Arms, magazines and machine tools

Abstract

The present application provides an arm, a tool magazine, and a machine tool that can suppress interference between arms that house tools and can suppress enlargement in a direction parallel to a rotation axis. The arm is provided to a tool magazine of a machine tool for holding a tool. The arm has a support plate fixed to the tool magazine and two support rods that rotate on both sides of the support plate, the tool holding side end portions of the two support rods being different in position in the direction of the rotation center axis of the tool magazine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an arm for holding a cutting tool, a tool magazine having the arm, and a machine tool having the tool magazine. Background Technology

[0002] Conventional machine tools have a tool magazine, which includes a large-diameter tool arm and a small-diameter tool arm. The large-diameter tool arm and the small-diameter tool arm are adjacent to each other. However, in a direction parallel to the rotation axis of the tool magazine, the positions of the large-diameter tool arm and the small-diameter tool arm are different. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the large-diameter tool arm and the small-diameter tool arm from interfering with each other (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

[0003] Existing technical documents

[0004] Patent documents

[0005] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2011-20211 Summary of the Invention

[0006] The problem the invention aims to solve

[0007] The large-diameter tool arm or the small-diameter tool arm protrudes in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation, and they differ in height in this direction. Therefore, the tool magazine is enlarged in the direction parallel to the axis of rotation.

[0008] The object of the present invention is to provide a tool magazine and machine tool having arms that suppress interference between arms and suppress the enlargement of arms in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation.

[0009] Solution for solving the problem

[0010] The present invention provides an arm disposed in the tool magazine of a machine tool and used for holding a tool, wherein the arm comprises: a support plate fixed to the tool magazine; and two support rods that rotate on both sides of the support plate, the tool-holding ends of the two support rods being positioned at different points in the direction of the rotation axis of the tool magazine.

[0011] Therefore, two adjacent arms can overlap in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation. The operator does not need to offset the position of the other arm as a whole relative to one arm in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation.

[0012] In the arm of the present invention, in the direction of the rotation center axis, the tool-holding side end of one of the support rods and the tool-holding side end of the other support rod are separated.

[0013] In two adjacent arms, the tool gripping end of one support rod in one arm and the tool gripping end of the other support rod in the other arm do not overlap in the direction of the rotation axis.

[0014] One of the support rods of the present invention has: a first portion extending in a direction orthogonal to the rotation axis of the tool magazine; a first inclined portion extending from one end of the first portion in a direction parallel to the rotation axis; and a first gripping portion disposed on the other end of the first portion on the same side as the other direction for gripping a tool. The other support rod has: a second portion extending in a direction orthogonal to the rotation axis; a second inclined portion extending from one end of the second portion in another direction parallel to the rotation axis; and a second gripping portion fixed to the other end of the second portion on the same side as the other direction for gripping a tool. The first gripping portion and the second gripping portion are located in the same position in the direction of the rotation axis.

[0015] In the arm of the present invention, the first inclined portion and the second inclined portion extend in opposite directions along the rotation axis, and the fixed positions of the first gripping portion and the second gripping portion are opposite. Therefore, the fixed positions of the first gripping portion and the second gripping portion are located at the same position. The arm is configured such that identical support rods are arranged in opposite directions to each other, thus eliminating the need to manufacture support rods separately and facilitating parts management.

[0016] One of the support rods of the arm of the present invention has a first pivot extending in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation, and a first inclined portion connected to the first pivot. The other support rod has a second pivot extending in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation, and a second inclined portion connected to the second pivot. The first pivot and the second pivot are at the same position in the direction parallel to the axis of rotation, the first inclined portion and the second inclined portion have the same inclination angle, and the first inclined portion and the second inclined portion have the same length.

[0017] In the arm of the present invention, the first inclined portion and the second inclined portion extend in opposite directions along the rotation axis, and the fixed positions of the first gripping portion and the second gripping portion are opposite. Therefore, the fixed positions of the first gripping portion and the second gripping portion are the same. The arm is configured such that identical support rods are arranged in opposite directions to each other, thus eliminating the need to manufacture support rods separately and facilitating component management.

