System and method for organic solid waste coupled with compressed air energy storage

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of air energy storage technology, and specifically to a system and method for coupling organic solid waste with compressed air energy storage. It includes an organic solid waste gasification subsystem, which includes a gasifier, a purification dust collector, and a fan connected in series; a power generation subsystem, which includes a burner, a gas turbine, and a generator connected in series; a heat exchange subsystem, which includes a heat storage heat exchanger device arranged in parallel, a low-temperature side flow channel of the heat storage heat exchanger, and a high-temperature side flow channel of the heat storage heat exchanger; an air compression and storage subsystem, which includes a motor, a compressor, and a gas storage reservoir connected in series; and an exhaust gas treatment subsystem, which includes a fan and a flue gas purification device connected in series. By coupling the gasification of organic solid waste with the compressed air energy storage system, the harmless disposal and utilization of organic solid waste can be achieved, the problem of dioxin emissions caused by insufficient incineration temperature can be avoided, and the consumption and emission of fossil energy can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of air energy storage, and in particular to a system and method for organic solid waste coupled compressed air energy storage. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of the economy and society, a number of energy and environmental issues have emerged. On the one hand, energy consumption is constantly increasing, and the absorption of highly volatile new energy sources has brought about a huge demand for energy storage. As a new large-scale energy storage technology, compressed air energy storage is of great significance to the optimization of energy structure and the regulation of power grid operation. Its main working principle is as follows: taking advantage of the low electricity prices of the power system, a motor drives an air compressor to compress the atmospheric air and store it in a gas storage reservoir, thus converting electrical energy into the potential energy of air. When the power grid is at peak load and the electricity price is high, the compressed air in the gas storage reservoir is released in a controlled and orderly manner through pipelines, expanding in the steam turbine to produce work, thereby driving the generator to generate electricity. Through this process, the compressed air energy storage system can store cheap electricity during low load periods as the potential energy of compressed air, and then convert it into electricity when the power system is at peak load, achieving optimized regulation of power grid operation by shaving peak loads and filling valleys.

[0003] Traditional compressed air energy storage systems utilize high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion of a mixture of natural gas and compressed air to drive a steam turbine to expand and generate electricity. This results in environmental issues caused by the consumption of non-renewable fossil energy and carbon emissions. Furthermore, the flue gas from the gas turbine, reaching temperatures of nearly 600 degrees Celsius, results in significant energy losses. This energy, stored in a heat exchanger and then transferred to compressed air from the gas storage reservoir, can increase the temperature and pressure of the compressed air before it enters the steam turbine, thereby improving the compressed air's ability to expand and generate power, and the efficiency of the entire compressed air energy storage system.

[0004] On the other hand, urban domestic waste caused by economic and social development needs to be dealt with urgently, and agricultural and forestry straw waste also faces disposal problems after the ban on incineration. These two types of solid waste contain a large amount of organic matter and can be effectively utilized through combustion to generate electricity. However, conventional waste incineration technology will produce harmful gases such as dioxins due to insufficient temperature. The use of plasma high-temperature incineration technology faces problems such as high cost and short life. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to address the defects of the existing technology and provide a system and method for coupling organic solid waste with compressed air energy storage. By coupling the gasification of organic solid waste with the compressed air energy storage system, the harmless treatment and resource utilization of organic solid waste can be achieved, while solving the problem of heat loss caused by the release of high-temperature exhaust gas from gas turbines and the problem of conventional incineration technology not producing dioxin harmful gases at insufficient temperature. It reduces the fossil energy consumption and emission problems caused by the use of natural gas for supplementary combustion in the supplementary combustion compressed air energy storage system, and at the same time realizes the heat recovery and utilization of high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gas.

[0006] The present invention provides an organic solid waste coupled compressed air energy storage system, comprising:

[0007] An organic solid waste gasification subsystem, comprising a gasifier, a purification dust collector, and a fan connected in series;

[0008] A power generation subsystem comprising a burner, a gas turbine, and a generator connected in series;

[0009] a heat exchange subsystem comprising a heat storage heat exchanger device, a low-temperature side flow channel of the heat storage heat exchanger, and a high-temperature side flow channel of the heat storage heat exchanger arranged in parallel;

[0010] An air compression and storage subsystem, which includes a motor, a compressor, and an air storage reservoir connected in series;

[0011] The exhaust gas treatment subsystem includes a fan and a flue gas purification device connected in series.

