An optical gyroscope with adjustable dynamic range

Abstract

The present invention discloses an optical gyroscope with adjustable dynamic range, belonging to the technical field of optical sensing. It solves the problems that the current optical gyroscope has a small dynamic range, the dynamic range is not adjustable, and phase modulation of light must be performed to distinguish the direction of the rotation speed. It includes a light source, a polarization controller, a first coupler, a ring optical waveguide, a second coupler, a heating sheet, a voltage source, a spectrometer, and a signal processing and control system. The present invention uses the heating sheet to control the cavity length of the optical resonator, thereby tuning the dynamic range. At the same time, a broadband light source is used to output continuous and constant-intensity broadband light, and the transmission spectrum of the optical resonator is obtained by using the spectrometer. Then, by accurately positioning the resonance frequency of the optical resonator, the magnitude and direction of the rotation speed can be obtained simultaneously. Therefore, the present invention has the advantages of adjustable dynamic range, large measurement rotation rate range, no phase modulation device, and the ability to distinguish the direction of the rotation speed without performing phase modulation on light.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of optical sensing, and particularly relates to an optical gyroscope with adjustable dynamic range. Background Art

[0002] An optical gyroscope is a sensor that uses an interferometer or an interference method to measure angular velocity. Such gyroscopes usually use light in the visible or near-infrared region. Therefore, an optical gyroscope can also be considered as a type of sensor that uses electromagnetic waves as inertial elements. Compared with mechanical gyroscopes, optical gyroscopes have the advantages of no mechanical moving parts, short startup time, output not being affected by certain external environmental interferences, being applicable to high-performance strapdown systems, flexible system design, long service life, small volume, etc. Since the advent of optical gyroscopes, they have developed rapidly. Currently, laser gyroscopes, interferometric fiber optic gyroscopes, resonant fiber optic gyroscopes, stimulated Brillouin scattering fiber optic gyroscopes, etc. have been developed, and some gyroscopes have been commercialized.

[0003] The basic principle of an optical gyroscope is to utilize the Sagnac effect, that is, in a closed optical path of any geometric shape, when a light wave emitted from a certain observation point travels along the closed optical path and returns to the observation point, the phase of the light wave will change due to the rotation of the closed optical path relative to inertial space, and the magnitude of the phase change is proportional to the rotation rate of the closed optical path. However, current optical gyroscopes have the problem of relatively small dynamic range. For places with a large range of rotational rate changes, current optical gyroscopes are difficult to meet the requirements of these places. On the other hand, there is a contradiction between accuracy and dynamic range in optical gyroscopes, that is, the higher the accuracy, the smaller the dynamic range, and the lower the accuracy, the larger the dynamic range. The dynamic range of current optical gyroscopes is fixed, so it is difficult for them to meet the requirements of places with different accuracies and different dynamic ranges. At the same time, current optical gyroscopes include phase modulation devices. Only by modulating the phase of light through the phase modulation device can the direction of the rotational speed be distinguished. This way of distinguishing the direction of the rotational speed increases the complexity of the gyroscope system, introduces corresponding noise, and reduces the accuracy of the optical gyroscope. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on the above deficiencies, the present invention provides an optical gyroscope with adjustable dynamic range, which solves the problems of small dynamic range, non-adjustable dynamic range, difficulty in meeting the requirements of places with a large range of rotational rate changes, and the necessity of phase modulating light to distinguish the direction of the rotational speed in current optical gyroscopes.

