Support method for a support structure and the support structure

Abstract

The present invention provides a support method and a support structure for a support structure capable of reducing external thermal stress. In this support method, connection points are provided on the body to be supported, one end of a rod member is arranged at the connection points, and the other end is arranged at a support, and the position of the support is selected according to the following relationship: for the projection point (P i ) of the support (200) vertically projected onto the straight line connecting the position (P i ) before temperature change and the position (P' i ) after temperature change of the connection point, the ratio (Δa / Δ) of the distance (Δa) from the position (P i ) before temperature change to the projection point (P i ) to the distance (Δ) between the position (P i ) before temperature change and the position (P' i ) after temperature change is within a given range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for supporting a support structure and a support structure, and in particular, to a method for supporting a support structure in a temperature field and a support structure. Background Art

[0002] In the fields of architecture, machinery, ships, electric power, aerospace, etc., when the expansion or contraction caused by temperature changes is restricted, thermal stress will be generated in the object.

[0003] For example, in the case where the engine is in a large temperature difference, although the geometric size of the engine is very small, large thermal stress and thermal strain are correspondingly generated due to the restraint of the engine housing. Therefore, in engine design, fixed hinge supports are usually provided in non-high-temperature areas.

[0004] In addition, for example, in the field of civil engineering, in order to resist wind, earthquake, etc., large structures usually have strong hyperstatic boundary restraint conditions. For the thermal stress and strain generated under environmental temperature differences, currently, thermal stress of the structure is usually released by setting expansion joints (temperature joints). Summary of the Invention

[0005] Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0006] However, when only a limited number of fixed hinge supports can be provided in non-high-temperature areas in engine design, when the engine is in a high-temperature state, the fixed hinge supports bear a large concentrated force. Therefore, very high requirements are imposed on their materials, strength, durability, etc.

[0007] In addition, when expansion joints are used in the field of civil engineering, due to the presence of expansion joints, the structure is discontinuous. Therefore, it is necessary to set up redundant components to form multiple independent structural systems. As a result, not only does the number of components increase and the cost rise, but also problems such as water leakage and appearance defects often occur at the expansion joints.

[0008] In addition, in the fields of gas turbines, power engineering, etc., due to the existence of temperature differences, similar problems also exist.

[0009] Means for Solving the Problems

[0010] The thermal stress in a generally varying temperature field consists of two parts: one part is generated due to different temperature changes at each internal point or different materials constituting the object without external constraints (which can be called internal thermal stress); the other part is the additional stress generated by the thermally deformed object due to external constraints (which can be called external thermal stress). Through in-depth research and repeated mathematical and physical analysis, the inventors of the present application have concluded that reasonably setting the rod and its support can reduce the external thermal stress. Therefore, the inventors of the present application have proposed a support method for a support structure, which is characterized in that connection points are set on the object to be supported, one end of the rod is arranged at the connection point, and the other end is arranged at the support, and the position of the support is selected according to the following relationship: for the projection point of the support on the straight line connecting the pre-temperature change position and the post-temperature change position of the connection point, the ratio of the distance from the pre-temperature change position to the projection point to the distance between the pre-temperature change position and the post-temperature change position is within a given range.

[0011] In the above technical solution, it is preferred that the above-mentioned given range is not less than -0.4 and not more than 1.4, more preferably not less than 0 and not more than 1, and still more preferably not less than 0.21 and not more than 0.62.

[0012] In addition, it is preferred that one end of the rod is hinged to the connection point, and more preferably the support is a fixed hinge support.

[0013] Another aspect of the present invention provides a support structure, which is characterized in that it includes a rod and a support, connection points are provided on the object to be supported, one end of the rod is connected to the connection point, and the other end is supported by the support, and the configuration position of the support satisfies the following relationship: for the projection point of the support on the straight line connecting the pre-temperature change position and the post-temperature change position of the connection point, the ratio of the distance from the pre-temperature change position to the projection point to the distance between the pre-temperature change position and the post-temperature change position is within a given range.

