Frozen ground drilling machine based on hydraulic system and driving method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of frozen soil drilling machine based on hydraulic system and its driving method, and the frozen soil drilling machine includes hydraulic system, power transmission mechanism, actuator.Hydraulic system includes hydraulic motor, and the power source for providing power for hydraulic motor.Power transmission mechanism includes the planetary reducer connected with the output shaft of hydraulic motor, the main transmission shaft connected on the output shaft of planetary reducer, the main transmission gear connected on main transmission shaft, and multiple execution gears meshed with main transmission gear.Actuator includes the drill rod mechanically connected with execution gear, and the drill bit installed at the end of drill rod.The present application uses hydraulic system to replace traditional mechanical direct drive mechanism, by adjusting the working pressure of hydraulic system, the defect that traditional drilling machine into soil force cannot be controlled is solved;By adjusting the output flow of hydraulic system, it can realize wide-range stepless speed regulation, and the defect that the speed regulation range of drill bit is small is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of drilling machinery technology, specifically to a frozen soil drilling machine based on a hydraulic system and its driving method. Background Technology

[0002] Current drilling machines all use electric motors or diesel engines connected to reducers to directly drive the drill bit's rotation. These are traditional mechanical transmission devices, resulting in large size, low power-to-weight ratio, small drilling area, and poor operational flexibility. Furthermore, commercially available drilling machines often have low output power, a limited drill bit speed adjustment range, and inaccurate control over soil penetration force, leading to poor soil penetration performance. They are only suitable for loose soils and are ill-suited for frozen soils. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Purpose of the invention: To provide a frozen soil drilling machine based on a hydraulic system, and further to propose a driving method based on the above-mentioned frozen soil drilling machine, so as to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] Technical solution: A frozen soil drilling machine based on a hydraulic system, which includes a power source, a hydraulic system, a power transmission mechanism, an actuator, a guiding and limiting mechanism, and a mobile frame trolley.

[0005] The hydraulic system includes a hydraulic motor and a power source that provides power to the hydraulic motor.

[0006] The power transmission mechanism is mechanically connected to the hydraulic motor in the hydraulic system. The power transmission mechanism includes a planetary reducer connected to the output shaft of the hydraulic motor, a main drive shaft connected to the output shaft of the planetary reducer, a main drive gear connected to the main drive shaft, and multiple actuator gears meshing with the main drive gear. Considering the compactness and aesthetics of the spatial layout, a planetary reducer with a 90-degree structure is selected for the reduction mechanism in this design.

[0007] The actuator includes a drill rod mechanically connected to the actuating gear, and a drill bit mounted at the end of the drill rod. The hydraulic system, power source, power transmission mechanism, and actuator are all mounted on a mobile frame trolley.

[0008] The drill rod of the frozen soil drilling machine has three working states: the drill rod is stationary, the drill rod rotates clockwise, and the drill rod rotates counterclockwise. The drill rod state can be switched quickly and in real time during operation.

[0009] In further embodiments, in order to adapt to the special working conditions of field work, the frozen soil drilling machine selects a diesel engine as a power source, and provides the required pressure and flow of hydraulic oil for the hydraulic system through the diesel engine driving the high-pressure gear pump to rotate, and drives the hydraulic motor to work. The hydraulic motor is connected to the planetary reducer, and drives the four drill rods and the drill bit to rotate after being transmitted by the gear set, thereby completing the rapid drilling operation on the frozen soil.

[0010] In further embodiments, the frozen soil drilling machine adopts a four-drill-rod structure, and the four drill rods work simultaneously, greatly increasing the drilling area and drilling efficiency. The drill rod adopts a double-blade welded structure, greatly enhancing the drilling effect, and the soil removal rate can be as high as 90%. The drill bit is made of high-manganese steel composite material, has higher hardness and stronger wear resistance, has high impact resistance, and is suitable for soil structures in most areas of the country, especially for super-hard soil, clay, frozen soil, etc.

