Device and method for monitoring the breathing emission of oil product storage tank

Abstract

The application discloses an oil tank breathing emission monitoring device, which comprises a collecting unit, an L-shaped pipeline and a flow monitoring unit. The collecting unit is in sealing connection with a breathing valve of the oil tank. The L-shaped pipeline comprises a horizontal section and a vertical section. The horizontal section is in communication with the collecting unit. The flow monitoring unit is arranged in the horizontal section. The device further comprises a concentration monitoring unit. The concentration monitoring unit comprises a plurality of first concentration sensors and a plurality of second concentration sensors. The first concentration sensors are distributed on a horizontal section of the vertical section. The second concentration sensors are divided into multiple layers and arranged above the vertical section. Each layer comprises four second concentration sensors, which correspond to the east, west, south and north positions of the pipe wall of the vertical section respectively. A wind speed meter is arranged directly above the vertical section. The application also discloses an oil tank breathing emission monitoring method. The device can eliminate the influence of the structure of the breathing valve, the working state of the tank and environmental conditions, and realize continuous, stable and real-time monitoring of the flow and concentration of the breathing valve emission gas of the oil tank.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of environmental monitoring technology in the petrochemical industry, and in particular to a device and method for monitoring the breathing emissions of oil storage tanks. Background Technology

[0002] As one of the major anthropogenic sources of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), the petrochemical industry generates VOCs emissions during the processes of oil extraction, refining, storage, transportation, sales, and use. Among these emissions, losses during oil storage constitute a significant portion of VOCs emissions from petrochemical enterprises, accounting for approximately 29% of total emissions. Oil losses not only lead to a continuous decrease in the quantity of oil but also cause a decline in oil quality.

[0003] Storage tanks are commonly used storage containers in petrochemical enterprises, widely applied throughout the entire process of oil extraction and processing. During oil storage, influenced by factors such as ambient temperature, wind speed, solar radiation, liquid level, and operating conditions, some oil and gas escape into the atmosphere through the tank's top breather valve, resulting in breathing losses. Currently, for storage tanks without VOCs end-of-pipe treatment facilities, emission calculations generally use the formula method provided in the "Guidelines for VOCs Pollution Source Investigation in the Petrochemical Industry." However, because the calculation formula is based on the recommended method of the US Environmental Protection Agency, and most key factors are selected based on test data from US petrochemical enterprises, no localized research has been conducted for Chinese storage tanks. Some parameters are significantly influenced by subjectivity, and the calculation formula is obtained using statistical methods, failing to fully reflect the emission status of a single tank. Furthermore, due to the special location and structure of the breather valve, there are currently no standardized and effective means to measure the breathing emissions of storage tanks, making it impossible to accurately and comprehensively collect and monitor the exhaled gases. Sample collection is greatly affected by the tank's condition and environmental factors, resulting in a lack of representativeness and accuracy in sampling, which in turn leads to biased analysis results.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device and method for monitoring respiratory emissions from oil storage tanks, so as to obtain more accurate monitoring results of respiratory emissions and provide more reliable data support for petrochemical production and VOCs treatment.

[0005] The information disclosed in this background section is intended only to enhance the understanding of the overall background of the invention and should not be construed as an admission or in any way implying that the information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] One of the objectives of this invention is to provide a device and method for monitoring the breathing emissions of oil storage tanks, thereby improving the problems in the prior art where formula calculations cannot reflect the emission status of a single tank, and sampling monitoring lacks accuracy and effectiveness.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, according to a first aspect of the present invention, an oil storage tank breathing emission monitoring device is provided, comprising: a data acquisition unit sealed to the breather valve of the oil storage tank; an L-shaped pipeline including a transverse section and a longitudinal section, the transverse section being connected to the data acquisition unit; a flow monitoring unit disposed in the transverse section; a concentration monitoring unit including: a plurality of first concentration sensors distributed on the horizontal cross-section of the longitudinal section; and a plurality of second concentration sensors distributed in multiple layers above the longitudinal section, each layer including four second concentration sensors corresponding to four positions on the pipe wall of the longitudinal section: due east, due west, due south, and due north; and an anemometer disposed directly above the longitudinal section.

[0008] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, one of the multiple first concentration sensors is set at the center of the horizontal cross-section of the longitudinal section, while the others are evenly distributed around the circumference.

[0009] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the number of first concentration sensors is 4 to 6; multiple first concentration sensors are located in the middle of the longitudinal section.

[0010] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the lowest layer of the multiple second concentration sensors is located on the end face of the longitudinal section.