[0018] In the arm of the present invention, a force-applying member is provided between the two support rods, which applies force in the direction that closes the first gripping portion and the second gripping portion.

[0019] The arm of this invention holds the tool by means of the force applied by the force-applying component.

[0020] The tool magazine of the present invention has the arm described above, one end of which protrudes outward from the periphery of the rotating disk in a direction intersecting the rotation axis of the rotating disk, and the other end of which is disposed in a position not opposite to the rotation axis of the rotating disk in the length direction of the arm.

[0021] The arms of the present invention are configured to intersect with a line that passes through the center of the rotating disk and extends radially along the axis of rotation. Therefore, at least a portion of each of two adjacent arms can easily overlap.

[0022] The machine tool of the present invention is equipped with the above-described tool magazine.

[0023] The machine tool of the present invention produces the same effect as the arm and tool magazine described above.

[0024] The present invention provides an arm for holding a cutting tool, wherein the arm comprises: a support plate fixed to a tool magazine of a machine tool, having an arcuate portion at one end in a first direction; a first support rod rotatably disposed on one side of the support plate in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction; and a second support rod rotatably disposed on the other side of the support plate in the second direction. The first support rod has a first portion having a first surface facing a third direction orthogonal to the first direction, the second direction, and the support plate. The second support rod has a second portion having a second surface facing another direction in the third direction. One end of the support plate is disposed in the second direction between the first portion of the first support rod and the second portion of the second support rod, and the second surface of the second portion is located at a position separated from the first surface of the first portion in the third direction.

[0025] The effects of the invention

[0026] In the arm, tool magazine, and machine tool of the present invention, the tool-holding ends of the two support rods are positioned differently in the direction of the rotation axis of the tool magazine. Therefore, simply by arranging the arms circumferentially along the tool magazine, adjacent arms overlap in a direction parallel to the rotation axis. It is not necessary to offset the position of the other arm as a whole relative to one arm in a direction parallel to the rotation axis. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the tool magazine from becoming too large in the direction parallel to the rotation axis. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a simplified front view of the machine tool.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a simplified top view of the first tool magazine, the second tool magazine, and the tool transport device.

[0029] Figure 3 Therefore Figure 2 The line III-III shown is a simplified sectional view of the cutting line.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional view of the back side near the second tool magazine.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a simplified stereoscopic view of the arm as seen from the upper left.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a simplified stereoscopic view of the arm as seen from the upper right.

[0033] Figure 7 This is a simplified front view of the arm.

[0034] Figure 8 This is a top view of the arm.

[0035] Figure 9 This is a simplified left view of the arm.

[0036] Figure 10 This is a simplified bottom view of the arm.

[0037] Figure 11 This is a simplified, enlarged 3D view of the structure near the arm.

[0038] Figure 12 This is a simplified front view of the arm that holds the knife.

[0039] Figure 13 This is a simplified rear view of the arm that holds the knife. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The machine tool of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, the terms up, down, front, back, left, and right are used in the drawings.

[0041] The machine tool includes a base 1, a workpiece holding part 2, an XY moving mechanism 3, a column 4, a Z moving mechanism 5, a first tool magazine 6, a support part 7, a second tool magazine 80, and a tool transport device 9 (see reference). Figure 2 , Figure 3 ), spindle head 10, etc.

[0042] The base 1 is rectangular in plan view and extends in the front-to-back direction. A workpiece holding part 2 is provided on the upper front side of the base 1. On the upper part of the base 1, behind the workpiece holding part 2, an XY movement mechanism 3 is provided that can move in the left-right direction (X direction) and the front-to-back direction (Y direction).

[0043] A column 4 is provided on the upper side of the XY moving mechanism 3. A Z moving mechanism 5, capable of moving in the vertical direction (Z direction), is provided on the front surface of the column 4. A spindle head 10 is provided on the Z moving mechanism 5. The spindle head 10 has a vertically extending spindle. A cutting tool is mounted on the lower end of the spindle.

