Distribution box for vehicle and vehicle

Abstract

The present invention discloses a power distribution box for a vehicle and a vehicle. The power distribution box includes: a housing having a power connection terminal adapted to be electrically connected to an external power source; a protection component connected to the housing and electrically connected to the power connection terminal, the protection component being adapted to be electrically connected to the negative pole of the external power source. When the voltage value input by the power connection terminal is greater than a preset value, the protection component is adapted to electrically connect the power connection terminal to the negative pole of the external power source, so as to connect the positive and negative poles of the external power source. The power distribution box disclosed by the present invention can effectively protect the low-voltage electrical appliances in the vehicle, thereby effectively improving the safety and stability of the vehicle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vehicles, and in particular, to a power distribution box for a vehicle and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] In the related art, in the electrical architecture of an electric vehicle, a low-voltage electrical system is directly connected behind a voltage converter. Among them, the voltage converter mainly plays the role of high-low voltage energy conversion and high-low voltage isolation.

[0003] However, when the voltage converter is damaged, the high-voltage power supply will be directly connected to the low-voltage electrical system, which may cause damage to the low-voltage electrical appliances, and thus there are certain safety hazards in the vehicle. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. For this reason, an object of the present invention is to provide a power distribution box for a vehicle. The power distribution box can effectively protect the low-voltage electrical appliances in the vehicle, thereby effectively improving the safety and stability of the vehicle.

[0005] Another object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle.

[0006] The power distribution box for a vehicle according to the present invention includes:

[0007] A housing having a power connection terminal adapted to be electrically connected to an external power supply;

[0008] A protection component connected to the housing and electrically connected to the power connection terminal, the protection component being adapted to be electrically connected to the negative pole of the external power supply. When the voltage value input by the power connection terminal is greater than a preset value, the protection component is adapted to electrically connect the power connection terminal to the negative pole of the external power supply to connect the positive and negative poles of the external power supply.

[0009] For the power distribution box for a vehicle according to the present invention, by providing a protection component on the power distribution box and electrically connecting the protection component between the power connection terminal and the negative pole of the external power supply, when the voltage of the external power supply input to the power connection terminal is greater than the preset value, the self-resistance of the protection component can be instantaneously reduced to an extremely low value, so that the power connection terminal can be conducted with the negative pole of the external power supply, causing a short circuit between the power connection terminal and the negative pole of the external power supply. Thus, the high-voltage electric energy output by the external power supply can directly enter the negative pole of the external power supply through the power connection terminal and the protection component, thereby effectively protecting the low-voltage electrical appliances electrically connected to the power distribution box, effectively avoiding damage to the low-voltage electrical appliances by high-voltage electric energy, further reducing the occurrence of spontaneous combustion of the low-voltage electrical appliances, and further improving the safety performance and stability performance of the vehicle.

[0010] In some examples of the present invention, the protection component includes: a protection element, a bus bar, and a terminal. The protection element is electrically connected to the power connection terminal, the bus bar is connected between the protection element and the terminal, and the terminal is adapted to be electrically connected to the negative pole of the external power supply.

[0011] In some examples of the present invention, the protection element is configured as a diode or a varistor.

[0012] In some examples of the present invention, the terminal is connected to the housing by means of a threaded connection, and the terminal is configured as a screw or a bolt.

[0013] In some examples of the present invention, the distribution box further includes:

[0014] A fuse, the fuse is connected to the housing, and the fuse is electrically connected to the power connection terminal;

[0015] The protection element is electrically connected to the power connection terminal through the fuse.

[0016] In some examples of the present invention, the distribution box further includes:

[0017] A first connection end located at the end of the distribution box, the first connection end is electrically connected to the fuse, and the first connection end is adapted to be electrically connected to a low-voltage electrical appliance.

[0018] In some examples of the present invention, the number of the first connection ends is multiple.

[0019] In some examples of the present invention, the distribution box further includes:

[0020] A second connection end located in the middle of the distribution box, the second connection end is electrically connected to the fuse, and the second connection end is adapted to be electrically connected to a low-voltage electrical appliance.

