A moisture-responsive knitted fabric and a method of making the same

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of knitted fabric, and provides a moisture-responsive knitted fabric and a preparation method thereof.The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, providing micro-porous polyester yarn; S2, performing S / S and yarn of the micro-porous polyester yarn and diacetate filament to form micro-porous polyester / diacetate parallel composite yarn; and S3, performing weft knitting of the micro-porous polyester / diacetate parallel composite yarn to obtain the moisture-responsive knitted fabric.In the present application, the surface of the modified polyester yarn has a micro-porous structure, the evaporation area is larger, and the quick-drying property is better; the difference in moisture regain between the modified polyester yarn and the diacetate yarn is very large; when the composite fabric encounters moisture, the fabric ring and the fabric grain size change obviously, the pore between the yarns becomes larger, and the air permeability becomes higher.The fabric prepared by the present application can effectively adjust the air permeability and heat dissipation performance according to different humidity conditions of the user's skin, thereby having good thermal-wet comfort.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of knitted fabric technology, and specifically relates to a moisture-responsive knitted fabric and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the vigorous development of the domestic sports industry, the number of people who love sports has become more and more extensive, and the sports scenarios have become more and more diversified. Therefore, creating sportswear that can be used in multiple scenarios and adapt to different environmental changes is an urgent need of consumers and an important development trend of sports textiles.

[0003] As is well known, the microclimate between the human body and the clothing worn is completely different before and after exercise, as well as during exercise. Compared to before and after exercise, the human body produces a large amount of moisture during exercise, requiring clothing with increased breathability to facilitate rapid heat dissipation and maintain comfort. After exercise, however, athletes need warm clothing to prevent catching a cold. Therefore, how to provide clothing that can effectively wick away sweat during exercise and keep the wearer dry and prevent chills after exercise—in other words, how to provide clothing fabrics that respond to different levels of moisture—has become a key technical problem that researchers in this field need to solve.

[0004] Chinese patent document CN 106757512 A discloses a shape memory polyester fiber and fabric. The shape memory polyester fiber body is a composite spun yarn consisting of a water-repellent polyester layer and a hydrophilic polyester layer, forming a helical ribbon-like composite structure. Under specific humidity conditions, this composite polyester fiber exhibits different morphological changes, resulting in fabrics with good breathability and dryness. The aforementioned prior art mainly involves combining two polyesters with different hygroscopic properties to form a helical ribbon-like parallel composite yarn through composite spinning, achieving deformation upon contact with moisture based on the different hygroscopic properties of the two polyester components. However, this technology has very limited deformation effects upon contact with moisture, and the improvement in breathability is minimal. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a moisture-responsive knitted fabric and its preparation method. The fabric prepared by the present invention can effectively adjust its breathability and heat dissipation performance according to different humidity conditions such as the user's skin, thereby having better thermal and moisture comfort.

[0006] This invention provides a method for preparing a moisture-responsive knitted fabric, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. Provides microporous polyester yarn;

[0008] S2. The microporous polyester yarn and diacetate filament are combined in an S / S manner to form a microporous polyester / diacetate parallel composite yarn.

[0009] S3. The microporous polyester / diacetate parallel composite yarn is weft-knitted to obtain a moisture-responsive knitted fabric.

[0010] This invention discloses a humidity-responsive knitted fabric and its preparation method. The fabric's heat dissipation performance is adjusted by the opening and closing of the texture after the fabric comes into contact with water, thereby improving the fabric's thermal and moisture comfort.

[0011] This invention first provides a microporous polyester yarn, the fiber surface of which has a microporous structure. In this embodiment, the process of preparing the microporous polyester yarn is as follows:

[0012] The weight of the modified polyester yarn containing nanomaterials is reduced by contacting it with caustic soda.

[0013] The weight-reduced yarn is washed with alkaline water to dissolve multiple micropores on the yarn surface, resulting in microporous polyester yarn.