[0044] A first tool magazine 6 is provided on the front side of the spindle head 10. The first tool magazine 6 is connected to the column 4 via a connecting member. The first tool magazine 6 has a disc 6a and arms 6b. A motor (not shown) is connected to the disc 6a, and the disc 6a rotates about its central axis driven by the motor. Multiple arms 6b are arranged radially around the periphery of the disc 6a. The arms 6b hold the tools.

[0045] The first tool magazine 6 is configured such that the central axis of the disc 6a extends in the front-to-back direction and the disc 6a is tilted forward. The lower end of the first tool magazine 6 is the tool changing position. When a tool is to be installed on the spindle, the arm 6b holding the tool is positioned in the tool changing position, and the Z-movement mechanism 5 is moved downward. Based on the downward movement of the Z-movement mechanism 5, the tool held by the arm 6b is installed on the spindle. When a tool is to be removed from the spindle, the empty arm 6b is positioned in the tool changing position, and the Z-movement mechanism 5 is moved upward. Based on the upward movement of the Z-movement mechanism 5, the arm 6b holds the tool on the spindle, thereby removing the tool from the spindle.

[0046] The tool mounted on the spindle processes the workpiece held by the workpiece holder 2. The XY movement mechanism 3 adjusts the front-back and left-right positions of the tool (spindle) relative to the workpiece, and the Z movement mechanism 5 adjusts the up-down position of the tool.

[0047] A support portion 7 is located on the left rear side of the base 1. The support portion 7 extends upward, and a second tool magazine 80 is provided at its top end. The second tool magazine 80 is located on the left rear side of the first tool magazine 6. The second tool magazine 80 is equipped with a tool transport device 9. The tool transport device 9 performs tool transfer between the arm 6b of the first tool magazine 6 and the arm 83 of the second tool magazine 80.

[0048] Figure 3 The cutting line is orthogonal to the central axis of the support disk 81. The first tool magazine 6 has a cover 6d. The cover 6d covers the outer side of each arm 6b. The cover 6d is rotatable, and when changing tools between the cover and the spindle, the cover 6d rotates together with the arm 6b without obstructing the tool change.

[0049] like Figure 4 As shown, a mounting member 70 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the support portion 7. The mounting member 70 includes a front plate portion 70a, a rear plate portion 70b, and a support cylinder 70c. The front plate portion 70a and the rear plate portion 70b extend from the upper end of the support portion 7 to the upper right and are arranged one in front of the other. The support cylinder 70c is axially connected to the upper end of the front plate portion 70a and the upper end of the rear plate portion 70b in the left-right direction.

[0050] A reduction gear device 71 is connected to the right side of the support cylinder 70c. The reduction gear device 71 has an annular inner peripheral portion 72 and an annular outer peripheral portion 73. The inner peripheral portion 72 is fixed to the periphery of the support cylinder 70c. The outer peripheral portion 73 is mounted around the inner peripheral portion 72 in a manner that allows it to rotate about an axis. That is, the inner peripheral portion 72 supports the outer peripheral portion 73 so that it can rotate.

[0051] The second tool magazine 80 includes a support disc 81, a motor 82, and an arm 83. The support disc 81 forms a rotating disc. The motor 82 is connected to the left side of the support cylinder 70c. The support disc 81 is positioned on the right side of the reduction gear device 71 with both surfaces facing left and right. The right surface of the support disc 81 faces slightly rearward, and the left surface faces slightly forward. A through hole 81b is provided in the center of the support disc 81, extending through the support disc 81 from left to right (see reference). Figure 3 The support cylinder 70c and the inner peripheral portion 72 extend axially and are inserted into the through hole 81b. The outer peripheral portion 73 is connected to the left edge of the through hole 81b. Driven by the motor 82, the outer peripheral portion 73 rotates, thereby causing the support disk 81 to rotate about its central axis 81a. The central axis 81a constitutes the axis of rotation and extends in the horizontal direction.

[0052] like Figure 1 As shown, the arm 6b of the first tool magazine 6 and the arm 83 of the second tool magazine 80 are closest to each other below the central axis 81a. This closest position is the tool change position P for exchanging tools between the first tool magazine 6 and the second tool magazine 80. Hereinafter, the arm 6b of the first tool magazine 6 positioned at the tool change position P will be referred to as the exchange position arm 6c, and the arm 83 of the second tool magazine 80 positioned at the tool change position P will be referred to as the exchange position arm 84. Tool changing occurs between the exchange position arm 6c and the exchange position arm 84.