[0011] In further embodiments, the hydraulic system mainly consists of a hydraulic oil tank, an oil suction filter, an air filter, a diesel engine, a high-pressure gear pump, an overflow valve, a manual reversing valve, a hydraulic motor, and a connecting pipeline. The oil suction filter is in communication with the hydraulic oil tank; the high-pressure gear pump is in communication with the oil suction filter; the manual reversing valve is in communication with the high-pressure gear pump; the hydraulic motor is in communication with the manual reversing valve; the diesel engine is connected with the power input end of the high-pressure gear pump; and the overflow valve is in communication with the power output end of the high-pressure gear pump.

[0012] The hydraulic system adopts the adjustment mode of diesel engine + high-pressure gear pump + overflow valve to provide the required pressure and flow for the hydraulic motor to work. When the drill rod is stuck and cannot rotate during rotation due to foreign matter, the equipment has an overload protection function.

[0013] In further embodiments, the output shaft of the hydraulic motor is directly connected to the input interface of the planetary reducer, and under the drive of the hydraulic motor, the output shaft of the planetary reducer outputs forward and reverse rotary motion.

[0014] In further embodiments, the manual reversing valve includes A, B, P, and T four oil ports, the P oil port is in communication with the oil outlet end of the high-pressure gear pump, the T oil port is in communication with the hydraulic oil tank, and the A and B oil ports are in communication with the two oil ports of the hydraulic motor.

[0015] In further embodiments, when the manual reversing valve is in the a position, the P oil port is in communication with the B oil port, the T oil port is in communication with the A oil port, the high-pressure gear pump delivers oil into the hydraulic motor to make the power output end of the hydraulic motor rotate forward;

[0016] When the manual reversing valve is in the b position, the P oil port is in communication with the A oil port, and the T oil port is in communication with the B oil port, the high-pressure gear pump delivers oil into the hydraulic motor to make the power output end of the hydraulic motor rotate reversely.

[0017] When the manual reversing valve is in the intermediate position, the P oil port, the A oil port, the B oil port and the T oil port are in communication with each other, and the P oil port, the A oil port and the B oil port are in communication with the hydraulic oil tank through the T oil port, the oil output by the high-pressure gear pump directly returns to the hydraulic oil tank, and the power output end of the hydraulic motor is not in action;

[0018] In a further embodiment, when the pressure between the high-pressure gear pump and the manual reversing valve exceeds a set working pressure threshold, the overflow valve is automatically opened, and the excess flow of oil output by the high-pressure gear pump returns to the hydraulic oil tank through the overflow valve.

[0019] In a further embodiment, each of the execution gears is connected with an execution main shaft, and under the drive of the main transmission gear, the execution gear drives the execution main shaft to rotate in the forward and reverse directions.

[0020] The execution main shaft is rigidly connected with a drill rod, the drill rod is directly connected with a drill bit, and the drill rod and the drill bit rotate in the forward and reverse directions under the drive of the execution main shaft, thereby completing the frozen soil drilling operation.

[0021] In a further embodiment, the output shaft of the planetary reducer, the main transmission shaft and the main transmission gear, and the execution main shaft and the execution gear are connected by keys for power transmission.

[0022] The main transmission shaft and the execution main shaft are supported for rotation by two counter-mounted tapered roller bearings, each of which limits the axial movement of the shaft in one direction and bears the bidirectional axial load received by the drill rod and the drill bit during the operation.

[0023] In a further embodiment, the power transmission mechanism further comprises a gear box, and the main transmission gear, the execution gear, the main transmission shaft and the execution main shaft are arranged in the gear box.

[0024] In a further embodiment, the frozen soil drilling machine further comprises a guiding and limiting mechanism, and the guiding and limiting mechanism comprises a sliding block and a guide rail. In the guiding and limiting mechanism, the sliding block is rigidly connected with the gear box, and the sliding block slides back and forth on the guide rail, and the power transmission mechanism and the execution mechanism also move linearly on the guide rail along with the sliding block. The guiding and limiting mechanism mainly plays a guiding role when the drilling machine drills. In addition, by limiting the position of the sliding block, the guiding and limiting mechanism can limit the power transmission mechanism and the execution mechanism.

[0025] In a second aspect, a driving method of a frozen soil drilling machine is provided, and the frozen soil drilling machine has a transportation state position, a drilling initial position and a drilling termination position.

[0026] When the frozen soil drilling machine is carried by an operator, the drilling machine is in the transportation state position.

