A kind of intelligent activation process method of coal gangue

Abstract

The present invention relates to a coal gangue intelligent activation process method, which belongs to the field of coal mining technology and solves the problem of the lack of industrialized, continuous, large-scale and clean production of coal gangue intelligent activation in the prior art. The coal gangue intelligent activation process method comprises the following steps: crushing and dust removal of coal gangue raw materials to obtain coal gangue materials to be processed that meet the requirements of the preset particle size range; activating the coal gangue materials according to the set activation conditions to obtain activated coal gangue materials; the activation conditions include a predetermined temperature and a predetermined insulation time after reaching the predetermined temperature; and cold quenching the activated coal gangue materials. The process method has the advantages of low production cost, high efficiency, no pollution, low energy consumption, and excellent working environment; the activation effect of the process method is good, and it can be used for industrial production, which well solves the problem that the intelligent activation of coal gangue cannot achieve industrialized, continuous, large-scale and clean production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of coal mining, and in particular to a process method for intelligent activation of coal gangue. Background Art

[0002] Coal gangue is a solid waste generated in the coal mining process, with an annual output of about 500 to 600 million tons. During the stacking and storage process, it occupies a large amount of land and is prone to spontaneous combustion, causing serious harm to the environment.

[0003] At present, the technical methods for activation of coal gangue are:

[0004] The first is chemical activation: by adding sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, fluoric acid, silicic acid, etc. Chemical activation refers to the introduction of a small amount of activator to destroy the Si-O bond and Al-O bond on the surface of the gangue, and participate in or accelerate the secondary reaction of the gangue and cement hydration products. When the activator dosage exceeds the optimal dosage, the concentration is too high. Due to the fast activation rate, a layer of hydration product protective film is formed on the surface of the gangue material particles, which will prevent the reaction from proceeding further;

[0005] The second is mechanical crushing activation, which refers to the activation method of grinding coal gangue to improve its activity. Mechanical grinding can quickly refine the particles, increase the specific surface area of ​​the particles, and increase the interface of hydration reaction; however, the cost of this type of machinery is relatively high, and dust is easily generated in the process, causing environmental pollution;

[0006] The third method is calcination, which heats the gangue to 600-900°C. The purpose of the calcination method is to use high temperature to cause violent thermal motion of the particles in the microstructure of the gangue, so that the silicon-oxygen tetrahedron cannot aggregate into long chains, and there are many breakage points, forming a thermodynamically unstable structure.

[0007] Therefore, the existing technology lacks an industrialized, continuous, large-scale, clean production process for intelligent activation of coal gangue. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of the above analysis, the embodiments of the present invention aim to provide a process method for intelligent activation of coal gangue, so as to solve the problem of lack of industrialized, continuous, large-scale and clean production of intelligent activation of coal gangue in the prior art.

[0009] The invention discloses a coal gangue intelligent activation process method, comprising the following steps:

[0010] The gangue raw materials are crushed and dusted to obtain the gangue materials to be processed that meet the preset particle size range requirements;

[0011] Activating the gangue material to be treated according to the set activation conditions to obtain activated gangue material; the activation conditions include a predetermined temperature and a predetermined insulation time after reaching the predetermined temperature;

[0012] The activated coal gangue material is subjected to cold quenching treatment.

[0013] On the basis of the above scheme, the present invention also makes the following improvements:

[0014] Further, the activation treatment of the coal gangue material to be treated according to the set activation conditions includes:

[0015] Placing the coal gangue material in an activation box;

[0016] The gangue material is heated to the predetermined temperature by microwave heating, and after reaching the predetermined temperature, the inside of the activation box is kept warm; while heating and keeping warm, a wind field is applied to the inside of the activation box to enhance the energy flux density of the microwave;

[0017] After the predetermined insulation time is reached, the activated coal gangue material is obtained.

[0018] Further, before placing the gangue material in the activation box, the following operations are performed:

[0019] Real-time detection of whether there is coal gangue material in the activation box, if not, closing the lower gangue gate of the activation box and opening the upper gangue gate of the activation box;

[0020] Then, the coal gangue material is placed in the activation box through the opened upper gangue gate.

[0021] Furthermore, in the process of placing the coal gangue material in the activation box, it is detected in real time whether the activation box is full of coal gangue material, and if it is full, the upper gangue gate is closed;

[0022] Then, the heating and heat preservation are performed by a microwave generator; and a wind field is applied by an air compressor.

