Railway maintenance engineering bim model rapid modeling method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of railway engineering operation and maintenance BIM model rapid modeling method, the method includes: according to the classification standard of extension IFD, with hierarchical state evaluation as the basis, railway engineering facilities structure is gradually split, component structure tree is established, the minimum component unit after splitting is parameterized modeling, the creation of group is completed, the group includes contour group and placement group;Import line center line related file, set endpoint mileage and elevation, complete the setting of center line;For the component of contour group to be arranged, the method of scanning or fusion combined with center line is used, and mileage information is set;For the component of placement group to be arranged, the method of arranging along center line is used, and position parameter is set;The attribute of corresponding component is set and each component is uniquely coded, to complete railway engineering operation and maintenance BIM model.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of infrastructure engineering modeling technology, and in particular to a rapid modeling method for BIM models of railway engineering operation and maintenance. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of BIM (Building Information Modeling) technology, it has been increasingly accepted and recognized by various organizations, and relevant national departments have successively issued BIM policies and standards. In the field of railway engineering, the Railway BIM Alliance has organized research on industry BIM standards, interface research, platform technology, and professional applications, initially forming a Chinese railway BIM technology system, which has been applied in practice within the industry.

[0003] Introducing BIM technology into the operation and maintenance phase of railway engineering to achieve full life-cycle management of railway engineering projects requires linking information needed in the design, construction, and operation and maintenance phases, and ensuring timely updates of operation and maintenance information to improve project efficiency and effectiveness. This is the current demand for BIM application in railway engineering operation and maintenance. Therefore, it is particularly important to build a management platform based on BIM models.

[0004] Because the railway engineering system is vast, it involves not only main or auxiliary structures such as railway bridge engineering, roadbed engineering, track engineering, and tunnel engineering, but also has low degree of correlation between components, complex structure, varied route types, long mileage, and some projects have undergone maintenance and reinforcement, resulting in significant changes in geometric shape from the original design. Therefore, it is difficult to establish BIM operation and maintenance models for railway engineering in batches.

[0005] At present, domestic and foreign institutions have conducted some research on the application of BIM technology in railway engineering, but they mainly focus on single projects or single disciplines, without considering the integration of various railway engineering disciplines, and without considering the creation of BIM models separately for operation and maintenance needs. With the rapid growth of railway operating mileage, there is an urgent need to build a rapid modeling method for railway engineering operation and maintenance BIM models. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and propose a rapid modeling method for railway engineering maintenance BIM models. This paper, combined with railway engineering ledgers, focuses on using Revit as a platform to establish an adjustable and somewhat universal family library applicable to railway engineering, thus constructing an effective method for rapid modeling of railway engineering BIM models during the maintenance period.

[0007] A rapid modeling method for BIM models of railway engineering operation and maintenance, the method comprising:

[0008] Based on the extended IFD classification standard and the hierarchical status assessment, the railway engineering facility structure is decomposed level by level, a component structure tree is established, and the smallest component unit after decomposition is parametrically modeled to complete the creation of families, which include contour families and placement families.

[0009] Import the relevant files for the centerline of the line, set the endpoint mileage and elevation, and complete the centerline setup;

[0010] For components of the outline family to be arranged, a method of sweeping or merging in combination with the center line is adopted, and mileage information is set;

[0011] For components to be placed in a family, the method of arranging them along the center line is adopted, and the position parameters are set;

[0012] By setting the attributes of the corresponding components and assigning a unique code to each component, the BIM model for railway engineering operation and maintenance is completed.

[0013] As an improvement to the above method, the component structure tree specifically includes:

[0014] The first level is the line;

[0015] The second level is professional, including bridge engineering, tunnel engineering, roadbed engineering, and railway engineering;

[0016] The third level is a location or region, among which...

[0017] Bridge engineering includes superstructure, substructure, bearings and ancillary facilities; tunnel engineering includes tunnel body structure, portal structure, drainage system and ancillary structures; roadbed engineering includes railway roadbed, drainage system and ancillary structures; track engineering includes: rails, fasteners, sleepers, turnouts, ballast track, ballastless track, rail expansion joints, reinforcement equipment and ancillary equipment.