[0027] When the drilling operation is needed to be carried out, the power transmission mechanism, the actuating mechanism, the guiding and limiting mechanism rotate 90° around the rotating shaft of the mobile frame trolley, and the frozen soil drilling machine switches to the drilling initial position;

[0028] After the drilling operation is started, the actuating mechanism presses the frozen soil to perform the drilling operation at a predetermined pressure, and when the stroke of the actuating mechanism is completed, the drilling machine enters the drilling termination position.

[0029] In further embodiments, the drilling operation comprises the following steps:

[0030] The power source drives the high-pressure gear pump to provide the hydraulic system with hydraulic oil of required pressure and flow rate, and drives the hydraulic motor to work;

[0031] In order to realize the free adjustment of the rotating direction of the drill rod during drilling, a manual reversing valve is used in the hydraulic system to adjust the rotating direction of the hydraulic motor, and when the equipment is operated, the knob on the manual reversing valve is used to quickly switch between the forward rotation of the hydraulic motor, the reverse rotation of the hydraulic motor and the stop of the hydraulic motor;

[0032] The hydraulic motor is connected with the planetary reducer, and drives the four drill rods and the drill bit to rotate through the gear set, thereby completing the rapid drilling operation on the frozen soil;

[0033] The output shaft of the planetary reducer is connected with the main transmission shaft and the main transmission gear, and under the drive of the hydraulic motor, the planetary reducer drives the main transmission gear to rotate forward and reversely;

[0034] The actuating gears meshed with the main transmission gear are respectively connected with the actuating shafts, and under the drive of the main transmission gear, the actuating gears drive the actuating shafts to rotate forward and reversely;

[0035] The actuating shafts are rigidly connected with the drill rods, and the drill rods are directly connected with the drill bit, and under the drive of the actuating shafts, the drill rods and the drill bit rotate forward and reversely, thereby completing the drilling operation on the frozen soil;

[0036] The main transmission shaft and the actuating shaft are supported to rotate by two counter-installed tapered roller bearings, and the two tapered roller bearings limit the axial movement of the shafts in one direction and bear the bidirectional axial load of the drill rods and the drill bit during the operation;

[0037] In the guiding and limiting mechanism, the sliding block is rigidly connected with the lower gear box seat, and the sliding block slides back and forth on the guide rail, and the power transmission mechanism and the actuating mechanism also move linearly on the guide rail along with the sliding block; the guiding and limiting mechanism plays a guiding role when the drilling machine drills; by limiting the position of the sliding block, the power transmission mechanism and the actuating mechanism are limited.

[0038] Beneficial effects: the application proposes a frozen soil drilling machine based on hydraulic system and its driving method, adopts hydraulic system to replace traditional mechanical direct transmission mechanism, solves the defect that the earth entering force of traditional drilling machine cannot be controlled by adjusting the working pressure of hydraulic system; through adjusting the output flow of hydraulic system, wide range stepless speed regulation can be realized, and the defect that the drilling head rotation speed adjusting range is small is solved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 It is a composition and working principle block diagram of the frozen soil drilling machine.

[0040] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structure composition schematic diagram of the frozen soil drilling machine.

[0041] Figure 3 It is a working principle diagram of the hydraulic system of the frozen soil drilling machine.

[0042] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of one of the power transmission mechanisms of the frozen soil drilling machine.

[0043] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of one of the power transmission mechanisms of the frozen soil drilling machine.

[0044] Figure 6 It is a sectional view of the power transmission mechanism of the frozen soil drilling machine.

[0045] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the actuator.

[0046] Figure 8 It is a drilling initial position schematic diagram of the frozen soil drilling machine.

[0047] Figure 9 It is a drilling termination position schematic diagram of the frozen soil drilling machine.