[0014] Advantages of the Invention

[0015] According to the support method and the support structure of the support structure of the present invention, the external thermal stress of the object during the temperature change of the temperature field can be reduced, and the reduction of the number of components and the cost can be achieved. Description of the Drawings

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram showing an arbitrary object M in a temperature field.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a curve showing the time variation of the internal force of the elastic rod.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a curve showing the relationship between the preferred Δa / Δ and the amplitude of the axial force of the elastic rod.

[0019] Figure 4It is a chart showing the relationship between Δa / Δ and the axial force amplitude of the elastic rod for a specific example.

[0020] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram showing the case where the supported body has multiple connection points.

[0021] Description of Reference Numerals

[0022] Object M before temperature change

[0023] Object M' after temperature change

[0024] 100 Rod member

[0025] 200 Support

[0026] P i Position before temperature change

[0027] P' i Position after temperature change

[0028] P i Projection point of a Detailed Description of the Invention

[0029] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram showing an arbitrary object (also referred to as a supported body) M in a temperature field. In Figure 1 , the object M before the temperature field changes, that is, before the temperature change, is shown by a solid line, and the object M' after the temperature field changes, that is, after the temperature change, is shown by a dotted line. At the connection point on the object M (at the point P in Figure 1 ) i ), one end of the connecting rod member 100 is connected, and the other end of the rod member 100 is connected to the support 200. It should be noted that the rod member mentioned here is not particularly limited, and it can be an elastic rod member that can elastically deform, or an elastoplastic rod member, a link rod, etc. that can elasto-plastically deform. In addition, the position of the above connection point on the object M is not limited. Those skilled in the art should know that the connection point is an arbitrary point on the object M.

[0031] As described above, the inventors of the present application proposed that by reasonably setting the position of the support 200, the external thermal stress can be effectively reduced. For the convenience of explanation, hereinafter, the case where the rod member 100 is an elastic rod and one end thereof is hinged to the point P i and the support 200 at the other end is a fixed hinge support will be taken as an example for description.

[0032] Refer to Figure 1, in the XYZ right - hand rectangular coordinate system, the origin is set as O, the x - direction is the direction to the right in the plane of the paper, the y - direction is the direction vertically upward in the plane of the paper, and the z - direction (not shown) is orthogonal to the xy - plane. In this XYZ coordinate system, assume that the above - mentioned point P on the object M i has coordinates (x i , y i , z i ), and this point P i is the pre - temperature - change position of the connecting point. After the temperature change, the object M deforms into M’, and the point P i (x i , y i , z i ) deforms to P’ i (x’ i , y’ i , z’ i ), and this point P’ i is the post - temperature - change position of the connecting point. Thus, the thermal deformation Δ of the connecting point before and after the temperature change is Δ = |P i P’ i | (that is, the distance between the point P i and the point P’ i ).

[0033] As Figure 1 shown, connect the point P i and the point P’ i . The perpendicular projection of the support 200 (that is, the other end of the rod 100) on the straight line P i P’ i is the projection point Pia. In other words, this projection point Pia is the intersection of the perpendicular line drawn vertically from the support 200 to the straight line P i P’ i P’ i and the straight line P i P’ i . The distance Δa from the point P i to the projection point Pia is Δa = ±|P i P i P i a|. Among them, when the projection point Pia is on the straight line P i P’ i P’ i and is on the side of the point P’ i relative to the point P i , the value of Δa is positive. When the projection point Pia is on the straight line P i P’ i P’ i and is on the side opposite to the point P’ i relative to the point P i , the value of Δa is negative. For simplicity of explanation, in Figure 1Only the case where the value of Δa is positive is shown, and the same applies to the case where the value of Δa is negative.

[0034] Through a large number of mathematical and physical analyses, the inventors of this application obtained the time-varying curve of the internal force of the elastic rod with different Δa / Δ values during temperature change. Referring to Figure 2 , Figure 2 , the (A) to (E) of Figure 2 show the curves of the internal force F of the elastic rod varying with time t when Δa / Δ ≤ 0 ( Figure 2 the (A) of Figure 2 ), 0 < Δa / Δ < 0.5 ( Figure 2 the (B) of Figure 2 ), Δa / Δ = 0.5 (

