Stator assembly and electric machine

Abstract

The embodiment of the application relates to a kind of stator assembly and motor, in the branch of each phase winding of the stator assembly, first coil group is gradually wound to the Mth slot layer of layer with span y along the first direction; With span y1=y+1 or y1=y-1, it is wound to the Mth slot layer corresponding to adjacent magnetic pole in the same layer;With span y, it is gradually wound to the 1st slot layer of layer along the second direction;With span y2=2y-y1, it is wound to the 1st slot layer corresponding to adjacent magnetic pole in the same layer;Same layer connecting line is connected with span y3 first coil group and second coil group;Second coil group enters from the 1st slot layer, with span y, it is alternately wound in the circumferential direction of stator core in adjacent two slot layers along the first direction for a week;Again, it is arranged to the next group of adjacent two slot layers, with span y, it is wound in the circumferential direction of stator core along the first direction for a week;With this winding rule, until M / 2 group of adjacent two slot layers is wound to the Mth slot layer.The stator assembly of the embodiment of the application cancels the insulating paper in the same stator slot.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of motor technology, and in particular to a stator assembly and a motor. Background Technology

[0002] Electric vehicles (EVs) have significant advantages over traditional gasoline-powered vehicles in terms of power, intelligence, and operating costs; however, the long charging time limits their widespread adoption. To address the long charging time issue and improve the power density of the EV drive system, the drive motor is typically a flat-wire motor. The stator assembly of a flat-wire motor includes a stator core and multiphase windings. The stator core has multiple stator slots distributed circumferentially, and each slot contains multiple layers of conductors forming the multiphase windings.

[0003] In related technologies, the multiphase windings in the stator assembly are short-pitch windings, resulting in multiple conductors in the same slot located in different phases. Therefore, insulating paper is needed between conductors in different phases within the same stator slot to isolate the conductors of different phases.

[0004] However, the insulating paper reduces the slot fill factor of the stator assembly, reduces the power density of the drive motor, increases the insulation cost of the drive motor, and also increases the temperature rise of the windings. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a stator assembly and a motor, which solves the technical problem of reducing the slot fill factor of the stator assembly by insulating paper.

[0006] The first aspect of the present invention provides a stator assembly for use in a motor. The stator assembly includes a stator core and a multiphase winding. The stator core is provided with a plurality of stator slots in its circumferential direction. Each stator slot has M slot layers for wiring of the multiphase winding, where M is greater than or equal to 4 and M is an even number.

[0007] Each phase winding includes at least two parallel branches, and each branch includes a first coil group, a connecting line in the same layer, and a second coil group.

[0008] The first coil group enters from the first slot layer of the stator slot corresponding to any magnetic pole, and is gradually wound across layers along the circumference of the stator core in a first direction with a span y, where y is the pole pitch of the motor; then it is wound in the same layer with a span y1 = y+1 or y1 = y-1 to the Mth slot layer corresponding to the adjacent magnetic pole; then it is gradually wound across layers along the circumference of the stator core in a second direction with a span y, where the second direction is opposite to the first direction; then it is wound in the same layer with a span y2 = 2y - y1 to the first slot layer corresponding to the adjacent magnetic pole; the above winding pattern is repeated until the first slot layer of the stator slots corresponding to all magnetic poles has been traversed;

[0009] The same-layer connecting line connects the first coil group and the second coil group with a span of y3. When the same-layer connecting line is along the first direction, y3 = y-2; when the same-layer connecting line is along the second direction, y3 = y+2.

[0010] The second coil group enters from the first slot layer at the end of the same layer connecting line away from the first coil group, and is wound alternately in two adjacent slot layers along the first direction with a span y; then it is moved to the next group of two adjacent slot layers and wound in the first direction along the first direction with a span y; this winding pattern is continued until the winding of M / 2 groups of two adjacent slot layers to the Mth slot layer is completed.

[0011] The stator assembly of this application embodiment includes at least two branches in each phase winding. Each branch includes a first coil group, a connecting wire in the same layer, and a second coil group. The first coil group is wound across layers along a first direction on the circumference of the stator core with a span y to the Mth slot layer. Then, it is wound in the same layer with a span y1 = y+1 or y1 = y-1 to the Mth slot layer corresponding to the adjacent magnetic pole. Then, it is wound across layers along a second direction opposite to the first direction on the circumference of the stator core with a span y to the 1st slot layer. Then, it is wound in the same layer with a span y2 = 2y - y1 to the 1st slot layer corresponding to the adjacent magnetic pole. The second coil group is wound alternately in two adjacent slot layers along the first direction on the circumference of the stator core with a span y. Then, it is moved to the next group of two adjacent slot layers and wound in the first direction on the circumference of the stator core with a span y. This winding pattern continues until M / 2 groups of two adjacent slot layers are wound to the Mth slot layer. The first and second coil groups are connected by a connecting wire on the same layer. This winding method ensures that all windings within the same stator slot belong to the same phase, eliminating the need for insulating paper within the same stator slot. This increases the slot fill factor, power density, and reduces insulation costs. Furthermore, this winding method ensures complete symmetry of the magnetic circuits in each branch of each phase winding, eliminating circulating current problems caused by asymmetrical structures, improving motor efficiency, and reducing temperature rise. Moreover, eliminating insulating paper within the same stator slot simplifies the wiring process for multi-phase windings, improving motor manufacturing efficiency.