[0005] The object of the present invention is achieved as follows: An optical gyroscope with adjustable dynamic range includes a light source, a polarization controller, a first coupler, a ring optical waveguide, a second coupler, a heating sheet, a voltage source, a spectrometer, and a signal processing and control system. The light output end of the light source is connected to the light input end of the polarization controller. The light output end of the polarization controller is connected to the first light input end of the first coupler. The ring optical waveguide is respectively connected to the light output end and the second light input end of the first coupler, the light input end and the first light output end of the second coupler. The first coupler, the ring optical waveguide, and the second coupler are all placed on the heating sheet, and the first coupler is fixedly connected to the heating sheet. The signal input end of the heating sheet is connected to the signal output end of the voltage source. The signal input end of the voltage source is connected to the first signal output end of the signal processing and control system. The second light output end of the second coupler is connected to the light input end of the spectrometer. The signal output end of the spectrometer is connected to the signal input end of the signal processing and control system. The second signal output end of the signal processing and control system outputs the gyroscope output signal;

[0006] The first coupler, the ring optical waveguide, and the second coupler form an optical resonator; the light source outputs continuous and constant-intensity broadband light, and the line width of the light is at least 10 times the free spectral range of the optical resonator; when the temperature of the heating sheet increases, the radius of the optical resonator increases, and when the temperature of the heating sheet decreases, the radius of the optical resonator decreases, and the relationship between the temperature of the heating sheet and the radius of the optical resonator corresponds; the temperature of the heating sheet is controlled by the voltage at the signal input end of the heating sheet;

[0007] Before the optical gyroscope is used, it needs to be "zeroed" under static conditions. The process of "zeroing" is as follows: First, the signal processing and control system outputs a control signal to the voltage source, so that the voltage value of the DC voltage signal output by the voltage source is U0, thereby increasing the temperature of the heating sheet to a certain temperature and increasing the radius of the optical resonator to a certain size; then, the signal processing and control system samples the transmission spectrum signal 0 output by the spectrometer, obtains the free spectral range of the optical resonator when it is stationary from the transmission spectrum signal 0, and arbitrarily selects a transmission peak 0 in the transmission spectrum signal 0, and obtains the frequency W0 corresponding to the maximum transmittance of the transmission peak 0. The frequency W0 is the resonance frequency of the optical resonator when it is stationary.

[0008] When this optical gyroscope works, the signal processing and control system outputs a control signal 0 and sends it to the voltage source, causing the voltage value of the DC voltage signal output by the voltage source to be U0, so that the temperature of the heating element rises to a certain temperature and the radius of the optical resonator becomes larger to a certain size; the signal processing and control system samples the transmission spectrum signal 1 output by the spectrometer, obtains the first transmission peak closest to the distance frequency W0 in the transmission spectrum signal 1, and obtains the frequency W1 corresponding to the maximum transmittance of this first transmission peak. The frequency W1 is the resonance frequency of the optical resonator at this time. If the absolute value of the difference between the frequency W1 and the frequency W0 is greater than half of the free spectral range, the signal processing and control system outputs a control signal and sends it to the voltage source, causing the voltage value of the DC voltage signal output by the voltage source to gradually decrease, so that the temperature of the heating element gradually decreases and the radius of the optical resonator gradually decreases until the absolute value of the difference between the frequency W1 and the frequency W0 is less than half of the free spectral range. At this time, if the frequency W1 is greater than the frequency W0, the rotation speed direction is clockwise; if the frequency W1 is less than the frequency W0, the rotation speed direction is counterclockwise. The rotation speed magnitude is obtained from the absolute value of the difference between the frequency W1 and the frequency W0. Among them, the frequency W0 is the resonance frequency of the optical resonator when it is stationary; finally, the signal processing and control system outputs a gyro output signal, and the gyro output signal includes the rotation speed magnitude and direction.

[0009] Further, the method for obtaining the frequency W0 is as follows: First, the signal processing and control system outputs a control signal and sends it to the voltage source, causing the voltage value of the DC voltage signal output by the voltage source to be U0, so that the temperature of the heating element rises to a certain temperature and the radius of the optical resonator becomes larger to a certain size; then, the signal processing and control system samples the transmission spectrum signal 0 output by the spectrometer, obtains the free spectral range of the optical resonator when it is stationary from the transmission spectrum signal 0, randomly selects a transmission peak 0 in the transmission spectrum signal 0, and obtains the frequency W0 corresponding to the maximum transmittance of this transmission peak 0. This frequency W0 is the resonance frequency of the optical resonator when it is stationary.