[0035] the (C) of i ), 0.5 < Δa / Δ < 1 ( i the (D) of

[0036] ), and Δa / Δ ≥ 1 (

[0037] the (E) of Figure 2 ). i As shown in (A) of i , as point P i thermally deforms towards point P' i , the internal force of the rod 100 gradually increases from 0 and reaches its maximum value when point P

[0038] thermally deforms to point P'

[0039] As shown in (B) of Figure 2 , as point P i thermally deforms towards point P' i , the internal force of the rod 100 gradually increases from 0. When the rod 100 is orthogonal to the straight line P i P' i , the internal force reaches its maximum value and then gradually decreases. And after decreasing to 0, the internal force of the rod 100 changes to the opposite direction and gradually increases again;

[0040] As shown in (C) of

[0041] , as point P Figure 2 thermally deforms towards point P' i , the internal force of the rod 100 gradually increases from 0. When the rod 100 is orthogonal to the straight line P i P' i P' iWhen orthogonal, the internal force reaches the maximum value and then gradually decreases. And at point P i Thermally deform to point P' i When, its internal force decreases to 0;

[0042] (4) In the case of 0.5 < Δa / Δ < 1.0

[0043] As Figure 2 shown in (D) of i As point P i Thermally deforms towards point P', the internal force of the rod 100 gradually rises from 0 and then decreases. And when the rod 100 is perpendicular to the deformation direction, its internal force reaches the maximum value;

[0044] (5) In the case of Δa / Δ ≥ 1.0, as Figure 2 shown in (E) of i As point P i Thermally deforms towards point P', the internal force of the rod 100 gradually rises from 0, and when point P i Thermally deforms to point P' i When, its internal force reaches the maximum value.

[0045] Based on the results of the above mathematical analysis, the inventors of the present application have concluded that by setting Δa / Δ within a given range, an excellent effect of effectively reducing external thermal stress can be achieved. The following will be described in detail with reference to Figure 3 to explain.

[0046] Figure 3 is a curve showing the relationship between Δa / Δ and the axial force amplitude of the elastic rod in a specific embodiment. In Figure 3 , the horizontal axis is the setting position Δa / Δ of the fixed hinge support 200, and the vertical axis is the axial force amplitude F (unit kN) of the elastic rod. That is to say, Figure 3 the curve in shows the axial force amplitude of the elastic rod when the temperature field changes and the position of the fixed hinge support 200 is set such that Δa / Δ takes different values. As Figure 3 shown, six characteristic points (-0.4, C), (0, B), (0.21, A), (0.62, -D), (1, -E), (1.4, -F) are marked in sequence from the left on the curve, where A, B, C, -D, -E, -F respectively represent the axial force amplitudes of the elastic rod corresponding to specific Δa / Δ. As Figure 3 shown, the range where the abscissa Δa / Δ is above -0.4 and below 1.4 is denoted as the "usable area". By setting the fixed hinge support 200 within this usable area, the external thermal stress can be effectively reduced. More preferably, Δa / Δ is set in the range of 0 or more and 1 or less (refer to Figure 3 , denoted as the "applicable area"), and most preferably, Δa / Δ is set in the range of 0.21 or more and 0.62 or less (refer to Figure 3, denoted as the "optimal area"), by setting the fixed hinge support 200 in the applicable area and the optimal area, the effect of further reducing the external thermal stress can be correspondingly achieved.

[0047] In addition, Figure 4 is a chart showing the numerical results obtained based on a specific simulation example. Figure 4 Similar to Figure 3 , the horizontal axis is the setting position Δa / Δ of the fixed hinge support 200, and the vertical axis is the elastic rod axial force amplitude F (unit: kN). In this specific example, the temperature change is, for example, ΔT = 5000 °C. The rod length L of the elastic rod is 2 m, and the cross-sectional area is 0.2 m 2 . As Figure 4 shown, based on the results of the nonlinear analysis, when Δa / Δ is within the range of -0.4 to 1.4, the axial force amplitude of the elastic rod can be suppressed within the allowable range.

[0048] Based on the above research, the inventors of the present application proposed a support method using a rod, which can reduce the external thermal stress by reasonably setting the supports of the rod.