[0012] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, the first coil group includes a plurality of first coil units connected in sequence. Each first coil unit includes a plurality of first cross-layer conductors, a first same-layer conductors, a plurality of second cross-layer conductors, and a second same-layer conductors connected in sequence. The first cross-layer conductors, the first same-layer conductors, the second cross-layer conductors, and the second same-layer conductors are all U-shaped conductors. The first cross-layer conductors and the second cross-layer conductors are both arranged across layers, and the span of the first cross-layer conductors and the second cross-layer conductors is y. The first same-layer conductors are arranged in the same layer, and the span of the first same-layer conductors is y1. The second same-layer conductors are arranged in the same layer, and the span of the second same-layer conductors is y2.

[0013] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, the same-layer connecting line includes a third same-layer conductor, which is a U-shaped conductor; the third same-layer conductor is disposed on the same layer, one first effective side of the third same-layer conductor is connected to the first coil group, the other first effective side of the third same-layer conductor is connected to the second coil group, and the span of the third same-layer conductor is y3.

[0014] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, the second coil group includes a plurality of second coil units connected in sequence, each second coil unit including a plurality of third cross-layer conductors connected in sequence, the third cross-layer conductors being U-shaped conductors, the third cross-layer conductors being arranged across layers, and the span of the third cross-layer conductors being y.

[0015] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, the first coil group further includes a first lead end, the first lead end being a first S-shaped conductor, the first S-shaped conductor being located within the first slot layer of the stator slot.

[0016] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, the second coil group further includes a second lead end, which is a second S-shaped conductor located in the Mth slot layer of the stator slot.

[0017] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, one of the first lead end and the second lead end is an input lead and the other is an output lead.

[0018] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, the number of stator slots is 54, the number of magnetic poles is 6, the pole pitch is 9, and the stator slots have 6 layers.

[0019] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, the multiphase winding is a three-phase winding, the three-phase windings are wound in the same way on the stator core and are 120° out of phase in space, and the three-phase windings are connected in a star or delta configuration.

[0020] A second aspect of this application also provides an electric motor, including the stator assembly described in any of the preceding claims.

[0021] Since the motor in this embodiment includes any of the stator components described above, the motor also has the advantages of any of the stator components described above, which will not be elaborated further in this embodiment. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the stator assembly according to an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the card-issuing end of the middle stator assembly;

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the welding end of the middle stator assembly;

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the stator slots on the middle stator core;

[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 1 The structural schematic diagram of the multiphase winding of the middle stator assembly is shown when only the A-phase winding is shown.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the U-shaped conductor in some implementations of the embodiments of this application;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the U-shaped conductor in some other implementations of the embodiments of this application;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the U-shaped conductor in some other implementations of the embodiments of this application;

[0031] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first S-shaped conductor according to an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the phase band distribution of the multiphase winding in the first embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 11This is a schematic diagram of the winding pattern of the first coil group of the first branch of phase A in the first embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the winding pattern of the second coil group in the first branch of phase A in the first embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the winding pattern of the first branch winding A1X1 of phase A in the first embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the winding pattern of the second branch winding A2X2 of phase A in the first embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the unfolded A-phase winding in the first embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the three-phase winding star connection in the first embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the three-phase winding delta connection in the first embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the winding pattern of the first branch winding A1X1 of phase A in the second embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the winding pattern of the second branch winding A2X2 of phase A in the second embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the winding pattern of the first coil group of the first branch of phase A in the third embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the winding pattern of the second coil group in the first branch of phase A in the third embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the winding pattern of the first branch winding A1X1 of phase A in the third embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of the winding pattern of the second branch winding A2X2 of phase A in the third embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram of the unfolded A-phase winding in the third embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram of the winding pattern of the first branch winding A1X1 of phase A in the fourth embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 26 This is a schematic diagram of the winding pattern of the second branch winding A2X2 of phase A in the fourth embodiment of this application.

[0049] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0050] 100 - Stator core;

[0051] 110 - Stator slot; 120 - Card issuing end;

[0052] 130 - Welding end;

[0053] 200-Multiphase winding;

[0054] 210-Phase A winding; 220-U-shaped conductor;

[0055] 221 - First valid edge; 222 - First issuing end;

[0056] 223 - First twist head; 224 - First welding end;

[0057] 230 - S-shaped conductor; 231 - Second effective side;

[0058] 232 - Lead end; 233 - Second twist;

[0059] 234 - Second welding end. Detailed Implementation

[0060] Electric vehicle drive motors require lightweight construction, high power density, and high efficiency. Compared to conventional round copper wire motors, flat wire motors can achieve a bare copper slot fill factor of over 60%, significantly higher than the 40% fill factor for round copper wire. With the number of circumferential slots in the stator core remaining constant, increasing the slot fill factor reduces the DC resistance of the stator windings, decreases copper losses, and improves motor efficiency. Therefore, using flat wire motors as drive motors is an important measure to promote the lightweighting of electric vehicles, increase their driving range, and reduce powertrain costs.

[0061] To achieve fast charging for electric vehicles and improve the power density of electric vehicle drive systems, high voltage requirements are placed on the drive motors of electric vehicles. In related technologies, the multiphase windings in the stator assembly are typically short-pitch windings, resulting in multiple conductors in the same stator slot located in different phases. Therefore, insulating paper is needed between conductors in different phases within the same stator slot to isolate them. However, the use of insulating paper not only reduces the slot fill factor of the motor but also increases copper losses and the temperature rise of the stator windings, limiting the power density of the motor and increasing the insulation cost.