[0012] The output end of the fan in the organic solid waste gasification subsystem is connected to the input end of the burner;

[0013] The low-temperature side flow channel of the heat storage heat exchanger in the heat exchange subsystem is connected to the output end of the gas storage reservoir upstream and the input end of the burner downstream;

[0014] The high-temperature side flow channel of the heat storage heat exchanger in the heat exchange subsystem is connected to the output end of the gas turbine upstream and to the input end of the fan downstream.

[0015] Preferably, the organic solid waste added to the gasifier in the organic solid waste gasification subsystem is a mixture of one or more raw materials selected from municipal solid waste, agricultural and forestry straw biomass, sludge, livestock manure, and coal by-products.

[0016] Preferably, the structure of the heat storage heat exchanger device is plate type or shell and tube type, and the heat storage heat exchanger device is filled with a heat carrier, and the heat carrier is any one of a liquid working fluid, a phase change heat storage material, and a granular heat storage working fluid with a certain fluidity.

[0017] Preferably, the gasification furnace is any one of a solid bed, a bubbling fluidized bed, and a circulating fluidized bed, and the gasification furnace operates at normal pressure or pressurized state.

[0018] More preferably, the gas storage reservoir includes any one of salt rock caves, hard rock caves, aquifers, abandoned mines, artificial caves, metal gas tanks, composite gas tanks, and underwater air bags, and the gas storage reservoir includes a single gas storage device or multiple parallel gas storage devices.

[0019] The present invention also provides a control method for an organic solid waste coupled compressed air energy storage system, the control method comprising an energy storage process and an energy release process, wherein the energy storage process comprises an air compression energy storage process and a combustion heat energy storage process;

[0020] The air compression energy storage process includes:

[0021] Use electricity to drive the compressor to compress the air and store it in the gas storage tank, converting the electricity into the potential energy of the compressed air;

[0022] The combustion heat energy storage process includes:

[0023] The gas produced by the gasification furnace flows through the purification dust collector and the fan in sequence and enters the burner for combustion. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas produced drives the gas turbine to work, and the exhaust gas passes through the high-temperature side flow channel of the heat storage heat exchanger to store the heat in the heat storage heat exchanger device.

[0024] Preferably, the energy release process includes a first energy release mode:

[0025] The gas generated by the organic solid waste gasification subsystem enters the combustion chamber together with the ambient atmosphere to burn and drive the gas turbine to do work.

[0026] Preferably, the energy release process includes a second energy release mode:

[0027] The compressed air of the air compression and storage subsystem flows from the gas storage reservoir through the low-temperature side flow channel of the heat storage heat exchanger into the burner, driving the gas turbine to perform work.

[0028] More preferably, the energy release process includes a third energy release mode, and the third energy release mode is the first energy release mode and the second energy release mode performed alternately.

[0029] More preferably, the energy release process includes a fourth energy release mode, and the fourth energy release mode is performed simultaneously with the first energy release mode and the second energy release mode.

[0030] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0031] 1. This system couples the gasification of organic solid waste with the compressed air energy storage system to achieve harmless treatment and resource utilization of organic solid waste, while solving the problem of heat loss caused by the release of high-temperature exhaust gas from gas turbines and the problem of insufficient temperature for producing dioxin-related harmful gases in conventional incineration technology. It reduces the fossil energy consumption and emission problems caused by the use of natural gas for supplementary combustion in supplementary combustion compressed air energy storage systems, and at the same time achieves heat recovery and utilization of high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gas. Specifically, this system is equipped with an organic solid waste gasification subsystem, a heat exchange subsystem, and a power generation subsystem. The organic solid waste gasification subsystem includes a gasifier, a purification dust collector, and a fan connected in series. The heat exchange subsystem includes a heat storage heat exchanger device, a low-temperature side flow channel of the heat storage heat exchanger, and a high-temperature side flow channel of the heat storage heat exchanger. The power generation subsystem includes a burner, a gas turbine, and a generator connected in series. The fan outlet and the low-temperature side flow channel of the heat storage heat exchanger are connected to the burner together. The high-temperature and high-pressure compressed gas in the low-temperature side flow channel of the heat storage heat exchanger will significantly increase the combustion temperature and pressure of the gas generated by the organic solid waste gasification subsystem, thereby reducing or even avoiding the problem of dioxin release caused by insufficient temperature, and realizing the harmless treatment and resource utilization of organic solid waste; at the same time, the increase in the temperature and pressure of the combustion gas will enhance the expansion work capacity of the gas turbine.