[0021] In some examples of the present invention, the distribution box further includes:

[0022] A voltage detection component, the voltage detection component is arranged inside the housing, the voltage detection component is electrically connected to the power connection terminal, and the voltage detection component is used to detect the voltage input to the power connection terminal.

[0023] The vehicle proposed according to the present invention includes the distribution box for a vehicle described above.

[0024] The additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be partly given in the following description, partly will become obvious from the following description, or will be understood through the practice of the present invention. Description of the Drawings

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a distribution box provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a front view of the distribution box provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a wiring schematic diagram of the distribution box provided according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Explanation of reference numerals:

[0030] 10 - Distribution box;

[0031] 20 - External power supply;

[0032] 30 - Converter;

[0033] 40 - Low - voltage electrical appliance;

[0034] 110 - Housing;

[0035] 111 - Power connection terminal;

[0036] 112 - Fuse;

[0037] 113 - First connection end;

[0038] 114 - Second connection end;

[0039] 120 - Protection component;

[0040] 121 - Protection element;

[0041] 122 - Bus bar;

[0042] 123 - Wiring terminal. Detailed implementation manners

[0043] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

[0045] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "mounted", "connected" and "coupled" shall be construed broadly. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention may be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0046] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary only for explaining the present invention and should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 1 FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a distribution box 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 FIG. 13 is a front view of the distribution box 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 FIG. 14 is a wiring schematic diagram of the distribution box 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The following refers to Figures 1 - 3Describe a power distribution box 10 for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, including: a housing 110 having a power connection terminal 111 adapted to be electrically connected to an external power source 20; a protection component 120 connected to the housing 110 and electrically connected to the power connection terminal 111, the protection component 120 being adapted to be electrically connected to the negative electrode of the external power source 20. When the voltage value input by the power connection terminal 111 is greater than a preset value, the protection component 120 is adapted to electrically connect the power connection terminal 111 to the negative electrode of the external power source 20 to connect the positive and negative electrodes of the external power source 20.

[0048] Specifically, the power distribution box 10 can be arranged on the vehicle, and the external power source 20 can be an in-vehicle battery pack, which can be used to provide high-voltage electrical energy for the vehicle. The positive and negative electrodes of the external power source 20 can be first connected to a converter 30, and the converter 30 can convert the high-voltage electrical energy output by the external power source 20 into low-voltage electrical energy, and then be connected to the power connection terminal 111 on the housing 110 through the converter 30. This setting enables the external power source 20 to output low-voltage electrical energy to the power distribution box 10 through the converter 30. It should be noted that the converter 30 can be a DCDC converter. The power distribution box 10 can also be electrically connected to a low-voltage electrical appliance 40, and the low-voltage electrical appliance 40 can be devices such as an in-vehicle audio (not shown in the figure), a horn (not shown in the figure), or a video player (not shown in the figure). The low-voltage electrical energy converted and output by the converter 30 can be distributed to the low-voltage electrical appliance 40 through the power distribution box 10. This setting is so that the external power source 20 can continuously provide electrical energy for the low-voltage electrical appliance 40, so that the low-voltage electrical appliance 40 can operate effectively.

[0049] Please continue to refer to Figures 1 - 3As shown, the protection component 120 can be fixedly connected to the housing 110 by means such as welding, threaded connection or bonding. One end of the protection component 120 can be electrically connected to the power connection terminal 111, and the other end of the protection component 120 can be electrically connected to the negative pole of the external power supply 20 by means of wired connection. It should be noted that when the voltage input from the external power supply 20 to the power connection terminal 111 is a normal value, the self-resistance of the protection component 120 is very large, so that the power connection terminal 111 and the negative pole of the external power supply 20 are in a disconnected state. The preset value can be a voltage value preset in the distribution box 10 in advance. When the voltage input from the external power supply 20 to the power connection terminal 111 is greater than the preset value, the self-resistance of the protection component 120 can be instantaneously reduced to an extremely low value, so that the power connection terminal 111 and the negative pole of the external power supply 20 can be electrically connected together, causing the power connection terminal 111 and the negative pole of the external power supply 20 to be short-circuited, so that the high-voltage electric energy output by the external power supply 20 can pass through the power connection terminal 111 and the protection component 120 and be directly input to the negative pole of the external power supply 20, thereby effectively protecting the low-voltage electrical appliance 40 electrically connected to the distribution box 10, avoiding damage to the low-voltage electrical appliance 40 by high-voltage electric energy, further reducing the occurrence of spontaneous combustion of the low-voltage electrical appliance 40, and further improving the safety performance and stability performance of the vehicle.

