A tunnel deformation measurement device

Abstract

This application relates to a tunnel deformation measurement device, mainly relating to the technical field of auxiliary measurement equipment for tunnel engineering. It includes a machine base, a support mechanism arranged on the machine base and abutted against the inner wall of the tunnel, a plurality of measurement mechanisms arranged on the machine base, and a control system arranged on the machine base; the measurement mechanism includes a support cylinder vertically arranged on the end face of the machine base, a pressure sensor arranged in the support cylinder, a compression spring abutted against the pressure sensor, a measuring rod abutted against the compression spring, and a ball jointed to the measuring rod; the ball is abutted against the inner wall of the tunnel, and the pressure sensor is electrically connected to the control system. This application has the advantages of convenient operation, high detection efficiency, and being suitable for deformation monitoring of long tunnels.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering auxiliary measurement equipment, and in particular to a tunnel deformation measurement device. Background Art

[0002] The construction of long tunnels such as subway tunnels and mountain tunnels mainly relies on shield machine construction. When the shield machine is digging and advancing the tunnel, when the assembled lining originally located inside the shield shell is detached, a large gap will be generated near the bottom of the tunnel, which will cause stratum loss and irregular soil settlement. The phenomenon of stratum loss and irregular soil settlement will be more serious in water-rich areas. In order to avoid this phenomenon from having an adverse effect on the overall forming quality of the tunnel, it is necessary to grasp the deformation of the inner wall of the tunnel in real time.

[0003] At present, the deformation measurement of the inner wall of a tunnel requires first using conventional measuring equipment to find the location with the largest deformation in the tunnel, and then using a total station to accurately measure and compare the point to obtain the actual deformation. The deformation of a tunnel usually changes linearly. If conventional measuring equipment is used to confirm the measurement point, it is necessary to take out multiple measurement points on the tunnel section to be measured for preliminary measurement, and then draw a bar graph of the change between the deformation amount and the measurement point position to find the point with the largest deformation on the tunnel section to be measured. The accuracy of this method of determining the measurement point is mainly limited by the number of sampling points. If the length of the tunnel section to be measured is long, a large number of points need to be taken to ensure the measurement accuracy, which significantly increases the workload of the measurement work and makes it difficult to carry out efficiently.

[0004] With respect to the above-mentioned related technologies, the inventors believe that the existing tunnel deformation measurement methods have a large measurement workload and low efficiency, and are difficult to meet the use requirements of long tunnel deformation measurement. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to improve the efficiency of tunnel deformation measurement, simplify the operation steps of tunnel deformation measurement, and reduce the difficulty of measurement, the present application provides a tunnel deformation measurement device.

[0006] The tunnel deformation measurement device provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A tunnel deformation measuring device comprises a machine base, a supporting mechanism arranged on the machine base and abutting against an inner wall of a tunnel, a plurality of measuring mechanisms arranged on the machine base and a control system arranged on the machine base; the measuring mechanism comprises a supporting tube arranged vertically on an end face of the machine base, a pressure sensor arranged in the supporting tube, a compression spring abutting against the pressure sensor, a measuring rod abutting against the compression spring and a ball hinged to the measuring rod; the ball abuts against the inner wall of the tunnel, and the pressure sensor is electrically connected to the control system.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solutions, the machine base provides an installation position for the installation of other parts of the present application and plays a role in position limitation, enabling other parts of the structure to be connected into a whole. The support mechanism installed on the base and abutted against the inner wall of the tunnel can fix the present application on the inner wall of the tunnel and enable the present application to move along the direction in which the tunnel extends. The support cylinder in the measuring mechanism installed on the base plays a role in position limitation for the installation of the measuring rod. The measuring rod can abut against the inner wall of the tunnel under the action of the compression spring. The ball rotatably connected to the end of the measuring rod can reduce the relative friction between the measuring rod and the inner wall of the tunnel, enabling the measuring rod to move along the extension direction of the tunnel with the overall part of the present application. The pressure sensor installed in the support cylinder can measure the elastic force generated by the compression spring and convert it into an electrical signal and transmit it to the control system. The control system can calculate the change in the telescopic amount of the compression spring based on the change in the elastic force of the compression spring, and then calculate the change in the extension amount of the measuring rod, and further obtain the actual size of the inner wall of the tunnel at this point. When the present application moves along the inner wall of the tunnel, the deformation amount at each position of the tunnel section to be measured can be quickly obtained according to this principle, so as to accurately find the position with the largest deformation amount, eliminating the process of multi-point measurement and drawing the change curve, achieving the invention purpose of improving the efficiency of tunnel deformation measurement, simplifying the operation steps of tunnel deformation measurement, and reducing the measurement difficulty of the present application.