[0010] Further, the signal input end of the sampling circuit is the signal input end of the signal processing and control system, the first signal output end of the comparison output circuit is the first signal output end of the signal processing and control system, and the second signal output end of the comparison output circuit is the second signal output end of the signal processing and control system; the signal output end of the spectrometer is connected to the signal input end of the sampling circuit, the signal output end of the sampling circuit is connected to the signal input end of the comparison output circuit, the first signal output end of the comparison output circuit is connected to the signal input end of the voltage source, and the second signal output end of the comparison output circuit outputs the gyro output signal.

[0011] Further, when the optical gyroscope works, the comparison output circuit outputs a control signal 0 to the voltage source, so that the voltage value of the DC voltage signal output by the voltage source is U0, thereby increasing the temperature of the heating sheet to a certain temperature and increasing the radius of the optical resonator to a certain size; then, the sampling circuit samples the transmission spectrum signal 1 output by the spectrometer and sends the transmission spectrum signal 1 to the comparison output circuit. The comparison output circuit obtains the first transmission peak closest to the distance frequency W0 in the transmission spectrum signal 1, and obtains the frequency W1 corresponding to the maximum transmittance of the first transmission peak. The frequency W1 is the resonance frequency of the optical resonator at this time. If the absolute value of the difference between the frequency W1 and the frequency W0 is greater than half of the free spectral range, the comparison output circuit outputs a control signal 1 to the voltage source, so that the voltage value of the DC voltage signal output by the voltage source gradually decreases, thereby gradually reducing the temperature of the heating sheet and the radius of the optical resonator until the absolute value of the difference between the frequency W1 and the frequency W0 is less than half of the free spectral range. At this time, if the frequency W1 is greater than the frequency W0, the rotation speed direction is clockwise; if the frequency W1 is less than the frequency W0, the rotation speed direction is counterclockwise. The rotation speed magnitude is obtained from the absolute value of the difference between the frequency W1 and the frequency W0; finally, the comparison output circuit outputs a gyroscope output signal, and the gyroscope output signal includes the rotation speed magnitude and direction.

[0012] The beneficial effects and advantages of the present invention: The present invention uses a heating sheet to control the cavity length of the optical resonator, thereby tuning the dynamic range. At the same time, a broadband light source is used to output continuous and constant-intensity broadband light, and a spectrometer is used to obtain the transmission spectrum of the optical resonator. Then, by accurately positioning the resonance frequency of the optical resonator, the rotation speed magnitude and direction can be obtained simultaneously. Therefore, the present invention has the advantages of adjustable dynamic range, large measurement rotation rate range, no phase modulation device, and the ability to distinguish the rotation speed direction without phase modulation of light. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0013] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the present invention,

[0014] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the circuit structural schematic diagram of the signal processing and control system in Detailed Embodiments

[0015] The following further illustrates the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification:

[0016] Embodiment 1

[0017] As Figure 1-2As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides an optical gyroscope with adjustable dynamic range, which includes a light source 1, a polarization controller 2, a first coupler 3, a ring optical waveguide 4, a second coupler 5, a heating sheet 6, a voltage source 7, a spectrometer 8, and a signal processing and control system 9. The optical output end of the light source 1 is connected to the optical input end of the polarization controller 2. The optical output end of the polarization controller 2 is connected to the first optical input end of the first coupler 3. The ring optical waveguide 4 is respectively connected to the optical output end and the second optical input end of the first coupler 3, the optical input end and the first optical output end of the second coupler 5. The first coupler 3, the ring optical waveguide 4, and the second coupler 5 are all placed on the heating sheet 6. The signal input end of the heating sheet 6 is connected to the signal output end of the voltage source 7. The signal input end of the voltage source 7 is connected to the first signal output end of the signal processing and control system 9. The second optical output end of the second coupler 5 is connected to the optical input end of the spectrometer 8. The signal output end of the spectrometer 8 is connected to the signal input end of the signal processing and control system 9. The second signal output end of the signal processing and control system 9 outputs the gyro output signal;