[0048] The reference signs in the drawings are: power source 1, hydraulic system 2, power transmission mechanism 3, actuator 4, guiding and limiting mechanism 5, movable frame trolley 6, hydraulic oil tank 7, oil suction filter element 8, air filter 9, diesel engine 10, high-pressure gear pump 11, overflow valve 12, manual reversing valve 13, hydraulic motor 14, planetary reducer 15, main transmission gear 16, execution gear 17, lower gear box seat 18, upper gear box seat 19, main transmission shaft 20, execution main shaft 21, deep groove ball bearing 22, tapered roller bearing 23, drill bit 24, screw 25, drill rod 26, guide rail 27, sliding block 28. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a more thorough understanding of the present application. However, it will be apparent to one of skill in the art upon

[0050] The applicant has found that the current drilling machines are directly driven by electric motors or diesel engines connected to a speed reducer to drive the rotation of the drill bit, which belongs to the traditional mechanical transmission equipment. The drilling machines of this type have a large volume, a small power-to-mass ratio, a small drilling area, and poor flexibility. In addition, the drilling machines on the market have small output power, small drill bit speed adjustment range, and cannot accurately control the soil entering force, resulting in poor soil entering performance. They can only be used in loose soil and are not suitable for frozen soil.

[0051] The hydraulic system is a transmission mode that uses liquid as a working medium to transfer energy and control. The hydraulic system has the following advantages: it can achieve large-range stepless speed regulation, has good flexibility, simple and convenient control; in the case of the same output power, the hydraulic transmission device has small volume, light weight, small motion inertia, and good dynamic performance; it can conveniently realize overload control and has high safety. Today, the hydraulic system has been widely used in various mechanical equipment in various industries.

[0052] Based on the advantages of the hydraulic system, combined with the poor adaptability of the drilling machines on the market to frozen soil, the hydraulic system is integrated into the drilling machine and applied to the drilling construction of frozen soil, which has a high power-to-mass ratio, low energy consumption, high efficiency, and can realize remote automatic control.

[0053] Therefore, the present application aims to provide a frozen soil drilling machine based on a hydraulic system and a driving method thereof to solve the problems in the background art.

[0054] The present embodiment provides a frozen soil drilling machine based on a hydraulic system, which comprises a power source 1, a hydraulic system 2, a power transmission mechanism 3, an execution mechanism 4, a guide and limiting mechanism 5, and a mobile frame trolley 6.

[0055] The power source 1 of the frozen soil drilling machine is selected as a diesel engine, which can adapt to the special working condition requirements of the frozen soil drilling machine in field operation.

[0056] The hydraulic system 2 of the frozen soil drilling machine comprises a hydraulic oil tank 7, an oil suction filter 8, an air filter 9, a diesel engine 10, a high-pressure gear pump 11, an overflow valve 12, a manual reversing valve 13, and a hydraulic motor 14. The oil suction filter 8 is in communication with the hydraulic oil tank 7; the high-pressure gear pump 11 is in communication with the oil suction filter 8; the manual reversing valve 13 is in communication with the high-pressure gear pump 11; the hydraulic motor 14 is in communication with the manual reversing valve 13; the diesel engine 10 is connected with the power input end of the high-pressure gear pump 11; and the overflow valve 12 is in communication with the power output end of the high-pressure gear pump 11. The hydraulic system 2 adopts the regulating mode of the diesel engine 10 + the high-pressure gear pump 11 + the overflow valve 12 to provide the required pressure and flow for the hydraulic motor 14. When the drill rod 26 is stuck and unable to rotate due to encountering foreign matter during rotation, the equipment has an overload protection function. The output shaft of the hydraulic motor 14 is directly connected with the input interface of the planetary reducer 15, and the output shaft of the planetary reducer 15 outputs forward and reverse rotary motion under the drive of the hydraulic motor 14. The manual reversing valve 13 comprises A, B, P, and T four oil ports, the P oil port is in communication with the oil outlet end of the high-pressure gear pump 11, the T oil port is in communication with the hydraulic oil tank 7, the A and B oil ports are in communication with the two oil ports of the hydraulic motor 14. When the manual reversing valve 13 is in the a position, the P oil port is in communication with the B oil port, the T oil port is in communication with the A oil port, the high-pressure gear pump 11 delivers oil into the hydraulic motor 14 to make the power output end of the hydraulic motor 14 rotate forward. When the manual reversing valve 13 is in the b position, the P oil port is in communication with the A oil port, the T oil port is in communication with the B oil port, the high-pressure gear pump 11 delivers oil into the hydraulic motor 14 to make the power output end of the hydraulic motor 14 rotate reversely. When the manual reversing valve 13 is in the intermediate position, the P, A, B, and T oil ports are all in communication with each other, and the P, A, and B oil ports are all in communication with the hydraulic oil tank 7 through the T oil port, the oil delivered by the high-pressure gear pump 11 directly returns to the hydraulic oil tank 7, and the power output end of the hydraulic motor 14 is not in action; in a further embodiment, when the pressure between the high-pressure gear pump 11 and the manual reversing valve 13 exceeds the set working pressure threshold, the overflow valve 12 is automatically opened, and the excess flow of oil delivered by the high-pressure gear pump 11 returns to the hydraulic oil tank 7 through the overflow valve 12.

