Battery modules and vehicles

Abstract

This application provides a battery module and a vehicle. The battery module includes multiple individual battery cells. Each individual battery cell includes a casing, a cell, a first terminal, and a second terminal. The cell is located inside the casing. Along a first direction, the casing includes a first opening and a second opening disposed opposite to each other. The first terminal and the second terminal respectively close the first opening and the second opening. The cell includes a first tab and a second tab. The first tab and the first terminal are electrically connected. The second tab and the second terminal are electrically connected. Multiple individual battery cells are sequentially connected along the first direction. A heat-insulating gap is formed between the two opposing surfaces of the first terminal of one individual battery cell and the second terminal of another individual battery cell. The battery module of this application can mitigate the problem of heat propagation between individual battery cells within the battery module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, specifically to a battery module and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] With the progress of economic globalization and the large-scale use of fossil fuels, environmental pollution and energy shortages have received increasing attention. The search for new energy storage devices has become a research hotspot in the field of new energy. Batteries, with their advantages of high energy density, low self-discharge, good cycle performance, and no memory effect, have rapidly developed into a new generation of energy storage devices, used for power support in fields such as information technology, electric vehicles, and aerospace.

[0003] A battery module can include multiple individual cells. During operation, individual cells may experience increased internal resistance and lithium metal deposition. Over time, the risk of thermal runaway gradually increases. Besides factors related to cell usage, other factors such as water immersion, thermal shock, vibration, and overcharging / over-discharging can also trigger thermal runaway. In a battery module system, when a single cell experiences thermal runaway, due to heat transfer, the runaway can spread to adjacent cells and the surrounding environment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a battery module and a vehicle that can delay the problem of thermal propagation between individual cells within the battery module.

[0005] On one hand, this application provides a battery module, which includes:

[0006] Multiple individual batteries, each individual battery includes a casing, a cell, a first terminal post and a second terminal post, the cell is located inside the casing along a first direction, the casing includes a first opening and a second opening disposed opposite to each other, the first terminal post and the second terminal post respectively close the first opening and the second opening, the cell includes a first tab and a second tab, the first tab and the first terminal post are electrically connected, and the second tab and the second terminal post are electrically connected.

[0007] In this configuration, multiple individual cells are connected sequentially along a first direction, and a heat-insulating gap is formed between the two opposing surfaces of the first electrode of one individual cell and the second electrode of another individual cell.

[0008] The battery module provided in this application allows for the formation of a thermally insulating gap between the opposing surfaces of the first and second terminals, which are electrically connected to each other. Therefore, the opposing surfaces of the first and second terminals do not need to be in complete contact, reducing the contact area between them and thus mitigating heat transfer.

[0009] Therefore, the heat insulation gap can reduce the heat received by adjacent individual cells, which helps to slow down heat spread and thus reduces the possibility of damage caused by excessive temperature of the battery module as a whole.

[0010] According to one embodiment of this application, the first electrode post is provided with a first recess. In two adjacent single cells, a portion of the second electrode post of one single cell is located in the first recess of the first electrode post of the other single cell. A heat insulation gap is formed between the surface of the second electrode post of one single cell facing the other single cell and the bottom wall of the first recess of the first electrode post of the other single cell.

[0011] According to one embodiment of this application, the cross-sectional shape of a portion of the second pole located within the first recess matches the cross-sectional shape of the first recess, and the cross-section is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0012] According to one embodiment of this application, between the connected first pole post and the second pole post, the second pole post has a first end facing the first pole post, the first end post is provided with a chamfer, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the first concave portion of the first pole post gradually decreases, and the cross-section is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0013] According to one embodiment of this application, between the connected first pole post and the second pole post, the first pole post has a second end facing the second pole post, and the second end post is provided with a chamfer.

[0014] According to one embodiment of this application, the first pole post is provided with a second recess. Along the first direction, the orthographic projection of the second recess is located inside the orthographic projection of the second pole post. Between the connected first pole post and the second pole post, a heat insulation gap is formed between the surface of the second pole post facing the first pole post and the bottom wall of the second recess.