[0050] According to the distribution box 10 for a vehicle proposed by an embodiment of the present invention, by providing a protection component 120 on the distribution box 10 and electrically connecting the protection component 120 between the power connection terminal 111 and the negative pole of the external power supply 20, when the voltage input from the external power supply 20 to the power connection terminal 111 is greater than the preset value, the self-resistance of the protection component 120 can be instantaneously reduced to an extremely low value, so that the power connection terminal 111 and the negative pole of the external power supply 20 can be conducted, causing the power connection terminal 111 and the negative pole of the external power supply 20 to be short-circuited, so that the high-voltage electric energy output by the external power supply 20 can pass through the power connection terminal 111 and the protection component 120 and be directly input to the negative pole of the external power supply 20, thereby effectively protecting the low-voltage electrical appliance 40 electrically connected to the distribution box 10, effectively avoiding damage to the low-voltage electrical appliance 40 by high-voltage electric energy, further reducing the occurrence of spontaneous combustion of the low-voltage electrical appliance 40, and further improving the safety performance and stability performance of the vehicle.

[0051] Please continue to refer to Figures 1 - 3 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the protection component 120 includes: a protection element 121, a bus bar 122 and a terminal 123. The protection element 121 is electrically connected to the power connection terminal 111, the bus bar 122 is connected between the protection element 121 and the terminal 123, and the terminal 123 is adapted to be electrically connected to the negative pole of the external power supply 20.

[0052] Specifically, the protection component 121 can be electrically connected between the power connection terminal 111 and the bus bar 122. Specifically, one end of the protection component 121 can be fixedly connected to the power connection terminal 111 by welding or screwing, and the other end of the protection component 121 can also be fixedly connected to the bus bar 122 by welding or screwing.

[0053] The bus bar 122 can be fixedly connected to the housing 110 by welding, bonding or screwing. The bus bar 122 can be electrically connected between the protection component 121 and the terminal 123. Specifically, one end of the bus bar 122 away from the protection component 121 can be fixedly connected to the terminal 123 by screwing. In this way, the protection component 121 and the terminal 123 can be conducted through the bus bar 122.

[0054] The terminal 123 can be fixedly connected to the housing 110 by screwing. At the same time, the terminal 123 can be electrically connected to the negative pole of the external power supply 20 through a wire (not shown in the figure). In this way, through the combined action of the protection component 121, the bus bar 122 and the terminal 123, the power connection terminal 111 can be connected to the negative pole of the external power supply 20, so that a short - circuit circuit can be formed between the power connection terminal 111 and the negative pole of the external power supply 20.

[0055] Please continue to refer to Figures 1 - 3 As shown, according to another embodiment of the present invention, the protection component 121 is configured as a diode or a varistor.

[0056] Specifically, the protection component 121 can specifically be a transient voltage suppression diode, and the protection component 121 can also be a varistor. In this regard, the embodiments of the present invention do not make specific limitations. In this way, when the voltage input to the power connection terminal 111 exceeds a preset value, the resistance of the protection component 121 can instantaneously drop to an extremely low value, so that a short - circuit can be formed between the power connection terminal 111 and the negative pole of the external power supply 20, thereby effectively protecting the low - voltage electrical appliance 40.

[0057] Furthermore, when the voltage input to the power connection terminal 111 returns to the normal value, the resistance of the protection component 121 can instantaneously return to infinity, so as to disconnect the power connection terminal 111 from the negative pole of the external power supply 20, so that the external power supply 20 can then provide low - voltage electrical energy for the low - voltage electrical appliance 40.