[0062] To address the technical problem in related technologies where insulating paper needs to be placed between conductors of different phases in the same slot in the stator core of the stator assembly, reducing the slot fill factor of the stator assembly, this application provides a stator assembly in which each phase winding includes at least two branches. Each branch includes a first coil group, a connecting wire in the same layer, and a second coil group. The first coil group is wound gradually across layers along the circumference of the stator core in a first direction with a span y to the Mth slot layer. Then, it is wound in the same layer with a span y1 = y+1 or y1 = y-1 to the Mth slot layer corresponding to the adjacent magnetic pole. Then, it is wound gradually across layers along the circumference of the stator core in a second direction opposite to the first direction with a span y to the 1st slot layer. Finally, it is wound in the same layer with a span y2 = 2y - y1 to the 1st slot layer corresponding to the adjacent magnetic pole. The second coil group is wound alternately in two adjacent slots along the first direction with a span y, around the circumference of the stator core. This process is repeated in the next set of adjacent slots with the same span y, continuing until the M / 2 sets of adjacent slots are wound to the Mth slot. Connecting wires in the same layer connect the first and second coil groups. This winding method ensures that all windings within the same stator slot belong to the same phase, eliminating the need for insulating paper within the same slot. This increases the slot fill factor, power density, and reduces insulation costs. Furthermore, this winding method ensures complete symmetry of the magnetic circuits in each branch of each phase winding, eliminating circulating current problems caused by asymmetrical structures, improving motor efficiency, and reducing temperature rise.

[0063] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0064] First, the relevant technical terms in the motors involved in the embodiments of this application will be explained and described.

[0065] The number of poles in a motor refers to the number of magnetic poles in the motor. Magnetic poles are divided into N poles and S poles. Generally, one N pole and one S pole are called a pair of magnetic poles, which means that the number of pole pairs (P) of the motor is 1.

[0066] The number of slots per pole per phase is the number of slots occupied by each phase winding under each magnetic pole.

[0067] The number of phases in a motor generally refers to the number of phase wires (i.e., live wires). For example, a three-phase motor uses three phase wires. The number of phases is usually defined by the number of output terminals (excluding the neutral wire) on the stator side of the motor.

[0068] The phase band of an electric motor refers to the number of slots on the stator core continuously occupied by each phase winding of each pole.

[0069] Slot fill factor is the ratio of the cross-sectional area of ​​the conductor inside the slot of the sub-core to the effective area of ​​the slot.

[0070] The pole pitch of a motor is the distance between two adjacent magnetic poles along the surface of the stator core.

[0071] Span, also known as pitch, refers to the distance spanned between the two effective sides of the same conductor in the winding of an electric motor on the armature surface, and is usually expressed by the number of slots.

[0072] Full pitch, meaning the pitch is equal to the polar pitch.

[0073] Short pitch, meaning the pitch is less than the polar distance.

[0074] The first aspect of this application provides a stator assembly applied to a motor. (See reference...) Figure 1 and Figure 4 The stator assembly may include a stator core 100 and a multiphase winding 200. The stator core 100 has a plurality of stator slots 110 circumferentially arranged. Exemplarily, the stator slots 110 may be arranged circumferentially along the inner wall of the stator core 100, and the stator slots 110 may be spaced apart on the stator core 100 at predetermined intervals. Each stator slot 110 has M slot layers for multiphase winding wiring, where M may be greater than or equal to 4, and M is an even number. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the stator slot 110 can have six slot layers, arranged from the bottom of the slot to the opening. These six slot layers can be layer a, b, c, d, e, and f, respectively. For example, slot layer a (the first slot layer) is located at the innermost side of the stator slot 110, and slot layer f (the sixth slot layer) is located at the outermost side of the stator slot 110. It is understood that slot layer a can also be located at the outermost side of the stator slot 110, and slot layer f can also be located at the innermost side of the stator slot 110. It should be noted that a slot layer can be understood as a space for winding wiring arranged sequentially in the direction of the slot depth within the same stator slot 110. This space can be a virtual space within the stator slot 110 to facilitate describing the position of the winding in the direction of the slot depth when wiring within the stator slot 110.

[0075] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The two ends of the stator core 100 can be defined as the hairpin end 120 and the welding end 130, respectively. The multiphase winding 200 can be inserted into the stator core 100 from the hairpin end 120 side and can be welded at the welding end 130. For example, the hairpin end 120 can be located at the top of the stator core 100 and the welding end 130 can be located at the bottom of the stator core 100.

[0076] The multiphase winding 200 refers to multiple phase windings that are different from each other in electrical phase. For example, the multiphase winding 200 can be a three-phase winding, with the three phase windings having the same winding pattern on the stator core 100 and differing in spatial phase by 120°. That is, the multiphase winding 200 can include three phase windings, such as phase A, phase B, and phase C. The three-phase windings can be connected in a star or delta configuration. (Reference) Figure 5 The stator assembly shown in this embodiment of the application is a structural schematic diagram of only the stator core 100 and the A-phase winding 210.

[0077] For example, each phase winding may include at least two parallel branches. For instance, the number of branches 'a' in each phase winding may be less than or equal to M / 2. For example, 'a' may be 2, 3, or other values ​​that satisfy the condition.

[0078] Each branch may include a first coil group, a connecting wire in the same layer, and a second coil group. The first coil group enters from the first slot layer of the stator slot 110 corresponding to any magnetic pole, and is gradually wound across layers in the first direction along the circumference of the stator core 100 with a span y, where y is the pole pitch of the motor; then it is wound in the same layer with a span y1 = y+1 or y1 = y-1 to the Mth slot layer corresponding to the adjacent magnetic pole; then it is gradually wound across layers in the second direction along the circumference of the stator core 100 with a span y, where the second direction is opposite to the first direction; then it is wound in the same layer with a span y2 = 2y - y1 to the first slot layer corresponding to the adjacent magnetic pole; the above winding pattern is repeated until the first slot layer of the stator slot 110 corresponding to all magnetic poles is wound. The connecting wire in the same layer connects the first coil group and the second coil group with a span of y3. When the connecting wire is along the first direction, y3 = y - 2; when the connecting wire is along the second direction, y3 = y + 2. The second coil group enters from the first slot layer at the end of the connecting wire away from the first coil group, and is wound alternately in two adjacent slot layers along the first direction with a span of y. Then it is moved to the next group of adjacent slot layers and wound again in the first direction with a span of y. This winding pattern continues until the M / 2 groups of adjacent slot layers are wound to the Mth slot layer.