[0009] Optionally, the measuring rod includes a limit block abutting against the compression spring, an inner rod body connected to the limit block, and an outer rod body in threaded cooperation with the inner rod body; the ball is hinged to one end of the outer rod body away from the inner rod body.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solutions, the limit block in the measuring rod plays a role in clamping the whole measuring rod inside the support cylinder, preventing the measuring rod from coming out of the support cylinder. The outer rod body in the measuring rod plays a role in position limitation for the installation of the ball. The structural design of the threaded cooperation between the inner rod body and the outer rod body in the measuring rod enables the overall length of the measuring rod to be adaptively adjusted according to the actual size of the tunnel to be measured, improving the applicable range and use convenience of the present application.

[0011] Optionally, a handwheel is fixedly sleeved on the outer rod body.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solutions, the handwheel fixedly sleeved on the outer rod body can increase the torque when rotating the outer rod body, reduce the radial force required to rotate the outer rod body, improve the contact friction on the surface of the outer rod body, make the outer rod body more convenient to rotate, and improve the use convenience of the present application.

[0013] Optionally, a plurality of support plates are uniformly arranged on the side wall of the support cylinder along the direction perpendicular to the end face of the machine base; the support plates are vertically connected to the machine base.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, multiple support plates arranged on the side wall of the support cylinder perpendicular to the end face of the machine base can improve the stability and anti-bending ability of the connection structure between the support cylinder and the machine base, enhance the load-bearing capacity and application range of the present application, prevent the measuring mechanism from being deformed easily during continuous movement, and ensure the measurement accuracy and service life.

[0015] Optionally, the support mechanism includes multiple support legs rotatably connected to the machine base and a positioning plate arranged between two support legs on the same side.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the structural design of the support legs rotatably connected to the machine base in the support mechanism enables the support legs to be adjusted to an appropriate support angle according to the shape of the tunnel inner wall, improving the application range and usability of the present application. The positioning plate installed between the support legs can synchronize the flipping angles of two support legs on the same side, simplifying the adjustment and installation process of the present application.

[0017] Optionally, the support leg includes a connecting cylinder hinged to one end of the machine base, a connecting rod inserted into the connecting cylinder, and a spring universal wheel rotatably connected to the end of the connecting rod away from the connecting cylinder.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the structural design of the threaded cooperation between the connecting cylinder and the connecting rod in the support leg enables the length of the support leg to be adjusted adaptively according to the actual shape and size of the tunnel, improving the application range and usability of the present application. The spring universal wheel installed on the connecting rod can contact and roll on the tunnel inner wall, and the elastic structure of the spring universal wheel itself plays a role in vibration reduction. At the same time, the spring compression amount is adaptively changed with the slight deformation of the tunnel, so as to maintain the abutment with the tunnel inner wall without generating excessive support reaction force.

[0019] Optionally, the support mechanism further includes a synchronous motor; the power output shaft of the synchronous motor is belt-drivenly connected to two adjacent connecting rods.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the synchronous motor in the support mechanism can make the connecting rods of two support legs on the same side rotate out or retract synchronously through belt-driven connection, simplifying the adjustment and installation process of the present application.

[0021] Optionally, the positioning plate includes a plate body fixedly connected to the support leg and an adjusting plate slidably connected perpendicular to the plate body; the adjusting plate is fixedly connected to the synchronous motor.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the positioning plate is composed of two parts: a plate body and an adjusting plate vertically connected to the plate body. The structural design and the sliding connection structure between the adjusting plate and the plate body enable the position of the power output shaft of the synchronous motor installed on the adjusting plate to be adjusted, so that the transmission belt strip can be kept in a tensioned state, avoiding the phenomenon of slipping of the synchronous motor.

[0023] Optionally, the control system includes a control panel provided on one side of the machine base and an indicator light provided on the top of the machine base; the control panel is electrically connected to the indicator light and the pressure sensor.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the control panel in the control system can control the electrical equipment in this application. The calculation circuit included can analyze and calculate the electrical signals sent by the pressure sensor. The indicator light installed on the top of the machine base can be used to prompt the user of the position where the inner wall of the tunnel deforms.