[0058] Please continue to refer to Figures 1 - 3 As shown, according to still another embodiment of the present invention, the terminal 123 is connected to the housing 110 by screwing, and the terminal 123 is configured as a screw or a bolt.

[0059] Specifically, the terminal 123 can be a screw or a bolt, and the embodiment of the present invention does not make any specific limitation on this. Such a configuration facilitates the installation of a wire on the terminal 123 so that the terminal 123 can be electrically connected to the negative pole of the external power supply 20 through the wire, thereby effectively improving the connection efficiency.

[0060] Please continue to see Figures 1 - 3 As shown, according to an optional embodiment of the present invention, the distribution box 10 also includes: a fuse 112, the fuse 112 is connected to the housing 110, and the fuse 112 is electrically connected to the power connection terminal 111; the protection element 121 is electrically connected to the power connection terminal 111 through the fuse 112.

[0061] Specifically, the fuse 112 can be fixedly connected to the housing 110 by a threaded connection. The fuse 112 can be a power fuse or an electronic protection module. One end of the fuse 112 can be electrically connected to the power connection terminal 111, and the other end of the fuse 112 can be electrically connected to one end of the protection element 121, that is, the protection element 121 can be electrically connected to the power connection terminal 111 through the fuse 112. It should be noted that when the voltage applied across the fuse 112 is large, the fuse 112 can burn out and disconnect by itself. In this way, when the voltage input from the external power supply 20 to the power connection terminal 111 exceeds a preset value, the fuse 112 immediately burns and disconnects, which can cut off the connection between the power connection terminal 111 and the protection element 121 or the low-voltage electrical appliance 40, thereby disconnecting the entire circuit, so as to effectively protect the low-voltage electrical appliance 40 of the entire vehicle and prevent the low-voltage electrical appliance 40 from being damaged by high-voltage electrical energy.

[0062] Please continue to see Figures 1 - 3 As shown, according to a further embodiment of the present invention, the distribution box 10 further includes: a first connection terminal 113 located at the end of the distribution box 10 , the first connection terminal 113 is electrically connected to the fuse 112 , and the first connection terminal 113 is suitable for being electrically connected to the low-voltage electrical appliance 40 .

[0063] Specifically, the first connection end 113 can be electrically connected to the other end of the fuse 112 away from the power connection terminal 111, that is, the first connection end 113 can be electrically connected to the power connection terminal 111 through the fuse 112, and the first connection end 113 can be used to electrically connect to low-voltage electrical appliances 40 such as audio, speakers or video players on the vehicle. This arrangement allows the low-voltage electric energy provided by the external power supply 20 to be input into each low-voltage electrical appliance 40 via the distribution box 10.

[0064] Please continue to see Figures 1 - 3 As shown, in an optional manner of the present invention, there are multiple first connection ends 113.

[0065] Specifically, the number of the first connection ends 113 can be multiple, such as two, three or more. In this regard, the embodiments of the present invention do not make specific limitations. In the following embodiments, four first connection ends 113 are taken as an example for explanation. The length direction of the distribution box 10 can be Figure 2 the direction indicated by X in Figure 2 and the width direction of the distribution box 10 can be the direction indicated by Y in. Along the width direction of the distribution box 10, three of the first connection ends 113 can be arranged on one side of the distribution box 10 close to the power connection terminal 111, and the three first connection ends 113 can be arranged at intervals along the length direction of the distribution box 10; the other first connection end 113 can be arranged on the other side of the distribution box 10 far from the power connection terminal 111. Such an arrangement enables the low-voltage electrical appliance 40 to be electrically connected to the power connection terminal 111 through the first connection end 113, so that the low-voltage electric energy provided by the external power supply 20 can be distributed to each low-voltage electrical appliance 40 through the distribution box 10.