[0018] The fourth level consists of components, among which,

[0019] For bridge engineering, the superstructure includes beams and diaphragms, the substructure includes piers and foundations, bearings include ordinary bearings and seismic bearings, and ancillary facilities include anti-falling beam facilities, inspection facilities, anti-collision facilities, drainage facilities, and others.

[0020] For tunnel engineering, the tunnel structure includes initial support, lining structure of the dark tunnel and structure of the open tunnel; the portal structure includes the portal ring frame, wing wall, end wall, column pier and nameplate; the waterproofing and drainage system includes waterproof layer, blind pipe and waterstop; and the auxiliary structure includes trench and auxiliary chamber.

[0021] For the subgrade specialty, railway subgrade includes general subgrade and transition section subgrade, drainage system includes drainage ditches, and ancillary structures include protective fences, retaining walls and maintenance facilities.

[0022] For track maintenance, sleepers include ordinary sleepers and turnout sleepers; turnouts include single turnouts, symmetrical turnouts, combined turnouts, and others; ballast track includes single-layer and double-layer ballast track; ballastless track includes track slabs, track bed slabs, isolation layers, adjustment layers, bases, and connectors; rail expansion joints include unidirectional and bidirectional expansion joints; reinforcement equipment includes gauge rods and rail braces; and auxiliary equipment includes shock-absorbing pads, guard rails, and sound-absorbing panels.

[0023] As an improvement to the above method, the parametric modeling specifically includes: contour parameters, length parameters, and position parameters; wherein,

[0024] The contour parameter is used to control the external dimensions of the smallest component unit; the length parameter is used to control the length or height of the smallest component unit; and the position parameter is used to determine the placement of the smallest component unit in the circuit.

[0025] As an improvement to the above method, the step of importing relevant centerline files, setting endpoint mileage and elevation, and completing the centerline setup specifically includes:

[0026] Import the revised CAD file and input the mileage information of the endpoints; the CAD file includes a horizontal centerline and a longitudinal curve; or

[0027] Select the model line created in Revit, and enter the mileage information for the endpoints; the model line includes a horizontal centerline and a longitudinal curve; or

[0028] Import elevation point information from Excel;

[0029] If the conditions for generating a curve are met, the corresponding family file is generated; otherwise, an input error is displayed.

[0030] As an improvement to the above method, for the components of the contour family to be arranged, a method of sweeping or merging combined with the centerline is adopted, and mileage information is set; specifically including:

[0031] For components with a profile family to be arranged, if it is a single cross-section, the method of sweeping in combination with the centerline is adopted, the corresponding profile family is selected to generate a family file, and the mileage information is set.

[0032] If it is a variable cross section, a method of fusion based on the centerline is adopted. The variable cross section is set according to the mileage and contour family, and segmented generation is combined with the ledger information. The functions of adding, deleting and modifying are provided until a family file group is generated. The family file group includes multiple family files generated in a segmented manner according to the ledger information. Each family file corresponds to two adjacent cross sections.

[0033] As an improvement to the above method, for the components to be arranged in the family, a method of arranging along the centerline is adopted, and position parameters are set; specifically, this includes:

[0034] The layout of rails or ballast track in the roadbed and track is directly generated by sweeping or merging the contour family and centerline;

[0035] The arrangement of tunnels and their ancillary components, as well as sleepers, fasteners and their ancillary components of the track, includes setting them along the track mileage and setting them at designated locations;

[0036] The layout of bridges and their ancillary components includes setting them according to pier number, setting them along the route mileage, and setting them according to designated locations.

[0037] As an improvement to the above method, the step of setting the attributes of the corresponding components and uniquely encoding each component specifically includes:

[0038] The properties of the corresponding components can be set by either setting parameters or importing tables.

[0039] The components are coded according to the route, stage, version, interval, work site, specialty, detail, type and number in the attributes, generating a unique component code that includes the above 9 fields, and associating it with the corresponding public works engineering operation and maintenance infrastructure ledger.

[0040] As an improvement to the above method, the method further includes statistical analysis of components of a specified type based on family name, family type, or range.