[0025] Optionally, traction hooks are symmetrically provided on both side planes of the machine base perpendicular to the tunnel extension direction.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the traction hooks symmetrically installed on both side planes of the machine base perpendicular to the tunnel extension direction can be used to connect to the power equipment, so that this application can move along the tunnel extension direction under the traction of the power equipment, thereby measuring the deformation of each point of the tunnel to be measured.

[0027] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0028] 1. The base in this application provides an installation position for the installation of other parts of this application and plays a role in position limitation, enabling other parts of the structure to be connected into a whole. The support mechanism installed on the base and abutted against the inner wall of the tunnel can fix this application on the inner wall of the tunnel and enable this application to move along the direction in which the tunnel extends. The support cylinder in the measuring mechanism installed on the base plays a role in position limitation for the installation of the measuring rod. The measuring rod can abut against the inner wall of the tunnel under the action of the compression spring. The ball mounted at the end of the measuring rod in a rotational connection can reduce the relative friction between the measuring rod and the inner wall of the tunnel, enabling the measuring rod to move along the extension direction of the tunnel with the overall part of this application. The pressure sensor installed in the support cylinder can measure the elastic force generated by the compression spring and convert it into an electrical signal for transmission to the control system. The control system can calculate the change in the telescopic amount of the compression spring based on the change in the elastic force of the compression spring, and then calculate the change in the extension amount of the measuring rod, thereby obtaining the actual size of the inner wall of the tunnel at this point. When this application moves along the inner wall of the tunnel, the deformation amount at each position of the tunnel section to be measured can be quickly obtained according to this principle, so as to accurately find the position with the largest deformation amount, eliminating the process of multi-point measurement and drawing a change curve, achieving the invention purpose of this application to improve the efficiency of tunnel deformation measurement, simplify the operation steps of tunnel deformation measurement, and reduce the measurement difficulty;

[0029] 2. The structural design of the threaded fit between the connecting cylinder and the connecting rod in the support leg of this application enables the length of the support leg to be adjusted adaptively according to the actual shape and size of the tunnel, improving the scope of application and the convenience of use of this application. The spring universal wheels installed on the connecting rod can contact and roll with the inner wall of the tunnel. The elastic structure of the spring universal wheels itself plays a role in vibration reduction, and at the same time, the spring compression amount is adaptively changed with the slight deformation of the tunnel, so as to maintain the abutment with the inner wall of the tunnel without generating excessive support reaction force;

[0030] 3. The towing hooks symmetrically installed on both sides of the base in this application perpendicular to the tunnel extension direction can be used to connect with power equipment, enabling this application to move along the tunnel extension direction under the traction of the power equipment, so as to measure the deformation at each point of the tunnel to be measured. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a tunnel deformation measurement device disclosed in an embodiment of this application.

[0032] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the positioning plate in an embodiment of this application.

[0033] Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the measuring mechanism in an embodiment of this application.

[0034] Description of the reference numerals: 1. Machine base; 11. Towing hook; 2. Support mechanism; 21. Support leg; 22. Positioning plate; 23. Synchronous motor; 211. Connecting cylinder; 212. Connecting rod; 213. Spring universal wheel; 221. Plate body; 222. Adjusting plate; 3. Measuring mechanism; 31. Support cylinder; 311. Support plate; 32. Pressure sensor; 33. Compression spring; 34. Measuring rod; 35. Ball; 341. Limit block; 342. Inner rod body; 343. Outer rod body; 344. Handwheel; 4. Control system; 41. Control panel; 42. Indicator lamp. Detailed implementation manners

[0035] The following further describes the present application in conjunction with the Figure 1 - attached Figure 3 drawings in detail.

[0036] During the process of using a shield machine for long tunnel excavation construction, in order to ensure the final forming quality of the tunnel inner wall, it is necessary to master the deformation amount of the tunnel inner wall in real time. Regarding the measurement of the deformation amount of the tunnel inner wall, the currently common method is to use general measurement equipment to roughly measure multiple measurement points on the tunnel section to be measured, draw a curve graph of the deformation amount changing with the measurement position, and then use a total station to accurately measure the point with the largest deformation amount. As the length of the tunnel section to be measured increases, the number of points to be taken increases significantly, which will seriously affect the efficiency of the tunnel deformation amount measurement work. In order to improve the efficiency of tunnel deformation amount measurement, simplify the operation steps of tunnel deformation amount measurement, and reduce the measurement difficulty, the present application provides a tunnel deformation measurement device.