[0079] For example, the first direction can be a clockwise direction when viewed from the hairpin end 120 of the stator core 100, and the second direction can be a counterclockwise direction when viewed from the hairpin end 120 of the stator core 100. It is understood that the first direction and the second direction can also be interchanged.

[0080] It should be noted that when winding the second coil group, the slot layers of the stator core 100 are divided into M / 2 groups of adjacent slot layers. For example, the first slot layer and the second slot layer can be the first group of adjacent slot layers, the third slot layer and the fourth slot layer can be the second group of adjacent slot layers, and so on. The M-1 slot layer and the M slot layer can be the M / 2 group of adjacent slot layers.

[0081] This winding method ensures that all windings within the same stator slot 110 belong to the same phase, eliminating the need for insulating paper within the same slot. This improves the slot fill factor, increases the power density, and reduces insulation costs. Furthermore, this winding method ensures complete symmetry in the magnetic circuits of each branch in each phase winding, eliminating circulating current problems caused by asymmetrical structures, improving motor efficiency, and reducing temperature rise. Moreover, eliminating insulating paper within the same stator slot 110 simplifies the wiring process for multi-phase windings, improving motor manufacturing efficiency.

[0082] The first coil group, the second coil group, and the in-layer connecting wires may all include a U-shaped conductor 220. For example, refer to... Figure 6 The U-shaped conductor 220 may include a first effective side 221, a first hairpin end 222, and a first twist head 223. There are two first effective sides 221, arranged opposite to each other, and located in the same or different layers of different stator slots 110. The first hairpin end 222 connects the first ends of the two first effective sides 221, and may be located at the hairpin end 120 of the stator core 100. A first twist head 223 is provided at the second end of each first effective side 221. (Reference) Figure 6 In some implementations of this application, the two first torsion heads 223 may have opposite torsional directions and be far apart from each other. (See reference...) Figure 7 In other implementations of this application, the two first torsion heads 223 may twist in the same direction, and may simultaneously deflect to the left. (See reference...) Figure 8 In other implementations of this application, the two first twist heads 223 may twist in the same direction, and may simultaneously deflect to the right. The end of the first twist head 223 is a first welding end 224. Coils can be formed by welding the first welding ends 224 of different U-shaped conductors 220. Different structures of U-shaped conductors 220 can be selected according to the specific structure of the first coil group, the second coil group, and the connecting wires in the same layer.

[0083] For example, the first coil group may include a plurality of first coil units connected in sequence. Each first coil unit includes a plurality of first cross-layer conductors, a first same-layer conductor, a plurality of second cross-layer conductors, and a second same-layer conductor connected in sequence. The first cross-layer conductor, the first same-layer conductor, the second cross-layer conductor, and the second same-layer conductor may all be U-shaped conductors 220. The first cross-layer conductor and the second cross-layer conductor are both arranged across layers, that is, the two first effective edges 221 of the first cross-layer conductor and the two first effective edges 221 of the second cross-layer conductor are respectively inserted into slots of different layers. And the span of the first cross-layer conductor and the second cross-layer conductor is y. The first same-layer conductor is arranged in the same layer, that is, the two first effective edges 221 of the first same-layer conductor are respectively inserted into slots of the same layer. The span of the first same-layer conductor is y1. The second same-layer conductor is arranged in the same layer, that is, the two first effective edges 221 of the second same-layer conductor are respectively inserted into slots of the same layer. The span of the second same-layer conductor is y2.

[0084] The first coil assembly may further include a first lead end. The first lead end may be a first S-shaped conductor. For example, refer to... Figure 9 The first S-shaped conductor 230 may include a second effective side 231, a lead end 232, and a second twist 233. The second effective side 231 may be located within a slot layer of the stator slot 110. The lead end 232 is connected to a first end of the second effective side 231; exemplarily, the lead end 232 may be located at the hairpin end 120 of the stator core 100. The second twist 233 is connected to a second end of the second effective side 231; exemplarily, the second twist 233 may be located at the welding end 130 of the stator core 100. The end of the second twist 233 may have a second welding end 234. The second welding end 234 may be welded to the first welding end 224 of the U-shaped conductor 220 to form a coil. The second effective side 231 of the first S-shaped conductor may be located within a first slot layer of the stator slot 110. exemplarily, the second effective side 231 of the first S-shaped conductor may be connected to a first cross-layer conductor in a plurality of first coil units.

[0085] For example, the in-layer connecting line may include a third in-layer conductor, which may be a U-shaped conductor 220. The third in-layer conductor is disposed in the same layer, that is, the two first effective sides 221 of the third in-layer conductor are respectively inserted into the slots of the same layer. One first effective side 221 of the third in-layer conductor is connected to the first coil group, and the other first effective side of the third in-layer conductor is connected to the second coil group. The span of the third in-layer conductor is y3.

[0086] For example, the second coil group includes a plurality of second coil units connected in sequence, each second coil unit including a plurality of third cross-layer conductors connected in sequence, the third cross-layer conductors being U-shaped conductors 220. The third cross-layer conductors are arranged across layers, that is, the two first effective sides 221 of the third cross-layer conductors are respectively inserted into slots of different layers. The span of the third cross-layer conductors is y.