[0018] The first coupler 3, the ring optical waveguide 4, and the second coupler 5 form an optical resonator;

[0019] The light source 1 outputs continuous and constant-intensity broadband light, and the line width of the light is at least 10 times the free spectral range of the optical resonator;

[0020] The first coupler 3, the ring optical waveguide 4, and the second coupler 5 are all placed on the heating sheet 6, but only the first coupler 3 is fixedly connected to the heating sheet 6. The ring optical waveguide 4 and the second coupler 5 are not fixed to the heating sheet 6. When the temperature of the heating sheet 6 increases, the radius of the optical resonator increases; when the temperature of the heating sheet 6 decreases, the radius of the optical resonator decreases. The relative change relationship between the temperature of the heating sheet 6 and the radius of the optical resonator is known;

[0021] The temperature of the heating sheet 6 is determined by the voltage at the signal input end of the heating sheet 6. The higher the voltage, the higher the temperature of the heating sheet 6; the lower the voltage, the lower the temperature of the heating sheet 6. The relationship between the voltage at the signal input end of the heating sheet 6 and the temperature of the heating sheet 6 is known;

[0022] The signal output end of the voltage source 7 outputs a DC voltage signal, which is applied to the signal input end of the heating sheet 6 to control the temperature of the heating sheet 6. When the temperature of the heating sheet 6 increases, the radius of the optical resonator increases; when the temperature of the heating sheet 6 decreases, the radius of the optical resonator decreases. The corresponding relationship between the temperature of the heating sheet 6 and the radius of the optical resonator is known;

[0023] The described signal processing and control system 9 is composed of a sampling circuit 9-1 and a comparison and output circuit 9-2; the signal input end of the sampling circuit 9-1 is the signal input end of the signal processing and control system 9, the first signal output end of the comparison and output circuit 9-2 is the first signal output end of the signal processing and control system 9, and the second signal output end of the comparison and output circuit 9-2 is the second signal output end of the signal processing and control system 9; the signal output end of the spectrometer 8 is connected to the signal input end of the sampling circuit 9-1, the signal output end of the sampling circuit 9-1 is connected to the signal input end of the comparison and output circuit 9-2, the first signal output end of the comparison and output circuit 9-2 is connected to the signal input end of the voltage source 7, and the second signal output end of the comparison and output circuit 9-2 outputs the gyro output signal.

[0024] Working principle: The described first coupler 3, ring optical waveguide 4, and second coupler 5 form an optical resonator; the light source 1 outputs continuous and constant-intensity broadband light into the polarization controller 2, and the polarization controller 2 selects and retains one polarization state of the light. The light output by the polarization controller 2 enters the optical resonator. Since the line width of the light output by the light source 1 is at least 10 times the free spectral range of the optical resonator, the spectrometer 8 can directly obtain the transmission spectrum of the optical resonator. The transmission spectrum signal output by the spectrometer 8 enters the signal processing and control system 9. The signal processing and control system 9 samples the transmission spectrum signal. At the same time, the signal processing and control system 9 outputs a control signal to the voltage source 7 to control the voltage value of the DC voltage signal output by the voltage source 7, and further controls the temperature of the heating element 6 and the radius of the optical resonator. Finally, the signal processing and control system 9 outputs the gyro output signal, and the gyro output signal includes the magnitude and direction of the rotation speed.

[0025] When light enters the optical resonator, there are some light wavelengths that satisfy the product of the integer multiple of the light wavelength being equal to the product of the cavity length and the refractive index of the optical resonator. These light wavelengths are called the "resonant wavelengths" of the optical resonator. The optical frequency corresponding to the resonant wavelength of the optical resonator is called the "resonant frequency" of the optical resonator. The frequency interval between any two adjacent resonant frequencies of the optical resonator is equal, and this frequency interval is called the "free spectral range" of the optical resonator. Light with an optical frequency equal to the resonant frequency of the optical resonator can resonate in the optical resonator, and the transmittance of the light is the largest during resonance. Therefore, the transmission spectrum of the optical resonator is a transmission peak with equal frequency intervals, and this frequency interval is the free spectral range of the optical resonator, and the maximum transmittance of the transmission peak is the transmittance at the resonant frequency of the optical resonator.