[0032] 2. The air compression and storage subsystem includes a motor, compressor, and gas storage. The heat exchange subsystem includes a heat storage heat exchanger, a low-temperature side flow channel of the heat storage heat exchanger, and a high-temperature side flow channel of the heat storage heat exchanger. The power generation subsystem includes a combustor, a gas turbine, and a generator connected in series. The output of the gas storage is connected to the input of the low-temperature side flow channel of the heat storage heat exchanger, and the output of the gas turbine is connected to the input of the high-temperature side flow channel of the heat storage heat exchanger. After the gas turbine is completed, the exhaust gas still reaches nearly 600 degrees Celsius. This heat is stored in the heat storage heat exchanger through the high-temperature side flow channel of the heat storage heat exchanger, improving energy utilization and system efficiency. When the compressed air from the gas storage enters the low-temperature side flow channel of the heat storage heat exchanger, it is heated by the heat stored in the heat storage heat exchanger, further increasing the temperature and pressure of the compressed air, raising the inlet temperature of the burner, and thus improving the working capacity of the gas turbine and system efficiency.

[0033] 3. In addition, this method has four adjustable external power generation modes, which can provide the power system with variable load and wide load power release capabilities. It can also provide external heat supply at different temperatures to achieve the system's combined heat and power. Power generation mode one is to use only the high-temperature gas generated by the organic solid waste gasification subsystem to drive the power generation subsystem to generate electricity; power generation mode two is to use only the low-valley electricity price to drive the compressor to compress air and store it in the gas storage reservoir. During peak power consumption, the high-pressure air is released to drive the steam turbine to generate power; power generation mode three is to alternate between power generation mode one and power generation mode two, storing the heat of the high-temperature flue gas at the end of power generation mode one in a heat storage heat exchanger device. When power generation mode two comes, the compressed air in power generation mode two first enters the heat storage heat exchanger device to be heated, and after increasing its temperature and pressure, it drives the steam turbine to output greater power. Power generation mode four is to simultaneously operate power generation mode one and power generation mode two, at which time the entire system output power is the highest. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the present invention.

[0035] In the figure: 1. Gasifier; 2. Purifier and dust collector; 3. Fan; 4. Burner; 5. Gas turbine; 6. Generator; 7. Thermal storage heat exchanger device; 8. Low-temperature side flow channel of thermal storage heat exchanger; 9. High-temperature side flow channel of thermal storage heat exchanger; 10. Motor; 11. Compressor; 12. Gas storage; 13. Fan; 14. Flue gas purification device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by this application more clearly understood, this application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0037] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being “fixed on” or “disposed on” another element, it may be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being “connected to” another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0038] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application.

[0039] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. Throughout the description of this application, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0040] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" in this specification mean that one or more embodiments of the present application include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with that embodiment. Thus, phrases such as "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," and "in other embodiments" appearing in various places in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more but not all embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "including," "comprising," "having," and variations thereof all mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. "Multiple" means "two or more."

[0041] Example 1

[0042] Figure 1 The following is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a system for coupling organic solid waste with compressed air energy storage according to a preferred embodiment of the present application. For ease of illustration, only the parts related to this embodiment are shown, which are described in detail as follows:

[0043] An organic solid waste coupled compressed air energy storage system, comprising

[0044] The organic solid waste gasification subsystem A comprises a gasifier 1, a purification dust collector 2, and a fan 3 connected in series;

[0045] The power generation subsystem B includes a burner 4, a gas turbine 5, and a generator 6 connected in series;

[0046] Heat exchange subsystem C, which includes a heat storage heat exchanger device 7, a low-temperature side flow channel 8 of the heat storage heat exchanger, and a high-temperature side flow channel 9 of the heat storage heat exchanger arranged in parallel;

[0047] The air compression and storage subsystem D includes a motor 10, a compressor 11, and an air storage reservoir 12 connected in series;

[0048] The exhaust gas treatment subsystem E includes a fan 13 and a flue gas purification device 14 connected in series.