[0087] The second coil group may further include a second lead end, which may be a second S-shaped conductor located within the Mth slot layer of the stator slot 110. Exemplarily, the second S-shaped conductor may be connected to the third cross-layer conductor of the second coil unit. The structure of the second S-shaped conductor can be referred to the description of the first S-shaped conductor described above, and will not be repeated in this embodiment. One of the first lead end and the second lead end may be an input wire, and the other may be an output wire.

[0088] A second aspect of this application also provides an electric motor including the stator assembly described above. Since the electric motor of this application includes the stator assembly described above, it also possesses the advantages of any of the aforementioned stator assemblies, which will not be elaborated further in this application.

[0089] To facilitate understanding of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the following will use a multiphase winding 200 with 3 phases m, 6 poles 2P, 54 stator slots Q, 6 slot layers M in each stator slot 110, 3 slots per pole per phase q, 9 pole pitch τ, and 2 branches in each phase winding as an example to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

[0090] First Embodiment

[0091] First, the phase zones of the multiphase winding are divided. A schematic diagram of the phase zone division is shown below. Figure 10 As shown.

[0092] refer to Figure 11 , Figure 13 and Figure 15 The first coil group of the first branch A1X1 of phase A can enter from the slot layer a of the second stator slot 110 corresponding to the first magnetic pole, and gradually wind it across layers in the first direction along the circumference of the stator core 100 with a span y = 9, up to the slot layer f of the 47th stator slot 110, where y is the pole pitch of the motor; then, it is wound in the same layer with a span y1 = 10 to the slot layer f of the third stator slot 110 corresponding to the adjacent magnetic pole; then, it is gradually wound across layers in the second direction along the circumference of the stator core 100 with a span y = 9, up to the slot layer a of the 12th stator slot 110, where the second direction is opposite to the first direction; then, it is wound in the same layer with a span y2 = 8 to the slot layer a of the 20th stator slot 110 corresponding to the adjacent magnetic pole. The above winding pattern is repeated until all slot layers a of the stator slots 110 corresponding to the magnetic poles are traversed.

[0093] refer to Figure 11 The winding method of the first coil group of the first branch A1X1 is as follows: 2a→11b→20c→29d→38e→47f→3f→48e→39d→30c→21b→12a→20a→29b→38c→47d→2e→11f→21f→12e→3d→48c→39b→30a→38a→47b→2c→11d→20e→29f→39f→30e→21d→12c→3b→48a.

[0094] refer to Figure 11 and Figure 13 The same-layer connecting line of the first branch A1X1 is along the first direction, and the same-layer connecting line of the first branch A1X1 connects the first coil group and the second coil group with a span y3 = 7.

[0095] The winding method of the same-layer connecting line of the first branch A1X1 is as follows: 48a→1a.

[0096] refer to Figure 12 , Figure 13 and Figure 15 The second coil group of the first branch A1X1 enters at the end of the same layer connecting line away from the first coil group, that is, at the slot layer a of the first stator slot 110, and is wound 3 turns across layers in the first direction with a span y = 9 to slot layer f.

[0097] The winding pattern of the second coil of the first branch A1X1 is as follows: 1a→10b→19a→28b→37a→46b→1c→10d→19c→28d→37c→46d→1e→10f→19e→28f→37e→46f.

[0098] It should be noted that, Figure 11 , Figure 12 and Figure 13 The arrows in the diagram illustrate the direction of current within the first coil group, the in-layer connecting line, and the second coil group of the first branch A1X1, and are independent of the winding method of these components. For example, the winding method of the first coil group, the in-layer connecting line, and the second coil group of the first branch A1X1 can be the same as the direction of current within these components.

[0099] like Figure 13 As shown, the first coil group, the same-layer connecting line, and the second coil group form the first branch A1X1 of phase A.

[0100] refer to Figure 14The winding method of the second branch A2X2 of phase A is similar to that of the first branch A1X1. The difference is that the first coil group of the second branch A2X2 of phase A enters from slot layer a of the 11th stator slot 110, while the second coil group of the second branch A2X2 of phase A enters from slot layer f of the 10th stator slot 110.

[0101] refer to Figure 14 The winding method of the first coil group of the second branch A2X2 is as follows: 3a←12b←21c←30d←39e←48f←38f←29e←20d←11c←2b←47a←39a←48b←3c←12d←21e←30f←20f←11e←2d←47c←38b←29a←21a←30b←39c←48d←3e←12f←2f←47e←38d←29c←20b←11a.

[0102] The winding method of the same-layer connecting line of the second branch A2X2 is as follows: 10a←3a.

[0103] The winding method of the second coil group of the second branch A2X2 is as follows: 1f←46e←37f←28e←19f←10e←1d←46c←37d←28c←19d←10c←1b←46a←37b←28a←19b←10a.

[0104] It should be noted that, Figure 14 The arrows in the diagram illustrate the direction of current in the first coil group, the in-layer connecting line, and the second coil group in the second branch A2X2, and are independent of the winding method of these coil groups. For example, the winding method of the first coil group, the in-layer connecting line, and the second coil group in the second branch A2X2 can be opposite to the direction of current in these coil groups.

[0105] refer to Figure 15 The winding development diagram only shows the development diagram of phase A winding and does not involve the windings of phases B and C. The windings of phases B and C are wound in the same way as the windings of phase A, but are 120° out of phase in space. Specifically, phase B is shifted by 2q stator slots 110° relative to phase A, and phase C is shifted by 2q stator slots 110° relative to phase B.

[0106] refer to Figure 16 Phase A, phase B, and phase C windings can be connected in a star configuration. (Reference) Figure 17 Phase A winding, phase B winding, and phase C winding can also be connected in a delta configuration.