[0053] One end 83f of the holding arm 83 protrudes radially outward from the periphery of the support disk 81. Figure 3 In the diagram, L1 represents the line passing through the central axis 81a of the support disk 81 and the center of the tool 50 held by the exchange position arm 84, and L2 represents the line along the length of the exchange position arm 84. Line L2 passes through the center of the exchange position arm 84. Lines L1 and L2 intersect to form a predetermined angle θ (>0). Each arm 83 located at the tool change position P of the tool magazine is configured to form the predetermined angle θ, therefore, the other end 83g of the arm 83 is not opposite to the central axis 81a of the support disk 81.

[0054] A tool feeder 9 is provided on the right side of the support disc 81. The tool feeder 9 includes a motor 9a, a ball screw 9b, a nut 9c, a track 9d, a sliding part 9e, a tool holder 9f, and a connecting part 9g. The support cylinder 70c inserted into the through hole 81b and the inner circumference 72 support the ball screw 9b and the track 9d. The ball screw 9b is connected to the rotating shaft of the motor 9a. The nut 9c is connected to the ball screw 9b.

[0055] like Figure 3 As shown, the track 9d is positioned next to the ball screw 9b. The track 9d is fixed at a position offset from the central axis 81a of the support disk 81. The track 9d extends along the length of the exchange position arm 84. One end of the track 9d faces the exchange position arm 84. A sliding portion 9e is slidably disposed on the track 9d. A tool holder 9f is mounted on the sliding portion 9e. A connecting portion 9g connects the sliding portion 9e and the nut 9c. Driven by the motor 9a, the ball screw 9b rotates, thereby moving the nut 9c along the ball screw 9b, and causing the sliding portion 9e, the connecting portion 9g, and the tool holder 9f to move along the track 9d. The tool holder 9f clamps the tool 50 held by the exchange position arm 84 and transfers it to the empty exchange position arm 6c, or clamps the tool 50 held by the exchange position arm 6c and transfers it to the empty exchange position arm 84.

[0056] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, multiple arms 83 are arranged along the periphery of the support disk 81. The arms 83 extend radially along the support disk 81. Hereinafter, [the text continues with further details about the arms and their arrangement]. Figures 5 to 13 The structure of arm 83 will be explained.

[0057] Arm 83 includes a first support rod 831 and a second support rod 832. The support plate 83a, the first support rod 831, and the second support rod 832 extend in the front-rear direction. The front end of the support plate 83a, when viewed from above, has a rearward-protruding arc shape.

[0058] The first support rod 831 and the second support rod 832 are separated in the left-right direction and are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the support plate 83a.

[0059] The midpoint of the first support rod 831 in the front-rear direction is connected to the midpoint of the support plate 83a via a pivot 83d with the vertical direction as the axial direction. The midpoint of the second support rod 832 in the front-rear direction is connected to the midpoint of the support plate 83a via a pivot 83e with the vertical direction as the axial direction. Pivot 83d constitutes the first pivot. Pivot 83e constitutes the second pivot.

[0060] The portion of the first support rod 831 that is forward of the pivot 83d is called the front portion 831d, and the portion of the first support rod 831 that is backward of the pivot 83d is called the rear portion 831e. The portion of the second support rod 832 that is forward of the pivot 83e is called the front portion 832d, and the portion of the second support rod 832 that is backward of the pivot 83e is called the rear portion 832e. The front portion 831d of the first support rod 831 is bent to the left. The front portion 832d of the second support rod 832 is bent to the right. The arc-shaped front end of the support plate 83a is positioned between the front portion 831d of the first support rod 831 and the front portion 832d of the second support rod 832.