[0037] An embodiment of the present application discloses a tunnel deformation measurement device. Referring to Figure 1 , the tunnel deformation measurement device includes a machine base 1, a support mechanism 2, a measurement mechanism 3 and a control system 4. Among them, the support mechanism 2 is installed at the vertex position on the machine base 1 in a rotatable connection manner. The measurement mechanism 3 is vertically installed on the upper end surface and the left and right side surfaces of the machine base 1, and the control system 4 is installed on the side surface of the machine base 1. The control system 4 is electrically connected to the measurement mechanism 3 and the support mechanism 2.

[0038] Referring to Figure 1 , the machine base 1 can be a rectangular parallelepiped hollow metal box body, and a notch for adjusting the support mechanism 2 is provided at the vertex position of the machine base 1. Towing hooks 11 are symmetrically arranged on both side planes of the machine base 1 perpendicular to the tunnel extension direction by welding. The towing hooks 11 can be used to connect with power equipment, so that the present application can move along the tunnel extension direction under the drive of the power equipment.

[0039] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2, the support mechanism 2 includes eight support legs 21, four positioning plates 22 and four synchronous motors 23. Two support legs 21 on the same side are fixedly connected by a positioning plate 22. The support mechanism 2 includes a connecting cylinder 211, a connecting rod 212 and a spring universal wheel 213. Among them, the connecting cylinder 211 can be a hollow metal cylinder with internal threads on its inner wall. One end of the connecting cylinder 211 is rotatably connected to the vertex position of the machine base 1. The connecting rod 212 can be a solid threaded rod. The connecting rod 212 is in threaded cooperation with the connecting cylinder 211. The spring universal wheel 213 is installed at the end of the connecting rod 212 away from the connecting cylinder 211 and is rotatably connected to the connecting rod 212. There is a spring for adjusting the compression length on the spring universal wheel 213, so that the support leg 21 can keep in contact with the inner wall of the tunnel. The positioning plate 22 includes a plate body 221 sleeved on the connecting rod 212 and an adjusting plate 222 slidably connected to the plate body 221 along a direction perpendicular to the length of the plate body 221. The synchronous motor 23 is installed on the adjusting plate 222 by means of bolt connection. The synchronous motor 23 can be a two-way servo motor. The synchronous motor 23 is belt-connected to two connecting rods 212 at the same time through a concentric pulley with equal diameters, so as to realize the same-speed and same-direction rotation and extension or retraction of the two connecting rods 212. There are bolt holes for fixing positions between the adjusting plate 222 and the plate body 221, and the relative fixation at any position of the two can be realized by adding bolts.

[0040] Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3, the measuring mechanism 3 includes a support cylinder 31, a pressure sensor 32, a compression spring 33, a measuring rod 34, and a ball 35. Among them, the support cylinder 31 can be a hollow metal cylinder vertically welded to the upper surface and the left and right side planes of the machine base 1. A plurality of support plates 311 are vertically welded to the outer surface side wall of the support cylinder 31. The plurality of support plates 311 are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the support cylinder 31 and are vertically welded to the machine base 1. The pressure sensor 32 is installed at the bottom of the support cylinder 31. The compression spring 33 is a spring in a compressed state. One end of the compression spring 33 abuts against the pressure sensor 32, and the other end of the compression spring 33 abuts against the measuring rod 34. The measuring rod 34 is inserted into the support cylinder 31 and is slidably connected to the support cylinder 31. The ball 35 can be a solid metal sphere, and the ball 35 is ball-jointed to one end of the measuring rod 34 away from the compression spring 33. The measuring rod 34 includes a limit block 341, an inner rod body 342, an outer rod body 343, and a handwheel 344. Among them, the limit block 341 is slidably connected to the support cylinder 31 within a certain range. The inner rod body 342 is fixedly connected to the limit block 341. A threaded hole is opened at one end of the inner rod body 342 away from the limit block 341. A part of the outer rod body 343 is inserted into the threaded hole of the inner rod body 342 and is threadedly engaged with the inner rod body 342. One end of the outer rod body 343 away from the inner rod body 342 is ball-jointed to the ball 35. The handwheel 344 can be a corrugated wheel fixedly sleeved on the outer rod body 343. The user can drive the outer rod body 343 to rotate and extend out of the support or retract into the support cylinder 31 by rotating the handwheel 344.