[0041] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0042] 1. The method of this invention is based on the operation and maintenance phase. Targeting the granular requirements of inspection, maintenance, and repair of existing lines (including reinforcement measures) and newly built lines, it performs IFD classification coding and expansion on railway engineering infrastructure to obtain the smallest component units that meet the on-site operation and maintenance needs of engineering projects, generating an engineering facility model architecture. Based on the characteristics of each type of component unit, a parametric model and parametric family component library and reinforcement measure library are established using Revit; this prepares for the one-click rapid assembly of the entire line for bridges, tunnels, roadbeds, and tracks, and assigns each component a unique component code and component name and other attribute information that meet operation and maintenance requirements.

[0043] 2. This invention focuses on the actual needs of operation and maintenance, and divides the modeling component family library into finer categories to meet the needs of on-site manual inspection business applications;

[0044] 3. This invention generates a corresponding family library for existing structural reinforcement measures, enabling rapid implementation of reinforcement measures that correspond to the real environment;

[0045] 4. The model's built-in attribute information determined by this invention can achieve accurate positioning of the corresponding information in the ledger, thereby realizing the association with the ledger data. Attached Figure Description

[0046] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the rapid modeling method for railway engineering operation and maintenance BIM model according to the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 This is the component library interface;

[0048] Figure 3 It is the centerline interface of the line;

[0049] Figure 4 This is the interface for generating roadbed professional models;

[0050] Figure 5 This is the interface for generating bridge-specific models;

[0051] Figure 6 It is an inherent attribute of bridge professional models;

[0052] Figure 7 It is an inherent attribute of the tunnel professional model;

[0053] Figure 8 It is an inherent attribute of the roadbed professional model;

[0054] Figure 9 It is an inherent attribute of the track-specific model;

[0055] Figure 10 This is the attribute addition interface;

[0056] Figure 11 These are component coding rules;

[0057] Figure 12 This is the data extraction interface. Detailed Implementation

[0058] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0059] Example 1

[0060] like Figure 1 As shown, Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a rapid modeling method for BIM models of railway engineering maintenance. The method includes:

[0061] Based on the extended IFD classification standard and the hierarchical status assessment, the railway line facility structure in the operation and maintenance phase of the engineering project is decomposed step by step, a component structure tree is established, the smallest component unit after decomposition is parametrically modeled, and the family is created. The family includes outline family and placement family.

[0062] Import the relevant files for the centerline of the line, set the endpoint mileage and elevation, and complete the centerline setup;

[0063] For components of the outline family to be arranged, a method of sweeping or merging in combination with the center line is adopted, and mileage information is set;

[0064] For components to be placed in a family, the method of arranging them along the center line is adopted, and the position parameters are set;

[0065] By setting the attributes of the corresponding components and assigning a unique code to each component, the BIM model for railway engineering operation and maintenance is completed.

[0066] 1. Creation of a parametric component library

[0067] Based on the IFD classification standard and by breaking down railway engineering facilities, a component structure tree is established, including multiple levels.

[0068] Multi-disciplinary parametric family libraries, component library interface such as Figure 2 As shown.

[0069] The first level is the line;

[0070] The second level is professional, including bridge engineering, tunnel engineering, roadbed engineering, and railway engineering;

[0071] The third level is based on parts / areas, such as bridges, which can be divided into superstructure, substructure, supports, and ancillary facilities.

[0072] Bridge engineering includes superstructure, substructure, bearings and ancillary facilities; tunnel engineering includes tunnel body structure, portal structure, drainage system and ancillary structures; roadbed engineering includes railway roadbed, drainage system and ancillary structures; track engineering includes: rails, fasteners, sleepers, turnouts, ballast track, ballastless track, rail expansion joints, reinforcement equipment and ancillary equipment.

[0073] The fourth level consists of structural components, such as beams in the superstructure and piers and caps in the substructure. Among these,

[0074] For bridge engineering, the superstructure includes beams and diaphragms, the substructure includes piers and foundations, bearings include ordinary bearings and seismic bearings, and ancillary facilities include anti-falling beam facilities, inspection facilities, anti-collision facilities, drainage facilities, and others.