[0066] Please continue to refer to Figures 1 - 3 As shown, in some examples of the present invention, the distribution box 10 further includes: a second connection end 114 located in the middle of the distribution box 10. The second connection end 114 is electrically connected to the fuse 112, and the second connection end 114 is adapted to be electrically connected to the low-voltage electrical appliance 40.

[0067] Specifically, the structure of the second connection end 114 can be the same as that of the power connection terminal 111. The second connection end 114 can be fixedly connected to the end of the fuse 112 facing away from the power connection terminal 111 by means of threaded connection, and the second connection end 114 and the fuse 112 can be in an electrically connected state. Such an arrangement enables the low-voltage electrical appliance 40 to be electrically connected to the power connection terminal 111 through the second connection end 114, so that the low-voltage electric energy provided by the external power supply 20 can be distributed to each low-voltage electrical appliance 40 through the distribution box 10.

[0068] Please continue to refer to Figures 1 - 3 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the distribution box 10 further includes: a voltage detection component (not shown in the figure). The voltage detection component is arranged inside the housing 110. The voltage detection component is electrically connected to the power connection terminal 111, and the voltage detection component is used to detect the voltage input to the power connection terminal 111.

[0069] Specifically, the voltage detector can be fixedly arranged inside the housing 110. The voltage detector can detect in real time the voltage value input from the external power supply 20 to the power connection terminal 111. Further, a processor (not shown in the figure) can also be arranged in the distribution box 10. The voltage detector can transmit the detected voltage value to the processor. The processor can be used to receive the detected voltage value and compare the voltage value with a preset voltage. When the detected voltage value is greater than the preset value, the processor can send an instruction to the protection component 120, so that the self-resistance of the protection component 120 can be instantaneously reduced to an extremely low value, thereby forming a short circuit between the power connection terminal 111 and the negative pole of the external power supply 20, and further effectively protecting the low-voltage electrical appliance 40.

[0070] The vehicle (not shown in the figure) provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes the distribution box 10 for a vehicle in the above embodiment. The specific structure and working principle of the distribution box 10 have been explained in detail in the above embodiment and will not be repeated here one by one.

[0071] Other components of the distribution box 10 for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as the external power supply 20, the low-voltage electrical appliance 40, the converter 30, the wire, etc., and the operations are known to those of ordinary skill in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0072] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "schematic embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0073] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and purposes of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A distribution box for a vehicle, characterized in that, Comprising: A housing having power connection terminals adapted to be electrically connected to an external power supply; A protection component connected to the housing and electrically connected to the power connection terminals, the protection component being adapted to be electrically connected to the negative pole of the external power supply. When the voltage value input by the power connection terminals is greater than a preset value, the protection component is adapted to connect the power connection terminals to the negative pole of the external power supply to connect the positive and negative poles of the external power supply; The protection component includes a protection element, a bus bar and a terminal. The protection element is electrically connected to the power connection terminals. The bus bar is connected between the protection element and the terminal, and the terminal is adapted to be electrically connected to the negative pole of the external power supply; The protection element is configured as a diode or a varistor.

2. The distribution box for a vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The terminal is connected to the housing by means of a threaded connection, and the terminal is configured as a screw or a bolt.

3. The distribution box for a vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distribution box further includes: A fuse connected to the housing and electrically connected to the power connection terminals; The protection element is electrically connected to the power connection terminals through the fuse.

4. The distribution box for a vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that, The distribution box further includes: A first connection end located at the end of the distribution box, the first connection end being electrically connected to the fuse and adapted to be electrically connected to a low-voltage electrical appliance.

5. The distribution box for a vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that, The number of the first connection ends is multiple.

6. The distribution box for a vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that, The distribution box further includes: A second connection end located in the middle of the distribution box, the second connection end being electrically connected to the fuse and adapted to be electrically connected to a low-voltage electrical appliance.

7. The distribution box for a vehicle according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The distribution box further includes: A voltage detection component disposed inside the housing, the voltage detection component being electrically connected to the power connection terminals and used for detecting the voltage input to the power connection terminals.

8. A vehicle, characterized in that, Including a distribution box for a vehicle according to any one of claims 1-7.

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