[0061] A spring seat 831c is provided at the rear end of the first support rod 831. A spring seat 832c is provided at the rear end of the second support rod 832. The two spring seats 831c and 832c are circular plates and are opposite each other in the left-right direction. A compression spring 83c is provided between the two spring seats 831c and 832c. The compression spring 83c applies force to the two spring seats 831c and 832c in a manner that moves the two spring seats 831c and 832c away from each other in the left-right direction. Rollers 831b and 832b form one end 83f of the arm 83, and the spring seats 831c and 832c and the compression spring 83c form the other end 83g of the arm 83 (see reference). Figure 3 ).

[0062] The front portion 831d of the first support rod 831 is located to the left of the rear portion 831e. An inclined portion 831a connects the front portion 831d and the rear portion 831e. The inclined portion 831a is inclined in a manner that extends rearward and downward from the rear end of the front portion 831d. A roller 831b is provided on the lower surface of the front end of the front portion 831d. The front portion 831d constitutes the first part, and the inclined portion 831a constitutes the first inclined portion. The roller 831b constitutes the first gripping portion. The vertical direction is parallel to the rotation axis of the tool magazine 80.

[0063] The front portion 832d of the second support rod 832 is located to the right of the rear portion 832e. An inclined portion 832a connects the front portion 832d and the rear portion 832e. The inclined portion 832a is inclined as it extends rearward and upward from the rear end of the front portion 832d. A roller 832b is provided on the upper surface of the front end of the front portion 832d. The front portion 832d constitutes the second part, the inclined portion 832a constitutes the second inclined portion, and the roller 832b constitutes the second gripping portion.

[0064] The first support rod 831 and the second support rod 832 are identical components, only reversed vertically. In a direction parallel to the rotation axis of the tool magazine 80, the positions of the pivot 83d and pivot 83e are the same. The tilting directions of the inclined portion 831a and inclined portion 832a are opposite, but the tilt angles are the same. The lengths of the inclined portion 831a and inclined portion 832a are the same. Therefore, in a direction parallel to the rotation axis of the tool magazine, the positions of the roller 831b and roller 832b are the same.

[0065] Multiple arms 83 are arranged along the periphery of the support disk 81. The multiple arms 83 include a first arm 83A and a second arm 83B located next to the first arm 83A. The lower surface of the front portion 831d of the first arm 83A is positioned higher than the upper surface of the front portion 832d of the second arm 83B. The front portions 831d and 832d are axially separated from each other on the support disk 81. That is, in adjacent first arms 83A and second arms 83B, the positions of the front portions 831d of the first arm 83A and 832d of the second arm 83B are offset vertically, i.e., axially, from the support disk 81.

[0066] As described above, lines L1 and L2 intersect to form a predetermined angle θ, so the first arm 83A and the second arm 83B, i.e., the two adjacent arms 83, are at least partially in the same position in the circumferential direction of the support disk 81. However, the front portions 831d and 832d overlap in a direction parallel to the central axis 81a. In other words, the positions of the front portions 831d and 832d are offset in the axial direction of the support disk 81. Therefore, the two adjacent arms 83 in the circumferential direction will not interfere with each other.

[0067] In the machine tool described above, compared with the case where multiple arms 83 are arranged in a non-overlapping manner in a direction parallel to the central axis 81a, the number of arms 83 that can be provided on the support disk 81 can be increased without making the support disk 81 radially larger.

[0068] The cutter 50 is mounted between the front portion 831d of the first support rod 831 and the front portion 832d of the second support rod 832. Rollers 831b and 832b hold the cutter 50 by the force of the compression spring 83c.

[0069] In the machine tool of this embodiment, the positions of the first support rod 831 and the second support rod 832, i.e., the positions of the two sides of the arm 83 in the circumferential direction of the central axis 81a, are different in the direction parallel to the central axis 81a. Therefore, by simply arranging the arms 83 along the circumference of the support disk 81, it is possible to make two adjacent arms 83 overlap in the direction parallel to the central axis 81a. That is, it is not necessary to offset the position of the other arm 83 as a whole in the direction parallel to the central axis 81a in order to make two adjacent arms 83 overlap in the direction parallel to the central axis 81a, thus suppressing the enlargement in the direction parallel to the central axis 81a.

[0070] The arms 83 are arranged to intersect with a line L1 that passes through the center of the support disk 81 and extends radially along the central axis 81a. By adopting this arrangement, at least a portion of each of two adjacent arms 83 can easily overlap.