[0015] According to one embodiment of this application, along a first direction, the orthographic projection of the outer contour of the first pole post is positioned close to the orthographic projection of the outer contour of the housing, and / or;

[0016] The orthographic projection of the outer contour of the second pole post is set close to the orthographic projection of the outer contour of the housing.

[0017] According to one embodiment of this application, the battery module further includes a heat insulation component located inside the heat insulation gap.

[0018] According to one embodiment of this application, the cross-sectional shape of the thermal insulation element matches the cross-sectional shape of the thermal insulation gap.

[0019] On the other hand, this application provides a vehicle that includes the battery module of any of the above embodiments. The battery module can provide electrical energy to the vehicle's drive motor. The drive motor can be connected to the wheels of the vehicle through a transmission mechanism to drive the vehicle forward.

[0020] In the battery module of this application, a thermal insulation gap can be formed between the two opposing surfaces of the electrically connected first and second terminals. This reduces the contact area between the first and second terminals, thus mitigating heat transfer. Therefore, the thermal insulation gap reduces the heat received by adjacent individual cells, slowing heat spread and reducing the likelihood of the overall battery module temperature becoming too high, which could affect the module's performance and thus mitigate potential safety hazards.

[0021] In addition to the technical problems solved by the embodiments of this application, the technical features constituting the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects brought about by the technical features of these technical solutions described above, other technical problems that the battery module and vehicle provided by the embodiments of this application can solve, other technical features included in the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects brought about by these technical features will be further described in detail in the specific implementation. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery module according to an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single battery cell according to an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 3 This is an exploded structural diagram of a single cell battery according to an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional view of a battery module according to an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a partial cross-sectional view of a battery module according to another embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a partial cross-sectional view of a battery module according to another embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a partial cross-sectional view of a battery module according to another embodiment of this application.

[0030] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0031] 10. Battery module;

[0032] 10a. Insulation gap;

[0033] 10b. Receiving tank;

[0034] 100. Single cell battery;

[0035] 110. Shell;

[0036] 120. Battery cell;

[0037] 121. First pole ear;

[0038] 122. Second pole ear;

[0039] 130. First pole;

[0040] 130a, first concave part;

[0041] 130b, second concave part;

[0042] 131. Second end;

[0043] 140. Second pole column;

[0044] 141. First end;

[0045] 200. Thermal insulation components;

[0046] X, first direction;

[0047] Y, second direction;

[0048] Z, Third-party orientation.

[0049] The accompanying drawings illustrate specific embodiments of this application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to particular embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0050] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0051] The single-cell battery 100 in this application embodiment may include a lithium-ion secondary battery, a lithium-sulfur battery, or a sodium-lithium-ion battery, etc. The battery in this application embodiment may be a solid-state battery or a semi-solid-state battery. No limitation is made in this application.

[0052] According to the packaging method, a single cell 100 can generally be divided into a prismatic single cell and a pouch cell. For example, the single cell 100 of this application can be a prismatic single cell.

[0053] The multiple individual battery cells 100 of this application can be connected in series to form a battery module 10, thereby providing energy for equipment such as vehicles, ships, and small aircraft. Taking a vehicle as an example, the vehicle in this application can be a new energy vehicle. The new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid electric vehicle, or a range-extended electric vehicle.

[0054] The battery module 10 can serve as a driving power source for the vehicle, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power. For example, the battery module 10 can provide electrical energy to a drive motor. The drive motor is connected to the wheels of the vehicle via a transmission mechanism to drive the vehicle. Specifically, the battery module 10, formed by connecting multiple individual batteries 100 in series, can be horizontally disposed at the bottom of the vehicle.

[0055] The single-cell battery 100 includes a cell 120. The cell 120 includes a positive electrode, a separator, and a negative electrode. The positive electrode, separator, and negative electrode can be formed into a wound cell 120 using a winding process.

[0056] Alternatively, the positive electrode, separator, negative electrode, and separator can be stacked sequentially to form a stacked cell 120.

[0057] Alternatively, the positive electrode, separator, and negative electrode can be formed into cell 120 by combining winding and stacking processes.

[0058] Taking a single cell 100, which can be a lithium-ion battery, as an example, the single cell 100 mainly relies on the movement of lithium ions between the positive and negative electrode plates for charging and discharging. During the charging process, lithium ions can be extracted from the positive electrode plate, and then inserted into the negative electrode plate after passing through the separator.