[0011] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the distance between the highest layer of the multiple second concentration sensors and the end face of the longitudinal section is 1 to 1.5 times the diameter of the longitudinal section.

[0012] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the multiple second concentration sensors are divided into 3 to 6 layers.

[0013] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, vertical rods extend upwards from the top of the longitudinal section of the pipe wall at four positions: due east, due west, due south, and due north, and multiple second concentration sensors are installed on the vertical rods.

[0014] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the oil storage tank breathing emission monitoring device also includes: a rain cover, which is installed between multiple second concentration sensors and an anemometer; a sedimentation box, which is installed at the lower end of the longitudinal section; and a viewing window, which is installed on the pipe wall of the longitudinal section and corresponds to multiple first concentration sensors.

[0015] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the lower edge of the rain cover is higher than the highest layer of the multiple second concentration sensors.

[0016] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, a filter is provided between the acquisition unit and the L-shaped pipeline.

[0017] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the flow monitoring unit is a gas flow meter.

[0018] According to a second aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a monitoring method for an oil storage tank breathing emission monitoring device employing any one of the above-described technical solutions, comprising the steps of: when the oil storage tank is performing oil receiving and dispatching operations, calculating the tank operating loss based on the monitoring results of a flow monitoring unit and multiple first concentration sensors; when the oil storage tank is not performing oil receiving and dispatching operations, calculating the tank static loss based on the monitoring results of a flow monitoring unit, multiple second concentration sensors, and an anemometer.

[0019] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, during the time period from 0 to T, the operating loss of the storage tank...

[0020]

[0021] Where v(t) is the flow rate obtained by the flow monitoring unit at time t. Let t be the average concentration obtained by multiple first concentration sensors at time t.

[0022] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, if the angle between the north, east, south, or west direction and the wind direction obtained by the anemometer is less than or equal to 22.5°, the second concentration sensor corresponding to that direction is defined as the upwind sensor, and the second concentration sensor corresponding to the opposite direction is defined as the downwind sensor; if the angle between the north, east, south, or west direction and the wind direction obtained by the anemometer is greater than 22.5° and less than 67.5°, the second concentration sensors corresponding to the two directions adjacent to that wind direction are defined as upwind sensors, and the second concentration sensors corresponding to the two opposite directions are defined as downwind sensors. During the time period 0 to T, the storage tank static loss...

[0023]

[0024] Where w(t) is the wind speed obtained by the anemometer at time t, D is the diameter of the longitudinal section, and H is the distance between the highest layer of the multiple second concentration sensors and the end face of the longitudinal section. This is the average concentration obtained from all downwind sensors. This is the average concentration obtained from all upwind sensors.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has one or more of the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. Through the design of L-shaped pipeline, flow monitoring unit, concentration monitoring unit and anemometer, the influence of factors such as breather valve structure, tank working status and environmental conditions can be eliminated, so as to realize continuous and stable real-time monitoring of gas flow and concentration emitted by breather valve of oil storage tank, and the monitoring results are accurate and reliable.

[0027] 2. The concentration monitoring unit includes a horizontal monitoring module composed of multiple first concentration sensors and a vertical monitoring module composed of multiple second concentration sensors. This allows for different concentration calculation methods to be adopted according to the working status of the storage tank, reducing the deviation of calculation results caused by changes in the exhaled gas flow rate of the storage tank and the response accuracy of the monitoring equipment.

[0028] 3. The window design facilitates regular inspection and maintenance of the monitoring device, ensuring stable operation and reliable data acquisition, and extending the device's service life.

[0029] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it according to the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, technical features and advantages of the present invention easier to understand, one or more preferred embodiments are listed below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an oil storage tank breathing emission monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution of a first concentration sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution of a second concentration sensor in a single layer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Explanation of key figure labels:

[0034] 10-Acquisition unit, 11-Soft rubber pad, 12-Filter, 20-L-shaped pipeline, 201-Fixing bolt, 21-Horizontal section, 22-Longitudinal section, 221-Viewing window, 30-Gas flow meter, 41-First concentration sensor, 410-Bracket, 42-Second concentration sensor, 420-Vertical rod, 50-Anemometer, 60-Rain cover, 70-Sediment box. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.

[0036] Unless otherwise expressly stated, throughout the specification and claims, the term "comprising" or its variations such as "including" or "comprises" shall be understood to include the stated elements or components without excluding other elements or other components.