[0057] The power transmission mechanism 3 of the frozen soil drilling machine comprises the hydraulic motor 14, the planetary reducer 15, the main transmission gear 16, the execution gear 17, the lower gear box seat 18, the upper gear box seat 19, the main transmission shaft 20, the execution main shaft 21, the deep groove ball bearing 22, and the tapered roller bearing 23.

[0058] The execution mechanism 4 of the frozen soil drilling machine comprises the drill bit 24, the screw 27, and the drill rod 26.

[0059] The frozen soil drilling machine adopts the following working principle.

[0060] The diesel engine of the power source 1 drives the high-pressure gear pump 11 to provide the hydraulic system 2 with hydraulic oil of required pressure and flow rate, and drives the hydraulic motor 14 to work.

[0061] The hydraulic system 2 of the frozen soil drilling machine adopts the following technical scheme.

[0062] The high-pressure gear pump 11 is used to realize mechanical-hydraulic energy conversion. The high-pressure gear pump 11 is driven to rotate by the diesel engine of the power source 1, and the high-pressure gear pump 11 converts the rotary mechanical energy of the diesel engine into pressure energy of liquid, thereby providing the hydraulic system 2 with hydraulic oil of required pressure and flow rate, and providing sufficient power for the drill pipe 26 and the drill bit 24 to work.

[0063] The hydraulic motor 14 is used to realize hydraulic-mechanical energy conversion. The hydraulic motor 14 is the actuator of the hydraulic system 2, and converts the pressure energy of liquid into rotary mechanical energy, which is finally output in the form of rotation of the drill pipe 26 and the drill bit 24 after a series of transmissions.

[0064] In order to realize free adjustment of the rotation direction of the drill pipe 26 during drilling, the hydraulic system 2 adopts the manual reversing valve 13 to adjust the rotation direction of the hydraulic motor 14. When operating the equipment, the knob on the manual reversing valve 13 can be used to quickly switch between forward rotation of the hydraulic motor 14, reverse rotation of the hydraulic motor 14 and stop of the hydraulic motor 14.

[0065] The hydraulic system 2 adopts the overflow valve 12 to set the working pressure of the motor and limit the maximum working pressure of the system, and when the hydraulic motor 14 is locked, the overflow valve 12 can be automatically opened and overflowed, thereby playing a good safety protection role on the hydraulic system 2.

[0066] The output shaft of the hydraulic motor 14 is directly connected to the input interface of the planetary reducer 15. Under the drive of the hydraulic motor 14, the output shaft of the planetary reducer 15 can output forward and reverse rotary motion.

[0067] The power transmission mechanism 3 of the frozen soil drilling machine adopts the following technical scheme.

[0068] The output shaft of the planetary reducer 15 is connected to the main transmission shaft 20 and the main transmission gear 16. Under the drive of the hydraulic motor 14, the planetary reducer 15 drives the main transmission gear 16 to rotate forward and reverse.

[0069] The four execution gears 17 are engaged with the main transmission gear 16 and are connected with four execution shafts 21, respectively.

[0070] The execution shafts 21 are rigidly connected with drill rods 26, and the drill rods 26 are directly connected with drill heads 24.

[0071] The output shaft of the planetary reducer 15 is connected with the main transmission shaft 20 through a key, the main transmission shaft 20 is connected with the main transmission gear 16 through a key, and the execution shaft 21 is connected with the execution gear 17 through a key.