[0107] This winding method allows each branch to traverse the designated phase bands and slot layers, thus maintaining a balanced potential across branches and eliminating circulating currents between branches. This improves motor efficiency and reduces temperature rise. Furthermore, conductors within the same stator slot 110 belong to the same phase, eliminating the need for insulating paper between conductors. This increases slot fill factor, enhances motor power density, and reduces insulation costs.

[0108] Second Embodiment

[0109] refer to Figure 18 The first coil group of the first branch A1X1 of phase A can enter from the slot layer a of the second stator slot 110 corresponding to the first magnetic pole, and gradually wind it across layers in the first direction along the circumference of the stator core 100 with a span y = 9, up to the slot layer f of the 47th stator slot 110, where y is the pole pitch of the motor; then, it is wound in the same layer with a span y1 = 8 to the slot layer f of the 39th stator slot 110 corresponding to the adjacent magnetic pole; then, it is gradually wound across layers in the second direction along the circumference of the stator core 100 with a span y = 9, up to the slot layer a of the 48th stator slot 110, where the second direction is opposite to the first direction; then, it is wound in the same layer with a span y2 = 10 to the slot layer a of the 38th stator slot 110 corresponding to the adjacent magnetic pole. The above winding pattern is repeated until all slot layers a of the stator slots 110 corresponding to the magnetic poles are traversed.

[0110] refer to Figure 18 The winding method of the first coil group of the first branch A1X1 is as follows: 2a→11b→20c→29d→38e→47f→39f→30e→21d→12c→3b→48a→38a→47b→2c→11d→20e→29f→21f→12e→3d→48c→39b→30a→20a→29b→38c→47d→2e→11f→3f→48e→39d→30c→21b→12a.

[0111] refer to Figure 18 The connecting line of the first branch A1X1 is along the second direction, which is opposite to the first direction. The connecting line of the first branch A1X1 connects the first coil group and the second coil group with a span y3 = 11.

[0112] The winding method of the same-layer connecting line of the first branch A1X1 is as follows: 12a→1a.

[0113] refer to Figure 18 The second coil group of the first branch A1X1 enters at the end of the same layer connecting line away from the first coil group, that is, at the slot layer a of the first stator slot 110, and is wound 3 turns across layers in the first direction with a span y = 9 to slot layer f.

[0114] The winding pattern of the second coil of the first branch A1X1 is as follows: 1a→10b→19a→28b→37a→46b→1c→10d→19c→28d→37c→46d→1e→10f→19e→28f→37e→46f.

[0115] It should be noted that, Figure 18 The arrows in the diagram illustrate the direction of current within the first coil group, the in-layer connecting line, and the second coil group of the first branch A1X1, and are independent of the winding method of these components. For example, the winding method of the first coil group, the in-layer connecting line, and the second coil group of the first branch A1X1 can be the same as the direction of current within these components.

[0116] refer to Figure 19 The winding method of the second branch A2X2 of phase A is similar to that of the first branch A1X1. The difference is that the first coil group of the second branch A2X2 of phase A enters from the slot layer a of the 11th stator slot 110, and the second coil group of the second branch A2X2 of phase A enters from the slot layer a of the 10th stator slot 110.

[0117] refer to Figure 19 The winding method of the first coil group of the second branch A2X2 is as follows: 21a←30b←39c←48d←3e←12f←20f←11e←2d←47c←38b←29a←39a←48b←3c←12d←21e←30f←38f←29e←20d←11c←2b←47a←3a←12b←21c←30d←39e←48f←2f←47e←38d←29c←20b←11a.

[0118] The winding method of the same-layer connecting line of the second branch A2X2 is as follows: 10a←21a.

[0119] The winding method of the second coil group of the second branch A2X2 is as follows: 1f←46e←37f←28e←19f←10e←1d←46c←37d←28c←19d←10c←1b←46a←37b←28a←19b←10a.

[0120] It should be noted that, Figure 19The arrows in the diagram illustrate the direction of current in the first coil group, the in-layer connecting line, and the second coil group in the second branch A2X2, and are independent of the winding method of these coil groups. For example, the winding method of the first coil group, the in-layer connecting line, and the second coil group in the second branch A2X2 can be opposite to the direction of current in these coil groups.

[0121] The remainder of the second embodiment can be referred to the description of the first embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0122] This winding method allows each branch to traverse the arranged phase bands and slot layers, thus maintaining a balanced potential across branches and eliminating circulating currents between branches. This improves motor efficiency and reduces motor temperature rise. Conductors within the same stator slot 110 belong to the same phase, eliminating the need for insulating paper between conductors. This increases slot fill factor, improves motor power density, and reduces motor insulation costs.

[0123] Third Embodiment

[0124] refer to Figure 20 , Figure 22 and Figure 24 The first coil group of the first branch A1X1 of phase A can enter from the slot layer a of the second stator slot 110 corresponding to the first magnetic pole, and gradually wind it across layers in the first direction along the circumference of the stator core 100 with a span y = 9, up to the slot layer f of the 47th stator slot 110, where y is the pole pitch of the motor; then, it is wound in the same layer with a span y1 = 8 to the slot layer f of the first stator slot corresponding to the adjacent magnetic pole; then, it is gradually wound across layers in the second direction along the circumference of the stator core 100 with a span y = 9, up to the slot layer a of the 10th stator slot 110, where the second direction is opposite to the first direction; then, it is wound in the same layer with a span y2 = 10 to the slot layer a of the 20th stator slot 110 corresponding to the adjacent magnetic pole. The above winding pattern is repeated until all slot layers a of the stator slots 110 corresponding to the magnetic poles are traversed.