[0026] Before this optical gyroscope is used, it needs to be "zeroed" under static conditions. The process of "zeroing" is as follows: First, the signal processing and control system 9 outputs a control signal to the voltage source 7, so that the voltage value of the DC voltage signal output by the voltage source 7 is U0, thereby making the temperature of the heating sheet 6 relatively high and the radius of the optical resonator relatively large. Then, the signal processing and control system 9 samples the transmission spectrum signal 0 output by the spectrometer 8, obtains the free spectral range of the optical resonator at rest from the transmission spectrum signal 0, selects an arbitrary transmission peak 0 in the transmission spectrum signal 0, and obtains the frequency W0 corresponding to the maximum transmittance of this transmission peak 0. The frequency W0 is the resonance frequency of the optical resonator at rest.

[0027] When this optical gyroscope works, the working process is as follows: First, the signal processing and control system 9 outputs a control signal to the voltage source 7, so that the voltage value of the DC voltage signal output by the voltage source 7 is U0, thereby raising the temperature of the heating sheet 6 to a certain temperature and increasing the radius of the optical resonator to a certain size. Then, the signal processing and control system 9 samples the transmission spectrum signal 1 output by the spectrometer 8, obtains the transmission peak 1 closest to the frequency W0 in the transmission spectrum signal 1, and obtains the frequency W1 corresponding to the maximum transmittance of this transmission peak 1. The frequency W1 is the resonance frequency of the optical resonator at this time. If the absolute value of the difference between the frequency W1 and the frequency W0 is greater than half of the free spectral range, the signal processing and control system 9 outputs a control signal to the voltage source 7, so that the voltage value of the DC voltage signal output by the voltage source 7 gradually decreases, thereby gradually reducing the temperature of the heating sheet 6 and the radius of the optical resonator until the absolute value of the difference between the frequency W1 and the frequency W0 is less than half of the free spectral range. At this time, if the frequency W1 is greater than the frequency W0, the rotation speed direction is clockwise; if the frequency W1 is less than the frequency W0, the rotation speed direction is counterclockwise. Since the relationship between the temperature of the heating sheet 6 and the radius of the optical resonator is known, and the relationship between the voltage at the signal input end of the heating sheet 6 and the temperature of the heating sheet 6 is known, in this way, the rotation speed magnitude is obtained from the absolute value of the difference between the frequency W1 and the frequency W0. Finally, the signal processing and control system 9 outputs a gyroscope output signal, and the gyroscope output signal includes the rotation speed magnitude and direction.

[0028] The working principle of the signal processing and control system 9:

[0029] Before this optical gyroscope is used, it needs to be "zeroed" under static conditions. The process of "zeroing" for the signal processing and control system 9 is as follows: First, the comparison output circuit 9-2 outputs a control signal 0 and sends it to the voltage source 7, so that the voltage value of the DC voltage signal output by the voltage source 7 is U0, thereby increasing the temperature of the heating sheet 6 to a certain temperature and increasing the radius of the optical resonator to a certain size. Then, the sampling circuit 9-1 samples the transmission spectrum signal 0 output by the spectrometer 8 and sends the transmission spectrum signal 0 to the comparison output circuit 9-2. Then, the comparison output circuit 9-2 obtains the free spectral range of the optical resonator at rest from the transmission spectrum signal 0. Arbitrarily select a transmission peak 0 in the transmission spectrum signal 0, and obtain the frequency W0 corresponding to the maximum transmittance of this transmission peak 0. The frequency W0 is the resonance frequency of the optical resonator at rest.