[0072] The main transmission shaft 20 and the execution shaft 21 are rotatably supported by two counter-mounted conical roller bearings 23, and the two conical roller bearings 23 limit the axial movement of the shaft in one direction and bear the bidirectional axial load of the drill rods 26 and the drill heads 24 during the operation.

[0073] The execution mechanism 4 of the frozen soil drilling machine adopts the following technical scheme.

[0074] The drill rods 26 and the execution shafts 21, and the drill rods 26 and the drill heads 24 are connected through screws 25, which can realize quick disassembly and replacement.

[0075] The guiding and limiting mechanism 5 of the frozen soil drilling machine adopts the following technical scheme.

[0076] In the guiding and limiting mechanism 5, the sliding block 28 is rigidly connected with the lower gear box seat 18, and the sliding block 28 slides back and forth on the guide rail 27, and the power transmission mechanism 3 and the execution mechanism 4 also move linearly on the guide rail 27 along with the sliding block 28. The guiding and limiting mechanism 5 mainly plays a guiding role when the drilling machine is drilling. In addition, by limiting the position of the sliding block 28, the power transmission mechanism 3 and the execution mechanism 4 can be limited.

[0077] The frozen soil drilling machine has three state positions, namely, a transportation state position, a drilling initial position and a drilling termination position. When the frozen soil drilling machine is carried by the operator, the drilling machine is in the transportation position; when drilling operation is needed, the power transmission mechanism 3, the execution mechanism 4 and the guiding and limiting mechanism 5 rotate 90° around the rotating shaft of the mobile frame trolley 6, and the state of the frozen soil drilling machine is switched to the drilling position.

[0078] Although the present application has been shown and described with reference to certain preferred embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the application is not to be limited to the specific embodiments shown and described, and that various changes can be made to form and details without departing from the spirit and scope of the application as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A frozen ground boring machine based on a hydraulic system, characterized by, Comprise: A hydraulic system; the hydraulic system comprises a hydraulic motor; a power source for providing power for the hydraulic motor; a hydraulic oil tank; an oil suction filter communicated with the hydraulic oil tank; a high-pressure gear pump communicated with the oil suction filter; a manual reversing valve communicated with the high-pressure gear pump; a hydraulic motor communicated with the manual reversing valve; A diesel engine connected with the power input end of the high-pressure gear pump; and an overflow valve communicated with the power output end of the high-pressure gear pump; The manual reversing valve comprises A, B, P, T four oil ports, the P oil port is communicated with the oil outlet end of the high-pressure gear pump, the T oil port is communicated with the hydraulic oil tank, the A oil port and the B oil port are communicated with the two oil ports of the hydraulic motor; When the manual reversing valve is in a position a, the P oil port is communicated with the B oil port, the T oil port is communicated with the A oil port, the high-pressure gear pump delivers oil into the hydraulic motor to make the power output end of the hydraulic motor rotate forward; When the manual reversing valve is in a position b, the P oil port is communicated with the A oil port, the T oil port is communicated with the B oil port, the high-pressure gear pump delivers oil into the hydraulic motor to make the power output end of the hydraulic motor rotate reversely; When the manual reversing valve is in an intermediate position, the P oil port, the A oil port, the B oil port and the T oil port are all communicated with each other, and the P oil port, the A oil port and the B oil port are all communicated with the hydraulic oil tank through the T oil port, the oil output by the high-pressure gear pump directly returns to the hydraulic oil tank, and the power output end of the hydraulic motor has no action; When the pressure between the high-pressure gear pump and the manual reversing valve exceeds the set working pressure threshold, the overflow valve is automatically opened, and the excess flow of the oil output by the high-pressure gear pump returns to the hydraulic oil tank through the overflow valve; A power transmission mechanism mechanically connected with the hydraulic motor in the hydraulic system; the power transmission mechanism comprises a planetary reducer connected with the output shaft of the hydraulic motor, a main transmission shaft connected on the output shaft of the planetary reducer, a main transmission gear connected on the main transmission shaft, and a plurality of execution gears meshed with the main transmission gear; An execution mechanism comprising a drill rod mechanically connected with the execution gear, and a drill bit installed at the end of the drill rod; Wherein, the hydraulic system, the power transmission mechanism and the execution mechanism are all erected on the mobile frame trolley; The frozen soil drilling machine has three state positions of a transportation state position, a drilling initial position and a drilling termination position; When the frozen soil drilling machine is carried by the operator, the drilling machine is in the transportation state position; When drilling operation is needed, the power transmission mechanism, the execution mechanism, the guide and limiting mechanism are rotated together by 90° around the rotation shaft of the mobile frame trolley, and the state of the frozen soil drilling machine is switched to the drilling initial position; After the drilling operation starts, the execution mechanism executes the drilling operation on the frozen soil at a predetermined pressure, and when the stroke of the execution mechanism is completed, it enters the drilling termination position.