[0059] The battery module 10 may include multiple individual battery cells 100. During operation, the internal resistance of the individual battery cell 120 may increase, and lithium metal deposition may occur. Over time, the risk of thermal runaway will gradually increase. In addition to the factors caused by the use of the battery cell 120, other factors such as water immersion, thermal shock, vibration, overcharging and over-discharging may also be causes of thermal runaway.

[0060] In related technologies, battery modules are designed with multiple cooling structures to effectively conduct heat to the battery module in the event of thermal runaway, thus delaying the further occurrence of large-area thermal runaway.

[0061] For example, the battery module can be equipped with a liquid cooling plate. The liquid cooling plate can contact the individual battery cell 100 to achieve large-area cooling of the individual battery cell 100.

[0062] However, the applicant found that in a battery module system, when a single cell experiences thermal runaway, the thermal runaway may spread to adjacent single cells and the surrounding environment due to heat transfer. Cooling methods such as liquid cooling plates are less effective at mitigating heat transfer between multiple single cells.

[0063] Based on the above problems, the applicant has improved the existing battery module. In the battery module 10 of this application, a heat-insulating gap 10a can be formed between the two opposing surfaces of the electrically connected first electrode 130 and second electrode 140, thereby reducing the contact area between the first electrode 130 and the second electrode 140 and mitigating heat transfer. Therefore, the heat-insulating gap can reduce the heat received by adjacent individual cells 100, which helps to slow down heat spread and reduces the possibility of the overall temperature of the battery module 10 being too high, thus affecting the working performance of the battery module 10 and reducing potential safety hazards.

[0064] The structure of the battery module 10 of this application will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0065] See Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the battery module 10 of this application embodiment includes a plurality of individual battery cells 100.

[0066] The single-cell battery 100 includes a casing 110, a cell 120, a first terminal 130, and a second terminal 140. (See also...) Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the battery cell 120 can be located inside the housing 110. Along the first direction X, the housing 110 may include a first opening and a second opening disposed opposite each other. A first terminal 130 and a second terminal 140 respectively close the first opening and the second opening. The battery cell 120 includes a first tab 121 and a second tab 122. The first tab 121 and the first terminal 130 are electrically connected. The second tab 122 and the second terminal 140 are electrically connected.

[0067] In this configuration, multiple individual battery cells 100 are connected sequentially along the first direction X. (See also...) Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a heat-insulating gap 10a is formed between the two opposing surfaces of the first terminal 130 of one cell battery 100 and the second terminal 140 of another cell battery 100.

[0068] A thermally insulating gap 10a can be formed between the two opposing surfaces of the electrically connected first electrode 130 and second electrode 140. Therefore, the opposing surfaces of the first electrode 130 and second electrode 140 do not need to be in complete contact, so as to reduce the contact area between the first electrode 130 and the second electrode 140, which helps to slow down heat transfer.

[0069] Therefore, the heat insulation gap 10a can prevent the heat generated by a single cell 100 from being transferred to the adjacent single cell 100 that is electrically connected to it, thereby reducing the heat received by the adjacent single cell 100, which helps to slow down heat spread and thus reduces the possibility of damage caused by excessive temperature of the battery module 10.

[0070] In some examples, two adjacent individual cells 100 can be directly connected. That is, no other connecting parts are needed between the first terminal 130 of one individual cell 100 and the second terminal 140 of another individual cell 100 to improve the overcurrent capability between the individual cells 100.

[0071] See also some of the possible implementation methods. Figure 4 As shown, the first electrode post 130 of this embodiment is provided with a first recess 130. In two adjacent single-cell batteries 100, a portion of the second electrode post 140 of one single-cell battery 100 may be located within the first recess 130 of the first electrode post 130 of the other single-cell battery 100. A heat-insulating gap 10a is formed between the surface of the second electrode post 140 of one single-cell battery 100 facing the other single-cell battery 100 and the bottom wall of the first recess 130 of the first electrode post 130 of the other single-cell battery 100.