[0030] When this optical gyroscope is working, the working process of the signal processing and control system 9 is as follows: First, the comparison output circuit 9-2 outputs a control signal 0 and sends it to the voltage source 7, so that the voltage value of the DC voltage signal output by the voltage source 7 is U0, thereby increasing the temperature of the heating sheet 6 to a certain temperature and increasing the radius of the optical resonator to a certain size. Then, the sampling circuit 9-1 samples the transmission spectrum signal 1 output by the spectrometer 8 and sends the transmission spectrum signal 1 to the comparison output circuit 9-2. The comparison output circuit 9-2 obtains the transmission peak 1 closest to the frequency W0 in the transmission spectrum signal 1, and obtains the frequency W1 corresponding to the maximum transmittance of this transmission peak 1. The frequency W1 is the resonance frequency of the optical resonator at this time. If the absolute value of the difference between the frequency W1 and the frequency W0 is greater than half of the free spectral range, the comparison output circuit 9-2 outputs a control signal 1 and sends it to the voltage source 7, so that the voltage value of the DC voltage signal output by the voltage source 7 gradually decreases, thereby gradually reducing the temperature of the heating sheet 6 and gradually reducing the radius of the optical resonator until the absolute value of the difference between the frequency W1 and the frequency W0 is less than half of the free spectral range. At this time, if the frequency W1 is greater than the frequency W0, the rotation speed direction is clockwise; if the frequency W1 is less than the frequency W0, the rotation speed direction is counterclockwise. Since the relationship between the temperature of the heating sheet 6 and the radius of the optical resonator is known, and the relationship between the voltage at the signal input end of the heating sheet 6 and the temperature of the heating sheet 6 is known, in this way, the rotation speed magnitude is obtained from the absolute value of the difference between the frequency W1 and the frequency W0. Finally, the comparison output circuit 9-2 outputs a gyroscope output signal, and the gyroscope output signal includes the rotation speed magnitude and direction.

Claims

1. An optical gyroscope with adjustable dynamic range, comprising a light source, a polarization controller, a first coupler, a ring optical waveguide, a second coupler, a heating sheet, a voltage source, a spectrometer, and a signal processing and control system, characterized in that: The optical output end of the described light source is connected to the optical input end of the polarization controller. The optical output end of the polarization controller is connected to the first optical input end of the first coupler. The ring optical waveguide is respectively connected to the optical output end of the first coupler and the second optical input end, the optical input end and the first optical output end of the second coupler. The first coupler, the ring optical waveguide and the second coupler are all placed on the heating sheet, and the first coupler is fixedly connected to the heating sheet. The signal input end of the heating sheet is connected to the signal output end of the voltage source. The signal input end of the voltage source is connected to the first signal output end of the signal processing and control system. The second optical output end of the second coupler is connected to the optical input end of the spectrometer. The signal output end of the spectrometer is connected to the signal input end of the signal processing and control system. The second signal output end of the signal processing and control system outputs the gyro output signal; the first coupler, the ring optical waveguide and the second coupler form an optical resonator; the light source outputs continuous and constant-intensity broadband light, and the linewidth of the light is at least 10 times the free spectral range of the optical resonator; when the temperature of the heating sheet increases, the radius of the optical resonator increases, and when the temperature of the heating sheet decreases, the radius of the optical resonator decreases, and the relationship between the temperature of the heating sheet and the radius of the optical resonator corresponds; the temperature of the heating sheet is controlled by the voltage at the signal input end of the heating sheet; When this optical gyroscope works, the signal processing and control system outputs a control signal to the voltage source, so that the voltage value of the DC voltage signal output by the voltage source is U0, thereby increasing the temperature of the heating sheet to a certain temperature and increasing the radius of the optical resonator to a certain size; the signal processing and control system samples the transmission spectrum signal 1 output by the spectrometer, obtains the first transmission peak closest to the frequency W0 in the transmission spectrum signal 1, and obtains the frequency W1 corresponding to the maximum transmittance of the first transmission peak. The frequency W1 is the resonance frequency of the optical resonator at this time. If the absolute value of the difference between the frequency W1 and the frequency W0 is greater than half of the free spectral range, the signal processing and control system outputs a control signal to the voltage source, so that the voltage value of the DC voltage signal output by the voltage source gradually decreases, thereby gradually reducing the temperature of the heating sheet and gradually reducing the radius of the optical resonator until the absolute value of the difference between the frequency W1 and the frequency W0 is less than half of the free spectral range. At this time, if the frequency W1 is greater than the frequency W0, the rotation speed direction is clockwise, and if the frequency W1 is less than the frequency W0, the rotation speed direction is counterclockwise. The magnitude of the rotation speed is obtained from the absolute value of the difference between the frequency W1 and the frequency W0, where the frequency W0 is the resonance frequency of the optical resonator when it is stationary; finally, the signal processing and control system outputs the gyro output signal, and the gyro output signal includes the magnitude and direction of the rotation speed.