[0037] In this document, for ease of description, spatial relative terms such as “below,” “under,” “down,” “above,” “above,” “up,” etc., are used to describe the relationship of one element or feature to another element or feature in the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of an object in use or operation, in addition to those depicted in the figures. For example, if an object in the figure is flipped, an element described as “below” or “under” another element or feature would be oriented “above” that element or feature. Thus, the exemplary term “below” can encompass both the downward and upward orientations. An object may also have other orientations (rotated 90 degrees or other orientations), and the spatial relative terms used herein should be interpreted accordingly.

[0038] In this document, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used to distinguish two different elements or parts, and are not used to define specific positions or relative relationships. In other words, in some embodiments, the terms "first," "second," etc., can also be used interchangeably.

[0039] like Figures 1-3 As shown, the data acquisition unit 10 of the oil storage tank breathing emission monitoring device according to a specific embodiment of the present invention is sealed to the breathing valve (not shown) of the oil storage tank. The rear end of the data acquisition unit 10 is connected to the transverse section 21 of the L-shaped pipeline 20. A flow monitoring unit, such as a gas flow meter 30, is provided in the transverse section 21. The concentration monitoring unit includes multiple first concentration sensors 41 and multiple second concentration sensors 42. The multiple first concentration sensors 41 are distributed on the horizontal cross-section of the longitudinal section 22 of the L-shaped pipeline 20, forming a horizontal concentration monitoring module; the multiple second concentration sensors 42 are distributed in multiple layers above the longitudinal section 22, forming a vertical concentration monitoring module. Each layer includes four second concentration sensors 42, corresponding to the four positions of east, west, south, and north of the pipe wall of the longitudinal section 22, respectively. An anemometer 50 is set directly above the longitudinal section 22 to measure wind speed and direction.

[0040] Exemplarily, the acquisition unit 10 can be sealed to the breather valve of the oil storage tank via a soft rubber gasket 11. This invention is not limited to this, and those skilled in the art can choose a suitable sealing connection method according to actual needs. The transverse section 21 of the L-shaped pipeline 20 can be connected to the acquisition unit 10 via fixing bolts 201. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can use other connection methods in the prior art, and this invention is not limited to this. It should be understood that the transverse section 21 and the longitudinal section 22 of the L-shaped pipeline 20 are only used to illustrate the extension direction of the pipeline section and do not necessarily have to be two structural parts.

[0041] Further, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, one of the plurality of first concentration sensors 41 is disposed at the center of the horizontal cross-section of the longitudinal segment 22, and the others are evenly distributed circumferentially. Further, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the number of first concentration sensors is 4 to 6. Exemplarily, combined with... Figure 2 As shown, there are 5 first concentration sensors 41. The first concentration sensor 41 located at the center of the horizontal cross section of the longitudinal segment 22 is marked as G1, and the four first concentration sensors 41 evenly distributed around the center along the circumference are marked as G2 to G5 respectively.

[0042] Furthermore, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of first concentration sensors 41 are located near the middle of the longitudinal segment 22, where the airflow is more stable and the measurement results are more accurate.

[0043] Further, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the lowest layer of the plurality of second concentration sensors 42 is located on the upper end face of the longitudinal section 22. Further, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the distance between the highest layer of the plurality of second concentration sensors 42 and the upper end face of the longitudinal section 22 is 1 to 1.5 times the diameter of the longitudinal section 22. Further, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the plurality of second concentration sensors 42 are divided into 3 to 6 layers. Further, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, vertical rods 421 extend upward from the top of the longitudinal section 22 at four positions: due east, due west, due south, and due north, respectively, and the plurality of second concentration sensors 42 are disposed on the vertical rods 421. Exemplarily, combined with... Figure 3 As shown, four vertical rods 421 are set at the top of the longitudinal segment 22, each marked as R. N R S R E R W Corresponding to due north, due south, due east, and due west, four second concentration sensors 42 are installed on each vertical rod 421, resulting in four layers of four sensors 42 each. The second concentration sensors 42 on the four vertical rods 421 are labeled G from bottom to top. N1 ~G N4 G S1 ~G S4 G E1 ~G E4 G W1 ~G W4 .

[0044] Furthermore, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the oil storage tank breathing emission monitoring device further includes a rainproof cover 60 disposed between the plurality of second concentration sensors 42 and the anemometer 50, which can protect the longitudinal section 22 and prevent rainwater from falling into it. A sedimentation box 70 is provided at the lower end of the longitudinal section 22 to collect oil, dust, rainwater, etc., during use, facilitating cleaning. Furthermore, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, an openable viewing window 221 can also be provided on the pipe wall of the longitudinal section 22. The size of the viewing window 221 can be determined according to the pipe diameter. The position of the viewing window 221 corresponds to the plurality of first concentration sensors 41, facilitating observation of usage and convenient inspection, maintenance, and replacement.