[0072] Between the first terminal 130 and the second terminal 140 which are electrically connected to each other, a portion of the second terminal 140 may be located within the first recess 130 of the first terminal 130. Therefore, the circumferential surface of the second terminal 140 may be connected to the inner wall of the first recess 130 to achieve electrical conduction between the two individual battery cells 100.

[0073] Along the first direction X, a heat-insulating gap 10a can be formed between the surface of the second electrode 140 facing the first electrode 130 and the bottom wall of the first recess 130 to reduce the possibility of heat transfer to the single cell 100 electrically connected to it.

[0074] In some examples, if the size of the heat insulation gap 10a is set too small along the first direction X, it can easily affect the heat dissipation effect, thus easily causing the heat insulation gap 10a to fail. If the size of the heat insulation gap 10a is set too large, it can easily occupy the internal space of the battery module 10 along the first direction X.

[0075] Therefore, it is understandable that the dimensions of the heat insulation gap 10a along the first direction X can be designed based on a combination of factors such as the internal space of the battery module 10 and its overcurrent capability. No specific limitations are imposed in this application.

[0076] See also some of the possible implementation methods. Figure 4As shown, the cross-sectional shape of the portion of the second pole post 140 located within the first recess 130 matches the cross-sectional shape of the first recess 130, and the cross-section is perpendicular to the first direction X.

[0077] The circumferential surface of the second electrode post 140 located in the first recess 130 can be tightly connected to the inner wall of the first recess 130 to achieve electrical conduction between the two single cells 100. This is beneficial to improve the connection reliability between the first electrode post 130 and the second electrode post 140, and reduce the movement of the first electrode post 130 and the second electrode post 140 along the second direction Y and the third direction Z, which would affect the connection stability between the two.

[0078] In some examples, the housing 110 of this application embodiment has a square structure. The first direction X can be the length direction of the housing 110. The second direction Y can be the thickness direction of the housing 110. The third direction Z can be the width direction of the housing 110.

[0079] In some examples, the first terminal 130 of one individual cell 100 and the second terminal 140 of the other individual cell 100 may be connected by welding, riveting or bonding, which is not limited in this application.

[0080] See also some of the possible implementation methods. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, between the connected first pole post 130 and second pole post 140, the second pole post 140 has a first end 141 facing the first pole post 130. The first end 141 is provided with a chamfer, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the first recess 130 of the first pole post 130 gradually decreases, with the cross-section perpendicular to the first direction X.

[0081] In some examples, the first end 141 may be chamfered, and the sidewall of the first recess 130 may be inclined. Therefore, when the second pole post 140 is inserted into the first recess 130 of the first pole post 130, after the first pole post 130 and the second pole post 140 are fixed relative to each other along the first direction X, a heat-insulating gap 10a is formed between the opposing surfaces of the first pole post 130 and the second pole post 140.

[0082] In some examples, the chamfer of the first end 141 may also have a guiding function to facilitate the electrical connection between the first pole 130 and the second pole 140.

[0083] See also some of the possible implementation methods. Figure 4 As shown, between the connected first pole post 130 and second pole post 140, the first pole post 130 has a second end 131 facing the second pole post 140. The second end 131 is provided with a chamfer.

[0084] In some examples, the end of the first terminal 130 facing away from its own cell 120 is the second end 131. The chamfer of the second end 131 of the first terminal 130 can together with the chamfer of the first end 141 of the second terminal 140 to form a receiving groove 10b.

[0085] It is understood that the chamfered portion of the first end 141 of the second pole post 140 may be located inside the first recess 130, and the other portion may be located outside the first recess 130. The chamfer of the first end 141 located outside the first recess 130 may form a receiving groove 10b with the second chamfer.

[0086] Taking the connection between the first terminal 130 and the second terminal 140, which are electrically connected, via welding as an example, the first terminal 130 and the second terminal 140 can fuse together after melting. The receiving tank 10b can hold the liquid formed by the melting of the first terminal 130 and the second terminal 140. After the liquid cools, a fixed connection between the first terminal 130 and the second terminal 140 can be achieved, thereby improving the reliability of the connection between the first terminal 130 and the second terminal 140. In addition, the receiving tank 10b can also reduce the possibility that the liquid overflows and cools to form a solid, occupying the external space of the battery pack and thus affecting the energy density of the entire battery module 10.