[0014] The modified polyester yarn containing nanomaterials has a certain surface roughness, and the nanomaterials are generally nano-silica, which can play a certain role in forming pores. Specifically, the particle size of the nano-silica is 10-100 nm. The modified polyester yarn containing nanomaterials consists of 1-4% nanomaterials and 96-99% polyester by mass, and can use commercially available products, such as 50D / 36F or 75D / 48F.

[0015] In this embodiment of the invention, the modified polyester yarn containing nanomaterials is placed in a yarn dyeing device and subjected to alkali reduction treatment by immersion in a caustic soda solution, thereby obtaining a weight-reduced yarn. Preferably, the weight reduction rate of the yarn is 6% to 8%.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present invention, the process for alkali reduction treatment is specifically as follows:

[0017] Caustic soda with a concentration of 98% is 6% to 10% (by weight of the fabric);

[0018] Weight reduction accelerator: 0.5%–2% (per unit weight of fabric);

[0019] Bath ratio: 1:10 to 1:15;

[0020] Temperature: 90℃~110℃;

[0021] Time: 20 min to 40 min.

[0022] The weight reduction accelerator is specifically a cationic quaternary ammonium salt; the bath ratio is the weight ratio of the fabric to the solution, such as the ratio of weight in grams to the volume in liters of the treatment solution.

[0023] In an embodiment of the present invention, the yarn after alkali reduction is subjected to alkaline water washing treatment, which includes hot alkali washing, neutralization washing and cold water washing in sequence. The specific process is: first hot water washing - second hot water washing - cold water washing - drying.

[0024] The preferred temperatures for the first hot water wash are 90-100℃, with a heating rate of 5℃ / min and a holding time of 30min. The formula is as follows: penetrant 0.5-2.0g / L, soda ash 3.0-5.0g / L, and accelerator 0.5-1.5g / L. The preferred temperatures for the second hot water wash are 70-80℃, with a heating rate of 5℃ / min and a holding time of 20min. The formula is as follows: penetrant 0.5-1.0g / L, glacial acetic acid 2.0-4.0g / L, and accelerator 0.5-1.0g / L. The penetrant is generally a nonionic surfactant, such as nonionic alkyl phosphates and fatty alcohol ethoxylates, and the accelerator is a cationic quaternary ammonium salt. The preferred temperature for the cold water wash is 20-25℃, and the washing time is 20min. The preferred drying method is drying at 130℃ for 10min.

[0025] After the above processing, multiple micropores are dissolved on the yarn surface, and the weight reduction rate can be 6% to 8%, resulting in microporous polyester yarn. The cross-section of its microporous fibers is shown in the figure. Figure 1 As shown in the scanning electron microscope image.

[0026] After obtaining the microporous polyester yarn, this embodiment of the invention combines it with diacetate filaments in an S / S combination to form a parallel microporous polyester / diacetate composite yarn.

[0027] In an embodiment of the present invention, the diacetate filament can be 50s in length, with a specific density of 1.32 g / m. 3 The moisture regain is 8%. Step S2 is the yarn combining process, specifically the combining of two S-twist yarns; the moisture regain of the composite yarn is 3% to 6%.

[0028] In this embodiment of the invention, the obtained composite yarn is woven on a circular knitting machine or a flat knitting machine to prepare a knitted fabric (e.g., knitting density and needle count: 32” × 36G), with a fabric weight range of 100–180 g / m². 2 Preferred concentration: 110–140 g / m 2 .

[0029] In an embodiment of the present invention, after weft knitting in step S3, the knitted fabric is subjected to dyeing and / or finishing processes to obtain a moisture-responsive knitted fabric product. The finished fabric product of the present invention has a knitted structure, preferably a plain weave. The dyeing and finishing processes are not particularly limited and can be achieved using conventional fabric dyeing and finishing processes. Specific examples of dyeing and finishing processes are as follows:

[0030] Dyeing formula: Acetic acid-specific disperse dye concentration 0.5% owf~5% owf, acetic acid 0.5g / L~1g / L;