[0125] refer to Figure 20 The winding method of the first coil group of the first branch A1X1 is as follows: 2a→11b→20c→29d→38e→47f→1f→46e→37d→28c→19b→10a→20a→29b→38c→47d→2e→11f→19f→10e→1d→46c→37b→28a→38a→47b→2c→11d→20e→29f→37f→28e→19d→10c→1b→46a.

[0126] refer to Figure 20 and Figure 22The same-layer connecting line of the first branch A1X1 is along the first direction, and the same-layer connecting line of the first branch A1X1 connects the first coil group and the second coil group with a span y3 = 11.

[0127] The winding method of the same-layer connecting line of the first branch A1X1 is as follows: 46a→3a.

[0128] refer to Figure 21 , Figure 22 and Figure 24 The second coil group of the first branch A1X1 enters at the end of the same layer connecting line away from the first coil group, that is, at the slot layer a of the third stator slot 110, and is wound 3 turns in the first direction with a span y = 9 to the slot layer f of the 48th stator slot 110.

[0129] The winding pattern of the second coil of the first branch A1X1 is as follows: 3a→12b→21a→30b→39a→48b→3c→12d→21c→30d→39c→48d→3e→12f→21e→30f→39e→48f.

[0130] It should be noted that, Figure 20 , Figure 21 and Figure 22 The arrows in the diagram illustrate the direction of current within the first coil group, the in-layer connecting line, and the second coil group of the first branch A1X1, and are independent of the winding method of these components. For example, the winding method of the first coil group, the in-layer connecting line, and the second coil group of the first branch A1X1 can be the same as the direction of current within these components.

[0131] like Figure 22 As shown, the first coil group, the same-layer connecting line, and the second coil group form the first branch A1X1 of phase A.

[0132] refer to Figure 23 The winding method of the second branch A2X2 of phase A is similar to that of the first branch A1X1. The difference is that the first coil group of the second branch A2X2 of phase A enters from slot layer a of the 11th stator slot 110, and the second coil group of the second branch A2X2 of phase A enters from slot layer a of the 12th stator slot 110.

[0133] refer to Figure 23The winding method of the first coil group of the second branch A2X2 is as follows: 1a←10b←19c←28d←37e←46f←38f←29e←20d←11c←2b←47a←37a←46b←1c←10d←19e←28f←20f←11e←2d←47c←38b←29a←19a←28b←37c←46d←1e←10f←2f←47e←38d←29c←20b←11a.

[0134] The winding method of the same-layer connecting line of the second branch A2X2 is as follows: 12a←1a.

[0135] The winding method of the second coil group of the second branch A2X2 is as follows: 3f←48e←39f←30e←21f←12e←3d←48c←39d←30c←21d←12c←3b←48a←39b←30a←21b←12a.

[0136] It should be noted that, Figure 23 The arrows in the diagram illustrate the direction of current in the first coil group, the in-layer connecting line, and the second coil group in the second branch A2X2, and are independent of the winding method of these coil groups. For example, the winding method of the first coil group, the in-layer connecting line, and the second coil group in the second branch A2X2 can be opposite to the direction of current in these coil groups.

[0137] refer to Figure 24 The winding development diagram only shows the development diagram of phase A winding and does not involve the windings of phases B and C. The windings of phases B and C are wound in the same way as the windings of phase A, but are 120° out of phase in space. Specifically, phase B is shifted by 2q stator slots 110° relative to phase A, and phase C is shifted by 2q stator slots 110° relative to phase B.

[0138] The remainder of the third embodiment can be referred to the first embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0139] Fourth embodiment

[0140] refer to Figure 25The first coil group of the first branch A1X1 of phase A can enter from the slot layer a of the second stator slot 110 corresponding to the first magnetic pole, and gradually wind it across layers in the first direction along the circumference of the stator core 100 with a span y = 9, up to the slot layer f of the 47th stator slot 110, where y is the pole pitch of the motor; then, it is wound in the same layer with a span y1 = 10 to the slot layer f of the 37th stator slot 110 corresponding to the adjacent magnetic pole; then, it is gradually wound across layers in the second direction along the circumference of the stator core 100 with a span y = 9, up to the slot layer a of the 46th stator slot 110, where the second direction is opposite to the first direction; then, it is wound in the same layer with a span y2 = 8 to the slot layer a of the 38th stator slot 110 corresponding to the adjacent magnetic pole. The above winding pattern is repeated until all slot layers a of the stator slots 110 corresponding to the magnetic poles are traversed.

[0141] The winding pattern of the first coil group of the first branch A1X1 is as follows: 2a→11b→20c→29d→38e→47f→37f→28e→19d→10c→1b→46a→38a→47b→2c→11d→20e→29f→19f→10e→1d→46c→37b→28a→20a→29b→38c→47d→2e→11f→1f→46e→37d→28c→19b→10a.

[0142] refer to Figure 25 The connecting line of the first branch A1X1 is along the second direction, which is opposite to the first direction. The connecting line of the first branch A1X1 connects the first coil group and the second coil group with a span y3 = 7.

[0143] The winding method of the same-layer connecting line of the first branch A1X1 is as follows: 10a→3a.

[0144] refer to Figure 25 The second coil group of the first branch A1X1 enters at the end of the same layer connecting line away from the first coil group, that is, at the slot layer a of the third stator slot 110, and is wound 3 turns across layers in the first direction with a span y = 9 to slot layer f.

[0145] The winding pattern of the second coil of the first branch A1X1 is as follows: 3a→12b→21a→30b→39a→48b→3c→12d→21c→30d→39c→48d→3e→12f→21e→30f→39e→48f.