[0075] For tunnel engineering, the tunnel structure includes initial support, lining structure of the dark tunnel and structure of the open tunnel; the portal structure includes the portal ring frame, wing wall, end wall, column pier and nameplate; the waterproofing and drainage system includes waterproof layer, blind pipe and waterstop; and the auxiliary structure includes trench and auxiliary chamber.

[0076] For the subgrade specialty, railway subgrade includes general subgrade and transition section subgrade, drainage system includes drainage ditches, and ancillary structures include protective fences, retaining walls and maintenance facilities.

[0077] For track maintenance, sleepers include ordinary sleepers and turnout sleepers; turnouts include single turnouts, symmetrical turnouts, combined turnouts, and others; ballast track includes single-layer and double-layer ballast track; ballastless track includes track slabs, track bed slabs, isolation layers, adjustment layers, bases, and connectors; rail expansion joints include unidirectional and bidirectional expansion joints; reinforcement equipment includes gauge rods and rail braces; and auxiliary equipment includes shock-absorbing pads, guard rails, and sound-absorbing panels.

[0078] For example, the accuracy of bridge breakdown and modeling for a certain bridge project is shown in Table 1.

[0079] Table 1 Classification of IFD Components of a Bridge

[0080]

[0081]

[0082] After the hierarchical division is completed, parametric modeling of the smallest unit begins. Parameters are divided into contour parameters, length parameters, and position parameters. Contour parameters control the external dimensions of the smallest unit component, while length parameters control its length or height. Position parameters determine its placement within the circuit. Following this principle, the required families are created and prepared for future use.

[0083] 2. Centerline of the line

[0084] The centerline of the line is a three-dimensional curve fitted by horizontal and vertical curves, such as... Figure 3 As shown, there are three methods to generate horizontal and vertical curves: the first is to directly import the modified CAD file; the second is to directly create model lines in Revit and input the mileage information of the endpoints; the third is to import elevation point information from Excel. After configuring the above information, click OK. The system will determine whether a 3D curve, i.e., a 3D line centerline, can be generated. If so, the corresponding mass family file will be generated and loaded into the project; otherwise, a message will be displayed.

[0085] 3. Outline family layout

[0086] For components with a profile family to be arranged, if it is a single cross-section, the method of sweeping in combination with the centerline is adopted, the corresponding profile family is selected to generate a family file, and the mileage information is set.

[0087] If it is a variable cross section, a method of fusion based on the centerline is adopted. The variable cross section is set according to the mileage and contour family, and it is generated in segments according to the ledger information. The functions of adding, deleting and modifying are provided until a family file group is generated. The family file group includes multiple family files generated in a segmented manner according to the ledger information. Each family file corresponds to two adjacent cross sections.

[0088] Taking the roadbed as an example:

[0089] The structure of roadbeds is relatively complex, and unlike bridges and tunnels, standardized components cannot be used on a large scale in 3D design applications. Their design requires comprehensive analysis combined with terrain, resulting in potentially different roadbed cross-sections for each project and low model reusability. In this case, roadbeds are generated by sweeping or merging contour families and centerlines. For a single cross-section, selecting the corresponding roadbed contour family and clicking "Generate a single file" will generate a family file. For variable cross-sections, the variable cross-section is set based on mileage and contour families, and additions, deletions, and modifications can be made during the process. Figure 5 As shown.

[0090] Add: Adds the information from the text box to the list;

[0091] Edit: Select a data item in the list, modify it in the text box, and then click the Edit button to complete the modification;

[0092] Delete: Select the data in the list box and click the delete button to delete the data;

[0093] Importing data: Importing a .csv format table file adds data to the list; the list will be automatically cleared before being added again.

[0094] Export Data: Export the data from the list to a .csv format table;

[0095] Multiple family files (volumes) are generated in segments: one family file is generated between two adjacent interfaces;

[0096] Segmented generation into a single family file (size): This generates only one family file, but this family file is segmented. Multiple family files can be generated from segments, or a single family file can be generated from segments.

[0097] The segmentation is to maintain consistency with the segmentation in the ledger information.