[0031] Dyeing process: Dyeing is carried out at room temperature with a dyeing bath ratio of 1:8 to 1:15, preferably 1:10; the dye bath is heated to 90℃ to 100℃, preferably 95℃, at a rate of 1℃ / min to 2℃ / min, preferably 1.5℃ / min, and held at this temperature for 50min to 70min before draining; the dyed fabric is then subjected to reduction washing with the following formula: 1 to 2 g / L soda ash, 2 to 4 g / L sodium hydrosulfite, water washing temperature of 80 to 90℃, and water washing time of 10min; the fabric after reduction washing is then washed twice more at room temperature, with each wash lasting 5 to 10min.

[0032] The dyed fabric is then set using a setting formula: softener 10-50g / L + acetic acid 0.5g / L. The softener is one or more types of polyurethane and silicone. The setting temperature is 130℃-180℃. The set fabric is then the finished fabric.

[0033] This invention provides a moisture-responsive knitted fabric prepared by the method described above, with a fabric weight range of 100–180 g / m². 2 The preferred value is 110–140 g / m³. 2 The fabric is preferably plain weave weft-knitted, and can be colored or bleached; there are no special limitations to this invention.

[0034] See Figure 2 When the fabric described in this embodiment of the invention is dry, its breathability can be 150-170 mm / s; when the fabric is wet, the size of the fabric rings and the fabric texture changes significantly, the pores between the yarns become larger, and the breathability becomes higher, which can be above 200 mm / s.

[0035] This invention discloses a moisture-responsive knitted fabric made by combining special polyester fibers with added nanomaterials and diacetate fibers, followed by special yarn treatment, weaving, and dyeing. The fabric is made by weft knitting of polyester yarn with micropores on its surface and diacetate yarn with very high moisture regain. In this invention, the modified polyester yarn has a larger specific surface area than ordinary polyester yarn due to its microporous structure, resulting in a larger evaporation area and better quick-drying properties. Simultaneously, the significant difference in moisture regain between the modified polyester yarn and the diacetate yarn causes a noticeable change in the size of the fabric loops and weave patterns when the composite fabric encounters moisture. The pores between the yarns enlarge, increasing breathability and allowing the fabric to effectively regulate its breathability in response to the humidity of human sweat. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 These are SEM images of the cross-section of microporous fibers in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the finished fabric structure in some embodiments of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0039] To better understand the technical content of this invention, specific embodiments are provided below to further illustrate the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all quantities are by weight. In the following embodiments, the modified polyester yarn comprises: 1%–4% nano-silica (particle size 10–100 nm) and 96%–99% polyester. The modified polyester yarn has specifications of 50D / 36F and 75D / 48F, a moisture regain of 1.6%, and a yarn density of 1.38 g / m². 3 The weight reduction accelerator is a cationic quaternary ammonium salt; the penetrant is a nonionic alkyl phosphate ester and a fatty alcohol ethoxylate, and the accelerator is a cationic quaternary ammonium salt.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] The preparation process of microporous moisture-responsive yarns and fabrics is as follows: microporous yarn pretreatment - yarn doubling - weaving - dyeing - finishing.

[0042] 1. Pretreatment of microporous yarn

[0043] The modified polyester yarn of 50D / 36F was subjected to alkali reduction treatment in a package dyeing machine. The treatment process is as follows:

[0044] 8% (by weight of fabric) of 98% caustic soda

[0045] Weight reduction accelerator 0.5% (per fabric weight)

[0046] Bath ratio: 1:12

[0047] Temperature: 95℃

[0048] Time: 30 min

[0049] The yarn after alkali reduction undergoes the following treatment: first hot water wash – second hot water wash – cold water wash – drying. Among these:

[0050] The temperature of the first hot water wash is 100℃, the heating rate is 5℃ / min, and the holding time is 30min. The formula is as follows: penetrant 0.5g / L, soda ash 3g / L, accelerator 1g / L;

[0051] The second hot water wash is at a temperature of 80℃, with a heating rate of 5℃ / min and a holding time of 20min. The formula is as follows: penetrant 0.5g / L, glacial acetic acid 2.0g / L, and accelerator 0.5g / L.