[0041] Referring to Figure 1 , the control system 4 includes a control panel 41 and an indicator light 42. Among them, the control panel 41 is electrically connected to the pressure sensor 32, the indicator light 42, and the synchronous motor 23, and is used to receive the electrical signal generated by the pressure sensor 32 and perform calculations and analyses, control the display and blinking frequency of the indicator light 42, and control the rotation direction and speed of the synchronous motor 23. The control panel 41 is installed on one side plane of the machine base 1, and the indicator light 42 is installed on the top surface of the machine base 1. The indicator light 42 can change the display color and blinking frequency according to different electrical signals transmitted by the pressure sensor 32 under the control of the control panel 41, and is used to intuitively prompt the user about the tunnel deformation situation at this point.

[0042] The implementation principle of a tunnel deformation measuring device according to an embodiment of the present application is as follows: The user first rotates the support leg 21 to an appropriate angle and fixes it. The synchronous motor 23 is powered on so that the spring universal wheel 213 abuts against the inner wall of the tunnel, and the spring of the spring universal wheel 213 has a certain compression amount. Rotate the handwheel 344 so that the ball 35 abuts against the inner wall of the tunnel. Connect the power equipment to the traction hook 11, and start the power equipment to measure the deformation amount of the tunnel.

[0043] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereby. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application shall be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A tunnel deformation measurement device, characterized in that: It includes a machine base (1), a support mechanism (2) provided on the machine base (1) and abutting against the inner wall of the tunnel, a plurality of measuring mechanisms (3) provided on the machine base (1), and a control system (4) provided on the machine base (1); the measuring mechanism (3) includes a support cylinder (31) vertically provided on the end face of the machine base (1), a pressure sensor (32) provided in the support cylinder (31), a compression spring (33) abutting against the pressure sensor (32), a measuring rod (34) abutting against the compression spring (33), and a ball (35) hinged to the measuring rod (34); the ball (35) abuts against the inner wall of the tunnel, and the pressure sensor (32) is electrically connected to the control system (4); The measuring rod (34) includes a limit block (341) abutting against the compression spring (33), an inner rod body (342) connected to the limit block (341), and an outer rod body (343) in threaded cooperation with the inner rod body (342); the ball (35) is hinged to one end of the outer rod body (343) away from the inner rod body (342); The support mechanism (2) includes a plurality of support legs (21) rotatably connected to the machine base (1) and a positioning plate (22) provided between two support legs (21) on the same side; The support leg (21) includes a connecting cylinder (211) with one end hinged to the machine base (1), a connecting rod (212) inserted into the connecting cylinder (211), and a spring universal wheel (213) rotatably connected to the end of the connecting rod (212) away from the connecting cylinder (211). The machine base (1) is a rectangular parallelepiped hollow metal box body. Notches for adjusting the support mechanism (2) are provided at the vertex positions of the machine base (1). The support mechanism (2) includes eight support legs (21), four positioning plates (22), and four synchronous motors (23). The two support legs (21) on the same side are fixedly connected through the positioning plate (22).

2. The tunnel deformation measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A handwheel (344) is fixedly sleeved on the outer rod body (343).

3. The tunnel deformation measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of support plates (311) are uniformly provided on the side wall of the support cylinder (31) along the direction perpendicular to the end face of the machine base (1); the support plates (311) are perpendicularly connected to the machine base (1).

4. The tunnel deformation measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support mechanism (2) further includes a synchronous motor (23); the power output shaft of the synchronous motor (23) is belt-drivenly connected to two adjacent connecting rods (212).

5. The tunnel deformation measurement device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The positioning plate (22) is fixedly connected to a plate body (221) on the support leg (21) and an adjusting plate (222) slidably connected perpendicular to the plate body (221); the adjusting plate (222) is fixedly connected to the synchronous motor (23).

6. The tunnel deformation measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control system (4) includes a control panel (41) provided on one side of the machine base (1) and an indicator light (42) provided on the top of the machine base (1); the control panel (41) is electrically connected to the indicator light (42) and the pressure sensor (32).

7. A tunnel deformation measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Traction hooks (11) are symmetrically provided on both side planes of the machine base (1) perpendicular to the tunnel extension direction.

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