[0049] The output end of the fan 3 in the organic solid waste gasification subsystem is connected to the input end of the burner 4;

[0050] The low-temperature side flow channel 8 of the heat storage heat exchanger in the heat exchange subsystem is connected to the output end of the gas storage reservoir 12 upstream and the input end of the burner 4 downstream;

[0051] The high-temperature side flow channel 9 of the heat storage heat exchanger in the heat exchange subsystem is connected to the output end of the gas turbine 5 upstream and to the input end of the fan 13 downstream.

[0052] In one embodiment, the gasification gas generated by the organic solid waste gasification subsystem A and the medium-temperature and medium-pressure air generated by the air compression and storage subsystem B enter the burner 4 at the same time for combustion, and the resulting high-temperature and high-pressure gas drives the gas turbine 5, thereby driving the generator 6 to generate electricity.

[0053] In one embodiment, the high-energy gas generated by the power generation subsystem B transfers heat to the compressed air transmitted by the air compression and storage subsystem D through the heat exchange subsystem C, thereby increasing the temperature and pressure of the latter.

[0054] In one embodiment, organic solid waste enters the gasification furnace 1, where it is thermally decomposed under high temperature to generate gasified gas. The gasified gas passes through the purification dust collector 2 to obtain high-temperature and high-calorific value fuel gas that can be used by the gas turbine, and then enters the burner 4 driven by the fan 3.

[0055] In one embodiment, the high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas from the gas turbine 5 passes through the high-temperature side flow channel 9 of the heat storage heat exchanger, and the heat is transferred and stored in the heat storage heat exchanger device 7. When the compressed air from the gas storage reservoir 12 flows through the heat storage heat exchanger 7 through the low-temperature side flow channel 8, the heat stored in the heat storage heat exchanger 7 heats the compressed air from the gas storage reservoir 12 to obtain high-temperature and high-pressure compressed air.

[0056] In one embodiment, the high-temperature and high-pressure compressed air heated by the recycled waste heat coming out of the high-temperature side flow channel 8 of the heat storage heat exchanger is burned in the burner 4 together with the high-temperature and high-calorific value fuel gas coming out of the fan 3, driving the gas turbine 5 to perform work.

[0057] In one embodiment, the organic solid waste added to the gasifier 1 in the organic solid waste gasification subsystem is a mixture of one or more raw materials selected from municipal solid waste, agricultural and forestry straw biomass, sludge, livestock manure, and coal by-products.

[0058] In one embodiment, the structure of the heat storage heat exchanger device 7 is a plate type or a shell and tube type, and the heat storage heat exchanger device 7 is filled with a heat carrier, which is any one of a liquid working medium, a phase change heat storage material, and a granular heat storage working medium with a certain fluidity.

[0059] In one embodiment, the gasifier 1 is any one of a solid bed, a bubbling fluidized bed, and a circulating fluidized bed, and the gasifier 1 operates at normal pressure or pressurized state.

[0060] In one embodiment, the gas storage reservoir 12 includes any one of salt rock caves, hard rock caves, aquifers, abandoned mines, artificial caves, metal gas tanks, composite gas tanks, and underwater air bags. The gas storage reservoir 12 includes a single gas storage device or multiple parallel gas storage devices.

[0061] In one embodiment, the compressor 11 is driven by a motor 10; in addition to utilizing nighttime off-peak electricity, the motor 10 can also utilize abandoned wind and abandoned photovoltaic power. In other embodiments, the compressor 11 can also be driven by other mechanisms such as a pneumatic motor and a hydraulic motor.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] A control method for an organic solid waste coupled compressed air energy storage system includes an energy storage process and an energy release process. The energy storage process includes an air compression energy storage process and a combustion heat energy storage process. The air compression energy storage and combustion heat energy storage processes can be performed simultaneously or in a time-sharing manner.