[0087] See also some of the possible implementation methods. Figure 5 As shown, the first pole post 130 of this embodiment is provided with a second recess 130b. Along the first direction X, the orthographic projection of the second recess 130b is located inside the orthographic projection of the second pole post 140. Between the connected first pole post 130 and second pole post 140, a heat-insulating gap 10a is formed between the surface of the second pole post 140 facing the first pole post 130 and the bottom wall of the second recess 130b.

[0088] The second recess 130b can be recessed along the surface of the first electrode 130 away from its own cell 120 towards the cell 120 to form a heat insulation gap 10a between the first electrode 130 and the second electrode 140. Thus, the heat of a single cell 100 can be diffused and cooled through the heat insulation gap 10a, which helps to slow down the heat transfer.

[0089] In some examples, between the electrically connected first pole post 130 and second pole post 140, the orthographic projection of the second recess 130b along the first direction X may be located inside the orthographic projection of the second pole post 140. A thermally insulating gap 10a may be formed between the surface of the second pole post 140 facing the first pole post 130 and the bottom wall of the second recess 130b.

[0090] See also some of the possible implementation methods. Figure 4As shown, along the first direction X, the orthographic projection of the outer contour of the first pole post 130 can be set close to the orthographic projection of the outer contour of the housing 110. The orthographic projection of the outer contour of the second pole post 140 can also be set close to the orthographic projection of the outer contour of the housing 110.

[0091] In some examples, the dimensions of the first terminal 130 and the second terminal 140 can be set large enough to satisfy the contact area for effective electrical connection between the first terminal 130 and the second terminal 140, while also forming sufficient heat insulation space through the heat insulation gap 10a to alleviate heat spread between individual cells 100.

[0092] See the figure for some possible implementation methods. Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the battery module 10 in this embodiment may include a heat insulation member 200. The heat insulation member 200 may be located inside the heat insulation gap 10a.

[0093] The heat insulation component 200 of this application embodiment can prevent the heat of a single cell 100 from being transferred to adjacent single cells 100.

[0094] In some examples, the thermal insulation element 200 may have low thermal conductivity and high temperature resistance. Understandably, the melting point of the thermal insulation element 200 may be higher than the melting point of any of the first electrode 130, the second electrode 140, or the casing 110. When the temperature of a single cell 100 rises to the melting point of the first electrode 130 and the second electrode 140, there is a phenomenon where the first electrode 130 and the second electrode 140 fuse together between two adjacent single cells 100. At this time, the thermal insulation element 200 can block the fusion area between the first electrode 130 and the second electrode 140, and based on its own low thermal conductivity, it can more effectively mitigate thermal runaway.

[0095] In some examples, the material of the insulation element 200 can be a ceramicized silicone rubber. Under normal conditions, ceramicized silicone rubber can possess the general properties of ordinary silicone rubber materials. Under higher temperatures, ceramicized silicone rubber can rapidly form a hard, ceramicized shell, giving it better fire resistance, insulation, and thermal shock resistance.

[0096] In some examples, a loose structure can be formed inside the thermal insulation 200 at higher temperatures. Exemplarily, when heated, the thermal insulation 200 can form multiple air-filled chambers inside for storing air. Hot air generated by the individual battery cells 100 can enter these chambers. The air-filled chambers can trap the hot air, thereby reducing its flow and helping to slow the rate of heat transfer between the individual battery cells 100.

[0097] See also some of the possible implementation methods. Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the cross-sectional shape of the insulation element 200 can be matched with the cross-sectional shape of the insulation gap 10a.

[0098] The heat insulation component 200 of this embodiment can fill the interior of the heat insulation gap 10a. The heat insulation component 200 can be in full contact with the first pole post 130 and the second pole post 140.

[0099] This application also provides a vehicle that may include the battery module 10 described in the above embodiments. The battery module 10 can provide power to the vehicle.

[0100] In some examples, the battery module 10 may be located at the bottom of the vehicle.

