is fixedly connected to the base by four screws respectively engaged in the four lower plate threaded through holes 1501.

[0042] In this embodiment, when the shock absorber bears the weight of the equipment to be damped, the outer ring metal rubber 9 and the stainless steel compression spring 11 will be pre-compressed first. At this time, only the first-stage vibration damping mechanism will play a role. When the vibration displacement or impact amount of the base increases, the second-stage vibration damping mechanism will play a role in vibration reduction and impact resistance. When the vibration displacement or impact amount of the base increases again, the third-stage vibration damping mechanism will play a role in vibration reduction and impact resistance.

[0043] In this embodiment, in order to meet the stiffness and damping characteristics under different vibration reduction environments, the relative density of the outer ring metal rubber 9 in the first-stage vibration reduction mechanism and the impact-resistant metal rubber block 10 in the second-stage vibration reduction mechanism and the wire diameter of the metal wire making the metal rubber can be changed;

[0044] In this embodiment, in order to meet the stiffness characteristics and damping characteristics under different vibration reduction environments, the disc spring 8 in the third-stage vibration reduction mechanism can be replaced with disc springs of different thicknesses, and the combination of the disc springs can be changed, such as a superimposed combination, a matched combination, and a composite combination.

[0045] In this embodiment, in order to adjust the timing of the third-stage vibration reduction of the shock absorber in different vibration reduction environments, gaskets can be added or removed between the impact-resistant metal rubber block 10 and the first strong magnet block 14 of the second-stage vibration reduction mechanism, and above the disc spring 8 of the third-stage vibration reduction mechanism to adjust the vibration reduction gap and control the timing of the third-stage vibration reduction.

Claims

1. A vertically stacked three-stage shock absorber based on metal rubber, characterized in that: The device comprises a shock absorber upper plate, a shock absorber bottom plate, a shock absorber inner cavity, a central screw and a three-stage shock absorber mechanism. The shock absorber upper plate and the shock absorber bottom plate are respectively mounted on the upper and bottom portions of the shock absorber inner cavity. The central screw passes through the shock absorber upper plate and extends into the shock absorber inner cavity. The three-stage shock absorber mechanism comprises a first-stage shock absorber mechanism, a second-stage shock absorber mechanism and a third-stage shock absorber mechanism. The first-stage vibration damping mechanism includes an outer ring-shaped metal rubber disposed on the periphery of the inner cavity of the vibration damper and a stainless steel compression spring mounted on the outer ring-shaped metal rubber, wherein the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the outer ring-shaped metal rubber are respectively in contact with the upper plate and the bottom plate of the vibration damper, and the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the stainless steel compression spring are respectively in contact with the upper plate and the bottom plate of the vibration damper; The second-stage vibration damping mechanism includes an impact-resistant metal rubber block, a first strong magnet block, and a second strong magnet block. The impact-resistant metal rubber block is arranged at the bottom of the vibration absorber inner cavity and contacts the vibration absorber bottom plate. The first strong magnet block is arranged on the top of the impact-resistant metal rubber block. The second strong magnet block is embedded and fixed in the bottom of the central screw. The first strong magnet block and the second strong magnet block are arranged with the same poles facing each other. The third-stage vibration damping mechanism includes a disc spring in a pair of combinations. The disc spring is arranged between the upper plate of the shock absorber, the center screw and the inner cavity of the shock absorber. The inner diameter surface of the disc spring is clearance-matched with the outer surface of the center screw, and the outer diameter surface of the disc spring is clearance-matched with the inner cavity of the shock absorber.

2. The vertically stacked three-stage shock absorber based on metal rubber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer ring metal rubber in the first-stage vibration damping mechanism is fitted to the periphery of the shock absorber inner cavity by interference fit, and the stainless steel compression spring is fitted to the periphery of the outer ring metal rubber by clearance fit.

3. The vertically stacked three-stage shock absorber based on metal rubber according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the second-stage vibration reduction mechanism, at least one first gasket is provided between the impact-resistant metal rubber block and the first powerful magnet block, and a gap space exists between the first powerful magnet block and the second powerful magnet block.

4. The vertically stacked three-stage shock absorber based on metal rubber according to claim 1, characterized in that: A boss is provided in the inner cavity of the shock absorber, and at least one second gasket is provided at the top end of the disc spring in the third-stage vibration reduction mechanism. The top end of the disc spring is in contact with the second gasket, and the bottom end is in contact with the boss. There is a gap space between the second gasket and the upper plate of the shock absorber.

5. The vertically stacked three-stage shock absorber based on metal rubber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the shock absorber inner cavity is provided with a plurality of upper threaded holes, and the bottom end is provided with a plurality of lower threaded holes. The shock absorber upper plate and the shock absorber bottom plate are respectively provided with upper plate countersunk through holes and lower plate countersunk through holes corresponding to the upper threaded holes and the lower threaded holes. The shock absorber upper plate is fixedly mounted on the shock absorber inner cavity by upper screws, and the shock absorber bottom plate is fixedly mounted on the shock absorber inner cavity by lower screws.

6. The vertically stacked three-stage shock absorber based on metal rubber according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two locking nuts are arranged on the central screw rod, and a vibration-damped equipment mounting plate is arranged on the central screw rod. The vibration-damped equipment mounting plate is fixed between the two locking nuts.

7. The vertically stacked three-stage shock absorber based on metal rubber according to claim 3, characterized in that: The setting method of the first gasket in the second-stage vibration damping mechanism is: controlling the thickness of the first gasket by the number of the first gaskets placed to achieve the control of the gap size between the first strong magnet block and the second strong magnet block, thereby controlling the timing of the occurrence of the second-stage vibration damping mechanism.

8. The vertically stacked three-stage shock absorber based on metal rubber according to claim 4, characterized in that: The setting method of the second gasket in the third-stage vibration damping mechanism is as follows: the thickness of the second gasket is controlled by the number of the second gaskets placed, so as to control the size of the gap between the second gasket and the upper plate of the vibration damper, thereby controlling the occurrence timing of the third-stage vibration damping mechanism.

9. The vertically stacked three-stage vibration absorber based on metal rubber according to claim 4, characterized in that: An anti-extrusion metal rubber ring is arranged between the boss in the inner cavity of the shock absorber, the central screw and the inner cavity wall of the shock absorber.

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