[0071] Furthermore, the first support rod 831 of one arm 83 and the second support rod 832 of the other arm 83 overlap. Therefore, it is possible to suppress interference between the arms 83 and to suppress their enlargement in the direction parallel to the central axis 81a.

[0072] Rollers 831b and 832b are examples of the gripping part; a hemispherical body, pin, or push rod can also be used instead of rollers. Compression spring 83c is an example of the force-applying member; rubber can also be used instead of compression spring 83c. The force-applying member can also be provided between the front portions 831d and 832d; in this case, a tension spring can also be used as the force-applying member.

[0073] Alternatively, the arms 83 can be arranged such that the positions of two adjacent arms 83 are offset from each other radially in the support disk 81. In the first tool magazine 6, in order to prevent the arms 6b from interfering with each other and to suppress their enlargement in the direction parallel to the central axis of the disk 6a, the structure of the first tool magazine 6 can also be the same as that of the second tool magazine 80.

[0074] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0075] 50. Cutting tool; 80. Second tool magazine; 81. Support disc (rotating disc); 81a. Central axis (rotation axis); 83. Arm; 83f. One end; 83g. The other end; 831. First support rod; 832. Second support rod; 9. Cutting tool conveying device.

Claims

1. An arm disposed in the tool magazine of a machine tool for holding cutting tools, characterized in that, The arm has the following features: Support plate, which is fixed to the tool magazine; and Two support rods rotate on either side of the support plate. The tool-holding ends of the two support rods are positioned differently along the axis of the rotation center of the tool magazine, i.e., along the axis of rotation. The support rod described above has: The first part extends in a direction orthogonal to the rotation center axis of the tool magazine; A first inclined portion extends inclinedly from one end of the first portion toward a direction parallel to the axis of rotation; as well as A first gripping part, located on the same side as the first part at the other end, is used to grip the tool. Another of the support rods has: The second part extends in a direction orthogonal to the axis of rotation; The second inclined portion extends obliquely from one end of the second portion in another direction parallel to the axis of rotation; as well as The second gripping part, fixed to the other end of the second part on the same side as the other direction, is used to grip the knife. In the direction of the rotation center axis, the first gripping part and the second gripping part are located at the same position.

2. The arm according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the direction of the rotation center axis, the tool-holding end of one of the support rods is separated from the tool-holding end of the other support rod.

3. The arm according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, One of the support rods has a first pivot that extends in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation. The first inclined portion is connected to the first pivot. Another support rod has a second pivot that extends in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation. The second inclined portion is connected to the second pivot. The first pivot and the second pivot are positioned in the same direction parallel to the axis of rotation. The tilt angles of the first and second inclined portions are the same. The first inclined portion and the second inclined portion have the same length.

4. The arm according to claim 3, characterized in that, A force-applying member is provided between the two support rods, which applies force in the direction that closes the first gripping part and the second gripping part.

5. A tool magazine, characterized in that, This tool magazine has the following features: The arm according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the arm being disposed on a rotating disk, One end of the arm protrudes outward from the periphery of the rotating disk in a direction intersecting the rotation center axis of the rotating disk. Along the length of the arm, the other end of the arm is positioned not opposite to the axis of rotation of the rotating disk.

6. A machine tool, characterized in that, The machine tool is equipped with the tool magazine as described in claim 5.

7. An arm for holding a knife, characterized in that, The arm has the following features: The support plate, which is fixed to the tool magazine of the machine tool, has an arc-shaped portion at one end in the first direction; A first support rod is rotatably disposed on one side of the support plate in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction; as well as A second support rod is rotatably disposed on the other side of the support plate in the second direction. The first support rod includes a first portion having a first surface inclined in a third direction orthogonal to the first direction, the second direction, and the support plate. The second support rod includes a second portion having a second surface that is inclined in another direction toward the third party. One end of the support plate is disposed in the second direction between the first portion of the first support rod and the second portion of the second support rod. The second surface of the second portion is located at a position separated from the first surface of the first portion in the direction upward toward the third party.

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