[0101] In some examples, the single cell 100 may also include a discharge channel plate and an explosion-proof valve. The discharge channel plate may be located inside the housing 110. The explosion-proof valve may be located outside the housing 110. The discharge channel plate and the explosion-proof valve may be correspondingly arranged. The discharge channel plate may be used to support the cell, so that there is a gap between the cell and the inner wall of the housing 110, so that when the single cell 100 malfunctions, the cell is less likely to block the explosion-proof valve and cause the explosion-proof valve to fail.

[0102] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0103] The devices or elements referred to in the embodiments of this application or implied herein must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of this application. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise precisely specified.

[0104] The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," etc. (if present) in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented, for example, in orders other than those illustrated or described herein.

[0105] Furthermore, the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not explicitly listed or that are inherent to such process, method, product, or apparatus.

[0106] The term "multiple" in this article refers to two or more. The term "and / or" in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone. Furthermore, the character " / " in this article generally indicates an "or" relationship between the preceding and following related objects; in formulas, the character " / " indicates a "division" relationship between the preceding and following related objects.

[0107] It is understood that the various numerical designations used in the embodiments of this application are merely for descriptive convenience and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of this application.

[0108] It is understood that, in the embodiments of this application, the order of the above-mentioned process numbers does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A battery module, characterized by, The application relates to a battery pack. The battery pack comprises a plurality of single batteries, each single battery comprising a shell, an electric core, a first pole and a second pole, the electric core being located in the interior of the shell, the shell comprising a first opening and a second opening arranged oppositely along a first direction, the first pole and the second pole respectively closing the first opening and the second opening, and the first pole and the second pole respectively protruding from the first opening and the second opening, the electric core comprising a first tab and a second tab, the first tab being electrically connected with the first pole, and the second tab being electrically connected with the second pole. The first pole of one single battery and the second pole of another single battery are arranged oppositely, and a heat insulation gap is formed between the two surfaces of the first pole and the second pole. The first pole is provided with a first recess, and part of the second pole of one single battery is located in the first recess of the first pole of another single battery, and the surface of the second pole of one single battery facing another single battery and the bottom wall of the first recess of the first pole of another single battery form the heat insulation gap. The cross-sectional shape of the part of the second pole located in the first recess matches the cross-sectional shape of the first recess, and the cross section is perpendicular to the first direction.

2. The battery module of claim 1, wherein, The first end of the second pole facing the first pole is provided with a chamfer, and the cross-sectional area of the first recess of the first pole gradually decreases, and the cross section is perpendicular to the first direction.

3. The battery module of claim 2, wherein, The second end of the first pole facing the second pole is provided with a chamfer.

4. The battery module of claim 1, wherein, The battery pack comprises a heat insulation member located in the heat insulation gap.

5. The battery module of claim 4, wherein, The cross-sectional shape of the heat insulation member matches the cross-sectional shape of the heat insulation gap.

6. A battery module, characterized by The battery pack comprises a plurality of single batteries, each single battery comprising a shell, an electric core, a first pole and a second pole, the electric core being located in the interior of the shell, the shell comprising a first opening and a second opening arranged oppositely along a first direction, the first pole and the second pole respectively closing the first opening and the second opening, and the first pole and the second pole respectively protruding from the first opening and the second opening, the electric core comprising a first tab and a second tab, the first tab being electrically connected with the first pole, and the second tab being electrically connected with the second pole. The first pole of one single battery and the second pole of another single battery are arranged oppositely, and a heat insulation gap is formed between the two surfaces of the first pole and the second pole. ​ The first pole post is provided with a second recess, a projection of the second recess in the first direction is located inside a projection of the second pole post, a surface of the second pole post facing the first pole post and a bottom wall of the second recess form the thermal insulation gap between the first pole post and the second pole post connected to each other.

7. The battery module of claim 6, wherein, A projection of an outer contour of the first pole post in the first direction is arranged close to a projection of an outer contour of the housing, and / or; A projection of an outer contour of the second pole post in the first direction is arranged close to a projection of an outer contour of the housing.

8. The battery module of claim 6, wherein, A thermal insulation piece is arranged inside the thermal insulation gap.

9. The battery module of claim 8, wherein, A cross-sectional shape of the thermal insulation piece matches a cross-sectional shape of the thermal insulation gap.

10. A vehicle characterized by comprising: The battery module comprises the battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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