[0052] The cold water wash temperature is 25℃, and the time is 20 minutes.

[0053] Drying: Dry at 130℃ for 10 minutes.

[0054] After the above process, micropores are dissolved on the surface of the yarn, and the weight reduction rate is 6.5%, resulting in microporous polyester yarn.

[0055] 2. Paired yarn

[0056] 50D / 36F microporous polyester yarn and 50s diacetate filament (density 1.32g / m) were combined. 3 (With a moisture regain of 8%), S / S yarn is plied together to form a parallel microporous polyester / diacetate composite yarn, with a moisture regain of 3% to 6%.

[0057] 3. Weaving

[0058] The composite yarn was woven on a circular knitting machine to produce a knitted fabric with a knitting density and needle count of 32”×36G; the fabric weight was 140g / m². 2 Plain weave.

[0059] 4. Dyeing and finishing

[0060] The woven fabric is dyed and finished according to the following process to obtain the finished fabric.

[0061] The dyeing formula is as follows: Charliss Crimson ECF 0.06% owf, Charliss Blue HSF01 0.45% owf, Charliss Black ECF New 0.45% owf, and acetic acid 0.5 g / L.

[0062] Dyeing process: Dyeing is carried out at room temperature with a dyeing bath ratio of 1:10; the dye bath is heated to 95℃ at a rate of 1.5℃ / min and kept at that temperature for 60 minutes before draining; the dyed fabric is then subjected to reduction cleaning with the following formula: 1g / L soda ash, 3g / L sodium hydrosulfite, water temperature of 85℃, and water washing time of 10 minutes; the fabric after reduction cleaning is then washed twice more at room temperature, with each wash lasting 5 minutes.

[0063] The dyed fabric is then set using a setting formula: RPUNew liq c 30g / L + acetic acid: 0.5g / L, setting temperature is 150℃.

[0064] The quick-drying and breathability tests were conducted on the finished fabric, and the results are as follows:

[0065] Table 1. Fabric performance test results of Example 1

[0066]

[0067]

[0068] Breathability test under wet conditions: The fabric under standard re-wetting conditions is soaked with simulated sweat to 150% of the fabric weight, and then the breathability test is carried out in accordance with the national standard GB / T 5453-1997.

[0069] Example 2

[0070] The preparation process of microporous moisture-responsive yarns and fabrics is as follows: microporous yarn pretreatment - yarn doubling - weaving - dyeing - finishing.

[0071] 1. Pretreatment of microporous yarn

[0072] The modified polyester yarn of 75D / 48F was subjected to alkali reduction treatment in a package dyeing machine. The treatment process is as follows:

[0073] 10% (by weight of fabric) of 98% caustic soda

[0074] Weight reduction accelerator 1.0% (per fabric weight)

[0075] Bath ratio: 1:15

[0076] Temperature: 95℃

[0077] Time: 30 min

[0078] The yarn after alkali reduction undergoes the following treatment: first hot water wash – second hot water wash – cold water wash – drying. Among these:

[0079] The temperature of the first hot water wash is 100℃, the heating rate is 5℃ / min, and the holding time is 30min. The formula is as follows: penetrant 0.5g / L, soda ash 3g / L, accelerator 1g / L;

[0080] The second hot water wash is at a temperature of 80℃, with a heating rate of 5℃ / min and a holding time of 20min. The formula is as follows: penetrant 0.5g / L, glacial acetic acid 2.0g / L, and accelerator 0.5g / L.

[0081] The cold water wash temperature is 25℃, and the time is 20 minutes.

[0082] Drying: Dry at 130℃ for 10 minutes.

[0083] After the above process, micropores are dissolved on the surface of the yarn, and the weight reduction rate is 8%, resulting in microporous polyester yarn.