[0045] Furthermore, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the lower edge of the rain cover 60 is higher than the highest layer of the plurality of second concentration sensors 42 to avoid the rain cover affecting the measurement results.

[0046] Furthermore, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, a filter 12 is provided between the acquisition unit 10 and the L-shaped pipeline 20 to prevent impurities and grease in the oil and gas from entering the L-shaped pipeline and affecting the normal operation and measurement accuracy of the flow meter and concentration sensor.

[0047] For example, since the breathing emissions from petrochemical storage tanks are flammable and explosive, the gas flow meter 30 is an intrinsically safe gas flow meter with high sensitivity, a large cumulative flow range, and low frictional resistance, so as to achieve accurate measurement of the breathing emissions from oil storage tanks; the first concentration sensor 41 and the second concentration sensor 42 have the characteristics of rapid response to VOCs gas, anti-interference, oil contamination prevention, low detection limit, and remote transmission, so as to meet the requirements of rapid and accurate detection of the concentration of breathing emissions from storage tanks.

[0048] According to the specific embodiments of the present invention, the monitoring method of the oil storage tank breathing emission monitoring device using any of the above technical solutions is divided into two cases for calculation: tank working loss and tank static loss. (1) When the oil storage tank is engaged in oil receiving and dispatching operations, the breathing emission is relatively large due to tank working loss. The flow rate monitored by the gas flow meter 30 is within the range of the flow meter, and the reading of the gas flow meter 30 is accurate and reliable. The tank working loss can be calculated using flow rate and concentration, that is, based on the monitoring results of the flow monitoring unit and multiple first concentration sensors. (2) When the oil storage tank is not engaged in oil receiving and dispatching operations, that is, when it is static, the tank will generate static loss due to the influence of solar radiation, temperature, oil properties, etc. Exhaled gas is discharged into the atmosphere under the action of wind through the longitudinal section outlet of the oil storage tank breathing emission monitoring device. The breathing emission is relatively small, and the flow rate monitored by the gas flow meter 30 is less than the boundary flow rate, making it difficult to accurately monitor the flow rate. At this time, the tank static loss is calculated based on the monitoring results of the flow monitoring unit, multiple second concentration sensors, and anemometer.

[0049] Furthermore, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the operating loss of the storage tank during the time period from 0 to T.

[0050]

[0051] Where v(t) is the flow rate obtained by the flow monitoring unit at time t. Let t be the average concentration obtained by multiple first concentration sensors at time t.

[0052] Furthermore, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the storage tank static loss during the time period 0 to T is...

[0053]

[0054] Where w(t) is the wind speed obtained by the anemometer at time t, D is the diameter of the longitudinal section, and H is the distance between the highest layer of the multiple second concentration sensors and the end face of the longitudinal section. This is the average concentration obtained from all downwind sensors. This is the average concentration obtained from all upwind sensors.

[0055] Furthermore, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, if the angle between the north, east, south, or west direction and the wind direction obtained by the anemometer is less than or equal to 22.5°, the second concentration sensor corresponding to that direction is defined as an upwind sensor, and the second concentration sensor corresponding to the opposite direction is defined as a downwind sensor; if the angle between the north, east, south, or west direction and the wind direction obtained by the anemometer is greater than 22.5° and less than 67.5°, the second concentration sensors corresponding to the two directions adjacent to that wind direction are defined as upwind sensors, and the second concentration sensors corresponding to the two opposite directions are defined as downwind sensors.

[0056] The present invention will now be described in more detail by way of specific embodiments. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0057] Example 1

[0058] refer to Figures 1-3 As shown, in the oil storage tank breathing emission monitoring device of this embodiment, the horizontal concentration monitoring module includes five first concentration sensors 41. The first concentration sensor 41 located at the center of the horizontal cross-section of the longitudinal section 22 is labeled G1, and the four first concentration sensors 41 evenly distributed around the center along the circumference are labeled G2 to G5 respectively. The vertical concentration monitoring module includes sixteen second concentration sensors 42, distributed in four layers. The second concentration sensors 42 in the four directions are labeled G1, G2, G3, G4, G5, G6, G7, G8, G9, G10, G11, G12, G13, G14, G15, G16, G17, G18, G19 ... N1 ~G N4 G S1 ~G S4 G E1 ~G E4 G W1 ~G W4 .