[0049] Specifically, one end of the rod 100 is hinged to the connection point on the object, and the other end is supported by the support 200. For the projection point P of the support 200 vertically projected onto the straight line connecting the pre-temperature change position P i and the post-temperature change position P' i of the connection point, for the projection point P ia , the distance Δa from the pre-temperature change position P i to the projection point P ia relative to the distance Δ between the pre-temperature change position P i and the post-temperature change position P' i is within a given range, preferably the given range is above -0.4 and below 1.4, more preferably above 0 and below 1, and further preferably above 0.21 and below 0.62.

[0050] By setting the ratio Δa / Δ within the above range, the external thermal stress of the object can be reduced, and problems such as large concentrated stress of the fixed hinge support, high design difficulty, structural discontinuity caused by setting expansion joints, and large number of components in the prior art can be solved.

[0051] In addition, in the above Figure 3 specific embodiment, the temperature field change ΔT = 5000 °C is taken as an example for illustration, but the present invention can actually be applied to any temperature field change that may cause external thermal stress.

[0052] In addition, the above only illustrates the case where there is only one connection point. However, the number of connection points is not limited to this, and two or more can also be set as needed. For example, Figure 5The case of considering three connection points is shown. By respectively hinging three rods at points P1, P2, and P3, and according to the foregoing method, the fixed hinge supports are respectively arranged at appropriate positions based on the positions after temperature change, namely points P'1, P'2, and P'3. By arranging a plurality of rods and their fixed hinge supports, compared with the case of arranging only one, the amplitude of the external thermal stress can be further reduced.

[0053] In addition, in the above embodiment, the case where one end of the rod 100 is hinged to the object M and the other end is supported by the fixed hinge support 200 has been described as an example, but the support method of the rod 100 is not limited thereto. For example, the fixed hinge support 200 can also be replaced with other constraints such as a weak spring, or one end of the rod 100 can be rigidly connected to the object M. That is to say, as long as one end of the rod is connected to the object and the other end is arranged within the scope of the present invention by means of a support, the effect of reducing the external thermal stress can be achieved.

[0054] It should be noted that in the above description, the material, shape, structure, etc. of the object M are not mentioned. Therefore, it can be known that the support method using rods of the present invention is applicable to any structure that bears external thermal stress.

[0055] As above, the present application invention has been described with reference to the embodiments, but those skilled in the art should know that the present application invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and as long as it does not depart from the gist of the present invention, the above embodiments can be variously deformed.

Claims

1. A method for supporting a support structure, characterized in that: A connection point is provided on the supported body; One end of the rod member is arranged at the connection point, and the other end is arranged at the support; And the position of the support is selected according to the following relationship: For the projection point (P i ) of the vertical projection of the support (200) onto the straight line connecting the pre-temperature-change position (P i ) and the post-temperature-change position (P' ia ), the ratio (Δa / Δ) of the distance (Δa) from the pre-temperature-change position (P i ) to the projection point (P ia ) to the distance (Δ) between the pre-temperature-change position (P i ) and the post-temperature-change position (P' i ) is within a given range. The given range is above -0.4 and below 1.

4.

2. The method for supporting a support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The given range is above 0 and below 1.

3. The method for supporting a support structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The given range is above 0.21 and below 0.

62.

4. The method for supporting a support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the rod member (100) is hinged to the connection point.

5. The method for supporting a support structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The support (200) is a fixed hinge support.

6. A support structure, characterized in that, Comprising a rod member and a support, a connection point is provided on the supported body, one end of the rod member is connected to the connection point, and the other end is supported by the support, and the arrangement position of the support satisfies the following relationship: For the projection point (Pia) of the support (200) projected vertically onto the straight line connecting the pre-temperature change position (Pi) and the post-temperature change position (P’i) of the connection point, the ratio (Δa / Δ) of the distance (Δa) from the pre-temperature change position (Pi) to the projection point (Pia) to the distance (Δ) between the pre-temperature change position (Pi) and the post-temperature change position (P’i) is within a given range; The given range is above -0.4 and below 1.

4.

7. The support structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The given range is above 0 and below 1.

8. The support structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The given range is above 0.21 and below 0.

62.

9. The support structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: One end of the rod member (100) is hinged to the connection point.

10. The support structure according to any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that: The support (200) is a fixed hinge support.

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