[0023] Furthermore, after the predetermined insulation time is reached, the microwave generator and the air compressor are turned off to obtain the activated coal gangue material.

[0024] Furthermore, after the predetermined insulation time is reached, the lower gangue gate is opened, and the activated coal gangue material is subjected to cold quenching treatment by using cold quenching treatment equipment.

[0025] Furthermore, after the cold quenching treatment, the cold quenched and activated coal gangue material is transported by a lower conveying belt.

[0026] Furthermore, the predetermined temperature is 800° C., and the preset insulation time is 45 minutes.

[0027] Furthermore, the preset particle size range is 5mm - 25mm.

[0028] Furthermore, during the activation treatment process, the components of the gas in the activation box are detected, and whether the desulfurization and denitrification are started is determined based on the gas component detection results.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0030] The intelligent activation process method for coal gangue provided by the present invention can realize intelligent control of the entire production process from gangue feeding, heating activation, gangue discharging, water spraying and quenching, and dust removal.

[0031] This process method has the advantages of low production cost, high efficiency, no pollution, low energy consumption, and excellent working environment. At the same time, the activation effect of this process method is good and can be used for industrial production, which well solves the problem that intelligent activation of coal gangue cannot achieve industrial, continuous, large-scale, and clean production.

[0032] In the present invention, the above-mentioned technical solutions can also be combined with each other to achieve more preferred combination solutions. Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the subsequent description, and some advantages can become obvious from the description, or can be understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained through the contents particularly pointed out in the description and the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] The accompanying drawings are only used for the purpose of illustrating specific embodiments and are not to be considered as limiting the present invention. In the entire drawings, the same reference symbols represent the same components;

[0034] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the intelligent activation process of coal gangue in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the gangue modification and activation device in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Reference numerals:

[0037] 1-lower material conveying belt; 2-activated gangue hopper; 3-water spray quenching device; 4-lower gangue gate; 5-first hydraulic cylinder; 6-gate control assembly; 7-pressure safety valve; 8-second hydraulic cylinder; 9-upper gangue gate; 10-microwave generator; 11-activation box; 12-diffuser; 13-upper gangue belt; 14-outer layer; 15-middle layer; 16-inner layer; 17-front support; 18-ground angle bolt; 19-front spiral waveguide tube; 20-spaced hollow guard plate; 21-activation box base; 22-rear spiral waveguide tube; 23-rear support; 24-controller; 25-air compressor; 26-support. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the accompanying drawings constitute a part of this application and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0039] A specific embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for intelligent activation of coal gangue, the flow chart of which is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the process comprises the following steps:

[0040] Step S1: crushing and dust removal of the gangue raw material to obtain the gangue material to be processed that meets the preset particle size range requirements;

[0041] In practical applications, the particle size of coal gangue raw materials is relatively large. If it is directly activated, it is easy to lead to low activation efficiency and poor activation effect. Therefore, it is necessary to crush and remove dust from the coal gangue raw materials. Preferably, the preset particle size range is 5mm - 25mm. At this time,

[0042] It can ensure that the gangue materials are fully activated in the later stage. At the same time, the crushing and dust removal treatment corresponding to the particle size range is not difficult and can be achieved by adopting the existing crushing and dust removal method without adding special crushing and dust removal related hardware devices.

[0043] Step S2: activating the gangue material to be treated according to the set activation conditions to obtain activated gangue material; the activation conditions include a predetermined temperature and a predetermined insulation time after reaching the predetermined temperature; specifically,

[0044] Step S21: placing the coal gangue material in an activation box;

[0045] Before placing the gangue material in the activation box, the following operations are also performed:

[0046] Real-time detection is performed to determine whether there is gangue material in the activation box. If not, the lower gangue gate of the activation box is closed and the upper gangue gate of the activation box is opened. In this embodiment, a material level switch is arranged inside the box, and the material position in the activation box is checked by the material level switch. When the material position is at the lowest position, it indicates that there is no gangue material in the activation box; when the material position is at the highest position, it indicates that the activation box is full of gangue material.

[0047] Then the gangue material is placed in the activation box through the opened upper gangue gate. For example, an upper gangue belt can be arranged above the upper gangue gate of the activation box, and after the upper gangue gate is opened, the upper gangue belt is started to transport the gangue material to be processed into the activation box.