[0059] The L-shaped pipe 20 has a diameter D of 50mm, a longitudinal section 22 with a length of 150mm, a distance of 70mm between the upper end of the longitudinal section 22 and the lower edge of the rain cover 60, and a height of 30mm for the rain cover 60. The lowest layer of the second concentration sensor 42 is located on the upper surface of the longitudinal section 22, and the distance H between the highest layer of the second concentration sensor 42 and the upper surface of the longitudinal section 22 is 60mm, which is 1.2 times the diameter of the longitudinal section 22. The spacing between the four layers of second concentration sensors is the same.

[0060] The oil storage tank breathing emission monitoring device of this embodiment is used for monitoring:

[0061] When oil storage tanks are used for receiving and dispatching oil, the operating losses of the storage tanks are:

[0062]

[0063] Where v(t) is the flow rate obtained by gas flow meter 30 at time t. Let t be the average concentration obtained by the five first concentration sensors at time t.

[0064] When there is no oil receiving or dispatching operation in the oil storage tank, the static loss of the storage tank is:

[0065]

[0066] Where w(t) is the wind speed obtained by the anemometer at time t, D is the diameter of the longitudinal section, and H is the distance between the highest layer of the multiple second concentration sensors and the end face of the longitudinal section. This is the average concentration obtained from all downwind sensors. This is the average concentration obtained from all upwind sensors.

[0067] Example 2

[0068] This embodiment provides a method for defining upwind and downwind directions when using the oil storage tank breathing emission monitoring device of the present invention. The device in this embodiment is the same as that in Embodiment 1. If the angle between the north, east, south, or west direction and the wind direction obtained by the anemometer is less than or equal to 22.5°, the second concentration sensor corresponding to that direction is defined as the upwind sensor, and the second concentration sensor corresponding to the opposite direction is defined as the downwind sensor; if the angle between the north, east, south, or west direction and the wind direction obtained by the anemometer is greater than 22.5° and less than 67.5°, the second concentration sensors corresponding to the two directions adjacent to that wind direction are defined as upwind sensors, and the second concentration sensors corresponding to the two opposite directions are defined as downwind sensors.

[0069] For example, using the method provided in this embodiment, when the wind direction displayed by the anemometer is 22.5° west of north to 22.5° east of north, that is, the angle between the wind direction and due north is less than or equal to 22.5°, due north is the upwind direction, designated as G. N1 ~G N4 The second concentration sensor is an upwind sensor, and the opposite south direction is a downwind sensor, designated G. S1 ~G S4 The second concentration sensor is a downwind sensor. The storage tank's static loss is...

[0070]

[0071] in,

[0072] When the wind direction displayed by the anemometer is between 22.5° (excluding) and 67.5° (excluding) north of east, meaning the angle between due north and due east and the wind direction obtained by the anemometer is greater than 22.5° and less than 67.5°, due north and due east are considered upwind directions, designated as G. N1 ~G N4 G E1 ~G E4 The second concentration sensor is an upwind sensor; the opposite directions, due south and due west, are downwind sensors, designated G. S1 ~G S4 G W1 ~G W4 The second concentration sensor is a downwind sensor. The storage tank's static loss is...

[0073]

[0074] in,

[0075] Example 3

[0076] This embodiment provides another method for defining upwind and downwind directions when using the oil storage tank breathing emission monitoring device of the present invention. The device in this embodiment is the same as that in Embodiment 1. The wind direction θ is defined as 0° to 360°, where θ = 0° is due north, θ = 90° is due east, θ = 180° is due south, and θ = 270° is due west. The wind direction is divided into eight zones at 45° intervals:

[0077] When 0°≤θ≤22.5° and 337.5°<θ≤360°, the upwind direction is due north and the downwind direction is due south.

[0078] When 22.5°<θ≤67.5°, the upwind direction is northeast and the downwind direction is southwest;

[0079] When 67.5°<θ≤112.5°, the upwind direction is due east and the downwind direction is due west.

[0080] When 112.5°<θ≤157.5°, the upwind direction is southeast and the downwind direction is northwest;

[0081] When 157.5°<θ≤202.5°, the upwind direction is due south and the downwind direction is due north;

[0082] When 202.5°<θ≤247.5°, the upwind direction is southwest and the downwind direction is northeast;

[0083] When 247.5°<θ≤292.5°, the upwind direction is due west and the downwind direction is due east;

[0084] When 292.5°<θ≤337.5°, the upwind direction is northwest and the downwind direction is southeast.