[0098] 4. Placement of family members

[0099] Bridges, tunnels, railways and ancillary facilities

[0100] Select the bridge components to be placed, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the pile cap .rfa has been selected, and there are three placement methods: along the line, specified location, and by pier number.

[0101] There are two methods along the route: The first is direct parameter input: input the starting mileage, spacing, and quantity limit. A quantity limit of 0 indicates no limit; otherwise, a limit is imposed. For example, a limit of 4 means only 4 components will be placed starting from the initial placement mileage. The offset distance is the distance moved along the normal direction of the current point. The rotation angle is adjusted according to the actual situation. The second method is generation by importing a table: import a table to generate the component. Table fields include (mileage / family / family type / offset distance / rotation angle).

[0102] Specify location – Enter X / Y / Z and click Add to add the coordinate information from the text box to the list; Batch generation: Place components based on the list data.

[0103] There are two ways to generate by pier number: Generate by multiple pier numbers: separate them with commas. If there is only one pier number, just write the corresponding number. The format is (1,56,45,89). Generate by consecutive pier numbers: determine the pier numbers within this range based on the starting pier number and the ending pier number and generate the model.

[0104] The placement of tunnel and track components follows the first two methods. The method of arranging by pier number is unique to bridges. Other methods are not special and will not be elaborated here.

[0105] 5. Adding attributes

[0106] like Figure 6 The image shows the built-in properties of the bridge professional model; Figure 7 It is an inherent attribute of the tunnel professional model; Figure 8 It is an inherent attribute of the roadbed professional model; Figure 9 It is an inherent attribute of the track-specific model.

[0107] There are two ways to add attributes: the first is to directly input the parameters, which is suitable for situations with a small number of families, such as... Figure 10 In the context of `add`, if the value is "yes", a numerical code is automatically added after the value. For example, if each component has a unique component code, incrementing by 1 means adding 1 to the serial number.

[0108] The second method for importing tables: import table data, with the same header definition as the first method; exporting tables: table data can also be exported and archived.

[0109] Start Encoding: Click to start encoding automatically. The encoding style is as follows: Figure 11 As shown.

[0110] During the operation and maintenance phase, railway infrastructure across multiple disciplines (bridges, tunnels, roads, tracks, etc.) can be rapidly modeled with a single click. The accuracy of component modeling and the depth of information are determined through the engineering equipment ledger and maintenance requirements.

[0111] The positioning, outline, and height / length information of each professional model can be parameterized using both the property panel and an Excel spreadsheet.

[0112] During the operation and maintenance phase, infrastructure attributes can be added with a single click, including component name, component code, IFD, and serial number. The component name and component code fields can be customized, added, and replaced. This attribute information allows for direct identification of the uniqueness of a structure or component, which can then be linked to the corresponding public works infrastructure ledger.

[0113] 6. Data Extraction

[0114] like Figure 12 As shown, statistics can be performed based on family name, family type, or range.

[0115] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions to the technical solutions of the present invention do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rapid modeling method for railway engineering maintenance BIM models, the method comprising: Based on the extended IFD classification standard and the hierarchical status assessment, the railway engineering facility structure is decomposed level by level, a component structure tree is established, and the smallest component unit after decomposition is parametrically modeled to complete the creation of families, which include contour families and placement families. Import the relevant files for the centerline of the line, set the endpoint mileage and elevation, and complete the centerline setup; For components of the outline family to be arranged, a method of sweeping or merging in combination with the center line is adopted, and mileage information is set; For components to be placed in a family, the method of arranging them along the center line is adopted, and the position parameters are set; Set the attributes of the corresponding components and assign a unique code to each component to complete the BIM model for railway engineering operation and maintenance; The component structure tree specifically includes: The first level is the line; The second level is professional, including bridge engineering, tunnel engineering, roadbed engineering, and railway engineering; The third level is a location or region, among which... Bridge engineering includes superstructure, substructure, bearings and ancillary facilities; tunnel engineering includes tunnel body structure, portal structure, drainage system and ancillary structures; roadbed engineering includes railway roadbed, drainage system and ancillary structures; track engineering includes: rails, fasteners, sleepers, turnouts, ballast track, ballastless track, rail expansion joints, reinforcement equipment and ancillary equipment. The fourth level consists of components, among which, For bridge engineering, the superstructure includes beams and diaphragms, the substructure includes piers and foundations, the bearings include ordinary bearings and seismic bearings, and the ancillary facilities include anti-falling beam facilities, inspection facilities, anti-collision facilities, and drainage facilities. For tunnel engineering, the tunnel structure includes initial support, lining structure of the dark tunnel and structure of the open tunnel; the portal structure includes the portal ring frame, wing wall, end wall, column pier and nameplate; the waterproofing and drainage system includes waterproof layer, blind pipe and waterstop; and the auxiliary structure includes trench and auxiliary chamber. For the subgrade specialty, railway subgrade includes general subgrade and transition section subgrade, drainage system includes drainage ditches, and ancillary structures include protective fences, retaining walls and maintenance facilities. For track maintenance, sleepers include ordinary sleepers and turnout sleepers; turnouts include single turnouts, symmetrical turnouts, and combined turnouts; ballast track includes single-layer and double-layer ballast track; ballastless track includes track slabs, track bed slabs, isolation layers, adjustment layers, bases, and connectors; rail expansion joints include unidirectional and bidirectional expansion joints; reinforcement equipment includes gauge rods and rail braces; and auxiliary equipment includes vibration damping pads, guard rails, and sound-absorbing panels.