[0048] When placing the gangue material in the activation box, it is detected in real time whether the activation box is full of gangue material. If it is full, the upper gangue gate is closed and the upper gangue belt is controlled to stop running.

[0049] Step S22: heating the gangue material to the predetermined temperature by microwave heating, and after reaching the predetermined temperature, keeping the inside of the activation box warm; while heating and keeping warm, applying a wind field to the inside of the activation box to enhance the energy flux density of the microwave;

[0050] In this step, in order to achieve efficient and clean heating, the present embodiment uses a microwave generator for heating and heat preservation. Specifically, waveguides are arranged on both sides of the activation box, and the waveguides are connected to the microwave generators. When the microwave generator is started, the microwave generator transmits the microwave signal to the inside of the activation box through the waveguides, and forms the rotating microwave field inside the activation box, thereby achieving microwave heating. When heat preservation is required, the heat preservation function is achieved by controlling the microwave generator to adopt an intermittent working mode or a lower microwave transmission power.

[0051] At the same time, the wind field is also applied through the air compressor. Specifically, a diffuser is provided in the vertical direction inside the activation box; the diffuser is connected to the air compressor; when the air compressor is started, the air compressor transmits wind to the inside of the activation box through the diffuser, and forms the rotating wind field inside the activation box.

[0052] Through the cooperation of the rotating microwave field and the rotating wind field, efficient activation of the coal gangue material to be processed can be achieved.

[0053] It should be noted that this embodiment adopts an energy-saving, clean and environmentally friendly microwave heating method. By setting various interactive conditions in the laboratory and conducting analysis and testing, it is finally concluded that the optimal activation temperature (i.e., the predetermined temperature) of coal gangue is 800°C and the insulation time (i.e., the preset insulation time) is 45 minutes, which is used as the basis for the heating settings of coal gangue.

[0054] Step S23: After the predetermined insulation time is maintained, the activated coal gangue material is obtained.

[0055] After the predetermined insulation time is reached, the microwave generator and the air compressor are turned off to obtain the activated coal gangue material.

[0056] In addition, considering that the composition of coal gangue materials in different regions is different, and the sulfur and nitrate content does not meet the regulations, the following steps can be added during the activation treatment process:

[0057] The components of the gas in the activation box are detected, and whether the desulfurization and denitrification are started is determined based on the gas component detection results.

[0058] Step S3: performing cold quenching treatment on the activated coal gangue material.

[0059] Specifically, after the predetermined insulation time is reached, the lower gangue gate is opened and the activated coal gangue material is poured out. At this time, the activated coal gangue material is subjected to cold quenching treatment by using cold quenching treatment equipment.

[0060] When the gangue material in the activation box is completely poured out, step S2 is performed again to enter the next working cycle.

[0061] In addition, after the cold quenching treatment, the cold quenched and activated coal gangue material can also be transported by the lower conveyor belt. When there is no material to be transported on the lower conveyor belt, the lower conveyor belt is paused or stopped, and restarted when the material needs to be transported again.

[0062] The above-mentioned intelligent activation process method for coal gangue is applicable to the coal gangue modification and activation device in this embodiment. The structural schematic diagram of the coal gangue modification and activation device is shown in FIG. Figure 2As shown, it mainly includes an activation box 11 that is tilted. For example, the tilt angle formed between the activation box 11 and the horizontal ground is 35°-85°, so that automatic loading of coal gangue and automatic discharging under gravity can be achieved. The activation box 11 is fixed to the ground through a front support 17 and a rear support 23. The upper ends of the front support 17 and the rear support 23 are fixedly connected to the activation box 11 through an activation box base 21, and the lower ends are fixedly connected to the ground through a ground angle bolt 18. In this embodiment, the inner layer 16 of the activation box 11 is composed of a 304 stainless steel plate, the middle layer 15 is composed of alumina fiber, and the outer layer 14 is composed of a metal material. Other suitable materials can also be used. The activation box 11 can be processed into a cuboid, a cube, a cylinder, a polyhedron, a truncated cone, etc., which are not specifically limited here.