[0084] 2. Paired yarn

[0085] 75D / 48F microporous polyester yarn and 50s diacetate filament are doubled (S / S) to form a side-by-side microporous polyester / diacetate composite yarn. The proportion of microporous polyester is 50%, the proportion of diacetate filament is 50%, and the standard moisture regain of the composite yarn is 4.3%.

[0086] 3. Weaving

[0087] The composite yarn is woven on a circular knitting machine to produce a knitted fabric with a weight of 160 g / m². 2 Plain weave.

[0088] 4. Dyeing and finishing

[0089] The woven fabric is dyed and finished according to the following process to obtain the finished fabric.

[0090] The staining formula is as follows: Xialiling Yellow SEF 0.3% owf, Xialiling Deep Red ECF 0.75% owf, Xialiling Blue HSF 01 1.0% owf, and acetic acid 0.5 g / L.

[0091] Dyeing process: Dyeing is carried out at room temperature with a dyeing bath ratio of 1:10; the dye bath is heated to 95℃ at a rate of 1.5℃ / min and kept at that temperature for 60 minutes before draining; the dyed fabric is then subjected to reduction cleaning with the following formula: 1g / L soda ash, 3g / L sodium hydrosulfite, water temperature of 85℃, and water washing time of 10 minutes; the fabric after reduction cleaning is then washed twice more at room temperature, with each wash lasting 10 minutes.

[0092] The dyed fabric is then set using a setting formula: RPU New 1iq c 45g / L + Acetic acid: 0.5g / L, setting temperature is 150℃.

[0093] The quick-drying and breathability tests were conducted on the finished fabric, and the results are as follows:

[0094] Table 2. Fabric performance test results of Example 2

[0095]

[0096] Regarding the breathability of fabrics in existing technologies, the breathability in a wet state is approximately 10% higher than in a standard state. The different yarn specifications in Examples 1 and 2 have little impact on breathability; their main effect is on the fabric weight. As can be seen from the above examples, the fabric prepared by this invention can effectively adjust its breathability and heat dissipation performance according to different humidity levels of the user's skin, resulting in good thermal and moisture comfort.

[0097] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that due to the limitations of textual expression, while there are objectively infinite specific structures, those skilled in the art can make several improvements, modifications, or changes without departing from the principles of the present invention, and can also combine the above technical features in an appropriate manner. These improvements, modifications, changes, or combinations, or the direct application of the inventive concept and technical solution to other situations without modification, should all be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method of making a moisture-responsive knitted fabric, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: S1, providing a micro-porous polyester yarn, specifically: The modified polyester yarn containing nanomaterial is contacted with caustic soda to reduce the weight of the yarn; the weight reduction rate of the yarn is 6% to 8%; The reduced weight yarn is washed with alkaline water to dissolve a plurality of micropores on the surface of the yarn, thereby obtaining a micro-porous polyester yarn; S2, the micro-porous polyester yarn is S / S with diacetate filaments and is plied to form a micro-porous polyester / diacetate parallel composite yarn; S3, the micro-porous polyester / diacetate side-by-side composite yarn is weft-knitted to obtain a moisture-responsive knitted fabric, which is a plain weft-knitted fabric with a fabric weight ranging from 100 to 180 g / m 2 .

2. The preparation method of the moisture-responsive knitted fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the alkaline water washing comprises sequentially performing hot alkali washing, neutralization washing and cold water washing.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the moisture-responsive knitted fabric is prepared by knitting a yarn of the moisture-responsive material. In step S1, the modified polyester yarn containing nanomaterial has a specification of 50D / 36F or 75D / 48F.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the moisture-responsive knitted fabric is prepared by knitting a yarn of claim 1. In step S2, the diacetate filaments have a specification of 50s.

5. A method of making a moisture-responsive knitted fabric according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein, After weft knitting in step S3, the obtained knitted fabric is subjected to a dyeing and / or finishing process to obtain a wet-responsive knitted fabric product.

6. The moisture responsive knitted fabric prepared according to the process as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, having fabric weight in the range of 100 to 180 g / m 2 .

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