2. The rapid modeling method for railway engineering operation and maintenance BIM model according to claim 1, characterized in that, The parametric modeling specifically includes: contour parameters, length parameters, and position parameters; wherein... The contour parameter is used to control the external dimensions of the smallest component unit; the length parameter is used to control the length or height of the smallest component unit; and the position parameter is used to determine the placement of the smallest component unit in the circuit.

3. The rapid modeling method for railway engineering operation and maintenance BIM model according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process involves importing relevant files for the route centerline, setting endpoint mileage and elevation, and completing the centerline setup; specifically, this includes: Import the revised CAD file and input the mileage information of the endpoints; the CAD file includes a horizontal centerline and a longitudinal curve; or Select the model line created in Revit, and enter the mileage information for the endpoints; the model line includes a horizontal centerline and a longitudinal curve; or Import elevation point information from Excel; If the conditions for generating a curve are met, the corresponding family file is generated; otherwise, an input error is displayed.

4. The rapid modeling method for railway engineering operation and maintenance BIM model according to claim 1, characterized in that, For components of the outline family to be arranged, a method of sweeping or merging combined with the centerline is adopted, and mileage information is set; specifically including: For components with a profile family to be arranged, if it is a single cross-section, the method of sweeping in combination with the centerline is adopted, the corresponding profile family is selected to generate a family file, and the mileage information is set. If it is a variable cross section, a method of fusion based on the centerline is adopted. The variable cross section is set according to the mileage and contour family, and segmented generation is combined with the ledger information. The functions of adding, deleting and modifying are provided until a family file group is generated. The family file group includes multiple family files generated in a segmented manner according to the ledger information. Each family file corresponds to two adjacent cross sections.

5. The rapid modeling method for railway engineering operation and maintenance BIM model according to claim 1, characterized in that, For the components to be arranged in a family, a method of arranging them along the centerline is adopted, and position parameters are set; specifically including: The arrangement of rails in the roadbed and track is directly generated by sweeping or merging the contour family with the centerline; The arrangement of tunnels and their ancillary components, as well as sleepers, fasteners and their ancillary components of the track, includes setting them along the track mileage and setting them at designated locations; The layout of bridges and their ancillary components includes setting them according to pier number, setting them along the route mileage, and setting them according to designated locations.

6. The rapid modeling method for railway engineering operation and maintenance BIM model according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of setting the attributes of the corresponding components and assigning a unique code to each component specifically includes: The properties of the corresponding components can be set by either setting parameters or importing tables. The components are coded according to the route, stage, version, interval, work site, specialty, detail, type and number in the attributes, generating a unique component code that includes the above 9 fields, and associating it with the corresponding public works engineering operation and maintenance infrastructure ledger.

7. The rapid modeling method for railway engineering maintenance BIM model according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method also includes statistical analysis of components of a specified type based on family name, family type, or range.

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