[0146] It should be noted that, it should be noted that, Figure 25The arrows in the diagram illustrate the direction of current within the first coil group, the in-layer connecting line, and the second coil group of the first branch A1X1, and are independent of the winding method of these components. For example, the winding method of the first coil group, the in-layer connecting line, and the second coil group of the first branch A1X1 can be the same as the direction of current within these components.

[0147] refer to Figure 26 The winding method of the second branch A2X2 of phase A is similar to that of the first branch A1X1. The difference is that the first coil group of the second branch A2X2 of phase A enters from slot layer a of the 11th stator slot 110, and the second coil group of the second branch A2X2 of phase A enters from slot layer a of the 12th stator slot 110.

[0148] refer to Figure 26 The winding method of the first coil group of the second branch A2X2 is as follows: 19a←28b←37c←46d←1e←10f←20f←11e←2d←47c←38b←29a←37a←46b←1c←10d←19e←28f←38f←29e←20d←11c←2b←47a←1a←10b←19c←28d←37e←46f←2f←47e←38d←29c←20b←11a.

[0149] The winding method of the same-layer connecting line of the second branch A2X2 is as follows: 12a←19a.

[0150] The winding method of the second coil group of the second branch A2X2 is as follows: 3f←48e←39f←30e←21f←12e←3d←48c←39d←30c←21d←12c←3b←48a←39b←30a←21b←12a.

[0151] It should be noted that, Figure 26 The arrows in the diagram illustrate the direction of current in the first coil group, the in-layer connecting line, and the second coil group in the second branch A2X2, and are independent of the winding method of these coil groups. For example, the winding method of the first coil group, the in-layer connecting line, and the second coil group in the second branch A2X2 can be opposite to the direction of current in these coil groups.

[0152] The remainder of the fourth embodiment can be referred to the description of the first embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0153] This winding method allows each branch to traverse the arranged phase bands and slot layers, thus maintaining a balanced potential across branches and eliminating circulating currents between branches. This improves motor efficiency and reduces motor temperature rise. Conductors within the same stator slot 110 belong to the same phase, eliminating the need for insulating paper between conductors. This increases slot fill factor, improves motor power density, and reduces motor insulation costs.

[0154] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A stator assembly used in a motor, characterized in that, The stator assembly includes a stator core and a multiphase winding. The stator core is provided with a plurality of stator slots in its circumference. Each stator slot has M slot layers for wiring of the multiphase winding, where M is greater than or equal to 4 and M is an even number. Each phase winding includes at least two parallel branches, and each branch includes a first coil group, a connecting line in the same layer, and a second coil group. The first coil group enters from the first slot layer of the stator slot corresponding to any magnetic pole, and is gradually wound across layers along the circumference of the stator core in a first direction with a span y, where y is the pole pitch of the motor; then it is wound in the same layer with a span y1 = y+1 or y1 = y-1 to the Mth slot layer corresponding to the adjacent magnetic pole; then it is gradually wound across layers along the circumference of the stator core in a second direction with a span y, where the second direction is opposite to the first direction; then it is wound in the same layer with a span y2 = 2y - y1 to the first slot layer corresponding to the adjacent magnetic pole; the above winding pattern is repeated until the first slot layer of the stator slots corresponding to all magnetic poles has been traversed; The same-layer connecting line connects the first coil group and the second coil group with a span of y3. When the same-layer connecting line is along the first direction, y3 = y-2; when the same-layer connecting line is along the second direction, y3 = y+2. The second coil group enters from the first slot layer at the end of the same layer connecting line away from the first coil group, and is wound alternately in two adjacent slot layers along the first direction with a span y; then it is moved to the next group of two adjacent slot layers and wound in the first direction along the first direction with a span y; this winding pattern is continued until the winding of M / 2 groups of two adjacent slot layers to the Mth slot layer is completed.

2. The stator assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first coil group includes a plurality of first coil units connected in sequence. Each first coil unit includes a plurality of first cross-layer conductors, a first same-layer conductors, a plurality of second cross-layer conductors, and a second same-layer conductors connected in sequence. The first cross-layer conductors, the first same-layer conductors, the second cross-layer conductors, and the second same-layer conductors are all U-shaped conductors. The first cross-layer conductors and the second cross-layer conductors are arranged across layers, and the span of the first cross-layer conductors and the second cross-layer conductors is y. The first same-layer conductors are arranged in the same layer, and the span of the first same-layer conductors is y1. The second same-layer conductors are arranged in the same layer, and the span of the second same-layer conductors is y2.

3. The stator assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The same-layer connecting line includes a third same-layer conductor, which is a U-shaped conductor; the third same-layer conductor is arranged in the same layer, one first effective side of the third same-layer conductor is connected to the first coil group, the other first effective side of the third same-layer conductor is connected to the second coil group, and the span of the third same-layer conductor is y3.

4. The stator assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second coil group includes a plurality of second coil units connected in sequence. Each second coil unit includes a plurality of third cross-layer conductors connected in sequence. The third cross-layer conductors are U-shaped conductors and are arranged across layers. The span of the third cross-layer conductors is y.

5. The stator assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first coil group also includes a first lead end, which is a first S-shaped conductor located in the first layer of the stator slot.

6. The stator assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second coil group also includes a second lead end, which is a second S-shaped conductor located in the Mth slot layer of the stator slot.

7. The stator assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that, One of the first lead end and the second lead end is an in-line wire, and the other is an out-line wire.

8. The stator assembly according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The number of stator slots is 54, the number of magnetic poles is 6, and the pole pitch is 9.

9. The stator assembly according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The multiphase winding is a three-phase winding. The three-phase windings have the same winding pattern on the stator core and are 120° out of phase in space. The three-phase windings are connected in a star or delta configuration.

10. An electric motor, characterized in that, Includes the stator assembly as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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