2. The optical gyroscope with adjustable dynamic range according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for obtaining the frequency W0 is as follows: First, the control signal output by the signal processing and control system is sent to the voltage source, so that the voltage value of the DC voltage signal output by the voltage source is U0, thereby increasing the temperature of the heating sheet to a certain temperature and increasing the radius of the optical resonator to a certain size. Then, the signal processing and control system samples the transmission spectrum signal 0 output by the spectrometer, obtains the free spectral range of the optical resonator at rest from the transmission spectrum signal 0, selects any transmission peak in the transmission spectrum signal 0, and obtains the frequency W0 corresponding to the maximum transmittance of this transmission peak. This frequency W0 is the resonance frequency of the optical resonator at rest.

3. The optical gyroscope with adjustable dynamic range according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The signal processing and control system described above includes a sampling circuit and a comparison and output circuit; the signal input terminal of the sampling circuit is the signal input terminal of the signal processing and control system, the first signal output terminal of the comparison and output circuit is the first signal output terminal of the signal processing and control system, and the second signal output terminal of the comparison and output circuit is the second signal output terminal of the signal processing and control system; the signal output terminal of the spectrometer is connected to the signal input terminal of the sampling circuit, the signal output terminal of the sampling circuit is connected to the signal input terminal of the comparison and output circuit, the first signal output terminal of the comparison and output circuit is connected to the signal input terminal of the voltage source, and the second signal output terminal of the comparison and output circuit outputs the gyro output signal.

4. The optical gyroscope with adjustable dynamic range according to claim 3, wherein: When this optical gyroscope works, the comparison and output circuit outputs a control signal A to the voltage source, so that the voltage value of the DC voltage signal output by the voltage source is U0, thereby increasing the temperature of the heating sheet to a certain temperature and increasing the radius of the optical resonator to a certain size. Then, the sampling circuit samples the transmission spectrum signal 1 output by the spectrometer and sends the transmission spectrum signal 1 to the comparison and output circuit. The comparison and output circuit obtains the transmission peak 1 closest to the frequency W0 in the transmission spectrum signal 1, and obtains the frequency W1 corresponding to the maximum transmittance of this transmission peak 1. The frequency W1 is the resonance frequency of the optical resonator at this time. If the absolute value of the difference between the frequency W1 and the frequency W0 is greater than half of the free spectral range, the comparison and output circuit outputs a control signal B to the voltage source, so that the voltage value of the DC voltage signal output by the voltage source gradually decreases, thereby gradually reducing the temperature of the heating sheet and the radius of the optical resonator until the absolute value of the difference between the frequency W1 and the frequency W0 is less than half of the free spectral range. At this time, if the frequency W1 is greater than the frequency W0, the rotation speed direction is clockwise; if the frequency W1 is less than the frequency W0, the rotation speed direction is counterclockwise. The magnitude of the rotation speed is obtained from the absolute value of the difference between the frequency W1 and the frequency W0. Finally, the comparison and output circuit outputs the gyro output signal, and the gyro output signal includes the magnitude and direction of the rotation speed.

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