[0063] The activation box 11 is provided with a pressure safety valve 7, an air compressor 25 (illustratively, such as a micro air compressor) and a microwave generator 10. A microwave uniformly distributed diffusion tube 12 (which may be referred to as a microwave uniformly distributed diffusion tube) is provided in the vertical direction of the activation box 11. The diffusion tube 12 is installed inside the activation box 11 through a support 26, and the microwave uniformly distributed diffusion tube 12 is connected to the air compressor 25 installed in the middle. The microwave uniformly distributed diffusion tube 12 is provided with a microwave leakage prevention net at both the air inlet and air outlet ends to ensure the safety of the device. The diameter direction of the microwave uniformly distributed diffusion tube 12 is arranged to have tangential air distribution holes, and the hole distribution rate accounts for 50%-80%. The activation box 11 is connected to the diffusion tube 12 by an air compressor as a wind source. When the air compressor 25 is started, the air compressor 25 transmits wind to the inside of the activation box through the diffusion tube. Under the action of wind, a rotating wind field is automatically formed inside the activation box 11 to enhance the energy flow density of the microwave, further accelerate the uniformity and intensity of the microwave effect on the coal gangue, improve the penetration ability of the microwave on the coal gangue, and increase the vibration, friction and heat of the internal and external molecules of the coal gangue to meet the purpose of rapid heating, thereby expanding the processing capacity, removing water vapor and other gases formed in the material heating process in real time, reducing the pressure on the activation box caused by the gas generated in the heating process, and ensuring the industrial production of coal gangue activation.

[0064] Considering that materials are easily deposited at the bottom of the activation box 11, and during the heating process, some substances in the materials are easily liquefied, and the liquefied substances will gather at the top of the activation box. Therefore, in actual operation, waveguides are relatively arranged on both sides of the activation box 11. The waveguides are preferably spiral. Therefore, the waveguide arranged on the front side of the activation box is called the front spiral waveguide 19, and the waveguide arranged on the rear side of the activation box is called the rear spiral waveguide 22. The front and rear spiral waveguides are both connected to the microwave generator 10. When the microwave generator 10 is started, the microwave generator 10 transmits the microwave signal to the inside of the activation box 11 through the waveguides 19 and 22, and forms a rotating microwave field inside the activation box 11 to ensure the vertical effect of the microwave on the material; and minimize the microwave power consumed by the processed material to enhance the microwave heating capacity of the coal gangue and improve work efficiency. The material of the spiral waveguide, the shape, direction, size, position, etc. of the opening can be selected according to actual production needs and are not specifically limited here.

[0065] Spacing hollow protective plates 20 are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the microwave uniform diffusion tube 12 and between the microwave uniform diffusion tube 12 and the waveguide, with a porosity of about 85%. The microwave uniform diffusion tube 12 and the spacing hollow protective plates 20 are parallel to the bottom surface of the activation box; the spacing hollow protective plates 20 can ensure a reasonable acting distance (3cm-5cm) between the material and the waveguide, and create a good conduction environment between the microwave and the material in the microwave field.

[0066] The activation box 11 also includes a gate control component 6 and a controller 24, which are used to control the opening and closing of the upper gangue gate 9 and the lower gangue gate 4 of the activation box 11; illustratively, the gate control component 6 may include a first hydraulic cylinder 5 and a second hydraulic cylinder 8, and the upper gangue gate 9 and the lower gangue gate 4 form a hinge connection mechanism with the activation box 11 through the second hydraulic cylinder 8 and the first hydraulic cylinder 5 respectively, so as to realize automatic locking when the gangue is on; the microwave generator 10, the micro air compressor 25 and the gate control component 6 are all connected to the controller 24 to realize intelligent control through the controller 24.

[0067] A temperature sensor is also provided in the activation box 11 for measuring the temperature in the activation box 11 . The temperature sensor is also connected to the controller 24 so as to realize intelligent control through the controller 24 .

[0068] Preferably, the activation box 11 is further provided with a pressure safety valve 7, which is used to automatically open and release the pressure when the internal pressure of the activation box 11 reaches a limited value, so as to ensure the stability of the interior of the activation box.

[0069] As a preference, the activation box 11 is also provided with a gas component sensor ( Figure 1), which is used to detect the gas components in the activation box 11; and based on the analysis of the gas components, intelligently determine whether desulfurization and denitrification are started.