[0085] After determining the upwind and downwind sensors based on the aforementioned wind direction areas, the calculation method for the static loss of the storage tank is the same as in Example 2, and will not be repeated here.

[0086] The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention is for illustrative and explanatory purposes. These descriptions are not intended to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed, and it will be apparent that many changes and variations can be made in accordance with the foregoing teachings. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the specific principles of the invention and its practical application, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to implement and utilize various different exemplary embodiments of the invention, as well as various different choices and variations. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the foregoing exemplary embodiments should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for monitoring the breathing emissions of oil storage tanks, characterized in that, include: The data acquisition unit is sealed to the breather valve of the oil storage tank; The L-shaped pipeline includes a horizontal section and a vertical section, wherein the horizontal section is connected to the acquisition unit; A flow monitoring unit is disposed in the transverse segment; Concentration monitoring unit, comprising: Multiple first concentration sensors are distributed on the horizontal cross-section of the longitudinal segment; and Multiple second concentration sensors are distributed in multiple layers above the longitudinal section, with each layer including four second concentration sensors corresponding to four positions on the pipe wall of the longitudinal section: due east, due west, due south, and due north. An anemometer is positioned directly above the longitudinal section.

2. The oil storage tank breathing emission monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, One of the plurality of first concentration sensors is located at the center of the horizontal cross-section of the longitudinal segment, while the others are evenly distributed around the circumference.

3. The oil storage tank breathing emission monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of the first concentration sensors is 4 to 6; the plurality of first concentration sensors are located in the middle of the longitudinal section.

4. The oil storage tank breathing emission monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lowest layer of the plurality of second concentration sensors is located on the end face of the longitudinal segment.

5. The oil storage tank breathing emission monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between the highest layer of the plurality of second concentration sensors and the end face of the longitudinal section is 1 to 1.5 times the diameter of the longitudinal section.

6. The oil storage tank breathing emission monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multiple second concentration sensors are divided into 3 to 6 layers.

7. The oil storage tank breathing emission monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Vertical rods extend upwards from the top of the longitudinal section of the pipe wall at four positions: due east, due west, due south, and due north. The multiple second concentration sensors are mounted on these vertical rods.

8. The oil storage tank breathing emission monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A rain cover is disposed between the plurality of second concentration sensors and the anemometer; A deposition box is disposed at the lower end of the longitudinal section; as well as A viewing window is disposed on the wall of the longitudinal section, corresponding to the plurality of first concentration sensors.

9. The oil storage tank breathing emission monitoring device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The lower edge of the rain cover is higher than the highest layer of the plurality of second concentration sensors.

10. The oil storage tank breathing emission monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A filter is provided between the acquisition unit and the L-shaped pipeline.

11. The oil storage tank breathing emission monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow monitoring unit is a gas flow meter.

12. A monitoring method using the oil storage tank breathing emission monitoring device as described in any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, Including the following steps: When the oil storage tank is performing oil receiving and dispatching operations, the tank's operating loss is calculated based on the monitoring results of the flow monitoring unit and the multiple first concentration sensors; the tank's operating loss during the time period 0~T is... ， in, Let t be the flow rate obtained by the flow monitoring unit at time t. Let be the average concentration obtained by multiple first concentration sensors at time t; When the oil storage tank is not in operation (no oil receiving or dispatching), the static loss of the tank is calculated based on the monitoring results of the flow monitoring unit, the multiple second concentration sensors, and the anemometer. If the angle between the north, east, south, or west direction and the wind direction obtained by the anemometer is less than or equal to 22.5°, the second concentration sensor corresponding to that direction is defined as the upwind sensor, and the second concentration sensor corresponding to the opposite direction is defined as the downwind sensor. If the angle between the north, east, south, or west direction and the wind direction obtained by the anemometer is greater than 22.5° and less than 67.5°, the second concentration sensors corresponding to the two directions adjacent to that wind direction are defined as the upwind sensors, and the second concentration sensors corresponding to the two opposite directions are defined as the downwind sensors. The static loss of the tank during the time period 0 to T is calculated. ， in, Let be the wind speed obtained by the anemometer at time t, D be the diameter of the longitudinal section, and H be the distance between the highest layer of the plurality of second concentration sensors and the end face of the longitudinal section. This is the average concentration obtained from all downwind sensors. This is the average concentration obtained from all upwind sensors.

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