[0064] The air compression energy storage process refers to the process of compressing the ambient atmosphere to store energy, which includes:

[0065] The compressor 11 is driven by electric energy to compress the air and store it in the gas storage 12, converting the electric energy into the potential energy of the compressed air;

[0066] The combustion heat energy storage process refers to the process in which the heat from the combustion of organic solid waste gasification gas is stored in a heat storage heat exchanger device, which includes:

[0067] The gas with a certain temperature generated by the gasification furnace 1 flows through the purification dust collector 2 and the fan 3 in sequence and enters the burner 4 for combustion. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated drives the gas turbine 5 to perform work. The exhaust gas with a temperature of nearly 600 degrees Celsius passes through the high-temperature side flow channel 9 of the heat storage heat exchanger to store heat in the heat storage heat exchanger device 7.

[0068] In one embodiment, the energy release process includes a first energy release mode:

[0069] The gas generated by the organic solid waste gasification subsystem enters the combustion chamber 4 together with the ambient atmosphere to burn and drive the gas turbine 5 to perform work.

[0070] In one embodiment, the energy release process includes a second energy release mode:

[0071] The compressed air of the air compression and storage subsystem flows from the gas storage reservoir 12 through the low-temperature side flow channel 8 of the heat storage heat exchanger into the burner 4, driving the gas turbine 5 to perform work.

[0072] In one embodiment, the energy release process includes a third energy release mode, which is an alternating process of the first and second energy release modes. In the first energy release mode, when the high-temperature exhaust gas at the output end of the gas turbine 5 flows through the high-temperature side flow channel 9 of the heat storage heat exchanger, the heat of the high-temperature exhaust gas is stored in the heat storage heat exchanger device 7. When the compressed air at the output end of the gas storage reservoir 12 enters the low-temperature side flow channel 8 of the heat storage heat exchanger in the second energy release mode, it absorbs the heat stored in the heat storage heat exchanger device 7, causing the temperature and pressure to rise. After entering the combustor 4 together with the gasified gas in the first energy release mode, high-temperature and high-pressure gas is obtained, which drives the gas turbine 5 and drives the generator 6 to generate electricity.

[0073] In one embodiment, the fourth energy release mode is a simultaneous execution of the first energy release mode and the second energy release mode.

[0074] In addition, the organic solid waste coupled compressed air energy storage of this embodiment can also provide heat supply from high to low temperatures to the outside from the output end of the gas turbine 5, the output end of the high-temperature side flow channel 9 of the heat storage heat exchanger, and the output end of the flue gas purification device 14 according to the heat demand of different external temperatures, thereby realizing the combined heat and power supply of the system.

[0075] In this embodiment, the valves of certain components can be opened or closed in multiple combinations according to the load of the power system to achieve four power generation modes and output different power levels of electricity, as follows:

[0076] Power generation mode 1: Organic solid waste gasification subsystem A, which includes a gasifier 1, a purification dust collector 2, and a fan 3 connected in series; power generation subsystem B, which includes a burner 4, a gas turbine 5, and a generator 6 connected in series. Burner 4 retains an air inlet connected to the atmosphere, and the output of fan 3 is connected to the input of burner 4. The high-temperature combustion gas produced by the organic solid waste gasification subsystem enters burner 4 along with the ambient air for combustion, generating high-temperature, high-pressure gas that drives the gas turbine, which in turn drives the generator to generate electricity.

[0077] Power generation mode two involves an air compression and storage subsystem D, which includes a motor 10, a compressor 11, and a gas storage reservoir 12 connected in series. The power generation subsystem B includes a burner 4, a gas turbine 5, and a generator 6 connected in series. The output of the gas storage reservoir 12 is connected to the input of the burner 4 via the low-temperature side flow channel 8 of the thermal storage heat exchanger. During periods of low power load, electricity is consumed to compress the air, converting it into potential energy and storing it in the gas storage reservoir 12. During peak power demand, the gas in the gas storage reservoir 12 passes through the low-temperature side flow channel 8 of the thermal storage heat exchanger and the burner 4, driving the gas turbine 5 and the generator 6 to generate electricity.

[0078] Power generation mode three is to alternate between power generation mode one and power generation mode two. At this time, when the high-temperature exhaust gas at the output end of the gas turbine 5 in power generation mode one flows through the high-temperature side flow channel 9 of the heat storage heat exchanger, the heat of the high-temperature exhaust gas is stored in the heat storage heat exchanger device 7. When the compressed air at the output end of the gas storage reservoir 12 in power generation mode two enters the low-temperature side flow channel 8 of the heat storage heat exchanger, it absorbs the heat stored in the heat storage heat exchanger device 7, causing the temperature and pressure to rise and then enter the burner 4 together with the gasified gas in power generation mode one to obtain high-temperature and high-pressure fuel gas, which drives the gas turbine 5 to drive the generator 6 to generate electricity.