[0070] Preferably, the above-mentioned device can also include an upper gangue belt 13, a quenching treatment device (including an activated gangue funnel 2 and a water spray quenching device 3), and a lower conveying belt 1. The upper gangue belt 13 is used to transport the material to the activation box 11, the activated gangue funnel 2 is used to receive the material from the activation box 11 and unload the material to the lower conveying belt 1, and the water spray quenching device 3 is used to perform water spray quenching treatment on the material received by the activated gangue funnel 2.

[0071] In summary, the intelligent activation process method for coal gangue provided in this embodiment can realize intelligent control of the entire production process from gangue feeding, heating activation, gangue discharging, water spraying quenching, and dust removal.

[0072] This process method has the advantages of low production cost, high efficiency, no pollution, low energy consumption, and excellent working environment. At the same time, the activation effect of this process method is good and can be used for industrial production, which well solves the problem that intelligent activation of coal gangue cannot achieve industrial, continuous, large-scale, and clean production.

[0073] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the process of the process method of the above embodiment can be implemented by instructing related hardware through a computer program, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium is a disk, an optical disk, a read-only storage memory, or a random access memory, etc.

[0074] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coal gangue intelligent activation process, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The gangue raw material is crushed and dusted to obtain the gangue material to be processed that meets the preset particle size range requirements; the preset particle size range is 5mm - 25mm particle size; The gangue material to be treated is activated according to the set activation conditions to obtain the activated gangue material; the activation conditions include a predetermined temperature and a predetermined insulation time after reaching the predetermined temperature; wherein the activation treatment of the gangue material to be treated according to the set activation conditions includes: Placing the coal gangue material in an activation box; The gangue material is heated to the predetermined temperature by microwave heating, and after reaching the predetermined temperature, the inside of the activation box is kept warm; while heating and keeping warm, a wind field is applied to the inside of the activation box to enhance the energy flux density of the microwave; After the predetermined heat preservation time is reached, the activated coal gangue material is obtained; the activated coal gangue material is subjected to cold quenching treatment; Wherein, heating and heat preservation are performed by a microwave generator; waveguides are arranged on both sides of the activation box body, and the waveguides are connected to the microwave generators; when the microwave generator is started, the microwave generator transmits the microwave signal to the inside of the activation box body through the waveguides, and forms a rotating microwave field inside the activation box body, thereby realizing microwave heating; when heat preservation is required, the heat preservation function is realized by controlling the microwave generator to adopt an intermittent working mode or a lower microwave transmission power; at the same time, a wind field is also applied by an air compressor; a diffusion tube is arranged in the vertical direction of the activation box body; the diffusion tube is connected to the air compressor; when the air compressor is started, the air compressor transmits wind to the inside of the activation box body through the diffusion tube, and forms a rotating wind field inside the activation box.

2. The intelligent activation process of coal gangue according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Before placing the gangue material in the activation box, the following operations are performed: Real-time detection of whether there is coal gangue material in the activation box, if not, closing the lower gangue gate of the activation box and opening the upper gangue gate of the activation box; Then, the coal gangue material is placed in the activation box through the opened upper gangue gate.

3. The intelligent activation process of coal gangue according to claim 2 is characterized in that: During the process of placing the coal gangue material in the activation box, real-time detection is performed to determine whether the activation box is full of coal gangue material. If the activation box is full, the upper gangue gate is closed. Then, the heating and heat preservation are performed by a microwave generator; and a wind field is applied by an air compressor.

4. The intelligent activation process of coal gangue according to claim 3 is characterized in that: After the predetermined insulation time is reached, the microwave generator and the air compressor are turned off to obtain the activated coal gangue material.

5. The intelligent activation process of coal gangue according to claim 1 is characterized in that: After the predetermined insulation time is reached, the lower gangue gate is opened, and the activated coal gangue material is subjected to cold quenching treatment by using cold quenching treatment equipment.

6. The intelligent activation process of coal gangue according to claim 5 is characterized in that: After the cold quenching treatment, the cold quenched and activated coal gangue material is transported by a lower conveying belt.

7. The intelligent activation process for coal gangue according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The predetermined temperature is 800° C., and the predetermined insulation time is 45 minutes.

8. The intelligent activation process of coal gangue according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the activation treatment process, the components of the gas in the activation box are also detected, and whether the desulfurization and denitrification are started is determined based on the gas component detection results.

Images