2. A frozen ground boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that The output shaft of the hydraulic motor is directly connected with the input interface of the planetary reducer, and under the drive of the hydraulic motor, the output shaft of the planetary reducer outputs forward and reverse rotation motion.

3. A frozen ground boring machine according to claim 1, wherein, Each of the execution gears is connected with an execution main shaft, and under the drive of the main transmission gear, the execution gear drives the execution main shaft to rotate forward and backward; The execution main shaft is rigidly connected with a drill rod, the drill rod is directly connected with a drill bit, and under the drive of the execution main shaft, the drill rod and the drill bit rotate forward and backward, thereby completing the frozen soil drilling operation.

4. A frozen ground boring machine according to claim 3, wherein, The output shaft of the planetary reducer, the main transmission shaft and the main transmission gear, and the execution main shaft and the execution gear are connected through keys for power transmission; The main transmission shaft and the execution main shaft are supported to rotate by two reversely installed tapered roller bearings, and each of the two tapered roller bearings limits the axial movement of the shaft in one direction and bears the bidirectional axial load received by the drill rod and the drill bit during the operation. The power transmission mechanism further comprises a gear box, and the main transmission gear, the execution gear, the main transmission shaft and the execution main shaft are arranged in the gear box.

5. The hydraulic system-based frozen ground drill according to claim 4, characterized by, The guiding and limiting mechanism comprises a sliding block and a guide rail, the sliding block is rigidly connected with the gear box, and the sliding block slides on the guide rail, and the power transmission mechanism and the execution mechanism also slide linearly on the guide rail.

6. The driving method of a frozen ground boring machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The drilling operation comprises the following steps: The high-pressure gear pump is driven by the power source to provide the hydraulic system with hydraulic oil with required pressure and flow rate, and the hydraulic motor is driven to work; In order to freely adjust the rotation direction of the drill rod during drilling, a hand-operated reversing valve is used in the hydraulic system to adjust the rotation direction of the hydraulic motor, and when the equipment is operated, the knob on the hand-operated reversing valve is used to quickly switch between the forward rotation of the hydraulic motor, the reverse rotation of the hydraulic motor and the stop of the hydraulic motor. The hydraulic motor is connected with the planetary reducer, and drives the four drill rods and the drill bit to rotate through gear transmission, thereby completing the rapid drilling operation on the frozen soil. The output shaft of the planetary reducer is connected with the main transmission shaft and the main transmission gear, and under the drive of the hydraulic motor, the planetary reducer drives the main transmission gear to rotate forward and backward. The execution gears meshed with the main transmission gear are connected with the execution main shafts, and under the drive of the main transmission gear, the execution gears drive the execution main shafts to rotate forward and backward. The execution main shafts are rigidly connected with the drill rods, the drill rods are directly connected with the drill bits, and under the drive of the execution main shafts, the drill rods and the drill bits rotate forward and backward, thereby completing the frozen soil drilling operation. The main transmission shaft and the execution main shaft are supported to rotate by two reversely installed tapered roller bearings, and each of the two tapered roller bearings limits the axial movement of the shaft in one direction and bears the bidirectional axial load received by the drill rod and the drill bit during the operation. In the guiding and limiting mechanism, the sliding block is rigidly connected with the lower gear box seat, the sliding block slides back and forth on the guide rail, and the power transmission mechanism and the execution mechanism also slide linearly on the guide rail; the guiding and limiting mechanism plays a guiding role when the drilling machine drills; by limiting the position of the sliding block, the guiding and limiting mechanism plays a limiting role on the power transmission mechanism and the execution mechanism.

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