[0079] When the grid load increases further, power generation mode 1 and power generation mode 2 can be carried out simultaneously, that is, power generation mode 4, at which time the output power is the largest and the efficiency is the highest.

[0080] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present application, and should all be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. An organic solid waste coupled compressed air energy storage system, characterized by: The invention comprises an organic solid waste gasification subsystem, which comprises a gasification furnace (1), a purification dust collector (2), and a fan (3) connected in series in sequence; A power generation subsystem comprising a burner (4), a gas turbine (5), and a generator (6) connected in series; A heat exchange subsystem comprising a heat storage heat exchanger device (7), a low-temperature side flow channel (8) of the heat storage heat exchanger, and a high-temperature side flow channel (9) of the heat storage heat exchanger arranged in parallel; An air compression and storage subsystem, comprising a motor (10), a compressor (11), and an air storage reservoir (12) connected in series; An exhaust gas treatment subsystem comprising a fan (13) and a flue gas purification device (14) connected in series; The output end of the fan (3) in the organic solid waste gasification subsystem is connected to the input end of the burner (4); The low-temperature side flow channel (8) of the heat storage heat exchanger in the heat exchange subsystem is connected to the output end of the gas storage reservoir (12) upstream and to the input end of the burner (4) downstream; The high-temperature side flow channel (9) of the heat storage heat exchanger in the heat exchange subsystem is connected to the output end of the gas turbine (5) upstream and to the input end of the fan (13) downstream; The control method of the system includes an energy storage process and an energy release process, wherein the energy storage process includes an air compression energy storage process and a combustion heat energy storage process; The air compression energy storage process includes: Using electric energy to drive a compressor (11) to compress air and store it in an air storage reservoir (12), thereby converting the electric energy into potential energy of the compressed air; The combustion heat energy storage process includes: The gas generated by the gasification furnace (1) flows through the purification dust collector (2) and the fan (3) in sequence and enters the burner (4) for combustion. The generated high-temperature and high-pressure gas drives the gas turbine (5) to perform work. The tail gas passes through the high-temperature side flow channel (9) of the heat storage heat exchanger to store heat in the heat storage heat exchanger device (7); The energy release process includes a first energy release mode: The gas generated by the organic solid waste gasification subsystem enters the combustion chamber (4) together with the ambient atmosphere to burn and drive the gas turbine (5) to perform work; The energy release process includes a second energy release mode: The compressed air of the air compression and storage subsystem flows from the gas storage reservoir (12) through the low-temperature side flow channel (8) of the heat storage heat exchanger into the burner (4), driving the gas turbine (5) to perform work; The energy release process includes a third energy release mode, wherein the third energy release mode is an alternating process of the first energy release mode and the second energy release mode; The energy release process includes a fourth energy release mode, and the fourth energy release mode is performed simultaneously with the first energy release mode and the second energy release mode.

2. The organic solid waste coupled compressed air energy storage system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The organic solid waste added to the gasifier (1) in the organic solid waste gasification subsystem is a mixture of one or more raw materials selected from municipal solid waste, agricultural and forestry straw biomass, sludge, livestock manure, and coal by-products.

3. The organic solid waste coupled compressed air energy storage system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The structure of the heat storage heat exchanger device (7) is a plate type or a shell and tube type. The heat storage heat exchanger device (7) is filled with a heat carrier, and the heat carrier is any one of a liquid working medium, a phase change heat storage material, and a granular heat storage working medium with a certain fluidity.

4. The organic solid waste coupled compressed air energy storage system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The gasification furnace (1) is any one of a solid bed, a bubbling fluidized bed, and a circulating fluidized bed, and the gasification furnace (1) operates at normal pressure or a pressurized state.

5. The organic solid waste coupled compressed air energy storage system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The gas storage reservoir (12) includes any one of salt rock caves, hard rock caves, aquifers, abandoned mines, artificial caves, metal gas storage tanks, composite material gas storage tanks, and underwater air bags. The gas storage reservoir (12) includes a single gas storage device or multiple parallel gas storage devices.

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